PRINTED AT THE BURLINGTON PRESS, FOXTON, NEAR CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND.
Footnotes:
[1]English Grammar Schools, p. 10.
[2]Constit. Hist., p. 563.
[3]Montalembert:Monks of the West, I., 178.
[4]Green:Short History, Ch. I., sec. 3.
[5]Montalembert,op. cit.I., 23.
[6]Cf. Draper:Intellectual Development of Europe.
[7]Cf.Roman Society in the Last Century of the Western Empire.
[8]Regula S. Pachomii, cap. 139, 140.
[9]Regulae Fusius Tractatae, XV. Interrog. (Pat. Lat., v. 31, col. 952).
[10]Regulae Brevius Tractatae, Interrog. CCXCII.
[11]Regulae Brevius Tractatae, XXXVIII.
[12]Italy and Her Invaders, IV., 391.
[13]Chapter XLVIII.
[14]Etudes Monastiques, p. 18.
[15]H. E., V., 24.
[16]Haddon and Stubbs:Councils and Documents relating to Britain and Ireland, Vol. III, pp. 364-5.
[17]H. E., III., 27.
[18]H. E., III., 27.
[19]Sandys:History of Classical Scholarship, I., 52.
[20]“Eum innumerabilem librorum omnis generis copiam apportasse.”
[21]Alcuin.Ep., 13.
[22]H. E., V., 15.
[23]Monks of the West, IV., 464.
[24]H. E., V., 24.
[25]H. E., IV., 18.
[26]Sandys:History of Classical Scholarship, I., p. 53.
[27]Cf. Traill:Social England, I., p. 177. Bede:H. E., II., 20: III., 11.
[28]H. E., IV., 13.
[29]Smith and Wace:Dictionary of Christian Biography.
[30]H. E., IV., 13.
[31]Bede:Hist. Abb., V., cf.H. E., III., 4.
[32]Hist. Abb., V.
[33]Hist. Abb., V.
[34]H. E., IV., 13.
[35]Cf. “homo XIII. annorum sese potest servum facere” Theod.Penit.XIX., sec. 29.
[36]H. E., V., 5.
[37]H. E., IV., 13.
[38]H. E., III., 27.
[39]H. E., III., 5.
[40]H. E., III., 28.
[41]Aelfric,Homilies, vol. I., p. 261.
[42]H. E., V., 3.
[43]Hunt:Hist. of the Eng. Ch., p. 239.
[44]Cf. Medley,Constitutional History, p. 557.
[45]Op. cit., p. 13.
[46]Dill:Last Century of the Western Empire, p. 67.
[47]Erasmus, p. 73.
[48]Hodgson:Primitive Christian Education, p. 103.
[49]Jerome:Lives of Illustrious Men, Ch. VIII.
[50]Eusebius:H. E., VI., pp. 3, 26.
[51]Jerome:Lives of Illustrious Men, Ch. XXVIII.
[52]SermoCCCLV., sec. 2, 6, 7.
[53]Vita S. Augustini, c. 11.
[54]Theiner:Histoire des Institutions d’Education Ecclesiastique, v. 1, pp. 103-117.
[55]Bede,H. E., III., 18.
[56]Cf. Fischer de Chevrier:Histoire de l’Instruction Populaire en France, Ch. IV.; Mullinger:University of Cambridge, p. 11; Ampere:Histoire Littéraire de la France avant le Douzième Siècle, II., 278; Joly:Traité Historique des Ecoles Episcopales et Ecclésiastiques, pp. 144-599.
[57]I.e.the clergy of the Bishop of Hexham.
[58]H. E., V., 6.
[59]H. E., IV., 2.
[60]Mignet:Memoire sur la conversion de l’Allemagne par les Moines, p. 25.
[61]Sandys:History of Classical Scholarship, I., 451.
[62]H. E., V., 18.
[63]Aldhelmi Opera, ed. Giles, p. 96.
[64]De Pontiff. Ebor., lines 1431-1447, trans. by Munroe.
[65]Schs. of Charles the Great, p. 61.
[66]For capitulary of 787 and 789, see Pertz:Leges, I., pp. 52, 65; for that of 802, Pertz, I., 107; for translation seeSchools of Charles the Great, pp. 97-99.
[67]Mullinger:op. cit., p. 50.
[68]Alcuini Opera Omnia; Migne,Pat. Lat., Vols. C., CI.
