A.Ad, 36/23,v. imp.add.Addle, 51/6,v.increase in bulk.—T.R. Icel.ödlask= to gain, earn. "Adylle,adipisci, acquirere—Cath. Anglicum.Adue, 3/8,int.adieu, farewell.Aduise, 10/41,s.care, notice. "Take aduise of thy rent" = make preparations for paying your rent, by laying by for that purpose.Afoord, 99/4,v.afford.After claps, 49/d, s. pl.disagreeable consequences.Whane thy frende ys thy foo,He wolle tell alle and more too;Beware of after clappes!—MS. Lansd. 762, f. 100.After crop, 18/20,v.extract a second crop from the land.Aile, 35/31,v.affects, is the matter with. A.S.eglan.Aker, 10/14,s.acre.Alexanders, 40/1,s. pl.the horse parsley. "Alexandre, the hearb great parsley, Alexanders or Alisaunders."—Cotgrave. See Lyte's Dodoens, p. 609.All in all, 4/2, the principal point.Alley, 15/35,s.paths, walk.Allow, 33/30;Alow, 15/32,v. pr. t.recommend, approve of. O. Fr.alouer, from Lat.laudare.Aloft, 33/56,adv.up.Alowe, 115/2,adv.low down, deep; cf.114/23. Cf. "Why somme bealoweand somme alofte."—P. Plowman, B. Text, xii. 222.Ambling, 95/2,adj.trotting, cantering.Amends, 10/58,s.reparation, amendment.Amisse, 89/13,adv.amiss, wrong.Amitie, 9/18,s.friendship.Andrew, 48/19, St. Andrew's Day, 30th November.Among, 1/5,adv.at times; 27/4, euer among = constantly, always.Anker, 13/5,s.anchor.Annis, 45/1,s.anise. Lat.anisum.Anoieng, 48/11,v.injuring, damaging. O. Fr.anoier, from Lat.nocere.Anue, 10/37,adv.anew, again.Aperne, 17/4,s.an apron. Fr.naperon, a large cloth, from Lat.nappa. O. Fr.appronaire= a woman's apron;appronier= a blacksmith's apron. "Barmeclothe or naprun."—Prompt. Parv.Aqua composita, 91/1, see noteE459.Araid, 48/22,pp.kept in order, regulated. O. Fr.arraier. A.S.gerædan= to get ready.Arbor, 35/45,s.an arbour. O. Fr.herbier.Armer, 2/4,s.help, assistance.Arse, 51/4,s.buttocks, hind part. A.S.ears, ærs.As, 57/47, which.Assaie, 1/4,s.trial. O. Fr.assai.Asunder, 17/11,v.break asunder or in pieces.Atchiue, 69/1,v.finish, complete. O. Fr.achiever.Athit, 16/6,adj.(?), "ill-breeders."—Mavor. Ill-conditioned.—Wright's Prov. Dict.A too, 17/9,adv.in two, asunder.Attainted, 75/8,pp.tainted; the expression "touched" is also in use. O. Fr.attaint, from Lat.attingere.Attonement, 106/11,s.atonement.Auke, 62/13,adj.unlucky (lit.backward, inverted, confused). "Awkeor wronge,sinister—Prompt. Parv.Aumbrie, 75/2,s.cupboard, pantry. See Prompt. Parv.s.v.Awmebry. L. Lat.almonarium. See also Wedgwood, s.v.Ambry.Auailes, p. 2,v. pr. t.is useful or profitable.Auens, 39/1,s.herb bennet—geum urbanum. Welshafans. The roots gathered in the spring and put into ale give it a pleasant flavour.Auise Avouse, 55/4, "is French jargon forassureyourself,take care."—Mavor.Auouch, 10/12,v.own, acknowledge."I'll avouch it to his head."—Shak. Mids. Night's Dream, i. 1.Awe, 56/2,s.August.Ayer, 16/20,s.air.B.Baggage, 21/21,s.foul stuff, perhaps from Fr.bagasse.Baggedglie tit, 16/6, worthless beasts, baggagely.Baies, 81/2,s. pl.chidings, reproof. Halliwell has this word, misspeltbaics, as from Hunter's additions to Boucher.Bailie, 10/18,s.bailiff, steward. Lat.bajulus. Fr.bailli.Baiting, 85/2, feeding, eating.Balke, 63/2,s."What is in some places called a mier bank, being narrow slips of land between ground and ground."—T.R. A.S.balc. Welshvalc, a strip of land. "A balke or banke of earth ranged or standing up betweene two furrowes."—Baret's Alvearie. Halliwell, s.v. Balk, refers to this passage and explains Balke as a piece of timber.Ball, 95/2,s.a common name for a horse. In the Prompt. it is applied to a sheep, and in the Privy Purse expenses of Henry VIII. p. 43, to a dog.Band, 56/17,s.bands or ropes of straw.Bandes, 9/24,s.bonds, engagements.Bandog, 10/19,s.a dog always tied up on account of his fierceness; according to Bewick a species of mastiff crossed with a bull-dog. Dutchband-hond.Bane, 81/6,s.poison.Bane, 46/23,s.ruin. A.S.bana. O. Icel.bani.Banish, 9/29,v.free, clear.Banket, 28/3,v. pr. t.feast, banquet.Barberies, 34/3,s.barberry;berberis vulgaris, Linn.Barberlie, 51/4,adv.like a barber.Bare, 74/6,adj.uncouer your bare = strip the clothes off and whip you.Barelie, 63/23,s.barley.Bargaine, 16/3,s.contract, agreement.Barth, 33/26,s.shelter. "Barth, ground floor, floor."—Spurrell's Welsh Dict. "A warm place or pasture for calves or lambs.—Ray. "A place near the farm-house well-sheltered."