Chapter 20

[326]Ibid., p. liv, note.[327]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxxiii.[328]Ibid., p. xxxiv.[329]Sainte-Beuve, Causeries du Lundi, Tom. XII. p. 105:Le Marquis d’Argenson. Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxxvii.[330]Journal et Mémoires, Tom. I., Introduction, p. xliii; Appendice, p. 363.[331]Pensées sur la Réformation de l’État: Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. pp. lv, lvi.[332]Ibid. Compare p. lvi, notes 1 and 2; p. iv, note 2; and p. xvii, note.[333]Letter to Dr. Price, March 22, 1778: Price’s Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, (London, 1785,) App., p. 98.[334]Ibid., p. 93.[335]Condorcet, Vie de Turgot: Œuvres, éd. O’Connor et Arago, (Paris, 1847-49,) Tom. V. p. 209.[336]Ibid., p. 213.[337]Œuvres, éd. Dupont de Nemours, (Paris, 1808-11,) Tom. II. p. 66. Ibid., éd. Daire, (Paris, 1844,) Tom. II. p. 602.[338]De l’Esprit des Lois, Liv. XIX. ch. 27.[339]Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 802.[340]Ibid., pp. 557, 581, 564. Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. VIII. pp. 337, 338.[341]Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, Appendix.[342]Works, Vols. IV.-VI., where (IV. 278-281) is found the larger part of the letter of Turgot.[343]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 96, 97. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 808.[344]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., p. 100. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 809.[345]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 102, 103. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. pp. 809, 810.[346]“Should the morals of the English be perverted by luxury, should they lose their colonies by restraining them, &c., they will be enslaved, they will become insignificant and contemptible; and Europe will not be able to show the world one nation in which she can pride herself.”—Motto on title-page of Price’s second tract on Civil Liberty, from Raynal,Histoire Philosophique et Politique, Liv. XIX.[347]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 103-105. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 810.[348]Memoires, Vol. I. p. 344.[349]Ibid., p. 347. See also Letter to Sir Horace Mann, October 6, 1754: Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. II. p. 398.[350]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 57.[351]Journal of the Reign of George III. from 1771 to 1783, ed. Doran, Vol. I. p. 366.[352]Ibid., p. 491. See Speech of Earl of Sandwich in the House of Lords, March 15, 1775: Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 446.[353]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 279.[354]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 450.[355]Ibid., Vol. VII. pp. 12, 13.[356]Ibid., pp. 14, 15.[357]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VII. pp. 176, 177.[358]Works, Vol. I. pp. 23, 24. See also Vol. IX. pp. 591-593.[359]Works, Vol. I. pp. 24-26.[360]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 447.[361]Ibid., Vol. I. p. 66.[362]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 451.[363]Ibid., Vol. I. p. 66; Vol. III. p. 452.[364]Works, Vol. I. p. 66.[365]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 448.[366]Works, Vol. I. pp. 230, 232.[367]Works, Vol. VII. pp. 226, 227.[368]Twenty-Six Letters upon Interesting Subjects respecting the Revolution of America, written in Holland in the Year 1780: Works, Vol. VII. pp. 274, 275.[369]Works, Vol. VII. p. 250.[370]Letter to Edmund Jenings: Ibid., Vol. IX. pp. 509, 510.[371]Gibbon, Life, ed. Milman, (London, 1839,) p. 231, Chap. VII., Notes and Additions.[372]Alexander Keith Johnston, Physical Atlas, (edit. 1856,) p. 114, note.