[69]Alcuini Epistolae, Migne,Pat. Lat., 1851, Vol. C., p. 222.
[70]Heinemann:Statutes of 852, XI.Acts of the Province of Rheims, I., p. 211. Azarias:Essays Educational, p. 180.
[71]Mansi:Concilia, vol. IX., p. 790.
[72]Migne:Pat. Lat., vol. CV., p. 196.
[73]Alcuini Epistolae, ed. Migne,Pat. Lat., vol. C., p. 214.
[74]Social England, I., p. 141.
[75]Asserius,de Rebus Gestis Alfredi, ed. W. H. Stevenson, 1904.
[76]Stubbs:Memorials of St. Dunstan, p. 290;Chronicon Abbatiae Rameseiensis, p. 25.
[77]Aelfrici Grammatica Latino-Saxonica, p. 2.
[78]Stubbs,op. cit., pp. 10, 74, 256.
[79]Op. cit., p. 257.
[80]Op. cit., p. 4.
[81]Op. cit., p. 14.
[82]Op. cit., p. LXXXV.
[83]Wulfstan:Vita St. Aethelwoldi, Migne:Patrologia Cursus Complexus, CXXXVII., p. 87.
[84]Stubbs,Memorials, p. 214.
[85]Op. cit., p. 28, 46.
[86]Aelfric,op. cit., p. 1.
[87]Stubbs,op. cit., p. 101;Chron. Mon. de Abingdon, I., p. 129.
[88]Chron. Abbat. Ram., p. 42.
[89]Vita Sancti Abbonis, Migne,Pat. Cur. Com., CXXXIX., p. 390.
[90]Chron. Abb. Ram., p. XXVII.
[91]Stubbs,op. cit., XVIII, XIX.
[92]Stubbs,op. cit., pp. 28, 46.
[93]Op. cit., p. 261.
[94]Wulfstan, pp. 91, 95.
[95]See below, p.38.
[96]Chron. Abb. Ram., pp. 112, 113.
[97]C. 940-1006.
[98]Ed. Ch., p. 39.
[99]Ed. Ch., p. 43.
[100]P. 30.
[101]Ancient Laws, p. 396.
[102]Hist. Ch. York, I., p. 404.
[103]Chron. Abb. Ram., p. 21.
[104]English Society in the Eleventh Century, p. 373.
[105]Op. cit., p. 143.
[106]D. d. I., f. 68, Ellis, I., 332.
[107]I., f. 1546, Ellis, I., 304.
[108]I., f. 149, Ellis, I., 267. See alsoTimes’ Educational Supplement, 10th Oct., 1918.
[109]Hermanus:De Miraculis Sancti Eadmundi, sec. 16 in Mem. of St. Edmund’s Abbey (R. S.) p. 46.
[110]“Publicas instituens scholas.”
[111]Memorials of St. Edmund’s Abbey, p. 126.
[112]1060. SeeTractatus de inventione Sante Crucis, ed. W. Stubbs, 1861.
[113]Ibid., p. 15. These customs were probably due to the influence of the reforms instituted by Chrodegang of Metz. We may assume that the Godwin family supported the secular clergy in opposition to the regular clergy who followed Edward the Confessor from Normandy.
[114]Ibid., p. 35.
[115]Ibid., p. 35.
[116]Adams:Civilisation in the Middle Ages, p. 197.
[117]Traill:Social England, I., p. 257.
[118]Traill,op. cit., I., p. 243.
[119]Advocated by Kemble in hisSaxons in England.
[120]Econ. Hist., I., p. 20.
[121]Thorold Rogers:Agriculture and Prices in England, vol. II., pp. 613, 615, 616.
[122]Ashley, I., p. 42.
[123]Ibid., p. 34.
[124]Meredith:Econ. Hist., p. 49.
[125]Cf. Leach:English Schools at the Reformation. Holman:English National Education.
[126]Winchester College, p. 92.
[127]SeeBook III., Ch. I.
[128]See p.37.
[129]De Gestis Regum Anglorum, II., 304.
[130]Böhmer:Kirche und Staat in England und in der Normandie, p. 113, n. 1.
[131]Ibid., p. 107.
[132]See Bateson:Medieval England, Ch. IV.
[133]Böhmer:Op. cit., pp. 3-24.
[134]Cf. Pignet:Histoire de l’Ordre de Cluny, III., p. 41. Maitland:The Dark Ages, pp. 375, 389, 390.