—T.R.Bartilmewtide, 57/47, St. Bartholomew's Day, 24th August.Bassel, 42/1,Bazell, 50/34,s.basil, much used in cookery, especially in France.Ocymum basilicum.—Gerard's Herball. So called probably from its being used in some royal (βασιλικον[Greek: basilicon]) medicine or bath.Baulme, 42/2,s.balsam, contracted from Lat.balsamum.Bauen, 57/33,s.light loose faggots. O. Fr.baffe= a faggot. "Baven, the smaller trees whose sole use is for the fire."—Skinner.Bayted, 64*/7,pp.baited.Beare off, 17/2,v.ward off, keep off.Beare out, 16/10,v.keep off, protect from.Beares, 20/1,v. pr. t.provides, furnishes.*Bease, 57,s. pl.beasts, cows.Beastlie, 20/2,adj.stupid, careless.Beath, 23/9,v.to place before the fire, to straighten by heating.Beck, 46/28,s.beak.*Beclip, 30,v.anticipate, surprise.Bedstraw, 19/40,s.clean straw.Beene, 51/22,s.property, wealth. Fr.bien.Beere, 96/84,s.bier.Beetle, 22/1,s.a wooden club or mallet, its head hooped with iron, and studded all over with nails, used for splitting wood.Beggerie, 10/40,s.beggary, poverty.Begilde, 57/27,Beguilde, 10/56,pp.cheated, disappointed.Begon, 99/5,pp.begun.Behoouing, 2/5,adj.belonging, proper to.Bellifull, 46/27,s.sufficiency, satisfaction.Bent, 113/3,pp.inclined, disposed.Beshreawd, 102/7,pp.ruined, cursed. Connected with theshrewmouse, to which deadly qualities were at one time attributed.Bestad, 114/23,pp.circumstanced, situated.Bestowe, 16/34,v. imp.place, arrange.Betanie, 45/3,s.the plant Betony,Betonica officinalis, Linn.Betwix, 74/2,adv.between. A.S.betwix.Bewraies, 108/4,v. pr. t.betrays.Bex, 37/12,s. pl.beaks. Fr.bec, pl.becs.Biefe, 21/11,s.beef.Big, 33/36,s.teat, pap. A.S.bige, a bosom.—Bailey's Dict. 1735. It also occurs in Gifford's Dialogue on Witches, 1603.Bil, 17/8;Bill, 33/22,s.billhook.Bilde, 95/6,v.build.Billet, 53/12,s.chopped-up wood.Bin, 107/1,pp.been.Blabs, 100/3,s. pl.chatterboxes, talkative persons. "Cacqueteur, babillard, baquenaudier, bavard. Ablab, a long tongue: one that telleth whatsoever he heareth."—Nomenclator, 1585.Blade, 19/14,s.blades of grass.Blaze, 108/4,v.spread abroad the report of, blaze abroad. Cf. Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 7. A.S.blæsan, to blow.Blenge, 100/3,v.blenge, mix.Blessed thistle, 44/1,s.so called from its supposed power of counteracting the effects of poison;Carduus benedictus.Blew, 43/3,adj.blue.Blindfild, 90/3,adj.blindfold.Blisse, 2/3,v.bless, praise.Block in the fier, 10/57, a block of wood in the fire.Blocks, 17/11,s. pl.blocks of wood, trunks and stumps of trees.Bloodwoort, 39/4,s.bloody-veined dock,Rumex sanguineus.Blouse, 16/37,s.red-faced wife or girl. "A girl or wench whose face looks red by running abroad in the wind and weather is called ablouz, and said to have ablouzingcolour. "—Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. See also Thoresby's Letter to Ray, E.D. Soc. B. 17.Blowne, 2/10,pp.reported.Bobbed, 114/5,pp.pouting.Boddle, 51/11,s."a weed like the Mayweed, but bears a large yellow flower."—T.R. From Dutchbuidel, a purse, because it bearsgoolsorgoldins, gold coins, Dutchgulden, a punning allusion to its yellow flowers.Boies, 57/34,s. pl.boys.Bold, 2/9,v. pt. t.embolden, encourage.Bold, 63/22,adj.proud.Boll, 83/2,s.washing-bowl, tub.Bolted, 67/2,pp.sifted, examined. Bolted-bread = a loaf of sifted wheat meal mixed with rye. SeeBoltandBolting-clothin Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham.Boollesse, 34/4,s.bullace, small tartish plums, black or yellow. Called in Cambridgeshire "Cricksies." "I believe the word to be Celtic: Irishbulos, a prune, Bretonpolos, a bullace, Gaelicbulaistear, a bullace, a sloe."—Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat. "A bullace, frute,pruneolum."—Manip. Vocab.Boone, 62/17,s.request, prayer.Boord, 23/12,s.boards, planks.Boorde, 88/1,s.the table, meals.Bootie, 48/14,s.booty, prey.Borough, 33/7,s.burrows, warren. A.S.beorg,beorh.Botch, 74/5,v. imp.patch.Botles, 43/3,s.chrysanthemum. "Boyul or bothule, herbe or Cowslope,Vactinia."—Prompt. Parv.Bots, 45/22,s. pl.a disease (worms) troublesome to horses. Gaelicbotus, a bott;boiteag, a maggot.Bottle, 21/15,s.the leathern bottle.Bowd, 19/39,s.weevil,Curculio granarius; bowd-eaten = eaten by weevils. "Bowde, malte worme." "Malte bowde or wevyl."