[373]Works of John Adams, Vol. VII. p. 254.[374]Works, Vol. VII. pp. 255, 256.[375]Works, Vol. VIII. p. 322.[376]Ibid., p. 333.[377]Ibid., Vol. IV. pp. 292, 293.[378]Works, Vol. VI. p. 218.[379]Writings of Jefferson, Vol. VI. p. 258.[380]Works, Vol. X. p. 282.[381]Webster, Discourse in Commemoration of the Lives and Services of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, delivered in Faneuil Hall, Boston, August 2, 1826: Works, Vol. I. p. 139.[382]Page 8.[383]Page 18.[384]Page 21.[385]Page 22.[386]Page 24.[387]Page 27.[388]April, 1777.[389]July, 1777.[390]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XIX. col. 346.[391]Ibid., col. 351.[392]Ibid., col. 847.[393]The Plains of Abraham, Notes Original and Selected, by Lieutenant-Colonel R. E. Beatson.[394]History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, (London, 1858-65,) Vol. V. p. 557.[395]History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Vol. V. p. 558.[396]Speech in the House of Commons, February 8, 1850: Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, 3d Ser., Vol. CVIII. col. 537.[397]Remarks of Mr. Parkman: Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1869-70, p. 113.[398]Letter to the Countess of Ossory, November 8, 1789: Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. IX. p. 234.[399]Mémoires de M. le Duc de Choiseul, écrits par lui-même, et imprimés sous ses Yeux dans son Cabinet à Chanteloup en 1778. 2 Tom. Chanteloup et Paris, 1790.[400]Essai sur les Avantages à retirer de Colonies nouvelles dans les Circonstances présentes, par le Citoyen Talleyrand, lu à la Séance publique de l’Institut National, le 25 Messidor, An V. See Historical Characters, by Sir Henry Lytton Bulwer, Vol. I. p. 461, Appendix.[401]Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. V. p. 193; VI. pp. 25, 67.[402]Ibid., Vol. VI. pp. 95, 96.[403]Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. VI. pp. 169, 170.[404]Ibid., p. 237.[405]Ibid., pp. 244, 245.[406]Ibid., p. 245.[407]Histoire Philosophique et Politique des Établissemens et du Commerce des Européens dans les deux Indes.[408]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Genève, 1780,) Liv. XIX. ch. 15.[409]Notes on Virginia, Query VI.: Writings, Vol. VIII. p. 312.[410]Liv. XVIII. ch. 32.[411]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Amsterdam, 1772,) Liv. XVIII. Tom. VI. p. 379.[412]Ibid., pp. 426, 427.[413]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Amsterdam, 1772,) Liv. XVIII. Tom. VI. pp. 427, 428.[414]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Genève, 1780,) Liv. XVIII. ch. 51, Tom. IX. pp. 369, 370.[415]Ibid., Liv. XVIII. ch. 52, pp. 373, seqq.[416]Dr. Price, in his second tract, “Additional Observations on the Nature and Value of Civil Liberty and the War with America,” (London, 1777,) pp. 87, 88, note.[417]Novanglus, or a History of the Dispute with America, written in 1774: Works, Vol. IV. p. 37.[418]Historical Memoirs of his own Time, (London, 1836,) Vol. III. p. 347.[419]Letter of Miss Catherine Louisa Shipley, August 2, 1785: Franklin’s Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. X. p. 220.[420]Letter of Same, December 24, 1788: Ibid., pp. 379, 380.[421]Letter to Same, April 27, 1789: Ibid., p. 391.[422]One of London and another of New York are in the Congressional Library. The New York copy has the pencil lines of Mr. Webster, marking what he calls “remarkable passages,” used by him in his “Address at the Laying of the Corner-Stone of the Addition to the Capitol, 4th July, 1851”: Works, Vol. II. p. 597.[423]Letter to the Earl of Shelburne, October 24, 1773: Correspondence, Vol. IV. p. 302.