[135]Cf. D’Achery,Spicilegium, IV., 4-226.
[136]Cf.Constitutiones Lanfranci.
[137]Cf.Gesta Abbatum Monasterii Sancti Albani, I., p. 52.
[138]Wm. of Malmesbury,De Gestis Pontificum, p. 249.
[139]Martini et Durand:Thesaurus Anecdotorum, I., 511; quoted Graham,Trans. Hist. Soc., XVII.
[140]Gesta S. Albani, I., p. 57.
[141]Ibid., pp. 76, 184, 192.
[142]De Gestis Pontificum, p. 431.
[143]Ibid., p. 194.
[144]Ibid., p. 32.
[145]Chron. Mon. de Abingdon, II., 44, 289. See alsoHist. Intro. Rolls Series, ed. Stubbs, p. 43; Rashdall,Universities, II., p. 476; J. Willis Clark,The Care of Books, p. 74;De Gestis Regum, I., pp. xx-xxii.
[146]The case for the non-existence of schools in connection with monasteries is effectively set out by Mr. G. G. Coulton in hisMonastic Schools of the Middle Ages.
[147]See Lanfranc,Opera, ed. Giles, I., 296. Cf.L’Abbaye du Bec et ses Ecolespar M. L’Abbé Porrée.
[148]Migne,Patrologia Cursus Completus, CLXXXIX., 1051.
[149]Coulton,op. cit., p. 3.
[150]Gesta S. Albani, I., 73.
[151]Ibid., I., 196.
[152]Mem. St. Edmund’s Abbey, I., 77, 78, 145.
[153]Ibid., p. 296.
[154]Ibid., p. 249.
[155]Cf.Mem. St. Edmund’s, III., 182.
[156]See pp.85,86,105, infra.
[157]Foundation of Waltham Abbey, pp. 15, 35.
[158]Monasticon, VI., pt. I., p. 79.
[159]Ibid., VI., pt. II., p. 615.
[160]Ibid., VI., pt. I., pp. 304, 305.
[161]Abbot of S. Albans, 1183-1195.
[162]Gesta S. Albani, I., p. 194.
[163]1195-1214.
[164]Ibid., p. 217.
[165]Mem. S. Edmund’s Abbey, XLIII.
[166]H. E., III., 18.
[167]Early English Church History, p. 125.
[168]Foster Watson:Old Grammar Schools, p. 2.
[169]Op. cit., p. 2.
[170]Op. cit., pp. 58, 59.
[171]In theCyclopaedia of EducationMr. Leach points out that there are three passages in Livy alone (XXX., 17; XXXV., 23; XLI., 6) in which “libera” is used in the sense of free from payment.
[172]Report of Schools’ Inquiry Commission, pp. 122, 123.
[173]Art. “Free Schools,”Cyclopaedia of Education.
[174]Cf. “cockpennies.” See p.113, infra.
[175]Linc. Chapter Act, Bk. A.2.30:Ed. Ch.p. 386.
[176]V. C. H., Notts, II., 216,Ed. Ch.235,Epis. Reg. York, Romanus, X., 75.
[177]Stat. of the Realm, ed. 1819, IV., pt. II., sec. 8.
[178]Chancery Warrants, Series I., file 1439,Ed. Ch., 412.
[179]Izacke’s MS.:Memorials of the City of Exeter, fo. 178seq.; reprinted Parry:Founding of Exeter School, pp. 104-112.
[180]Op. cit., p. 66.
[181]Ed. Ch., p. 273.
[182]H. E., IV., 18.
[183]H. E., IV., 12.
[184]Yorkshire Schools, vol. II., p. 116.
[185]Yorkshire Schools, II., 61.
[186]Ibid., p. 62.
[187]Ibid., 87.
[188]Ibid., p. 85. Cf. with the appointments recorded in pp. 62 and 87.
[189]Ibid., p. 87.
[190]E. S. R., II., p. 31.
[191]Ibid., p. 31.
[192]Ibid., p. 34.
[193]C. 700.
[194]Hunt:English Church, p. 202.
[195]Yorkshire Schools, II., 89.
[196]For additional particulars, see article on “Writing” in theCyclopaedia of Education.
[197]Rashdall,Univ., I., p. 283. Mansi,Concilia, XXII., ch. 228.