—Prompt. Parv.Bowe, 17/13,s.bow.Bows, 36/12,s. pl.boughs, sticks. A.S.bog, boh.Brag, 19/14,s.boast, sham, pretence; 94/16, value, estimation.Braggeth, 62/1,v. pr. t.boasts, brags. Welshbragiaw. Fr.braguer.Brake, 15/33,s.underwood, ferns, etc. Brakes, "Their light firing in Norfolk, that is wherewith they bake and brew."—T.R.Brall, 77/11,v.quarrelling, scolding.Bralling, 101/4,adj.brawling, quarrelsome.Brank, 19/20,s.Buck-wheat.Polygonum fagopyrum. "Brance, bearded red wheat."—Cotgrave. "Brance" occurs in Pliny's Hist. Nat. xviii. c. 7.Brats, 81/6,s. pl.children.Brauling, 48/15,s.quarrels, contention.Braue, 94/2,adj.fine, grand.Brauerie, 9/12,s.show, boast.Brawne, 31/2,s.brawn, originally the flesh of the wild boar, but used for flesh generally. O. Fr.braon, braion.Brawneth, 16/22,v. pr. t.fatteneth.Breaching, 2/11,s.breaking, breach.Breadcorne, 19/20,s."leguminous crops."—Wright's Dict.Breaker, 95/2,s.horse-breaker.Breaketh his credit, 10/37, fails to do what he has promised.Breakhedge, 15/36,s.trespassers and others who break down fences, or make gaps in hedges.Breathely, 33/38,adj.worthless. See Halliwell, s.v. Bretheling.Brecke, 16/16,s.breach, gap. A.S.brecan, to break.Breede, 10/31,v.cause, generate.Breeders, 12/2,s. pl.good time for breeding.Breeding, 2/10,s.origin, source.Breers, 114/2,s. pl.briars, thorns, hence troubles and difficulties.Bremble, 36/23,s.bramble, briar.Brest, 11/7,v.nurse.Brest, 114/6,s.voice. See noteE495.Breth, 107/4,s.breath.Bribing, 10/27,v.thieving, stealing. Ibribe, I pull, I pyll."—Palsgrave. See Mr. Skeat's note to P. Plowman, xxiii. 262.Brineth, 75/8,v. pr. t.cure with brine or salt.Brooketh, 94/10,v. pr. t.endures, allows.Brothell, 10/20,v.riotous, dissipated. See Halliwell,s.v.Brethel.Brows, 33/11, feed on, nibble. O. Fr.brousterfrombroust, a sprout. "Yode forth abroade unto the greenewood tobrowzeor play."—Spenser, Shep. Cal. May. "Browse, or meat for beastes in snowtyme.Vesca."—Huloet.Brue, 15/33,v.brew. A.S.briwan.Brush, 17/14,s.underwood, brushwood.Brushed cote, 49/b, a beating; cf. "a dusted jacket."Buck, 50/13,s.buckwheat. Dutchboekweit.Buckle, 96/84,v. imp.prepare, get ready; cf.buckle to.Bucks, 74/5,s. pl.a quantity of linen washed at once, a tub-full of linen ready for washing.Bouckfatt, a washing-tub (Unton Inventories, p. 28). Lay your bucks = get your linen ready for washing.Buglas, 39/5,s.bugloss,Lycopsis arvensis, Linn.Buie, 3/8,v.;Buieng, 56/4, buy.Bulchin, 33/36,s.a bull-calf.Bullimong, 19/30,s.a mixture of oats, peas and vetches, or buckwheat. Possibly a corruption of Lat.pulmentum.Burch, 92/4,s.the rod, birch.Burrage, 39/7,s.borage.Borago officinalis. The flowers were supposed to be cordial and excitative of courage, especially if infused in wine; whence the derivation Celticborr, pride,borrach, a haughty man.Burs, 63/16,s. pl.the burdock. "Bourre, the downe or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbs, fruites, and flowers are covered."—Cotgrave.Bushets, 37/19,s. pl.small shoots from bushes.Busht, 42/1,adj.thick, spreading.Buttrice, 17/4,s.a farrier's tool used in shoeing horses to pare the hoofs.Buttrie, 89/5,s.pantry, cupboard.Buzard, 46/28,s.buzzard.By and bie, 57/15,adv.presently.C.Cabben, 16/23,s.house, sty.Cace, 67/26,s.case, point.Cadow, 46/28,s.jackdaw. "Cadesse, Daw, Jackdaw."—Cotgrave. "Cad-dow, a Jackdaw or Chough, Norfolk."—Bailey's Dict. See note in Prompt. Parv., s.v. Cadaw.Calling, 9/1,s.station in life.Camamel, 42/3,s.Camomile. Lat.chamæmelum. χαμαιμηλον [Greek: chamaimeilon], earth-apple, from the smell of its flowers.Campe, 22/24,v.to play football. A.S.camp= a contest. See Ray's Glossary, E. D. Soc. p. xvi.Campers, 22/24,s. pl.football players. See noteE133.Campions, 43/5,s.Red Lychnis or Campion,Lychnis diurna.Candlemas, page 84, footnote 5,s.2nd February, so called from the great number of lights used on that day, being the feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary.Canteth, 94/8,v. pr. t.? scanteth,i.e.is economical. The edition of 1573 readsfranteth, which is a Somerset word meaningto be careful. Canteth, according to Halliwell, means "divides,"i.e.does not use up everything at once, but only what is wanted for the time.Canuas, 57/54,s.canvas.Capitaine cheefe, 10/19, head or chief captain.Capon, 31/3,s.a castrated cock.Careles, 35/4,adj.unwilling, not anxious.Carkas, 26/4,s.corpse, body. Fr.carcasse.Carke, 114/15,v.to be anxious. "I carke, I care, I take thought,je chagrine"—Palsgrave. "Waile we the wight whose absence is ourcarke."