errorm.error, mistakeescaleraf.staircaseescalónm.stepescándalom.scandal; astonishmentescapar(se)escapeescaso, -ascanty, triflingescenaf.scene, stageesclavom.slaveescogerchooseescoltaf.escortescoltarescortesconderhideescondido, -a(pp. ofesconder) hiddenEscorialm.the Escorial,see noteescorpiónm.scorpionescribam.scribeescribirirreg.writeescrito, -a(pp. irreg. ofescribir) writtenescritom.writing, manuscript; paperescucharlisten, hearken to, hearescudriñarscrutinize, examineescupirspitese, -a,pl.esos, -as, that (near person addressed); thoseése, -a,pl.ésos, -as, that one, thoseesenciaf.essenceesforzarseirreg.make efforts, struggleesfuerzom.effortesothat;~ esthat is right;por ~for that reason, that is whyespaciom.space, place; interval of time;en breve ~quicklyespadaf.swordespaldaf.back, shoulders;a ~ s deback of, behind;a la ~at the back, in the rear, up stage;llevar a la ~carry, wear on one's backespantajom.scarecrowespantarterrify, frightenespantom.consternation, fright, wonderEspañaf.Spainespañol, -aSpanishespañolm.Spaniardespectrom.specter, shadeespejom.mirroresperanzaf.hopeesperarawait, expect, hopeespíam. f.spyespíritum.spiritesposaf.wifeesposom.husbandespumaf.foam;~ swaves, seasesquinaf.corneresquivarshun, avoid, evadeestadom.state, nationestallarburstestarirreg.be; suit, become;está bienall right;~ parabe about to;no estáhe is not hereeste, -a,pl.estos, -as, this, theseéste, -a,pl.éstos, -as, this one, these; the latterestimaresteem;~ en muchovalue highlyestothisestorbarmolest, prevent, interfere with, blockestorbom.obstacle, hindranceestragom.damageestrambotem.verses added to a sonnet or other metrical combination for the sake of greater emphasis or humor; envoyestrellaf.star; destiny;con mala ~ill-starredestrellarsebe dashed to pieces, be shivered, be shatteredestremecerseirreg.shudderestrenarsebe presented for the first time (of a drama)estrujarpress, crush, crumpleestudiom.studyestupendo, -astupendouseternidadf.eternityeterno, -aeternalEuropaf.Europeevitaravoid, shun, saveexagerado, -a(pp. ofexagerar) exaggeratedexaltaciónf.exaltation, passionexaminarexamine, investigateexcelenciaf.excellence; Excellency (usual title given to persons high in office or of istinction)excelenteexcellentexcelso, -ahigh, sublimeexcusado, -a(pp. ofexcusar) excused, reserved;calle ~unfrequented streetexcusarexcuse, omitexecrarexecrate, abominateexhortarexhort, admonishexigirdemandexistenciaf.existenceexistirexistexpedito, -afree, openexperienciaf.experienceexpirarexpireexplicarexplainexpresarexpressexpresiónf.expressionexquisito, -aexquisiteexteriorexterior, outsideextinguido, -a(pp. ofextinguir) extinguished, extinctextinguirextinguishextranjero, -aforeign, strangeextranjerom.foreigner, strangerextrañarmarvel at, astonish;~ se demarvel atextrañezaf.strangeness; surprise, wondermentextraño, -astrange, singular, extravagant, foreignextraordinario, -aextraordinaryextravíom.deviation; disordercon ~incoherentlyextremo, -aextreme;en ~extremelyfácileasyfachadaf.façadefalsificarfalsify, forgefalso, -afalsefaltarbe lacking, fail;lo que de Dios os faltawhat God has in store for youfamaf.fame, reputationfamiliaf.. familyfamoso, -afamous; great, excellentfarolm.lanternfarolillom.(dimin. offarol) little lanternfascinarfascinatefastidiom.annoyancefatalfatal, ominousfausto, -ahappy, prosperousfavorm.favorfavoritom.favoritefazf.facefef.faith;a ~in truth, in good earnest;por mi ~ de caballeroon my sacred honor, on my word as a gentlemanfebrerom.Februaryfelicidadf.happinessFelipePhilipfeliz(pl.felices) happy, that brings happinessferocidadf.ferocityferoz(pl.feroces) ferocious, wild, savage, rebelliousfestejom.feast, entertainmentfielfaithful, trustworthyfijamentefixedlyfijarse enfix eyesorattention onfijo, -afixedfilaf.rank, row, filefilosofíaf.philosophyfinm. and f.end, conclusion; purpose;al ~ y al caboafter all is said and done, finally;dar ~finish;en ~finally, after all, in short;a ~ de quein order that;por ~finallyfinalm.conclusionfinezaf.delicacy, favorfirmaf.signaturefirmarsignfirmefirm, steadyFlandesm.Flandersflorf.flowerfondom.background (center), bottom, back (of stage)formaf.formformarformfortunaf.fortune, chance;por ~perchanceforzado, -a(pp. offorzar) forcedfrágilfragile, frail, weakFranciscoproper namefrasef.phrase, sentencefrenesím.frenzyfrentef.forehead, brow;en ~ dein front of, opposite;al ~ dein front of, at the beginning of;~ a ~face to facefrescuraf.coolness, tranquillityfrialdadf.coldness;con ~coldlyfrío, -acoldfrioleraf.triflefrotarrubfrutom.fruitfuegom.fireFuenterrabíasee notefueraoutside;~ deoutside of, beyond, away from, besides;~ de síbeside himselffuertestrong, powerful; bitterfuerzaf.force, strength, violence;es ~it is necessaryfugaf.flight, escapefugaz(pl.fugaces) fleetingfunesto, -asinister, fatalfuribundo, -afuriousfurioso, -afuriousfurorm.furyfuturo, -afuturegalaf.parade, present, honorgalángallantgalánm.gallantgaleríaf.galleryganaf.desire;de mala ~unwillingly, reluctantlyganado, -a(pp. ofganar) won; winnerganargain, conquer, wingansom.gooseGasparproper namegastarspend, waste; wear, use (habitually); act, behave (e.g.~ mal humorbe ill-humored)gemidom.groan, moangemirirreg.groan; suffergeneralgeneralgeneralm.generalgeneroso, -agenerous, noblegeniom.genius, character, temper, humor; embodimentgentef.people, mengestom.face, expressionGirónproper namegloriaf.glory;ni en la ~not even in heaven itself, what could be better?glorioso, -agloriousgobernador, -agovernorgobernarirreg.govern, rulegobiernom.governmentgolpem.blow, wound, shock, thrustgotaf.dropgozar en,de,orconrejoice in, enjoy, revel ingozom.joy, rejoicing, keen pleasuregrabarengravegraciaf.grace, wit, joke; favor;~ sthanks;~ s a Diosthank heaven;por ~for a joke;hacer ~ aplease, amuse;tener ~be witty, be funnygracioso, -afree, graceful, easy;gracioso porteeasy carriagegradaf.step, stair;~ s perrongraderíaf.stepsgrajom.jackdawgranseegrandegrandegreat, largegrandezaf.greatness, eminencegratitudf.gratitudegreyf.flockgrillosm. pl.fetters, ironsgritom.shout, crygrotesco, -agrotesquegrupom.groupguardarguard, protect, keep, watch over;guárdeos Diosfarewell;~ silencioremain silentguardarropaf.wardrobe, clothes-pressguardarropíaf.wardrobe (theatrical)guardiaf.guard, policeman;ponerse en ~put one's self on one's guardguerraf.warguiarguide, leadgustom.pleasure;a vuestro ~to your liking;de ~with pleasureGuzmánfamily name;el de ~=el Conde-Duque de Olivareshaberirreg.have;~ dehave to, be to, must;hay, había,etc.there is, there are,etc.;~ menesterhave need of;hay(etc.)queit is necessary, one must;qué ha habidowhat has happened;no ha muchonot long agohábilcapable, clever, cunninghabilidadf.ability, cunninghabitaciónf.room, apartment, suite of roomshábitom.habit, custom; dress; insignia, orderhablarspeak, talk, discuss;qué hablará consigo mismowhat can he be muttering to himself;~ para sitalk to one's selfhacerirreg.do, make, act, cause, have;~ sebecome;se hace tardeit is getting late;hace(in impers. expr. of time) ago;~ agualeak;~ compañíaaccompany;~ la corte ado honor to, pay court to;~ crucescross one's self;~ graciaplease, amuse;~ presentepresent, state, bring