[198]Dec. V. it. 5:Ed. Ch., pp. 142-145.
[199]“Quum primum adolescens admodum studiorum causa migrassem in Gallias.”Metal., Bk. II., ch. 10.
[200]Cf.Reg. Pontissera, f. 55;Ed. Ch., p. 232.
[201]1308-9.
[202]Cutts:Parish Priests, p. 46.
[203]“Erat enim apud nos sub patruo suo amabili et amicabili educatus, et decenter eruditus.”Hist. Ch. of York, II., 124.
[204]For additional references to the Chancellor’s School of Theology at St. Paul’s, see reprint in Archaeol., vol. 62, pt. 1, p. 219 of deeds in St. Paul’s Mun. Box. 21, No. 621 and 865; Gregory’sChronicle(Camden Soc. N. S. XVII., 1876, ed. J. Gairdner) p. 230: and Register of Bishop Fitz-James, f. 127 b., printed in Sparrow Simpson’sRegistrum Statutorum, p. 413.
[205]Ep. Reg. Linc., Rot. Hug. de Wells, III., 101.
[206]Hist. Ch. of York, II., p. 162.
[207]Reprinted inArchaeol., vol. 62, pt. I., p. 211.
[208]Deed reprinted inArchaeol., vol. 62, pt. I., p. 211.
[209]Statutes of the Ch. of York, p. 6; Sparrow Simpson,Registrum Statutorum, p. 413.
[210]Hist. Ch. of York, III., 320;Corpus Juris Canonis, ed. H. L. Richter, Dec. V. tit. 5;Ed. Ch., p. 143.
[211]Mansi:Concilia, I., 415.
[212]Ep. Reg. Lincoln., III., 101.
[213]Dec. V., tit. 5, ch. 2.Ed. Ch., p. 119.
[214]1159-1181.
[215]Ed. Ch., p. 119.
[216]Ed. Ch., p. 123; see also Rashdall, II., p. 283; Mansi, XXII., c. 228.
[217]Decretal V., tit. 5, cap. IV.
[218]Ed. Ch., p. 145.
[219]Ed. Ch., p. 123, from Decretal V., tit. 5, cap. I.
[220]H. E., III., 18; IV., 1;Hist. Ch. of York, I., p. 390.
[221]Mem. St. Ed. Abbey, I., 46-7.
[222]Tractatus de inventione Crucis, p. 15.
[223]History of Warwick Sch.
[224]Early Yorkshire Schools, II., 1.
[225]P. R. O. Anc. Deeds, 1073,Ed. Ch., p. 69.
[226]V. C. H., Hants, II., 251.
[227]Hist. Ch. of York, I., 281.
[228]Gesta Abbatum Mon. St. Alb., I., 72.
[229]V. C. H., Suffolk, II., 303.
[230]Ed. Ch., p. 93.
[231]Ibid.
[232]V. C. H., Berks, II., 245.
[233]V. C. H., Gloucester, II., 355.
[234]V. C. H., Derby, II., 209.
[235]V. C. H., Beds, II., 152.
[236]V. C. H., Northampton, II., 234.
[237]Ed. Ch., p. 152.
[238]Mem. Southwell Minster, XLI.
[239]Ibid., p. 205.
[240]V. C. H., Notts, II., 216.
[241]V. C. H., Lincs., II., 449.
[242]Archaeol., v. 62, pt. I., p. 211.
[243]Statutes of the Ch. of York, p. 6.
[244]V. C. H., Lincs., II., 423.
[245]Mem. of Beverley Min., p. 292.
[246]Hist. War. Sch., p. 66.
[247]Statutes of the Ch. of York, p. 5.
[248]A.D.529.
[249]A.D.797.
[250]A.D., C. 960.
[251]Decret. Greg.IX., Lib. III., tit. 1: Rashdall,Univ.II., p. 601.
[252]Wilkins,Concilia, I., p. 270,Ed. Ch., p. 139. Cf. this with Theodulf’s Capitularies of 797. See p.30supra, and Mullinger, Schs. of Charles the Great, p. 130.
[253]Univ.II., p. 602.
[254]Op. cit., ed. Thomas, p. 79.
[255]A.D.1212-1294.
[256]Opera Inedita, ed. Brewer, p. 398.
[257]Mem. St. Edmund’s Abbey, I., p. 248.
[258]Polycraticus, II., 28, ed. Giles, p. 155.