—Spenser, Shep. Cal. November.*Carnels, 101,s. pl.seeds of the haw, briar, etc. Cf.ch. 18. st. 48and36. 13.Carrege, 56/21,s.carrying home.Carren, 18/36,s.carrion, carcasses, M.E.caroigne. Fr.charogne, from It.carogna, Lat.caronem.Carrenly, 19/36,adj.rotting, putrifying.Cart gap, 56/13,s.the openings for carts to pass from one field to another.Cartwrite, 58/5,s.cartwright.Cast, 10/41,v.to count up, reckon.Cast, 20/3,v. pr. t.to clean the threshed corn by casting it from one side of the barn to the other, that the light grains and dust may fall out. For this purpose is used askuttle, q.v.Cast, 33/52,v. imp.give over, throw up.Casting, 65/8,adj.that throw up the earth as they burrow through it.Cater, 10/16,s.caterer, provider. "Catera steward, a manciple, a prouider of Cates."—Baret's Alvearie. "Cates, dainty provisions."—Bailey's Eng. Dict. 1737.Cawme, 56/15,adj.calm, settled.Challenge, 72/1,v.claim. O. Fr.chalenger.Champion (title),s.plain open country. Fr.champagne, from Lat.campania, fromcampus= a field. "Worstershire, Bedfordshire, and many other well-mixt soiles, where the Champaigne and couert are of equall largeness."—G. Markham, Husbandman's Recreations, c. i.Champions, 16/2,s. pl.inhabitants of counties where lands are open and unenclosed.Chancing, 9/30,v.happening, falling out.Chapman, 19/27,s.bargainer, dealer. A.S.ceapman.Charge, 84/2,s.trouble, expense. Compare All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 3, 121: "She had her breeding at my father's charge."Charged, 10/8,pp.burdened, busy, anxious.Charges, 23/6,s. pl.works, troubles.Charuiel, 45/4,s.the plant Chervil.Chærophyllum temulentum, Linn. Whence A.S.cærfille, Fr.cerfeuil.Chaunting, 16/31,v.crying, yelling.Cheanie, 2/6, Jeanie, Jennie.Cheere, 22/28,v.enjoy oneself.Cheere, 57/26,s.enjoyment, merriment.Chees, 48/20,s.cheese. Lat.caseus; whence O. H. Ger.chasi, A.S.cêse.Chein, 17/10,s.chain.Cherie, 33/58,s.cherry. Lat.cerasus; whence A.S.cirse, Fr.cerise.Chikins, 38/33,s. pl.chickens, young fowls.Chinke, 46/27,s.money. A word formed from the sound of coinjinglingtogether.Chip, 57/32,s.wood-choppings.Chippings, 86/3,s. pl.fragments of bread. "Chapplis, bread-chippings."—Cotgrave.Choised, 57/34,pp.selected, chosen. Fr.choix, choice.Chopping, 57/40,s.exchange, barter. "Choppe and chaunge,mercor."—Huloet. A.S.ceapan.Churle, 10/50,s.an ill-bred, disagreeableperson. A.S.ceorl, a freeman of the lowest rank.Cinqfile, 45/5,s.cinquefoil.Potentilla, Linn.Clap, 10/22,s.blow, stroke; "at a clap" = at once.Clapper, 36/25,s.a rabbit burrow or warren. "Cony hole orclapar"—Palsgrave. "Aclapperfor conies, i.e. a heap of stones, earth, with boughes or such like wherinto they may retire themselves."—Minsheu. Fr.clapier. L. Lat.clapa.Clarie, 39/9,s.meadow sage.Salvia pratensis.Clauestock, 17/20,s.a chopper for splitting wood.Cleerely, 16/25,adj.clear.Clicket, 77/9,v.chatter. "If I disturb you with myclicketten, tell me so, David, and I won't."—C. Dickens in David Copperfield. "A tatling huswife, whoseclicketis ever wagging."—Cotgrave.Clim, 56/23,s.? Clement.Clime, 57/30,v.climb. A.S.climban.Clod, 114/37,s.earth, hence = landed property.Clog, 89/1,s.charge, duty.Closet, 14/3,s.retirement, seclusion.Closeth, 62/5,v. pr. t.incloses, fences in.Closier, page 2,s.enclosures. Fr.closure.Clot, 33/24,s.clods. A.S.clûd. "Clodde or clotte lande,occo."—Huloet.*Cloughted, 89,pp.SeeClouted.Clout, 67/16,s.piece of cloth. A.S.clût, a little cloth. Mid. Eng.clout, clutian, clutien, to patch.Clouts, Cloutes, 17/10,s.an instrument similar to theplowstaff, shod with iron and used for breaking large clods, etc.Clouted, 17/6,pp."having the Axle-tree armed with Iron plates."—T.R. O. Fr.clouet, dimin. ofclou, a nail, from Lat.clavus. See Nares, s.v. Clout.Coast, 63/7,s.country, district. O. Fr.coste, from Lat.costa, a rib, side.Coast man, 36/22,s.masters of coasting vessels.Cobble, 74/5,v. imp.patch, mend.Cock, 53/4,v. imp.put into cocks, or small stacks.Cocking, 95/5,adj.over-indulgent.Cockle, 46/13,s.the weed corn-rose,Agrostemma githago, Linn. Cockle or Cokyl is used by Wycliffe and other old writers in the sense of a weed generally.Cockneies, 92/4,s. pl.spoilt or effeminate boys. See noteE460, and Halliwell, s.v. Cockney.Cocks, 57/16,s. pl.small conical heaps of hay or corn.Codware, 19/26,s.all plants that bear pods (or cods); peas, beans, etc. "Pescodde,escosse de poix."