to one's attention;~ votovow;~ una salvafire a salutehaciatoward;~ aquíin this directionhalagüeño, -aattractive, alluring, flatteringhallarfind;~ sebe (estar)hambref.hungerharto, -asatiatedhartoenoughhastaas far as, until, towards, even to, even;~ queuntilhazañaf.deedhecho(pp. irreg. ofhacer)hechom.deed, fact, actionhelado, -a(pp. ofhelar) frozen, chilledheredarinheritherederom.heir;príncipe ~crown princeheririrreg.wound, strikehermanaf.sister;prima ~first cousinhermanom.brotherhermoso, -abeautifulheroico, -aheroicheroísmom.heroismhidalgom.noblemanhielf.bitterness, gallhielom.icehierbaf.grasshierrom.iron, steel; swordhijom.son, childhipocresíahypocrisy, dissimulationhipócritam.hypocriticalhistoriaf.history, story, fable, tale, yarn; rot!hojaf.leaf;~ sleaves of (folding or sliding) doorholahello, hoholgarse deirreg.take pleasure inhombrem.manhombrom.shoulderhondo, -adeep, dark;honda querellabitter complainthonorm.honorhonraf.honorhonrarhonorhonroso, -ahonorable, creditablehoraf.hour, appointed time;es ~ de queit is time that;a estas ~ snow, at this momenthorcaf.gallowshorizontem.horizonhorrendo, -adreadful, hideoushorriblehorriblehorrorm.horror;qué ~how horriblehostilidadf.hostilityhoyto-day;~ mismothis very day;de ~ en másfrom now on, henceforthhuirseirreg.flee, escapehumanidadf.humanityhumano, -ahumanhumedecerirreg.moisten; grow wet, grow moisthúmedo, -adamp, wethumildehumblehumillaciónf.humiliation, abjectnesshumillado, -a(pp. ofhumillar) humiliated, humbledhumillarhumble, crush, degradehumom.smokehumorm.humor;de mal ~ill-humoredly;estar de ~be in good humorhundirplunge, crush;~ secrumble, collapseideaf.ideaidealidealídemidem, the sameignorarbe ignorant of, be in ignoranceigualequal, similar, fairijarm.flank, sideiluminado, -a(pp. ofiluminar) illuminatediluminarilluminateilusiónf.illusionilustreillustrious, gloriousimagenf.imageimaginarimagineimaginario, -aimaginaryimbécilimbecile, madimbécilm.imbecile, assimitarimitateimpacienciaf.impatienceimpacientarsegrow impatientimpacienteimpatientimpasibleimpassible, motionlessimperialimperialimperiom.empire, command, imperiousness;con ~arrogantly, in commanding toneimperioso, -aimperious, commandingimpío, -aimpious, wickedimponerirreg.imposeimportarbe of importance, matter, concern;importe que importematter what it may, at any rateimportuno, -aunseasonable, annoyingimposibleimpossibleimpostorm.impostorimproviso, -aunexpected, unforeseen;de ~suddenly, unexpectedlyimpuro, -aimpure, unfaithfulincapaz(pl.-ces) incapableincauto, -aincautious, rashincertidumbref.uncertaintyincisivo, -aincisiveinclinaciónf.inclination, bowinclinarsebowínclito, -arenowned, illustriousincorporarsejoin, mingle withindagarinvestigate, inquireindependienteindependentindiferenciaf.indifferenceindignado, -a(pp. ofindignar) indignant, angryindispuesto, -aindisposed, unwellinédito, -aunpublishedInésproper nameinevitableinevitableinfameinfamous, abominableinfamiaf.infamyinfante, -ainfante, infanta (legitimate child of Spanish royal blood)infelizunhappy, wretchedinferirirreg.inferinfernalinfernal, hellishinfiernom.hellinfinito, -ainfinite;as adv.immeasurablyinfluirirreg.influence, exercise influenceinfructuoso, -afruitless, vaininfundirimbue with, inspireingeniom.talent, cleverness, brilliancyiniquidadf.iniquity, wickednessinjusto, -aunjustinmediatamenteimmediately, instantlyinmenso, -aimmense, unbounded, infiniteinmóvilmotionlessinocenciaf.innocenceinocenteinnocentinquietudf.disquietude;con ~restlesslyinquiririrreg.inquire into, investigateinsistir (en)insist (upon)instantáneo, -ainstantaneousinstantem.instantinsulso, -astupid, insipidinsultarinsultinsultom.insultintacto, -aintact, untouchedinteligenciaf.intelligenceintenciónf.intention, meaningintentartry, intend, meanintentom.intent, purpose, designintercalado, -a(pp. ofintercalar) interpolatedintercalarinterpolate, insertinterceptarinterceptinterésm.interest, advantageinteriorinterior, insideinteriorm.interiorinterpretarinterpretinterrumpirinterruptintroducirirreg.introduce, lead ininundarinundate, floodinútiluseless;me era ~I had no occasion forinvenciónf.invention, fabricationinvocarinvokeirirreg.go; be (with pres. part.);~ sego away;vaseexit;vamoscome, why;vayacome, well, indeed;vaya unwhat a;~ a(infin.) start to;vamos a otra cosalet's talk of something else;van ya muchos años queit is many years now since;todo va bieneverything is all right;muy bien os va conyou are making fine progress with;id con DiosGod be with you, good-by;va de tahur a tahurit is gambler against gambler;va que se le lleva el airehe goes as if he were walking on air;se nos fué de entre las manosslipped from our graspironíaf.ironyirónicamenteironicallyirónico, -aironicalirresistibleirresistibleirritarirritate;~ sebe stirred, be provoked, be arousedislaf.islandítemalso, moreover;con el ~with the additional circumstanceizquierdo, -aleft (opp. ofderecho)jahajamásnever, everjardínm.gardenjaspeado, -a(pp. ofjaspear) spotted, mottledJesucristoJesus Christ; good God!JesúsJesus; Lord!jornadaf.journey, expedition; occasion;nuestra es la ~the day is ours;al fin de la ~the day's work donejovenyoungjovialjovialjoyaf.jeweljoyelm.jewelJuanJohnjúbilom.jubilation, joyJudásJudas (Iscariot)juevesm.Thursday;~ santoMaundy Thursdayjugarirreg.playjuglarm.buffoonjuguetón, -aplayful, sportivejuiciom.judgment, opinion; good sense, prudence;perder el ~lose one's head, go madjunto, -anear, close, beside;~ stogether, side by side;~ abeside, near, at the side ofjurarswearjurom.right of perpetual property;~ de heredadhereditary and perpetual propertyjusticiaf.justicejusto, -ajust, right, properjuzgarjudge, considerlathe; her, it; to her, to itlabiom.liplaborf.labor, undertaking;~ de mujerembroidery, needleworklabradorm.laborer, workmanlacio, -afaded, flaccid, languidladom.sideLa Granaproper namelágrimaf.tearlancem.incident, situation, affair, quarrellanzarhurl;~ serush, dartlanzónm. (augm. oflanza) great lancelargo, -along;a paso ~quickly, hurriedlylarguezaf.largess, generositylástimaf.pity;~ quewhat a pity that;es ~it is a pitylastimarsegrieve, complainlaterallaterallatidom.beat, beating (of heart)laurelm.laurellazom.bondlehim, it; to him, to her, to itlealloyal, truelealtadf.loyaltylectorm.readerlecturaf.readingleerreadlejano, -adistantlenguaf.tonguelentamenteslowlylentitudf.slowness, deliberationLeónm.city in northwestern part of Spainletraf.letterletrillaf.rondelet; usually humorous or satirical. It is divided into strophes, at the end of each of which the general thought of the composition is briefly repeated after the manner of a refrainlevantado, -a(pp. oflevantar) raisedlevantarraise;~ seriseleveslightleyf.law;de ~by law, by right;sin dios y sin ~godless and lawlesslibrarfreelibrefree, unoccupiedlibrom.booklidf.contest, fightlidiarfightligero, -alight, hasty, thoughtlesslimpio, -aclean, neat;sacar en ~find out definitely, come to a conclusionlíneaf.linelinternaf.lanternLisboaf.Lisbonliso, -asmoothlisonjaf.flattery, complimentlisonjero, -aflattering, complimentary, agreeableliteraf.litter, stretcherliviano, -alight, fickle, frivolousloit, him; theloco, -amad, crazylograrobtain, succeed