[259]Oxford Hist. Soc. Collectanea, II., 156.
[260]Op. cit., p. 49.
[261]Chron. Jocelyn de Brakelonde, p. 3.
[262]V. C. H., Derbyshire, II., 213, from Cott. Mss. Titus, C. IX., f. 58.
[263]Beverley Chapter Act Bk.(Surtees Soc.) Vol. I., p. 293.
[264]Reprinted inArchaeol.vol. 62., pt. I., p. 198.
[265]York Chapter Act Bk.I., f. 25 b.
[266]Sparrow Simpson:Registrum Statutorum, pt. V., ch. 8; Brit. Mus.,Harl. MSS., 1080.
[267]See Reynold’sWells, pp. CLXXX-V.
[268]Statutes of the Ch. of York, p. 5.
[269]Registrum Antiquissimum Linc., Chap. Mun. A 2, 26, fol. 10. b.V. C. H., Lincs.I., 424. Similar appointments are recorded in 1427 and 1432.Reg. Antiq. Lincs., fol. 67 b.
[270]Yorkshire Schools, II., p. 110.
[271]Hist. Ch. of York, I., 281.
[272]Dugd. Mon.III., 405.
[273]Early Yorkshire Schools, II., 1.
[274]Hist. Warwick Sch., p. 5, from Chartul. S. Mary’s, Warwick, G. R. Eccl. Misc. Bks. 22.
[275]Cal. Pat., 12 Rich. II., pt. 2, m. 10;Ed. Ch., p. 77.
[276]P. R. O., Cart. antiq. H., No. 18;Ed. Ch., p. 93.
[277]Charter Roll, II., Henry III., pt. 1, m. 27;Ed. Ch., p. 93.
[278]Chancery Warrents, Series 1, file 1439;Ed. Ch., p. 413. Dealing with this grant of a monopoly of school keeping to Eton College, Mr. Leach remarks “The remarkable invasion of ecclesiastical jurisdiction, to which alone the grants and still more the enforcement of the monopoly of endowed schools belonged,” etc.Schs. Med. Eng., p. 259. Mr. Leach is in error here. The grant of the monopoly of school keeping was a civil matter.
[279]Pat., 24, Hen. VI., pt. II., m. 28.
[280]Rot. Parl., V., 137.
[281]Ibid.
[282]Privy Council Register, vol. VI.; Parry,Founding of Exeter School, pp. 101-112.
[283]Supra, p. 96.
[284]V. C. H., Gloucester, II., 315, from Rot. Chart., p. 7.
[285]Registrum Brev., 35.
[286]Quoted by de Montmorency:State Intervention, p. 16.
[287]Ed. Ch., p. 91 from St. Paul’s Mun. Press A., Box 60, No. 48.
[288]Surtees Society, vol. 98. See I., pp. 42, 48, 102, 113, etc.
[289]Op. cit., p. 102.
[290]Epis. Joh. Saresberiensis, ed. Giles, No. 19.
[291]The text of the “Gloucester School Case” is to be found in the Year Book of the eleventh year of Henry IV., p. 47. It is reprinted as an appendix to de Montmorency,State Intervention, pp. 241-242. Mr. de Montmorency would seem to be in error in his interpretation of the decision.
[292]Supra, p. 96.
[293]It is interesting to note here that the maintenance of a monopoly was insisted upon by civic authorities no less than by ecclesiastical persons.
[294]Chapter Act Book, Lincoln, 1406-7.V. C. H., Lincs., II., 426.
[295]Hist. Warwick School, p. 66.
[296]Linc. Chapter Act Bk., A. 2. f. 2;Ed. Ch., p. 237.
[297]Reg. John Whethamstede, II., 305.
[298]Hist. Mon. Glouc., III., 290.
[299]SeeRites of Durham, (Surtees Society) p. 81.
[300]Abingdon Obedientaries Accounts, 1375-6; Camden Soc.
[301]Roger Prior’s Reg., V., 261 b.
[302]Statutes of the Abbey of Bury St. Edmunds. B. M. Harl. MSS. 1005, fol. 95.b., Trans.,V. C. H. Suffolk.II., 307. For other instances of appointments of schoolmasters by abbots, seeGesta Abbatum Mon. S. Albani, (R. S.) I., p. 72.V. C. H. Lincs., II., 450.