[424]Letter to Miss C. L. Shipley, April 27, 1789: Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. X. p. 391.[425]Luke, ii. 14.[426]Sermon, (Boston, 1773,) p. 5.[427]Sermon, pp. 7, 8.[428]Ibid., pp. 8, 9.[429]Sermon, p. 9.[430]Ibid., p. 14.[431]Ibid., pp. 15, 16.[432]Ibid., p. 16.[433]Sermon, p. 11.[434]Letter to Mr. Coombe, July 22, 1774: Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. VIII. p. 124.[435]Speech, (London, 1774,) p. 15.[436]Ibid., p. 27.[437]Ibid., p. 31.[438]Speech, pp. 32, 33.[439]Chalmers, Biographical Dictionary, art.Tucker.[440]Tucker’s Letter to Burke, (Glocester, 1775, 2d edit.,) title-page.[441]Ibid., p. 6.[442]See Letter to Burke, 1775, 2d edit., p. 5; Humble Address, 1775, 2d edit., p. 8; and Series of Answers to Popular Objections, 1776, pp. xii, 97. For the matter thus repeatedly and long complained of, see Burke’s Speech on American Taxation, April 19, 1774: Works, (Boston, 1865-67,) Vol. II. pp. 56, 57.[443]Letter from a Merchant in London, (London, 1766,) pp. 19, 20.[444]Letter from a Merchant in London, p. 42.[445]Ibid., pp. 43, 54.[446]The Fourth Tract was published separately in Philadelphia, in 1776, with this addition to the title.[447]True Interest of Great Britain: Four Tracts, (3d edit., Glocester, 1776,) pp. 161, 162.[448]Ibid., pp. 196, 197.[449]True Interest of Great Britain: Four Tracts, (3d edit.,) pp. 201, 202.[450]Ibid., pp. 202, 203.[451]Ibid., pp. 218, 219.[452]Ibid., p. 221.[453]Humble Address, (2d edit.,) p. 5.[454]Ibid., p. 29.[455]Ibid., p. 47.[456]Bacon’s Essays, ed. Whately, (London, 1858,) pp. 548, 549.[457]Lectures on Modern History, ed. Sparks, (Cambridge, 1841,) Lecture XXXII., Vol. II. p. 377.[458]Cui Bono? (3d edit.,) p. 96.[459]Cui Bono? (3d edit.,) pp. 117-119.[460]Considerations on the Measures carrying on with respect to the British Colonies in North America (1774). A Further Examination of our Present American Measures, and of the Reasons and the Principles on which they are founded (1776). Peace the Best Policy (1777).[461]Lectures on Modern History, ed. Sparks, Lecture XXXII., Vol. II. pp. 380-383.[462]Considerations, (2d edit.,) p. 66.[463]Considerations, (2d edit.,) p. 72.[464]February, 1774, Vol. L. p. 135.[465]The American Coachman: Works, Vol. I. p. 205. The editor, not regarding this little poem as a jest, says of it: “The author, with that conciseness as to the matter and humor in the manner so peculiar to himself, recommends and supports the Dean’s plan.”[466]American Independence, (Philadelphia, 1776,) title-page.[467]Ibid., Letter VI., March 27, 1774, p. 65.[468]Ibid., p. 66.[469]Ibid., p. 68.[470]Observations on Man, Part II., Propositions 81, 82.[471]Disraeli’s Curiosities of Literature, (Boston, 1859,) Vol. IV. p. 174:Prediction.[472]Diary, April 19, 1778: Works, Vol. III. p. 137.[473]Letter to Arthur Lee, April 12, 1783: Ibid., Vol. IX. p. 517.[474]Diary, April 27, 1783: Ibid., Vol. III. p. 363.[475]Letter to Secretary Livingston, April 14, 1783: Ibid., Vol. VIII. p. 54.[476]Letter, July 13, 1780: Ibid., Vol. VII. p. 226.[477]Speech, March 27, 1775: Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 553.[478]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 556.[479]Ibid., col. 846.[480]Ibid., col. 1050.[481]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 1049.[482]Speech on the American Prohibitory Bill, December 21, 1775: Ibid., col. 1104, 1105.[483]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 1356.[484]Clarkson’s History of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade, (Philadelphia, 1808,) Vol. I. pp. 167, 170.[485]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XIX. col. 258-260.[486]Ibid., Vol. XIX. col. 315.[487]Ibid., Vol. XX. col. 904.[488]Ibid., Vol. XX. col. 1190.