in, attainLuciferLuciferluchaf.strugglelucharstruggle, fight, contendluegosoon, then, presently, at once;~ queas soon as, when;hasta ~good-by (implies only a short separation)lúgubresad, mournful, gloomylunaf.moonlutom.mourningluzf.light;lucesknowledge, enlightenmentllamarcall, summon;~ sebe called, namedllanamentefranklyllano, -aclear, evidentllantom.weeping, tearsllavef.keyllegararrive, approach, reach;~ seapproach;~ a(infin.) come to, succeed inlleno, -afullllevarcarry, bear, wear;~ setake, carry off;~ un golpereceive a blow;lleve tu palabra el diabloto the devil with what you've got to sayllorarweep, lamentmadref.motherMadridm.Madridmaestrom.teacher, tutormagínm.fancy, imaginationmajestadf.majestymalbadly, ill;~ seguro, -aunsafe, insecuremalm.evil, harm, ill;por mi ~to my injury, to my misfortune, to my sorrowmaldadf.wickednessmaldecirirreg.cursemaldito, -a(pp. irreg. ofmaldecir) cursed, accursedmaliciosamentemaliciously, mischievouslymalicioso, -amalicious, mischievous, slymal(o), -abad, poor, ill, wickedmalvado, -awicked, unscrupulousmallaf.coat of mailmancebíaf.brothelmandarcommand, ordermandatom.order, commandmandíbulaf.jaw;reírse a ~ s batienteslaugh loud and longmandom.command, biddingmaneraf.mannermanifestarirreg.manifestmaniobraf.maneuvermanof.handmansiónf.mansionmanso, -atame, meek, placidmantenerirreg.maintain, keep;~ secontinuemantom.mantle, cloakMantuaf.Mantuamañaf.skill, cunningmañanato-morrowmañanaf.morning;~ será otro díato-morrow things will be differentmaquinaciónf.machinationmaquinalmentemechanicallymarm.sea;pl.seas, watersmarcado, -a(pp. ofmarcar) markedmarchaf.march, departure;en ~marchmarcharmarch;~ sego awayMargaritaproper namemaridom.husbandmarquésm.marquisMarteMars, god of warmártirm. and f.martyrmartiriom.martyrdommasbutmásmore, most, further; of higher rank;~ bienrather;a ~further, besides;de hoy en ~from now on, henceforth;mientras ~... ~the more... the more;por ~ quehowever muchmatadorm. and adj.killer, murderer; murderously inclinedmatarkill; put out, extinguishmaterno, -amaternalmatrimoniom.matrimony, marriagemayor(comp. ofgrande) greater, greatestmazaf.object fastened to a person's clothing in order to make sport of him; something noisy tied to dog's tailmeme, to meMedinaproper namemedio, -ahalf, middlemediom.middle, means, resort;en ~ dein the middle ofmeditarmeditatemejillaf.cheekmejor(comp. ofbueno) better, best; all the better; fine!~ que ~better than ever! great!mejoreom.advantage; constant use of the wordmejormejoríaf.betterment, advantage; improvement, superioritymemoriaf.memorymemorialm.petitionMendañaproper namemendigarbegmenesternecessarymenguaf.diminution, wane; disgrace, shamemeninaf.little girl-in-waitingmenor(comp. ofpequeño) smaller, less, leastmenos(comp. ofpoco) less, least; of lower rank;por ~at least;al ~at least;lo ~at least;no es para ~ la cosathe situation well warrants itmenosexceptmentalmentalmentef.mind, understanding, intelligencementirirreg.lie, misrepresent, attribute falselymentiraf.lie, untruth; liesmeollom.brain, marrow; understanding;tener seco el ~have lost one's wits, have gone crazymercedf.favor, gracemerecerirreg.deserve; receive a favor at the hands ofmeriendaf.lunch; food;siempre las memorias son ~ del olvidomemories were ever food for forgetfulnessmesm.monthmesaf.table, deskmesetaf.landing (of stairs)metrallaf.grape-shotmezquino, -awretchedmimymímemiedom.fear;tener ~be afraidmientraswhile; during;~ quewhile;~ más (menos)... más (menos)the more (less)... the more (less)milthousand, a thousandmilitarmilitary, martialmillónm.million, a millionminaf.mineministrom.minister;~ de EstadoSecretary of Stateminutom.minutemío, -amy;el mío, la mía,minemiradaf.glance, gaze, lookmirarlook at, regard, gaze upon, see;mira queconsider that, remember thatmisaf.massmisericordiaf.mercymísero, -amiserable, wretched;~ dealas formismísimo, -aselfsame;el ~ diablothe very devil himselfmismo, -aself, same, verymisteriom.mystery, mysteriousness, secrecymitadf.half; middle, midstmodelom.modelmodom.way, manner;de cualquier ~in any way possible;en cierto ~in a certain sense;de ~ queso that, in such a way that;con discretos ~ scleverlymofaf.mockery, ridiculemomentom.moment, instant;al ~instantly, at oncemonarcam.monarchmontaf.importance, momentmontem.mountainmontónm.heap;a ~ esin great abundancemonumentom.monumentmoradaf.abode, dwellingmorarlive, dwellmordazaf.gagmoribundo, -amoribund, at point of deathmoririrreg.die;~ sediemortalmortal; near deathmostrarirreg.showmovimientom.movement, motionmucho, -amuch;pl.manymuchomuch, very, greatlymudarchange;~ dechange one'smudo, -amute, silentmueblem.piece of furnituremuertef.death;a ~ o a vidalife or death! a forlorn hopemuerto, -a(pp. irreg. ofmorirormatar) dead, killed; exhaustedmuestraf.sample; sign, indicationmujerf.womanmundom.worldmurallaf.wall (of town)musaf.muse, inspirationmustio, -asad; languidmuyvery, very muchnacerirreg.be bornnaciónf.nationnadanothing, anything; enoughnadieno one, nobody, anybody, somebodynarizf.nosenarizado, -abig-nosednarraciónf.narration, narrative, accountNasónPublius Ovidius Naso, Latin poet, born 48b.c., died 18a.d.naturalnaturalnaturalidadf.naturalnessnavíom.shipnecesario, -anecessarynecesitarneednecio, -afoolish, ignorant, stupidneciom.foolnefando, -aabominablenegarirreg.denynegociom.business, affair, occupationnegro, -ablack, dark, gloomy, wretched;negro afándire anxietynemaf.sealnequáquamby no means, not a bit of itninor, neither, not even;~ aunnot evennichom.nichenidom.nest; berthnietaf.granddaughternietom.grandsonniñaf.child, girlniñom.child, boynivelm.levelnono, notnoblenoble, illustriousnochef.night;de ~at night;esta ~to-night;buenas ~ sgood night;~ de truenosstormy night, black nightnombrarname, appointnombrem.name, fame, reputation;en su ~for him;juro a mi ~upon my honornosus, to usnosotros, -aswe, usnotarnotenotom.south windnotorio, -anotorious;público y ~seepúbliconubef.cloud;~ s de arrebolbrilliant skynuestro, -aour, ours;el nuestro, la nuestra,our, oursnuevo, -anew, fresh;qué hay de ~what is the news;de ~again, anewnumenm.divinity, muse; inspirationnuncanevernunciom.messenger, harbingernupcialnuptialoor;~... ~either... orobedecerirreg.obeyobedienciaf.obedienceobedienteobedientobligaciónf.obligationobligaroblige, forceobraf.act;pl.behavior, actionsobraroperate, actobservaciónf.observation, remarkobservarobserveobtenerirreg.obtainOcañaf.see noteocasiónf.occasion;a ~ dichosaat just the right momentocioso, -aidleocultarhideoculto, -ahiddenocuparoccupy;~ se deoccupy one's self in, concern one's self aboutocurrenciaf.occurrence; witty sally, ideaocurriroccurochoeightodiarhateodiom.hatred;pl.hatredoficiom.business, office, occupationofrecerirreg.offer, volunteerohohoído, -a(pp. ofoír) heardoídom.hearing, earoírirreg.hear, listenojom.eyeolaf.waveOlivaresproper nameolvidado, -a(pp. ofolvidar) forgotten; forgetfulolvidarforget;~ se deforgetolvidom.forgetfulness; oblivionopiniónf.opinionoponer(se)irreg.opposeopuesto, -a(pp. ofoponer) oppositeoraciónf.speech; sentence; prayerorarprayórdenf.order, command, directionórganom.organorgullom.prideorigenm.originorillaf.shore;morir ahogado en la ~fail with success within one's graspOrmuzm.Ormuz,cf. noteorom.goldosyou, to youosado, -a(pp. ofosar) daring, presumptuousosardareoscuridadf.obscurity, darknessoscuro, -aobscure, dark;a oscurasin the darkOsorioproper nameostentoso, -aostentatiousOsunaOsuna,cf. Hist. Introd.otro, -aother, anotherOvidiocf.NasónPabloproper namepábulom.foodpadecerirreg.sufferpadecimientom.sufferingpadrem.fatherpadrónm.pattern, model; column, post with inscription;~ de infamiamark of infamypagaf.pay, rewardpagarpay, pay forpagom.pay, payment; feepajem.pagepajuelam.sulphur match; piece of wicking dipped in sulphurpalabraf.wordpalaciego, -aof the palacepalaciom.palacePalermom.Palermo,see notepálido, -apallid, palepalmaf.palmpalparfeelpanm.breadpapelm.paperpapelitom.