—Palsgrave. A S.codd. Welsh,cod, cwd, a small bag.Coeme, Coome, 17/7,s.a measure of half a quartern. A.S.cumb.—Somner. "There is no such word in A.S. ascumb; it is one invented by Somner, so that the (so-called) A.S.cumbis really derived from Eng.coomb"—Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat.Cofer up, 10/61,v.to hoard up, lock up.Cofers, 16/4,s. pl.money-boxes.Cog, 63/14,v.cheat, defraud. "Cog a dye, to load a die."—Cotgrave. "A cogger,un pipeur. To cogge,piper"—The French Schoolemaster, 1636.Coile, 4/1,s.bustle, hard work; cf. Fr.cuellée, a mob, tumult.Cold, 91/2,adj.cooling.Cole, 57/31,s.turf, peat.Colewort, 39/10,s.or collet, cabbage.Brassica oleracea, Linn.Collembines, 43/4,s. pl.columbine. Lat.columbina,adj.fromcolumba, a pigeon, from the resemblance of its nectaries to the heads of pigeons in a ring round a dish, a favourite device of ancient artists.—Dr. R. A. Prior.Comfort, 19/19,s.strength, fertility.Commodities, 37/17,s. pl.advantages.Compact, 112/1,pp.composed. Lat.compactus, fromcompango. "Love is a spirit allcompactof fire."—Venus and Adonis, 149.Compas, 47/3,s.manure, compost. O. Fr.compost, from Lat.compositum.Compassing, 56/1,s.manuring.*Compast, 11,pp.manured.*Compound, 11,v. imp.agree, arrange.Confer, page 2,v.compare. Lat.conferre.Confound, 67/27,v.destroy, spoil.Conie, 15/20,s.a term of endearment.Conies, 63/10,s. pl.rabbits. Welshcwning. Irishcoinni. Lat.cuniculus, cognate with Lat.cuneus(what cleaves, a wedge), and comes from the Sanskrit rootkhan= to dig.—Palmer.Conserue, 91/3, preserve.Constancie, 9/23,s.consistency, firmness.Conster, 114/34,v.understand.Contemne, 106/7,v. pr. t.despise. Lat.contemnere.Continue, 19/35,v.to breed from, to keep up stock from.Contrarie, 67/25,v. imp.oppose, contradict.Cooples, 10/6,s.couples, husband and wife.Coosen, 63/14,v.cheat, swindle. Shakespere'scozen.Copie, 47/8,s.coppice.Coresie, 19/24,s.annoyance, trouble.Cornet plums, 34/7,s.cornel plums, cornel cherries.Corneth, 75/8,v. pr. t.preserve and season, cure.Corps, 53/1,s.body.Cost, 32/5,s.coast, country. SeeCoast.Costmarie, 42/4,s.costmary, called also ale-cost,Balsamita vulgaris.Cote, 58/11,v.cogitate, reflect.Coted, 2/8,v. pt. t.took note of, wrote down. "Howe scripture shulde becoted(quoted)."—Skelton, Colin Clout, l. 758.Count, 10/21,v.reckon, "be to counte" = be of account, be worth.Counterfait, 64/29,adj.counterfeit, sham, false.Coursest, 55/4,adj.coarsest.Court, 86/10,s.account, examination.Cousleps, 42/5,s. pl.cowslips.Couert, 63/5, covert, underwood.Couertlie, 9/5,adv.closely.Cowlaske, page 4,s.diarrhœa in cattle. See Fletcher's Differences, 1623, p. 33. Laske,v.= torelax, slacken. See Glossary to "William of Palerne," E. E. Text Soc. edit. Skeat.Coxcombe, 64/18;Coxcome, 10/48,s.The cap of the licensed fool had often on the top a cock's head and comb and some of the feathers. Therefore he "strives for a coxcome" = he will only succeed in proving his own folly.Crabs, 15/17,s. pl.crab apples.Cracketh, 10/37,v. pr. t.half breaks, injures.Cradle, 17/14,s."A three-forked instrument of wood, on which the corn is caught as it falls from the sithe."—T.R.Crake, 18/21,v.brag, boast. Dutchkraaken.Crakers, 54/4,s. pl.boasters.Cram, 114/15,v.feed up, satisfy.Creake, 47/2, "to cry creak" = "to be afraid," "to desist from any object, to repent."—Halliwell.Credit crackt, 4/1, credit or trust broken.Creekes, 49/4,s. pl.corners, seek creekes = hide herself.Creekes, 38/26,s. pl.servants.Creepinglie, 9/32,adv.stealthily, by degrees.Cresies, 40/5,s.cress. Fr.cresson. M. Lat.crissomumfrom Lat.crescere, to grow, "a celeritate crescendi."Crome, 17/19,s."Like a dung-rake with a very long handle."—T.R.Crone, 56/46,v. imp.pick out the crones, i.e. the old ewes. The meaning is, weed out your flocks.Crones, 12/4,s. pl."Ewes, whose teeth are so worn down that they can no longer keep their sheep-walk."—T.R.Crooked, 57/46,adj.deformed.Croppers, 18/19,s.the best or most productive crops.Croppers, 19/20,s. pl.persons who extract crop after crop from the land.Crosse, 46/9,s.a cross-piece.Crosse, 9/29,v.happen, result unfavourably.Crosses, 9/29,s.troubles, misfortunes.Crosserowe, page 3,s.called also Christcrossrow; the alphabet. "A is the name of the first letter in theCrosrowe."—Baret's Alvearie.Crotch, 51/10,s."a curved weeding tool."