[326]Ibid., p. liv, note.

[327]Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxxiii.

[328]Ibid., p. xxxiv.

[329]Sainte-Beuve, Causeries du Lundi, Tom. XII. p. 105:Le Marquis d’Argenson. Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. p. xxxvii.

[330]Journal et Mémoires, Tom. I., Introduction, p. xliii; Appendice, p. 363.

[331]Pensées sur la Réformation de l’État: Journal et Mémoires, Introduction, Tom. I. pp. lv, lvi.

[332]Ibid. Compare p. lvi, notes 1 and 2; p. iv, note 2; and p. xvii, note.

[333]Letter to Dr. Price, March 22, 1778: Price’s Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, (London, 1785,) App., p. 98.

[334]Ibid., p. 93.

[335]Condorcet, Vie de Turgot: Œuvres, éd. O’Connor et Arago, (Paris, 1847-49,) Tom. V. p. 209.

[336]Ibid., p. 213.

[337]Œuvres, éd. Dupont de Nemours, (Paris, 1808-11,) Tom. II. p. 66. Ibid., éd. Daire, (Paris, 1844,) Tom. II. p. 602.

[338]De l’Esprit des Lois, Liv. XIX. ch. 27.

[339]Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 802.

[340]Ibid., pp. 557, 581, 564. Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. VIII. pp. 337, 338.

[341]Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, Appendix.

[342]Works, Vols. IV.-VI., where (IV. 278-281) is found the larger part of the letter of Turgot.

[343]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 96, 97. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 808.

[344]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., p. 100. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 809.

[345]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 102, 103. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. pp. 809, 810.

[346]“Should the morals of the English be perverted by luxury, should they lose their colonies by restraining them, &c., they will be enslaved, they will become insignificant and contemptible; and Europe will not be able to show the world one nation in which she can pride herself.”—Motto on title-page of Price’s second tract on Civil Liberty, from Raynal,Histoire Philosophique et Politique, Liv. XIX.

[347]Price, Observations on the Importance of the American Revolution, App., pp. 103-105. Turgot, Œuvres, éd. Daire, Tom. II. p. 810.

[348]Memoires, Vol. I. p. 344.

[349]Ibid., p. 347. See also Letter to Sir Horace Mann, October 6, 1754: Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. II. p. 398.

[350]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 57.

[351]Journal of the Reign of George III. from 1771 to 1783, ed. Doran, Vol. I. p. 366.

[352]Ibid., p. 491. See Speech of Earl of Sandwich in the House of Lords, March 15, 1775: Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 446.

[353]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 279.

[354]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VI. p. 450.

[355]Ibid., Vol. VII. pp. 12, 13.

[356]Ibid., pp. 14, 15.

[357]Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. VII. pp. 176, 177.

[358]Works, Vol. I. pp. 23, 24. See also Vol. IX. pp. 591-593.

[359]Works, Vol. I. pp. 24-26.

[360]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 447.

[361]Ibid., Vol. I. p. 66.

[362]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 451.

[363]Ibid., Vol. I. p. 66; Vol. III. p. 452.

[364]Works, Vol. I. p. 66.

[365]Ibid., Vol. III. p. 448.

[366]Works, Vol. I. pp. 230, 232.

[367]Works, Vol. VII. pp. 226, 227.

[368]Twenty-Six Letters upon Interesting Subjects respecting the Revolution of America, written in Holland in the Year 1780: Works, Vol. VII. pp. 274, 275.

[369]Works, Vol. VII. p. 250.

[370]Letter to Edmund Jenings: Ibid., Vol. IX. pp. 509, 510.

[371]Gibbon, Life, ed. Milman, (London, 1839,) p. 231, Chap. VII., Notes and Additions.

[372]Alexander Keith Johnston, Physical Atlas, (edit. 1856,) p. 114, note.

[373]Works of John Adams, Vol. VII. p. 254.

[374]Works, Vol. VII. pp. 255, 256.

[375]Works, Vol. VIII. p. 322.

[376]Ibid., p. 333.

[377]Ibid., Vol. IV. pp. 292, 293.

[378]Works, Vol. VI. p. 218.

[379]Writings of Jefferson, Vol. VI. p. 258.

[380]Works, Vol. X. p. 282.

[381]Webster, Discourse in Commemoration of the Lives and Services of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson, delivered in Faneuil Hall, Boston, August 2, 1826: Works, Vol. I. p. 139.

[382]Page 8.

[383]Page 18.

[384]Page 21.

[385]Page 22.

[386]Page 24.

[387]Page 27.

[388]April, 1777.