(dimin. ofpapel) slip of paperparm.pair, equal, peer;sin ~unequaled, matchless;a ~togetherparafor, to, in order to;estar ~be about to;~ quein order to, in order thatparabiénm.congratulationspararstop, put a stop to;~ sestop, pausepardiezby Joveparecerirreg.seem;me pareceI think;al ~apparently;~ se aresembleparedf.wallparejaf.pair, coupleparentelaf.kindred, relationspárpadom.eyelidpartef.part, place, spot;en cualquier ~anywhereparticularparticular, special; personal, privatepartidaf.departure;¡de ~ !on our way!partirpart, divide; depart, start; sharepasarpass, happen; pierce; pass out;qué pasa por míwhat is happening to me, what is wrong with mepasearsewalk aboutpasiónf.passionpasom.step, passage, way;al ~immediately;a ~ largohurriedly, quickly;abrir ~make way for;cerrar el ~prevent, interfere;dar un ~take a step, move;dar ~make way;dejar ~let pass, make way forpatriaf.country, fatherlandpausaf.pausepazf.peace;venir de ~a friend (answer to challenge of sentry)pecarsin, errpechom.breast, chest; heartpedazom.piece, fragmentpedirirreg.ask, ask for, demandpedriscom.hailstorm; shower of stonespegado, -a(pp. ofpegar) fastened, joinedpejem.fish;~ espadaswordfishpeligrom.dangerpeligroso, -adangerouspenaf.pain, trouble, affliction, penaltypendientepending, hanging in air; unfinishedpensamientom.mind, thoughtpensarirreg.think, intendpensativo, -apensivepensiónf.pension, toilpeor(comp. ofmalo) worse, worstpequeño, -asmallpercancem.mischance, misfortunepercibirperceive, feel; collectperderirreg.lose, ruin;~ sebe ruined, be lostperdido, -a(pp. ofperder) lost, undoneperdónm.pardonperdonarpardonperegrino, -astrangeperfecciónf.perfectionperfectamenteperfectly; all right, well and goodpermanecerirreg.remainpermitido, -a(pp. ofpermitir) permittedpermitirpermitPernambucocf. noteperobutperpetuo, -aperpetualperrom.dogperseguirirreg.pursue, beset, persecutepersonaf.personpersonajem.personage; character (in theater)persuasiónf.persuasionpesado, -aheavy, stupid, seriouspesarweigh, cause regret, troublepesarm.regret, sorrow;a ~ dein spite of;a su ~in spite of herselfpesom.weightpesquisaf.search, inquirypeticiónf.petition, appealpicantepiquant, keen, stinging, hotpiem.foot;al ~ deat the foot of, beside;al ~ de la letraliterallypiedadf.mercy;por ~for pity's sakepilotom.pilotpintaf.edge line on card denoting suit; outward appearancepintado, -a(pp. ofpintar) painted;os está que ni ~nothing could be more becoming to youpintarcolor, paintpío, -apious, devoutpiropom.complimentpistaf.trail, track, cluepistolaf.pistolplacerirreg.please, content;plega a DiosGod grantplacerm.pleasure;ser de ~be agreeable, be enjoyableplanm.planplantarplant;~ se el sombreroput on one's hatplazaf.city squareplazom.space of time, termplazuelaf.(dimin. ofplaza) little squareplegariaf.prayer, petitionpleitom.lawsuit;estar en ~be in the courts, be in doubtpliegom.sheet of paper, folded paperplieguem.foldplomom.leadplugopret. ofplacerplumaf.feather, quill, penpobrepoor, wretchedpoco, -alittle,pl.few, a few, some;un pocoa little;poco a pocolittle by littlepoderirreg.can, be able, be able to do, be powerful;~ lo todobe all-powerful;no puedo másI have reached the end of my resources;puede queit is possible that;~ sebe possiblepoderm.powerpoderoso, -apowerfulpodrido, -a(pp. ofpodrir) rotten, decayedpodririrreg.decaypoetam.poetPolimniathe muse of pantomimepolvom.dustpólvoraf.powder;gastar la ~ en salvaswaste one's strengthpompaf.pompponerirreg.place, put, put on;~ sebecome;~ en claroclear up, explain;~ en salvosave;~ en escenastage;me ha puesto descolorido el semblantehas made me turn pale;~ presoput under arrestporby, for, in order to, from, for the sake of, through, over, on, in, about, around;~ debajobeneath;~ decirlo asíso to speak;~ esothat is why;~ finfinally;poner ~ obraexecute;~ este ladoon this side;~ el contrarioon the contrary;~ ciertocertainly, be sure;~ quéwhyporquebecause, for, in order thatportalm.portal, entrance, vestibuleportem.nobility; size, quality, nature; bearingPortugalm.Portugalportugués, -aPortugueseporvenirm.futurepos:en ~afterward, behind;en ~ deafterposadaf.inn, lodgingpostrerseepostreropostrero, -alast, finalpóstumo, -aposthumouspracticablepracticable, usablepreciom.priceprecipiciom.precipice; brinkprecipitaciónf.precipitationprecipitarserushpreciso, -anecessary, essentialpreeminenciaf.preëminencepreferenciaf.preferencepreferirirreg.preferpreguntaf.questionpreguntarask (question)premiom.reward, prizeprendaf.pledge, noble characteristicprenderirreg.arrest; fastenpreñado, -a(pp. ofpreñar) pregnant, charged withpreocupaciónf.preoccupationpreocupado, -a(pp. ofpreocupar) preoccupiedpreparado, -a(pp. ofpreparar) preparedprepararprepareprescribirirreg.prescribepresenciaf.presencepresenciarwitness, be present atpresentarpresent, bring forwardpresentepresent;hacerse ~make one's presence felt;tener ~bear in mindpresentem.present, giftpreso, -a(pp. irreg. ofprender) imprisoned, prisoner, in custodyprestarlend, furnishpresunciónf.assumptionpretenderpretend, claim, solicitprevenciónf.warning, prejudiceprevenido, -a(pp of.prevenir) prepared, arrangedprevenirirreg.prepare, provide; warn, notifyprimaf.cousin;~ hermanafirst cousinprimerseeprimeroprimero, -afirst, bestprimerofirst, beforeprimom.cousinprincipalprincipal, of high rank, of high importancepríncipem.prince
errorm.error, mistake
escaleraf.staircase
escalónm.step
escándalom.scandal; astonishment
escapar(se)escape
escaso, -ascanty, trifling
escenaf.scene, stage
esclavom.slave
escogerchoose
escoltaf.escort
escoltarescort
esconderhide
escondido, -a(pp. ofesconder) hidden
Escorialm.the Escorial,see note
escorpiónm.scorpion
escribam.scribe
escribirirreg.write
escrito, -a(pp. irreg. ofescribir) written
escritom.writing, manuscript; paper
escucharlisten, hearken to, hear
escudriñarscrutinize, examine
escupirspit
ese, -a,pl.esos, -as, that (near person addressed); those
ése, -a,pl.ésos, -as, that one, those
esenciaf.essence
esforzarseirreg.make efforts, struggle
esfuerzom.effort
esothat;~ esthat is right;por ~for that reason, that is why
espaciom.space, place; interval of time;en breve ~quickly
espadaf.sword
espaldaf.back, shoulders;a ~ s deback of, behind;a la ~at the back, in the rear, up stage;llevar a la ~carry, wear on one's back
espantajom.scarecrow
espantarterrify, frighten
espantom.consternation, fright, wonder