—T.R.Crotches, 60/11,s. pl.crutches. A.S.cryce. L. Lat.croccia, crucca. H. Ger.krücke.Crotchis, 57/51,s. pl.crooks, hooks. O. Fr.croche.Crowchmas, 50/36,s.St. Helen's Day,3rd May, being the feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross.Crowe, 46/9,s.crowbar.Cubboord, 89/5,s.cupboard.Culters, 17/10,s. pl.coulters.Cumbersome, 10/13,adj.troublesome, vexatious, oppressive.Cummin, 45/6,s.cumin, a plant resembling fennel, cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish warm taste, and are used like those of anise and carraway. Arabickammûn. Hebrewkammôn.Cunnie, 36/25,s.rabbit.Currant, 10/44,adj.current coin, good coin.Currey, 64*/2,v.gain by flattery. On the origin of this phrase see "Leaves from a Word-Hunter's Note Book," by Rev. A. S. Palmer, p. 63.Custome, 77/1,s.custom, habit; of custome = as a matter of course.Curtesie, 9/8,s.courtesy, respect.D.*Dablith, 27,v. pr. t.make wet and dirty.Dads, 95/5,s. pl.fathers.Daffadondillies, 43/7,s. pl.daffodils.Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Linn.Daieth, 62/8,v. pr. t.names some future day for payment, i.e. buys on credit."The moste part of my debtters have honestly payed,And they that were not redy I have gentlydayed."—Wager's Cruell Debter, 1566.*Dainty, 94,adj.difficult, lit. choice, excellent.Dallops, 54/5,s. pl."A patch or bit of ground lying here and there among the corn."—T.R. 57/17, "Tufts of corn such as are commonly seen where dung-heaps have stood too long, or in shady places."—T.R.Damsens, 34/8,s. pl.damsons, contracted fromdamascene= theDamascusplum.Dank, 22/11,adj.damp, wet.Dare, 2/7,v.pain, grieve. A.S.daru, hurt.Darnell, 65/1,s.darnel, the plantLolium perenne. "Darnell or Iuraye in Englishe also called Raye."—Dodoens, Newe Herball, 1578.Darth, 63/24,s.dearth, dearness of food, etc.*Daunger, 90/8, risk.Daw, 99/2,s.simpleton, sluggard.Day, 57/8,s.day-work, time-work.Dead, 78/4,adj.flat (beer). Cf. "Pallyd, as drynke,emortuus."—Prompt. Parv.Deaw, 56/48,s.dew, damp.Deckt, 106/2,pp.adorned, beautified.Defende, 86/7,v.avoid, prevent.Deintily, 19/37,adv.dearly.Delaide, 66/7,pp.tempered, moderated.Delue, 21/19,v. imp.dig. A.S.delf, delfan= to dig, from Goth.dailjan= to deal, divide. Cf. Ger.thal, Eng.dale.Deluing, 36/17,pr. p.burrowing.Depart, 10/56,v. imp.give away, part with.Descant, 68/5,v.comment. O. Fr.deschanter, from L. Lat.discantare.Despaire, 57/10;Dispaire, 63/9,s.injury, damage.Despight, 106/12,s.despite.Det, 114/38,s.debt.Detanie, 45/8,s.Dittany or Pepperwurt, apparently a corruption of Lat.dictamnus, of which Dodoens says:—"It is fondly and unlearnedly called in English Dittany. It were better in following the Douchemen to call it Pepperwurt."—Book v. c. 66. WelshDdittain.Dew-retting, 16/25,s.steeping flax by leaving it out all night on the grass. SeeWater-retting.Diall, 68/7,s.sundial.Dible, 46/24,s.a planting or setting stick, a dimin. ofdib = dipand allied totip= a sharp point. "Debbyll, or settyng stycke."—Huloet.Dicing, 10/40,s.gambling.Didall, 17/19,s."A triangular spade, as sharp as a knife, excellent to bank ditches, where the earth is light and pestered with a sedgy weed."—T.R.Dide, 114/11,v. pt. t.died.Digest, 11/4,v.quiet, sooth.Dight, 23/19,pp.prepared, treated. A.S.dihtan.Dike, 3/7,s.ditch, dike, fence. A.S.díc.Dill, 44/3,s.dill. A.S.dil. Antheum graveolens.Dippings, 86/3,s. pl.dripping, grease, etc., collected by the cook.Discharge, 53/3,v.relieve you of the trouble.Discurtesy, 9/19,s.incivility, rudeness.Dispaire, 57/53,v.injure, depreciate.Dissurie, 114/26,s.the strangury.Distaffe, 67/15,s.distaff.Docking the dell, 10/40, dissipation. See Grose's Dict. s.v.Dock.Docks, 17/11,s. pl.weeds.*Dockes, 27,s. pl.?Dole, 33/16,s.share.Doles, 48/6,s. pl.boundary marks, either a post or a mound of earth; also, a balk or slip of unploughed ground.Dolt, 33/37,s.stupid, fool.Don, 106/21,pp.done.Doo of, 33/39,v. imp.get rid of.Doong, 19/29,s.dung, manure.Doong Crone, 17/7,s.a crook or staff with hooked end for drawing dung.Doonged, 53/21,pp.dunged, manured.Doted, 2/8,v. pt. t.became foolish, was silly. Fr.dotter, radoter, to dote, rave.—Cotgrave. Cf. Piers Plowman, "Thoudoteddaffe."Doughtful, 115/3,adj.doubtful.Douse, 10/7,s.strumpet, prostitute; the same word asDoxy. Halliwell,s.v.Douce, quotes this passage, and rendersdouseby "a pat in the face," but s.v. Dowse he gives the correct meaning.Dout, 87/7,s.danger, risk, difficulty.Doues, 56/24,s. pl.doves, pigeons.Dowebake, 79/2,s.dough, underbaked bread.Drab, 77/5,s.sloven, loose woman.Dragons, 45/7,s.the herb Serpentine, Serpentarie, or Dragonwort.Dredge, 16/13,s.a mixture of oats and barley. "Dragge, menglyd corne (drage or mestlyon),mixtio."