ABORTION, neutralization of working bees an act of,250Accessory touches, varying Buffon on,92Accident, many of our best thoughts come thoughtlessly,48,384—— profiting by,51,53—— and discovery of theory connecting meteors with comets,53—— shaking the bag to see what will come out,53—— effects of, transmitted to offspring, Dr. Erasmus Darwin,224—— and design, the line between these hard to draw,384Accidental variations thrown for as with dice,3Accumulation of variations, C. Darwin deals with the, and not with the origin of,340,341—— of small divergencies, Buffon on the,103Accurate, survival of fittest more accurate than Nat. Sel. andsometimesequally convenient,9,354,365Act of Parliament, Natural Selection compared to a certain kind of,358Age, old, the phenomena of,67,204,381Aggregation, the spirit of the age tends towards,397,398Ahead, no organism sees very far,44,48,54,384Aldrovandus, Buffon on the learned,93Alive, when we must not say that an animal is alive (to be retracted),279Allen, Grant, on 'Evolution, Old and New,'386-388—— on the decay of criticism,388—— calls Evolutionism "an almost exclusively English impulse,"393Alternations of fat and lean years, Buffon on,125Amœba, the, did not conceive the idea of an eye and work towards it,43,44,384Analogies, false, all words are apt to turn out to be,365Animals, contracts among, Dr. E. Darwin on,205Ape, the, and man,90Apes and monkeys, Buffon on,153—— and children fall on all-fours at the approach of danger,312Apparentibus,de non,et non existentibus, &c.,36Appearances, rather superficial, our only guide to classification,34,35,36,198,204Appetency, Paley's argument against the view that structures have been developed through,22,45Aristides, C. Darwin as just as,363Aristotle denied teleology,4Artificial and real foot, differences between,25Asceticism, virtue errs on the side of excess rather than on that of,35Ass, the, and horse, Buffon's pregnant passage on their relationship,80,90,91,100,101,142,143,155,164,311Authority, a hard thing to weigh,253BACON, F., on evolution,69Balzac, quotation from, on memory and instinct,67Bark, Erasmus Darwin's theory of,208Beaver, trowel incorporated into the beaver's organism,8Bees, neutralization of working, an act of abortion,250Beetles, Madeira, Lamarck and C. Darwin's views of their winglessness compared,373,380Begin, How could the eyebegin?46,47Beginnings, of complex structures, a difficulty in the way of natural selection,21,22—— difficulty of accounting for,46,47—— a matter of conjecture and inference,48Behind, more moral to be behind the age than in front of it,401Best, making the best of whatever power one has,50Bird, how birds became web-footed,48,49,51—— a, will modify its nest a little, under altered circumstances,55—— Buffon on,170, &c.—— nests, Dr. Erasmus Darwin's failure to connect the power to make them with memory,201,203—— aquatic and wading, Lamarck on,305Bishop, and Evêque, common derivation of,355Blindfolded, we are so far, that we can see a few steps in front, but no more,44—— us, C. Darwin has almost ostentatiously,346Blindly, forces interacting blindly,59Body and mind, Lamarck on,338,339,341Brain, Lamarck had brain upon the brain,36—— Buffon on the,131,133, &c.Brevity may be the soul of wit, but, &c.,315Breeding, and feeding,222Brown-Séquard, his experiments on guinea-pigs' legs,303Buds, individuality of, Dr. Erasmus Darwin on the,207,208Buffalo, Buffon on the,148, &c.Buffon, profoundly superficial,34——plus il a su, plus il a pu, &c.,44——dans l'animal il y a moins de jugement que de sentiment,51—— ignorance concerning,61—— memoir of,74, &c.—— on glory, genius, and style,76,77—— ironical character of his work and method (seeIrony),78, &c.,171—— on the ass, horse, and zebra,80,90,91,100,101,142,143,155,164,311—— would not play the part of Rousseau or Voltaire,81—— Sir W. Jardine on, and the Sorbonne,82—— regards all animal and vegetable life as from one common source,90—— if a single species has ever been found under domestication, &c.,91—— on plaisanterie, and the learned Aldrovandus,93, &c.—— his compromise,92—— accessory touches,92—— "especially" the same,96—— fluctuation of opinion an unfounded charge,97, &c.,164—— on the accumulation of small divergencies,103—— began preaching evolution almost on his first page,104—— chapter on thedégénération des animaux, equivalent to "on descent with modification,"104, &c.—— difference of opinion between him and Erasmus Darwin and Lamarck,105—— probably did not differ from Lamarck,105—— on direct action of changed conditions,105,145,147—— on man and the lower animals,108—— on classification,108,109,141—— on animals and plants,109,110—— on reason and instinct,110,115—— on final causes (the pig),118, &c.