Españaf.Spain
español, -aSpanish
españolm.Spaniard
espectrom.specter, shade
espejom.mirror
esperanzaf.hope
esperarawait, expect, hope
espíam. f.spy
espíritum.spirit
esposaf.wife
esposom.husband
espumaf.foam;~ swaves, seas
esquinaf.corner
esquivarshun, avoid, evade
estadom.state, nation
estallarburst
estarirreg.be; suit, become;está bienall right;~ parabe about to;no estáhe is not here
este, -a,pl.estos, -as, this, these
éste, -a,pl.éstos, -as, this one, these; the latter
estimaresteem;~ en muchovalue highly
estothis
estorbarmolest, prevent, interfere with, block
estorbom.obstacle, hindrance
estragom.damage
estrambotem.verses added to a sonnet or other metrical combination for the sake of greater emphasis or humor; envoy
estrellaf.star; destiny;con mala ~ill-starred
estrellarsebe dashed to pieces, be shivered, be shattered
estremecerseirreg.shudder
estrenarsebe presented for the first time (of a drama)
estrujarpress, crush, crumple
estudiom.study
estupendo, -astupendous
eternidadf.eternity
eterno, -aeternal
Europaf.Europe
evitaravoid, shun, save
exagerado, -a(pp. ofexagerar) exaggerated
exaltaciónf.exaltation, passion
examinarexamine, investigate
excelenciaf.excellence; Excellency (usual title given to persons high in office or of istinction)
excelenteexcellent
excelso, -ahigh, sublime
excusado, -a(pp. ofexcusar) excused, reserved;calle ~unfrequented street
excusarexcuse, omit
execrarexecrate, abominate
exhortarexhort, admonish
exigirdemand
existenciaf.existence
existirexist
expedito, -afree, open
experienciaf.experience
expirarexpire
explicarexplain
expresarexpress
expresiónf.expression
exquisito, -aexquisite
exteriorexterior, outside
extinguido, -a(pp. ofextinguir) extinguished, extinct
extinguirextinguish
extranjero, -aforeign, strange
extranjerom.foreigner, stranger
extrañarmarvel at, astonish;~ se demarvel at
extrañezaf.strangeness; surprise, wonderment
extraño, -astrange, singular, extravagant, foreign
extraordinario, -aextraordinary
extravíom.deviation; disordercon ~incoherently
extremo, -aextreme;en ~extremelyfácileasy
fachadaf.façade
falsificarfalsify, forge
falso, -afalse
faltarbe lacking, fail;lo que de Dios os faltawhat God has in store for you
famaf.fame, reputation
familiaf.. family
famoso, -afamous; great, excellent
farolm.lantern
farolillom.(dimin. offarol) little lantern
fascinarfascinate
fastidiom.annoyance
fatalfatal, ominous
fausto, -ahappy, prosperous
favorm.favor
favoritom.favorite
fazf.face
fef.faith;a ~in truth, in good earnest;por mi ~ de caballeroon my sacred honor, on my word as a gentleman
febrerom.February
felicidadf.happiness
FelipePhilip
feliz(pl.felices) happy, that brings happiness
ferocidadf.ferocity
feroz(pl.feroces) ferocious, wild, savage, rebellious
festejom.feast, entertainment
fielfaithful, trustworthy
fijamentefixedly
fijarse enfix eyesorattention on
fijo, -afixed
filaf.rank, row, file
filosofíaf.philosophy
finm. and f.end, conclusion; purpose;al ~ y al caboafter all is said and done, finally;dar ~finish;en ~finally, after all, in short;a ~ de quein order that;por ~finally
finalm.conclusion
finezaf.delicacy, favor
firmaf.signature
firmarsign
firmefirm, steady
Flandesm.Flanders
florf.flower
fondom.background (center), bottom, back (of stage)
formaf.form
formarform
fortunaf.fortune, chance;por ~perchance
forzado, -a(pp. offorzar) forced
frágilfragile, frail, weak
Franciscoproper name
frasef.phrase, sentence
frenesím.frenzy
frentef.forehead, brow;en ~ dein front of, opposite;al ~ dein front of, at the beginning of;~ a ~face to face
frescuraf.coolness, tranquillity
frialdadf.coldness;con ~coldly
frío, -acold
frioleraf.trifle
frotarrub
frutom.fruit
fuegom.fire
Fuenterrabíasee note
fueraoutside;~ deoutside of, beyond, away from, besides;~ de síbeside himself
fuertestrong, powerful; bitter
fuerzaf.force, strength, violence;es ~it is necessary
fugaf.flight, escape
fugaz(pl.fugaces) fleeting
funesto, -asinister, fatal
furibundo, -afurious
furioso, -afurious
furorm.fury
futuro, -afuturegalaf.parade, present, honor
galángallant
galánm.gallant
galeríaf.gallery
ganaf.desire;de mala ~unwillingly, reluctantly
ganado, -a(pp. ofganar) won; winner
ganargain, conquer, win
gansom.goose
Gasparproper name
gastarspend, waste; wear, use (habitually); act, behave (e.g.~ mal humorbe ill-humored)
gemidom.groan, moan
gemirirreg.groan; suffer
generalgeneral
generalm.general
generoso, -agenerous, noble
geniom.genius, character, temper, humor; embodiment
gentef.people, men
gestom.face, expression
Girónproper name
gloriaf.glory;ni en la ~not even in heaven itself, what could be better?
glorioso, -aglorious
gobernador, -agovernor
gobernarirreg.govern, rule
gobiernom.government
golpem.blow, wound, shock, thrust
gotaf.drop
gozar en,de,orconrejoice in, enjoy, revel in
gozom.joy, rejoicing, keen pleasure
grabarengrave
graciaf.grace, wit, joke; favor;~ sthanks;~ s a Diosthank heaven;por ~for a joke;hacer ~ aplease, amuse;tener ~be witty, be funny
gracioso, -afree, graceful, easy;gracioso porteeasy carriage
gradaf.step, stair;~ s perron
graderíaf.steps
grajom.jackdaw
granseegrande
grandegreat, large
grandezaf.greatness, eminence
gratitudf.gratitude
greyf.flock
grillosm. pl.fetters, irons
gritom.shout, cry
grotesco, -agrotesque
grupom.group
guardarguard, protect, keep, watch over;guárdeos Diosfarewell;~ silencioremain silent
guardarropaf.wardrobe, clothes-press
guardarropíaf.wardrobe (theatrical)
guardiaf.guard, policeman;ponerse en ~put one's self on one's guard
guerraf.war
guiarguide, lead
gustom.pleasure;a vuestro ~to your liking;de ~with pleasure
Guzmánfamily name;el de ~=el Conde-Duque de Olivareshaberirreg.have;~ dehave to, be to, must;hay, había,etc.there is, there are,etc.;~ menesterhave need of;hay(etc.)queit is necessary, one must;qué ha habidowhat has happened;no ha muchonot long ago
hábilcapable, clever, cunning
habilidadf.ability, cunning
habitaciónf.room, apartment, suite of rooms
hábitom.habit, custom; dress; insignia, order
hablarspeak, talk, discuss;qué hablará consigo mismowhat can he be muttering to himself;~ para sitalk to one's self
hacerirreg.do, make, act, cause, have;~ sebecome;se hace tardeit is getting late;hace(in impers. expr. of time) ago;~ agualeak;~ compañíaaccompany;~ la corte ado honor to, pay court to;~ crucescross one's self;~ graciaplease, amuse;~ presentepresent, state, bring to one's attention;~ votovow;~ una salvafire a salute
haciatoward;~ aquíin this direction
halagüeño, -aattractive, alluring, flattering
hallarfind;~ sebe (estar)
hambref.hunger
harto, -asatiated
hartoenough
hastaas far as, until, towards, even to, even;~ queuntil
hazañaf.deed
hecho(pp. irreg. ofhacer)
hechom.deed, fact, action
helado, -a(pp. ofhelar) frozen, chilled
heredarinherit
herederom.heir;príncipe ~crown prince
heririrreg.wound, strike
hermanaf.sister;prima ~first cousin
hermanom.brother
hermoso, -abeautiful
heroico, -aheroic
heroísmom.heroism
hidalgom.nobleman
hielf.bitterness, gall
hielom.ice
hierbaf.grass
hierrom.iron, steel; sword
hijom.son, child
hipocresíahypocrisy, dissimulation
hipócritam.hypocritical
historiaf.history, story, fable, tale, yarn; rot!