[303]B. M. Landsdowne MS., 375:Ed. Ch., 299.Westminster Abbey Obedientaries Accounts, reprintedEd. Ch., pp. 306-315.
[304]Cf.Statutes of the Church of York, p. 6.
[305]Yorkshire Schools, I., p. 18 from Acta Capituli, G., c. ii. 70.
[306]Beverley Chapter Act Bk., I., pp. 157, 382;Mem. Southwell Minster, p. 29. The function of the dean and chapter was not simply formal.Mem. Southwell Minster, p. 125.
[307]The appointment of a master of song at a monastery was made by the prior. Cf. Roger Prior’sReg.V., 261 b.
[308]Statutes of the Ch. of York, p. 5.
[309]Lambeth MSS. Reg. Peckham, f. 38 a.,Ed. Ch., p. 233.
[310]Lambeth MSS. Reg. Winchelsea, f. 300. b.,Ed. Ch., p. 239. Scholastic patronage in monastic cathedral dioceses was subject to episcopal review.Worc. Epis. Reg. Silvester, fol. 202.
[311]Newcourt, ReportII., 86, 87, 88.
[312]Linc. Chapter Act Bk., pp. 2, 24.
[313]See p.61.
[314]SeeChap. IV.
[315]The chancellor of a diocese exercised a considerable amount of scholastic patronage.
[316]Memorials of Southwell Minster, XII.-XLII., 52.
[317]Registrum Brevium, fol. 35. The power of patronage to a school could apparently be delegated. Thus the Bishop of Lincoln granted a licence to the rector of Willeford “to chose a lettered and fit man in the parish to teach the boys and others going to him the said science.” SeeLinc. Epis. Reg. Gynwell, fol. 135 b. This unusual action was due to the scarcity of schoolmasters after the Black Death.
[318]1382.
[319]Reg. Ep. Worcester, H. Wakfeld, p. 72.Ed. Ch.pp. 331-341.
[320]See alsoSomerset and Dorset Notes and Queries, III., 241.
[321]Op. cit., A. 2, 24, f. 14.
[322]Early Yorkshire Schools, I., 90.
[323]Ibid., p. 97.
[324]Ibid., p. 23.
[325]Ibid., p. 27.
[326]Ibid., p. 29.
[327]Ibid., p. 67.
[328]Re-founded 1531-2.
[329]In town muniments of Newark; reprinted by T. F. A. Burnaby, Town Clerk, 1855.
[330]But cf.Great Roll of the Pipe(Rec. Com.) pp. 9-10, which suggests customary arrangements.
[331]Decretal V, tit. 5, cap. I.
[332]Wilkins:ConciliaI., p. 506.
[333]Decretal V., tit. 5, cap. IV.
[334]Cf. appointment of Principal of St. David’s College, Lampeter.
[335]Who died c. 1191.
[336]SeeNotes and Queries, 8th series, vol. VII., pp. 338, 473-474;Cyclopaedia of Educ., vol. II., p. 42.
[337]Carlisle:Grammar Schools, II., p. 759.
[338]Ibid., p. 649.
[339]SeeTrans. Bristol and Glas. Archaeol., Soc. VI.
[340]E. S. R., II., 82.
[341]Ipswich Court Bk. Brit. M. Addit., MS. 30158, fol. 34.
[342]Ibid.
[343]Founded 1520.
[344]Trans. Hist. Soc. Lancs. and Chester, VIII., 51.
[345]V. C. H., Durham, I., 371.
[346]Chron. Jocelyn de Brakelonde, p. 3.
[347]S. M. E., p. 161.
[348]Rashdall,Univ., II., pt. II., p. 765.
[349]Cooper:Annals of Cambridge, I., p. 56.
[350]Reg. Joh. Whethamstede, II., 305.
[351]Cant. Cath. Mun., X., 4, S. B. 4:Ed. Ch., pp. 252-267. The Statutes of Ipswich School (1476-7) state that “The grammar schoolmaster shall henceforth have jurisdiction and governance of all scholars within the liberty and precint of this town, except only petties.”Ipswich Court Bk., B. M., MS. Add. 30158, fol. 34.
[352]P. 39.
[353]Vita S. Thomas, pp. 189, 190, ed. Giles, quoted Furnivall.Forewords, p. 6.
[354]Cornish,Chivalry, p. 24.
[355]Cornish,op. cit., pp. 15, 16.
[356]Liber Niger, p. 45; quotedForewords, p. 11.