—— on hybridism,117,118—— rudimentary organs,120—— on animals under domestication,121, &c.,148—— deals with these early, as giving him the best opportunities for illustrating the theory of evolution,276—— approaches natural selection in his "bysome chancecommon enough in Nature,"122—— preaching on the hare when he should have preached on the rabbit out of pure love of mischief,123—— resumption of feral characteristics,123—— on the geometrical ratio of increase,123, &c.—— alternation of fat and lean years,125—— equilibrium of Nature,125—— "au réel,"126—— on violent death,126—— on sensation,126, &c.—— on the interaction of organ and sense,127—— the carnivora,126—— his criterion of what name a thing is to bear,127—— his criterion of perception and sensation,127—— on the unity of the individual,127,128—— satirizes our habit of judging all things by our own standards,129—— the diaphragm,129—— on the stock and the diaphragm,130—— distinction between perception and sensation,129,130—— on the meninges,132—— on the brain,131,133, &c.—— on scientific orthodoxy and mystification,138—— on the relativity of science,140—— on nomenclature and knowledge,141—— on the genusfelis,143—— on the lion and the tiger,143,145—— on the animals of the old and new world,145, &c.—— on changed geographical distribution of land and water,145,164—— on extinct species,146—— hates the new world,146—— on heredity and habit,148,159,160,161,162—— approaches Erasmus Darwin and Lamarck,rethe Buffalo, Camel, and Llama,148,160,161—— on oneness of personality between parents and offspring,151—— on the organic and inorganic,153, &c.—— on apes and monkeys,153, &c.—— on the causes or means of the transformation of species,159, &c.—— on generic (as well as specific) differences,164—— on plants under domestication,167—— on pigeons and fowls,169—— on birds,170, &c.—— the assistance he rendered to Lamarck,237,258—— Isidore Geoffroy's failure to understand,328—— Colonel,75Bulk, asine quâ nonfor success in literature or science,315Bull running, Tutbury, and Erasmus Darwin,187CAMEL, Buffon on the hereditary ills of the,161Cant, and rudimentary organs,38Captandum, all good things are done ad,85Carnivora, Buffon on the,126Carriage, Dr. Erasmus Darwin's,181Cat, family, Buffon on the,142, &c.—— with a mane and long tail,143Cataclysms, the good cells that get exterminated during the cataclysms of our own development,75Catastrophes, Lamarck on,277Causes, or "means," of modification,301—— C. Darwin says that Buffon has not entered on the,104, &c.—— C. Darwin gets us into a fog about,345, &c.Change, under changed circumstances, Mr. Patrick Matthew on,318Charity, the greatest of these is,77Church, a, like a second chamber,400—— the world better with than without,400—— should be like the fly-wheel of a steam engine,104Circonstances(seeConditions of Existence), Lamarck on,268,281Circumstance, suiting power, a, Mr. Patrick Matthew on,318-321Classification, rather superficial appearances our best guide to,34,35,36,198,204—— Buffon on,108,109,141Clear, an ineradicable tendency to make things,92Clifford, Professor, on "Design,"6,7Climbing plants, the movements of, Dr. Erasmus Darwin on,209Coherency, the persistency of ideas the best argument in support of their legitimate connection,23Coleridge, on "Darwinising,"21Common terms, our, involve the connection between memory and heredity,201,205—— descent, the "hidden bond" of Lamarck, as also of C. Darwin,271Comparative anatomy, Lamarck on,266, &c.Complex structures, the incipiency of, a difficulty in the way of the natural selection view of evolution,21,22Compromise, Buffon's,92Conditions of existence, the very essence of condition involves that there shall be penalty in case of non-fulfilment,352,376,377—— and the winglessness of Madeira beetles,373, &c.—— according to C. Darwin, "include" and yet "are fully embraced by" natural selection,355—— identical with "natural selection,"351-354—— Étienne Geoffroy, and Lamarck on,326,327,328—— Buffon on the,103;difference between Buffon's and Lamarck's view of their action,105—— direct action of changed, Buffon on the,145,147,160—— Lamarck on,105,268,270,271,275,277,278,281,291,292,294,295,298,299,300, &c.Continuity in discontinuity, andvice versâ,47Contracts of animals, Dr. E. Darwin on the,205Contrivance, does organism show signs of this?2Convenient, not onlysometimes, but always, more,365Corkscrew for corks, and lungs for respiration, Prof. Clifford on,7. See also p.58—— we should have grown a, if drawing corks had been important to us,7Creator, a, who is not an organism, unintelligible,6,11,24Criticising, difficulty of, without knowing more than the mere facts which are to be criticised,172Criticism, Miss Seward's, on Dr. Darwin's "Elegy,"189—— Grant Allen on the decay of,388Crux, the, of the early