—Prompt. Parv. See NoteE91.Drest, 49/8,pp.treated.Dreue, 35/42,Driue, 33/42,v.follow you up, press you.Dreuils, 114/12,Driuell, 79/1,s.wasters, spendthrifts.Drift, 10/13,s.end, aim, design, 114/39, course, such drift to make = to drift along in such a manner.Drines, 53/20,s.dryness.Drinke corn, 18/24,s.barley.Driping, 35/14,v.dripping on, keeping wet.Driue, 16/20,v.drive out of their hives for the purpose of taking the honey.Droie, 81/3,s.a drudge, servant. See note in Prompt. Parv. s.v.Deye.Drousie, 89/4,adj.the drowsy, the sleepy.Drout, 14/3,s.drought, dry weather.Drowseth, 62/13,v. pr. t.droops, gives way.Drudge, 7/1,s.slave, mean servant.Duck, 55/6,s.docks, dockweed.Dun, 82/2,pp.finished, done for.Dy, 35/24,s.a die, as close as a dy = as close as possible.E.Earthes, 35/50,s. pl.a ploughing. A.S.earian. Lat.arare, to plough. In the Catholicon Anglicum we find "A dayserth or daysardawe,juger, jugerum." See also Ray and Halliwell, s.v.Arders.Easeth, 94/9,v. pr. t.indulges, pleases.Eaw, 67/24,s.ewe.Eb, 14/5,s.ebb. A.S.ebba.Ech, 57/23,adj.each.Edder, 33/13,s."Such fence wood as is commonly put upon the top of Fences and binds or interweaves each other."—T.R.Edish, 18/4,s.stubble after the corn is cut. Roughings.Ediscis an old Saxon word signifying sometimesroughings, aftermathes. See Glossaries, B 15, B 16, E. D. Soc.Edmond, St., 20/12, St. Edmund's Day, 20th November.Eie, 57/9,s.eye, attention.Eiebright, 44/5,s.common eyebright,Euphrasia officinalis, formerly much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.Eies, 114/4,s. pl.eyes.Eke, 66/6,adv.also, too, A.S.eac, ec.Elfe, 114/14,s.creature; 86/11, a servant.Elues, 22/3,s. pl.young cattle.Embraid, 113/7,v. imp.upbraid, abuse.Embrings, 12/6,s. pl.the Ember-days, being the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the first Sunday in Lent, the feast of Whitsuntide, the 14th September, and the 13th December.Endiue, 91/2,s.endive.Enuite, 16/32,v.invite, call.Er, 56/21,adv.ere, before. Er an = ere than = before that.Erecting, 1/1,pr. p.sustaining, strengthening.Erie, 57/11;Ery, 18/17,adj.every.Estate, 10/3,s.condition, position.Etch, 36/3,s.stubble,edish, q.v.Exceptions, 19/25,s. pl.differences, distinctions.Exeltred, 17/6,adj.furnished with an axle-tree.Expulsed, 1/4,v. pt. t.expelled, drove away.Extolst, 112/6,v. pr. t.praise, extol.Ey, 99/2,s.attention, forgetting his eye = neglecting his duty by staring or gaping about. SeeEie.F.Fall, 35/32,v. pr. t.are born.Falleth, 20/1,v. pr. t.falls off, loses flesh.Falt, 35/43,s.fault.Fansies, 2/13,s.fancies, whims.Fare, 2/5,s.treatment.Fare, 33/33,v.farrow, litter.Fare, 10/32,v.prosper, fare. A.S.faran.Farnesse, 14/4,s.distance, length.Fasting daie, 10/51,s.a day on which it was forbidden to eat food of any description.Fat, 18/34,adj.fattened beasts.Fat, 57/54,s.vat, vessel.Fats up, 15/28,v. pr. t.fattens up.Fautie, 99/2,adj.faulty.Fauoreth, 52/24,v. pr. t.help, improve.Fay, 77/4,s.faith, word. O. Fr.fei.Feaw, 56/48,adj.few, a few.Feawe, 50/1,adj.little time, while. A.S.feawe, few.Fees, 33/12,s. pl.pay, reward.Feft, 114/33,pp.enfeoffed, endowed.Fellowes, 57/9,s. pl.companions, mates. O. Icel.félagi, a companion.Fellowlie, 10/55,adj.friendly, neighbourly. Cf."Mine eyes ...Fallfellowlydrops."—Tempest, Act v. sc. i. 64.See also Abbot's Shaksperean Grammar, § 447.Fence, 63/2,s.defence, protection.Fenell, 39/13,s.fennel.Fœniculum vulgare.Fennie, 35/44,adj.mouldy, vinewed. "Moisi; mouldy, hoary, vinowed."—Cotgrave.Ferme, 10/13,s.farm.Fermer, 19/18,s.farmer.Fetches, 64/2,s. pl.tricks, stratagems. Harrison, Descript. of Eng., has: "it be a vertue to deal without anie suspiciousfetches," p. 115, ed. 1587.Fetherfew, 43/9,s.feverfew. So named from its supposed febrifugal qualities. A.S.feferfuge.Fetters, 17/21,s. pl.chains for the feet.Fewell, 50/30,s.fuel. O. Fr.fouaille, from L. Lat.focale, from Lat.focus, a hearth.Fide, 21/21,pp.purified, cleansed.Fie, 20/21,v.cleanse. Icel.fægja. Cf. Ger.fegen.Fieing, 53/18,v.cleaning out. Feying, "Cleaning a Ditch or Pond, so as the water may come clear."—T.R. SeeFie.Fiemble, 55/8,adj.a corruption offemale, the female hemp.