hojaf.leaf;~ sleaves of (folding or sliding) door
holahello, ho
holgarse deirreg.take pleasure in
hombrem.man
hombrom.shoulder
hondo, -adeep, dark;honda querellabitter complaint
honorm.honor
honraf.honor
honrarhonor
honroso, -ahonorable, creditable
horaf.hour, appointed time;es ~ de queit is time that;a estas ~ snow, at this moment
horcaf.gallows
horizontem.horizon
horrendo, -adreadful, hideous
horriblehorrible
horrorm.horror;qué ~how horrible
hostilidadf.hostility
hoyto-day;~ mismothis very day;de ~ en másfrom now on, henceforth
huirseirreg.flee, escape
humanidadf.humanity
humano, -ahuman
humedecerirreg.moisten; grow wet, grow moist
húmedo, -adamp, wet
humildehumble
humillaciónf.humiliation, abjectness
humillado, -a(pp. ofhumillar) humiliated, humbled
humillarhumble, crush, degrade
humom.smoke
humorm.humor;de mal ~ill-humoredly;estar de ~be in good humor
hundirplunge, crush;~ secrumble, collapseideaf.idea
idealideal
ídemidem, the same
ignorarbe ignorant of, be in ignorance
igualequal, similar, fair
ijarm.flank, side
iluminado, -a(pp. ofiluminar) illuminated
iluminarilluminate
ilusiónf.illusion
ilustreillustrious, glorious
imagenf.image
imaginarimagine
imaginario, -aimaginary
imbécilimbecile, mad
imbécilm.imbecile, ass
imitarimitate
impacienciaf.impatience
impacientarsegrow impatient
impacienteimpatient
impasibleimpassible, motionless
imperialimperial
imperiom.empire, command, imperiousness;con ~arrogantly, in commanding tone
imperioso, -aimperious, commanding
impío, -aimpious, wicked
imponerirreg.impose
importarbe of importance, matter, concern;importe que importematter what it may, at any rate
importuno, -aunseasonable, annoying
imposibleimpossible
impostorm.impostor
improviso, -aunexpected, unforeseen;de ~suddenly, unexpectedly
impuro, -aimpure, unfaithful
incapaz(pl.-ces) incapable
incauto, -aincautious, rash
incertidumbref.uncertainty
incisivo, -aincisive
inclinaciónf.inclination, bow
inclinarsebow
ínclito, -arenowned, illustrious
incorporarsejoin, mingle with
indagarinvestigate, inquire
independienteindependent
indiferenciaf.indifference
indignado, -a(pp. ofindignar) indignant, angry
indispuesto, -aindisposed, unwell
inédito, -aunpublished
Inésproper name
inevitableinevitable
infameinfamous, abominable
infamiaf.infamy
infante, -ainfante, infanta (legitimate child of Spanish royal blood)
infelizunhappy, wretched
inferirirreg.infer
infernalinfernal, hellish
infiernom.hell
infinito, -ainfinite;as adv.immeasurably
influirirreg.influence, exercise influence
infructuoso, -afruitless, vain
infundirimbue with, inspire
ingeniom.talent, cleverness, brilliancy
iniquidadf.iniquity, wickedness
injusto, -aunjust
inmediatamenteimmediately, instantly
inmenso, -aimmense, unbounded, infinite
inmóvilmotionless
inocenciaf.innocence
inocenteinnocent
inquietudf.disquietude;con ~restlessly
inquiririrreg.inquire into, investigate
insistir (en)insist (upon)
instantáneo, -ainstantaneous
instantem.instant
insulso, -astupid, insipid
insultarinsult
insultom.insult
intacto, -aintact, untouched
inteligenciaf.intelligence
intenciónf.intention, meaning
intentartry, intend, mean
intentom.intent, purpose, design
intercalado, -a(pp. ofintercalar) interpolated
intercalarinterpolate, insert
interceptarintercept
interésm.interest, advantage
interiorinterior, inside
interiorm.interior
interpretarinterpret
interrumpirinterrupt
introducirirreg.introduce, lead in
inundarinundate, flood
inútiluseless;me era ~I had no occasion for
invenciónf.invention, fabrication
invocarinvoke
irirreg.go; be (with pres. part.);~ sego away;vaseexit;vamoscome, why;vayacome, well, indeed;vaya unwhat a;~ a(infin.) start to;vamos a otra cosalet's talk of something else;van ya muchos años queit is many years now since;todo va bieneverything is all right;muy bien os va conyou are making fine progress with;id con DiosGod be with you, good-by;va de tahur a tahurit is gambler against gambler;va que se le lleva el airehe goes as if he were walking on air;se nos fué de entre las manosslipped from our grasp
ironíaf.irony
irónicamenteironically
irónico, -aironical
irresistibleirresistible
irritarirritate;~ sebe stirred, be provoked, be aroused
islaf.island
ítemalso, moreover;con el ~with the additional circumstance
izquierdo, -aleft (opp. ofderecho)jaha
jamásnever, ever
jardínm.garden
jaspeado, -a(pp. ofjaspear) spotted, mottled
JesucristoJesus Christ; good God!
JesúsJesus; Lord!