[389]July, 1777.

[390]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XIX. col. 346.

[391]Ibid., col. 351.

[392]Ibid., col. 847.

[393]The Plains of Abraham, Notes Original and Selected, by Lieutenant-Colonel R. E. Beatson.

[394]History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, (London, 1858-65,) Vol. V. p. 557.

[395]History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Vol. V. p. 558.

[396]Speech in the House of Commons, February 8, 1850: Hansard’s Parliamentary Debates, 3d Ser., Vol. CVIII. col. 537.

[397]Remarks of Mr. Parkman: Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society, 1869-70, p. 113.

[398]Letter to the Countess of Ossory, November 8, 1789: Letters, ed. Cunningham, Vol. IX. p. 234.

[399]Mémoires de M. le Duc de Choiseul, écrits par lui-même, et imprimés sous ses Yeux dans son Cabinet à Chanteloup en 1778. 2 Tom. Chanteloup et Paris, 1790.

[400]Essai sur les Avantages à retirer de Colonies nouvelles dans les Circonstances présentes, par le Citoyen Talleyrand, lu à la Séance publique de l’Institut National, le 25 Messidor, An V. See Historical Characters, by Sir Henry Lytton Bulwer, Vol. I. p. 461, Appendix.

[401]Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. V. p. 193; VI. pp. 25, 67.

[402]Ibid., Vol. VI. pp. 95, 96.

[403]Bancroft, History of the United States, Vol. VI. pp. 169, 170.

[404]Ibid., p. 237.

[405]Ibid., pp. 244, 245.

[406]Ibid., p. 245.

[407]Histoire Philosophique et Politique des Établissemens et du Commerce des Européens dans les deux Indes.

[408]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Genève, 1780,) Liv. XIX. ch. 15.

[409]Notes on Virginia, Query VI.: Writings, Vol. VIII. p. 312.

[410]Liv. XVIII. ch. 32.

[411]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Amsterdam, 1772,) Liv. XVIII. Tom. VI. p. 379.

[412]Ibid., pp. 426, 427.

[413]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Amsterdam, 1772,) Liv. XVIII. Tom. VI. pp. 427, 428.

[414]Histoire Philosophique et Politique, (Genève, 1780,) Liv. XVIII. ch. 51, Tom. IX. pp. 369, 370.

[415]Ibid., Liv. XVIII. ch. 52, pp. 373, seqq.

[416]Dr. Price, in his second tract, “Additional Observations on the Nature and Value of Civil Liberty and the War with America,” (London, 1777,) pp. 87, 88, note.

[417]Novanglus, or a History of the Dispute with America, written in 1774: Works, Vol. IV. p. 37.

[418]Historical Memoirs of his own Time, (London, 1836,) Vol. III. p. 347.

[419]Letter of Miss Catherine Louisa Shipley, August 2, 1785: Franklin’s Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. X. p. 220.

[420]Letter of Same, December 24, 1788: Ibid., pp. 379, 380.

[421]Letter to Same, April 27, 1789: Ibid., p. 391.

[422]One of London and another of New York are in the Congressional Library. The New York copy has the pencil lines of Mr. Webster, marking what he calls “remarkable passages,” used by him in his “Address at the Laying of the Corner-Stone of the Addition to the Capitol, 4th July, 1851”: Works, Vol. II. p. 597.

[423]Letter to the Earl of Shelburne, October 24, 1773: Correspondence, Vol. IV. p. 302.

[424]Letter to Miss C. L. Shipley, April 27, 1789: Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. X. p. 391.

[425]Luke, ii. 14.

[426]Sermon, (Boston, 1773,) p. 5.

[427]Sermon, pp. 7, 8.

[428]Ibid., pp. 8, 9.

[429]Sermon, p. 9.

[430]Ibid., p. 14.

[431]Ibid., pp. 15, 16.

[432]Ibid., p. 16.

[433]Sermon, p. 11.

[434]Letter to Mr. Coombe, July 22, 1774: Works, ed. Sparks, Vol. VIII. p. 124.

[435]Speech, (London, 1774,) p. 15.

[436]Ibid., p. 27.