evolutionist,35Cuttle-fish, natural selection like the secretion of a,332DAMNATION, praising with faint,111Darwin, Charles, on the eye, denies design,8—— declares variation to be the cause of variation,8,347,369—— and blind chance working on whither; the accumulation of innumerable lucky accidents,41,42—— our indebtedness to,62,66,335—— has adopted one half of Isidore Geoffroy's conclusion without verifying either,83—— on Buffon's fluctuation of opinion,97—— on Isidore Geoffroy,97—— his assertion that Buffon has not entered on the "causes or means" of transformation,104—— his meagre notice of his grandfather,196—— his treatment of the author of the "Vestiges of Creation,"65,247,248—— attributes the characteristics of neuter insects to natural selection,249—— his treatment of Lamarck,249,250,251,298,314,376—— "great is the power of steady misrepresentation,"251—— his "happy simplicity" about animals and plants under domestication,276—— his notice of Mr. Patrick Matthew in the imperfect historical sketch which he has prefaced to the "Origin of Species,"315,316—— points of agreement between him and Lamarck,335-337—— sees no broad principle underlying variation,339—— dwells on the accumulation of variations, the origination of which he leaves unaccounted for,340,341—— his variations being due to no general underlying principle, will not tend to appear in definite directions, nor to many individuals at a time, nor to be constant for long together,342—— speaks of natural selection as a cause of modification, while declaring it to be a means only,345, &c.—— his explanation of this,384, &c.—— his dilemma, as regards the "Origin of Species,"346—— declares the fact of variation to be the cause of variation,8,347,369—— if he had told us more of what Buffon, &c., said, and where they were wrong, he would have taken a course, &c.,357—— on the ease with which we can hide our ignorance under a cloud of words,358—— apologizes for having underrated the frequency and importance of variation due to spontaneous variability,358—— his "Origin of Species" like the opinion of a lawyer who wanted to leave loopholes, or an Act of Parliament full of repealed and inserted clauses,358—— accused of confusion and inaccuracy of thought,359—— as just as Aristides himself,364—— most candid literary opponent in the world,364—— declares Nature to be the most important means of modification, and variation to be the cause of variations,369—— like a will-o'-the-wisp,372—— disuse, the main agent in reducing wings of Madeira beetles,377—— how he and Lamarck treat the winglessness of Madeira beetles respectively,373-380—— an example of his "manner,"378—— the way in which he met "Evolution, Old and New,"393Darwin, Erasmus, never quite recognized design,39—— ignorance concerning,61—— on reason and instinct,115, &c.—— life of,173, &c.—— in Nottingham market-place,182,184,197—— and Dr. Johnson,184,185—— and Tutbury bull running,187—— his poetry about the pump, and illustration,84,193—— should have given his evolution theory a book to itself,197—— had no wish to see far beyond the obvious,197—— must be admitted to have missed detecting Buffon's humour,83,84,197—— did not attribute instincts and structures to memory pure and simple,198—— on the reasoning powers of animals, and on instinct,201,205—— his failure to connect memory and instinct, as with birds' nests,201-203—— failed to see the four main propositions which I contended for in "Life and Habit,"37,203,204—— on the analogies between animal and vegetable life,206, &c.—— on sensitive plants,206,210—— on the individuality of buds, and his theory of bark,207,208—— on the movements of climbing plants,209—— on the oneness of personality between parents and offspring,214;the embryo not a new animal,215—— on animals under domestication,223—— on the effects of accidents transmitted to offspring,224—— sees struggle, and hence modification, turn mainly round three great wants,226,229,257,279—— on desire as a means of modification,226,228,259—— by a slip approaches the error of his grandson,227,228—— on embryonic metamorphoses,230,231—— believed animals and plants to be descended from a common stock,233—— and Lamarck compared,257—— on the struggle of existence, and the survival of the fittest,227,232,259Darwin, Mrs. Erasmus, death-bed of,178Darwin, Francis, mentioned,109—— his interesting lecture,206—— does not use the expression "natural selection,"368Darwinising, Coleridge on,21Darwinism, the old Darwinism involves desire, invention, and design,58—— modern, falling into disfavour,60—— and evolution not to be confounded,360,361Day, the portrait of, by Wright of Derby,180Death, violent, Buffon on,126—— of Dr. Erasmus Darwin,193,194Death-bed of Mrs. Erasmus Darwin,178Deed, illustration drawn from a very intricate,