jornadaf.journey, expedition; occasion;nuestra es la ~the day is ours;al fin de la ~the day's work done
jovenyoung
jovialjovial
joyaf.jewel
joyelm.jewel
JuanJohn
júbilom.jubilation, joy
JudásJudas (Iscariot)
juevesm.Thursday;~ santoMaundy Thursday
jugarirreg.play
juglarm.buffoon
juguetón, -aplayful, sportive
juiciom.judgment, opinion; good sense, prudence;perder el ~lose one's head, go mad
junto, -anear, close, beside;~ stogether, side by side;~ abeside, near, at the side of
jurarswear
jurom.right of perpetual property;~ de heredadhereditary and perpetual property
justiciaf.justice
justo, -ajust, right, proper
juzgarjudge, considerlathe; her, it; to her, to it
labiom.lip
laborf.labor, undertaking;~ de mujerembroidery, needlework
labradorm.laborer, workman
lacio, -afaded, flaccid, languid
ladom.side
La Granaproper name
lágrimaf.tear
lancem.incident, situation, affair, quarrel
lanzarhurl;~ serush, dart
lanzónm. (augm. oflanza) great lance
largo, -along;a paso ~quickly, hurriedly
larguezaf.largess, generosity
lástimaf.pity;~ quewhat a pity that;es ~it is a pity
lastimarsegrieve, complain
laterallateral
latidom.beat, beating (of heart)
laurelm.laurel
lazom.bond
lehim, it; to him, to her, to it
lealloyal, true
lealtadf.loyalty
lectorm.reader
lecturaf.reading
leerread
lejano, -adistant
lenguaf.tongue
lentamenteslowly
lentitudf.slowness, deliberation
Leónm.city in northwestern part of Spain
letraf.letter
letrillaf.rondelet; usually humorous or satirical. It is divided into strophes, at the end of each of which the general thought of the composition is briefly repeated after the manner of a refrain
levantado, -a(pp. oflevantar) raised
levantarraise;~ serise
leveslight
leyf.law;de ~by law, by right;sin dios y sin ~godless and lawless
librarfree
librefree, unoccupied
librom.book
lidf.contest, fight
lidiarfight
ligero, -alight, hasty, thoughtless
limpio, -aclean, neat;sacar en ~find out definitely, come to a conclusion
líneaf.line
linternaf.lantern
Lisboaf.Lisbon
liso, -asmooth
lisonjaf.flattery, compliment
lisonjero, -aflattering, complimentary, agreeable
literaf.litter, stretcher
liviano, -alight, fickle, frivolous
loit, him; the
loco, -amad, crazy
lograrobtain, succeed in, attain
LuciferLucifer
luchaf.struggle
lucharstruggle, fight, contend
luegosoon, then, presently, at once;~ queas soon as, when;hasta ~good-by (implies only a short separation)
lúgubresad, mournful, gloomy
lunaf.moon
lutom.mourning
luzf.light;lucesknowledge, enlightenmentllamarcall, summon;~ sebe called, named
llanamentefrankly
llano, -aclear, evident
llantom.weeping, tears
llavef.key
llegararrive, approach, reach;~ seapproach;~ a(infin.) come to, succeed in
lleno, -afull
llevarcarry, bear, wear;~ setake, carry off;~ un golpereceive a blow;lleve tu palabra el diabloto the devil with what you've got to say
llorarweep, lamentmadref.mother
Madridm.Madrid
maestrom.teacher, tutor
magínm.fancy, imagination
majestadf.majesty
malbadly, ill;~ seguro, -aunsafe, insecure
malm.evil, harm, ill;por mi ~to my injury, to my misfortune, to my sorrow
maldadf.wickedness
maldecirirreg.curse
maldito, -a(pp. irreg. ofmaldecir) cursed, accursed
maliciosamentemaliciously, mischievously
malicioso, -amalicious, mischievous, sly
mal(o), -abad, poor, ill, wicked
malvado, -awicked, unscrupulous
mallaf.coat of mail
mancebíaf.brothel
mandarcommand, order
mandatom.order, command
mandíbulaf.jaw;reírse a ~ s batienteslaugh loud and long
mandom.command, bidding
maneraf.manner
manifestarirreg.manifest
maniobraf.maneuver
manof.hand
mansiónf.mansion
manso, -atame, meek, placid
mantenerirreg.maintain, keep;~ secontinue
mantom.mantle, cloak
Mantuaf.Mantua
mañaf.skill, cunning
mañanato-morrow
mañanaf.morning;~ será otro díato-morrow things will be different
maquinaciónf.machination
maquinalmentemechanically
marm.sea;pl.seas, waters
marcado, -a(pp. ofmarcar) marked
marchaf.march, departure;en ~march
marcharmarch;~ sego away
Margaritaproper name
maridom.husband
marquésm.marquis
MarteMars, god of war
mártirm. and f.martyr
martiriom.martyrdom
masbut
másmore, most, further; of higher rank;~ bienrather;a ~further, besides;de hoy en ~from now on, henceforth;mientras ~... ~the more... the more;por ~ quehowever much
matadorm. and adj.killer, murderer; murderously inclined
matarkill; put out, extinguish
materno, -amaternal
matrimoniom.matrimony, marriage
mayor(comp. ofgrande) greater, greatest
mazaf.object fastened to a person's clothing in order to make sport of him; something noisy tied to dog's tail
meme, to me
Medinaproper name
medio, -ahalf, middle
mediom.middle, means, resort;en ~ dein the middle of
meditarmeditate
mejillaf.cheek
mejor(comp. ofbueno) better, best; all the better; fine!~ que ~better than ever! great!
mejoreom.advantage; constant use of the wordmejor
mejoríaf.betterment, advantage; improvement, superiority
memoriaf.memory
memorialm.petition
Mendañaproper name
mendigarbeg
menesternecessary
menguaf.diminution, wane; disgrace, shame
meninaf.little girl-in-waiting
menor(comp. ofpequeño) smaller, less, least
menos(comp. ofpoco) less, least; of lower rank;por ~at least;al ~at least;lo ~at least;no es para ~ la cosathe situation well warrants it
menosexcept
mentalmental
mentef.mind, understanding, intelligence
mentirirreg.lie, misrepresent, attribute falsely
mentiraf.lie, untruth; lies
meollom.brain, marrow; understanding;tener seco el ~have lost one's wits, have gone crazy
mercedf.favor, grace
merecerirreg.deserve; receive a favor at the hands of
meriendaf.lunch; food;siempre las memorias son ~ del olvidomemories were ever food for forgetfulness
mesm.month
mesaf.table, desk
mesetaf.landing (of stairs)
metrallaf.grape-shot
mezquino, -awretched
mimy
míme
miedom.fear;tener ~be afraid
mientraswhile; during;~ quewhile;~ más (menos)... más (menos)the more (less)... the more (less)
milthousand, a thousand
militarmilitary, martial
millónm.million, a million
minaf.mine
ministrom.minister;~ de EstadoSecretary of State
minutom.minute
mío, -amy;el mío, la mía,mine
miradaf.glance, gaze, look
mirarlook at, regard, gaze upon, see;mira queconsider that, remember that
misaf.mass
misericordiaf.mercy
mísero, -amiserable, wretched;~ dealas for
mismísimo, -aselfsame;el ~ diablothe very devil himself
mismo, -aself, same, very
misteriom.mystery, mysteriousness, secrecy
mitadf.half; middle, midst
modelom.model
modom.way, manner;de cualquier ~in any way possible;en cierto ~in a certain sense;de ~ queso that, in such a way that;con discretos ~ scleverly
mofaf.mockery, ridicule
momentom.moment, instant;al ~instantly, at once
monarcam.monarch
montaf.importance, moment
montem.mountain
montónm.heap;a ~ esin great abundance
monumentom.monument
moradaf.abode, dwelling
morarlive, dwell
mordazaf.gag
moribundo, -amoribund, at point of death
moririrreg.die;~ sedie
mortalmortal; near death
mostrarirreg.show
movimientom.movement, motion
mucho, -amuch;pl.many
muchomuch, very, greatly
mudarchange;~ dechange one's
mudo, -amute, silent
mueblem.piece of furniture
muertef.death;a ~ o a vidalife or death! a forlorn hope
muerto, -a(pp. irreg. ofmorirormatar) dead, killed; exhausted
muestraf.sample; sign, indication
mujerf.woman
mundom.world
murallaf.wall (of town)
musaf.muse, inspiration
mustio, -asad; languid
muyvery, very muchnacerirreg.be born
naciónf.nation
nadanothing, anything; enough
nadieno one, nobody, anybody, somebody
narizf.nose
narizado, -abig-nosed
narraciónf.narration, narrative, account
NasónPublius Ovidius Naso, Latin poet, born 48b.c., died 18a.d.
naturalnatural
naturalidadf.naturalness
navíom.ship
necesario, -anecessary
necesitarneed
necio, -afoolish, ignorant, stupid
neciom.fool
nefando, -aabominable
negarirreg.deny
negociom.business, affair, occupation
negro, -ablack, dark, gloomy, wretched;negro afándire anxiety
nemaf.seal
nequáquamby no means, not a bit of it
ninor, neither, not even;~ aunnot even
nichom.niche
nidom.nest; berth
nietaf.granddaughter
nietom.grandson
niñaf.child, girl
niñom.child, boy
nivelm.level
nono, not
noblenoble, illustrious
nochef.night;de ~at night;esta ~to-night;buenas ~ sgood night;~ de truenosstormy night, black night
nombrarname, appoint
nombrem.name, fame, reputation;en su ~for him;juro a mi ~upon my honor
nosus, to us
nosotros, -aswe, us
notarnote
notom.south wind
notorio, -anotorious;público y ~seepúblico
nubef.cloud;~ s de arrebolbrilliant sky
nuestro, -aour, ours;el nuestro, la nuestra,our, ours
nuevo, -anew, fresh;qué hay de ~what is the news;de ~again, anew
numenm.divinity, muse; inspiration
nuncanever
nunciom.messenger, harbinger
nupcialnuptialoor;~... ~either... or
obedecerirreg.obey
obedienciaf.obedience
obedienteobedient
obligaciónf.obligation
obligaroblige, force
obraf.act;pl.behavior, actions
obraroperate, act
observaciónf.observation, remark
observarobserve
obtenerirreg.obtain
Ocañaf.see note
ocasiónf.occasion;a ~ dichosaat just the right moment
ocioso, -aidle
ocultarhide
oculto, -ahidden
ocuparoccupy;~ se deoccupy one's self in, concern one's self about
ocurrenciaf.occurrence; witty sally, idea
ocurriroccur
ochoeight
odiarhate
odiom.hatred;pl.hatred
oficiom.business, office, occupation
ofrecerirreg.offer, volunteer
ohoh
oído, -a(pp. ofoír) heard
oídom.hearing, ear
oírirreg.hear, listen
ojom.eye
olaf.wave
Olivaresproper name
olvidado, -a(pp. ofolvidar) forgotten; forgetful
olvidarforget;~ se deforget
olvidom.forgetfulness; oblivion
opiniónf.opinion
oponer(se)irreg.oppose
opuesto, -a(pp. ofoponer) opposite
oraciónf.speech; sentence; prayer
orarpray
órdenf.order, command, direction
órganom.organ
orgullom.pride
origenm.origin
orillaf.shore;morir ahogado en la ~fail with success within one's grasp
Ormuzm.Ormuz,cf. note
orom.gold
osyou, to you
osado, -a(pp. ofosar) daring, presumptuous
osardare
oscuridadf.obscurity, darkness
oscuro, -aobscure, dark;a oscurasin the dark
Osorioproper name
ostentoso, -aostentatious
OsunaOsuna,cf. Hist. Introd.