[437]Ibid., p. 31.

[438]Speech, pp. 32, 33.

[439]Chalmers, Biographical Dictionary, art.Tucker.

[440]Tucker’s Letter to Burke, (Glocester, 1775, 2d edit.,) title-page.

[441]Ibid., p. 6.

[442]See Letter to Burke, 1775, 2d edit., p. 5; Humble Address, 1775, 2d edit., p. 8; and Series of Answers to Popular Objections, 1776, pp. xii, 97. For the matter thus repeatedly and long complained of, see Burke’s Speech on American Taxation, April 19, 1774: Works, (Boston, 1865-67,) Vol. II. pp. 56, 57.

[443]Letter from a Merchant in London, (London, 1766,) pp. 19, 20.

[444]Letter from a Merchant in London, p. 42.

[445]Ibid., pp. 43, 54.

[446]The Fourth Tract was published separately in Philadelphia, in 1776, with this addition to the title.

[447]True Interest of Great Britain: Four Tracts, (3d edit., Glocester, 1776,) pp. 161, 162.

[448]Ibid., pp. 196, 197.

[449]True Interest of Great Britain: Four Tracts, (3d edit.,) pp. 201, 202.

[450]Ibid., pp. 202, 203.

[451]Ibid., pp. 218, 219.

[452]Ibid., p. 221.

[453]Humble Address, (2d edit.,) p. 5.

[454]Ibid., p. 29.

[455]Ibid., p. 47.

[456]Bacon’s Essays, ed. Whately, (London, 1858,) pp. 548, 549.

[457]Lectures on Modern History, ed. Sparks, (Cambridge, 1841,) Lecture XXXII., Vol. II. p. 377.

[458]Cui Bono? (3d edit.,) p. 96.

[459]Cui Bono? (3d edit.,) pp. 117-119.

[460]Considerations on the Measures carrying on with respect to the British Colonies in North America (1774). A Further Examination of our Present American Measures, and of the Reasons and the Principles on which they are founded (1776). Peace the Best Policy (1777).

[461]Lectures on Modern History, ed. Sparks, Lecture XXXII., Vol. II. pp. 380-383.

[462]Considerations, (2d edit.,) p. 66.

[463]Considerations, (2d edit.,) p. 72.

[464]February, 1774, Vol. L. p. 135.

[465]The American Coachman: Works, Vol. I. p. 205. The editor, not regarding this little poem as a jest, says of it: “The author, with that conciseness as to the matter and humor in the manner so peculiar to himself, recommends and supports the Dean’s plan.”

[466]American Independence, (Philadelphia, 1776,) title-page.

[467]Ibid., Letter VI., March 27, 1774, p. 65.

[468]Ibid., p. 66.

[469]Ibid., p. 68.

[470]Observations on Man, Part II., Propositions 81, 82.

[471]Disraeli’s Curiosities of Literature, (Boston, 1859,) Vol. IV. p. 174:Prediction.

[472]Diary, April 19, 1778: Works, Vol. III. p. 137.

[473]Letter to Arthur Lee, April 12, 1783: Ibid., Vol. IX. p. 517.

[474]Diary, April 27, 1783: Ibid., Vol. III. p. 363.

[475]Letter to Secretary Livingston, April 14, 1783: Ibid., Vol. VIII. p. 54.

[476]Letter, July 13, 1780: Ibid., Vol. VII. p. 226.

[477]Speech, March 27, 1775: Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 553.

[478]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 556.

[479]Ibid., col. 846.

[480]Ibid., col. 1050.

[481]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 1049.

[482]Speech on the American Prohibitory Bill, December 21, 1775: Ibid., col. 1104, 1105.

[483]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XVIII. col. 1356.

[484]Clarkson’s History of the Abolition of the African Slave-Trade, (Philadelphia, 1808,) Vol. I. pp. 167, 170.

[485]Hansard’s Parliamentary History, Vol. XIX. col. 258-260.

[486]Ibid., Vol. XIX. col. 315.

[487]Ibid., Vol. XX. col. 904.

[488]Ibid., Vol. XX. col. 1190.

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