otro, -aother, another
Ovidiocf.NasónPabloproper name
pábulom.food
padecerirreg.suffer
padecimientom.suffering
padrem.father
padrónm.pattern, model; column, post with inscription;~ de infamiamark of infamy
pagaf.pay, reward
pagarpay, pay for
pagom.pay, payment; fee
pajem.page
pajuelam.sulphur match; piece of wicking dipped in sulphur
palabraf.word
palaciego, -aof the palace
palaciom.palace
Palermom.Palermo,see note
pálido, -apallid, pale
palmaf.palm
palparfeel
panm.bread
papelm.paper
papelitom.(dimin. ofpapel) slip of paper
parm.pair, equal, peer;sin ~unequaled, matchless;a ~together
parafor, to, in order to;estar ~be about to;~ quein order to, in order that
parabiénm.congratulations
pararstop, put a stop to;~ sestop, pause
pardiezby Jove
parecerirreg.seem;me pareceI think;al ~apparently;~ se aresemble
paredf.wall
parejaf.pair, couple
parentelaf.kindred, relations
párpadom.eyelid
partef.part, place, spot;en cualquier ~anywhere
particularparticular, special; personal, private
partidaf.departure;¡de ~ !on our way!
partirpart, divide; depart, start; share
pasarpass, happen; pierce; pass out;qué pasa por míwhat is happening to me, what is wrong with me
pasearsewalk about
pasiónf.passion
pasom.step, passage, way;al ~immediately;a ~ largohurriedly, quickly;abrir ~make way for;cerrar el ~prevent, interfere;dar un ~take a step, move;dar ~make way;dejar ~let pass, make way for
patriaf.country, fatherland
pausaf.pause
pazf.peace;venir de ~a friend (answer to challenge of sentry)
pecarsin, err
pechom.breast, chest; heart
pedazom.piece, fragment
pedirirreg.ask, ask for, demand
pedriscom.hailstorm; shower of stones
pegado, -a(pp. ofpegar) fastened, joined
pejem.fish;~ espadaswordfish
peligrom.danger
peligroso, -adangerous
penaf.pain, trouble, affliction, penalty
pendientepending, hanging in air; unfinished
pensamientom.mind, thought
pensarirreg.think, intend
pensativo, -apensive
pensiónf.pension, toil
peor(comp. ofmalo) worse, worst
pequeño, -asmall
percancem.mischance, misfortune
percibirperceive, feel; collect
perderirreg.lose, ruin;~ sebe ruined, be lost
perdido, -a(pp. ofperder) lost, undone
perdónm.pardon
perdonarpardon
peregrino, -astrange
perfecciónf.perfection
perfectamenteperfectly; all right, well and good
permanecerirreg.remain
permitido, -a(pp. ofpermitir) permitted
permitirpermit
Pernambucocf. note
perobut
perpetuo, -aperpetual
perrom.dog
perseguirirreg.pursue, beset, persecute
personaf.person
personajem.personage; character (in theater)
persuasiónf.persuasion
pesado, -aheavy, stupid, serious
pesarweigh, cause regret, trouble
pesarm.regret, sorrow;a ~ dein spite of;a su ~in spite of herself
pesom.weight
pesquisaf.search, inquiry
peticiónf.petition, appeal
picantepiquant, keen, stinging, hot
piem.foot;al ~ deat the foot of, beside;al ~ de la letraliterally
piedadf.mercy;por ~for pity's sake
pilotom.pilot
pintaf.edge line on card denoting suit; outward appearance
pintado, -a(pp. ofpintar) painted;os está que ni ~nothing could be more becoming to you
pintarcolor, paint
pío, -apious, devout
piropom.compliment
pistaf.trail, track, clue
pistolaf.pistol
placerirreg.please, content;plega a DiosGod grant
placerm.pleasure;ser de ~be agreeable, be enjoyable
planm.plan
plantarplant;~ se el sombreroput on one's hat
plazaf.city square
plazom.space of time, term
plazuelaf.(dimin. ofplaza) little square
plegariaf.prayer, petition
pleitom.lawsuit;estar en ~be in the courts, be in doubt
pliegom.sheet of paper, folded paper
plieguem.fold
plomom.lead
plugopret. ofplacer
plumaf.feather, quill, pen
pobrepoor, wretched
poco, -alittle,pl.few, a few, some;un pocoa little;poco a pocolittle by little
poderirreg.can, be able, be able to do, be powerful;~ lo todobe all-powerful;no puedo másI have reached the end of my resources;puede queit is possible that;~ sebe possible
poderm.power
poderoso, -apowerful
podrido, -a(pp. ofpodrir) rotten, decayed
podririrreg.decay
poetam.poet
Polimniathe muse of pantomime
polvom.dust
pólvoraf.powder;gastar la ~ en salvaswaste one's strength
pompaf.pomp
ponerirreg.place, put, put on;~ sebecome;~ en claroclear up, explain;~ en salvosave;~ en escenastage;me ha puesto descolorido el semblantehas made me turn pale;~ presoput under arrest
porby, for, in order to, from, for the sake of, through, over, on, in, about, around;~ debajobeneath;~ decirlo asíso to speak;~ esothat is why;~ finfinally;poner ~ obraexecute;~ este ladoon this side;~ el contrarioon the contrary;~ ciertocertainly, be sure;~ quéwhy
porquebecause, for, in order that
portalm.portal, entrance, vestibule
portem.nobility; size, quality, nature; bearing
Portugalm.Portugal
portugués, -aPortuguese
porvenirm.future
pos:en ~afterward, behind;en ~ deafter
posadaf.inn, lodging
postrerseepostrero
postrero, -alast, final
póstumo, -aposthumous
practicablepracticable, usable
preciom.price
precipiciom.precipice; brink
precipitaciónf.precipitation
precipitarserush
preciso, -anecessary, essential
preeminenciaf.preëminence
preferenciaf.preference
preferirirreg.prefer
preguntaf.question
preguntarask (question)
premiom.reward, prize
prendaf.pledge, noble characteristic
prenderirreg.arrest; fasten
preñado, -a(pp. ofpreñar) pregnant, charged with
preocupaciónf.preoccupation
preocupado, -a(pp. ofpreocupar) preoccupied
preparado, -a(pp. ofpreparar) prepared
prepararprepare
prescribirirreg.prescribe
presenciaf.presence
presenciarwitness, be present at
presentarpresent, bring forward
presentepresent;hacerse ~make one's presence felt;tener ~bear in mind
presentem.present, gift
preso, -a(pp. irreg. ofprender) imprisoned, prisoner, in custody
prestarlend, furnish
presunciónf.assumption
pretenderpretend, claim, solicit
prevenciónf.warning, prejudice
prevenido, -a(pp of.prevenir) prepared, arranged
prevenirirreg.prepare, provide; warn, notify
primaf.cousin;~ hermanafirst cousin
primerseeprimero
primero, -afirst, best
primerofirst, before
primom.cousin
principalprincipal, of high rank, of high importance
príncipem.prince