*Fierbote, 65,s.the right to take wood for burning. See Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham, E.D.S.Filbeards, 34/9,s. pl.filberts. Various derivations have been given for this word: one, the most probable, fromfullandbeard, referring to the longbeardor husk with which it is provided: cf. Ger.bart-nusz=bearded nut.Filbellie, 10/40,s.extravagance in food.Filchers, 10/54,s. pl.pilferers. Scot. pilk = to pick. "She has pilkit his pouch."—Jamieson.Filcheth, 63/13,v. pr. t.steals, pilfers.*Fildes, 38,s. pl.fields.Fisgig, 77/8,s.a worthless fellow: a light-heeled wench.—Craven. "A fisgig, or fisking housewife,trotière."—Howell, 1660. Still in use in Lincolnshire.Fishdaie, 10/51,s.a day in which fish is allowed to be eaten, but no flesh.Fitchis, 53/11,s. pl.tares, vetches.Fitly, 92/3,adj.suitable, fit.Flacks, 50/16,s.flax. A.S.fleax. O. H. Ger.flaks.Flaies, 18/3s. pl.flails.Flap, 85/7,s.a stroke with the flail.Flawnes, 90/5,s. pl."A custard, generally made in raised paste. Fr.flan, a custard or egg-pie." "Aflawneor custard."—Baret's Alvearie, 1580.Fleering, 64/17,v. pr. p.laughing, grinning. "Tofleerand scorn at our solemnity."—Shakspere, Rom. and Jul. i. 5. "Ifleere, I make an yvell countenaunce with the mouthe by vncoveryng of the tethe."—Palsgrave.Fleming, 37/22, Flemming, 18/37,s.Dutchmen, Dutch coasting traders.Flixe, 18/41,s.a flux.Floted, 49/1,v. pt. t.skimmed off the cream. "Flet, as mylke or other lyke,despumatus."—Prompt. Parv. "Escréme, fleeted as milk."—Cotgrave.*Flotte, 72/e,pp.skimmed.Flower, 52/14,s.? floor.Flower armor, 43/10,s.The "floure gentill or purple velvet floure."—Lyte's Dodoens, p. 168. Fr.Floramor, in Cotgravela noble fleur, from its resemblance to the plumes worn by people of rank.Amaranthus tricolor.Flower gentle, 43/12,s.a species of Amaranth.Amaranthus spinosa.Flower de luce, 43/11,s.Iris, or flower-de-luce. Fr.fleur-de-lis. A plant of the genusIris, in particularIris pseudacorus, the yellow Iris or water flag.Foison, 35/4;Foizon, 114/37,s.plenty. "Foyzon is winter food."—T.R. Fr.foison, from Lat.fusionem, fromfundere. Cotgrave gives "Foison: f. store, plentie, abundance, great fullnesse, enough." The word still exists in the Scotchfoisonorfusion, and the adj.fusionlessorfissenless. Forby explains it as "Succulency, natural nutritive moisture," ase.g."there is nofoisonin this hay."Foistines, 57/5;Foistnes, 21/5;Foystines, 20/5,s.mustiness, mould. O. Fr.fust, a cask,fusté, tasting or smelling of the cask, musty.Foisty, 19/39,adj.musty.Fondlie, 10/26;Fondly, 67/9,adv.foolishly.Fon= to play the fool. Jamieson, Scott. Dict.For, 9/9,prep.in spite of, regardless of.For, 9/18. Here and in numerous instances in Tusserformeans "for fear of," "to prevent."Forbearer, 13/3,s.one who refuses.Forborne, 13/2,pp.withheld, refused.*Forehorse, 94,s.one who is always in advance with his work, never behindhand; the opposite to a procrastinator.Forke, 22/9,s.pitchfork, hayfork.*Fornight, 51,s.a fortnight.Forrough, 16/15,s.furrow. A.S.furh.Foyson, 10/6,s.plenty. SeeFoison.Fough, 102/5,interject, faugh! phew! an exclamation.Fraid, 2/8,v. pt. t.frightened, made afraid.Fraie, 53/22,s.quarrel, fray.Fraight, 114/24,s.freight, cargo.Frailnes, 10/62,s.frailty, uncertainty.Frame, 57/1,v.make.Framed, 2/15,pp.arranged, composed.Fransie, 88/4,s.madness.Fraud, 62/15,v.obtain by fraud.Fraught, 64/5,pp.laden, freighted.Fray, 77/4,s.disturbance, trouble.Freat, 23/2,v. imp.be vexed.Freat, 51/11,v.damage, decay, eat away."As doth an hidden mothThe inner garmentfret."—Spenser, Faery Queene, ii. 34.See Wedgwood's Dict.s.v.Fret.Freeseth, 35/1,v. pr. t.freezes. A.S.freosan. O. Icel.friosa. Dan.fryse.Frier, 86/14,s.friar.Fritters, 90/3s. pl.small pancakes with apples in them. "Frytoure,lagana(a pancake)."—Prompt. Parv. "A fritter or pancake; a kind of bread for children, asfrittersand wafers."—Baret's Alvearie, 1580.Froth, 35/3,adj.tender, perhaps originally = pulpy.Frower, 17/8,s.a frow, an iron instrument for rending or splitting laths. Also calledFrommard.Fumetorie, 44/7;Fumentorie, 91/3,s.Fumitory.Fumaria officinalis, so called from its rank disagreeable smell: formerly used as an anti-scorbutic: it is callederthesmok[earthsmoke] in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5.Furmentie pot, 90/7,s.hulled wheat boiled in milk, and seasoned with cinnamon, sugar, etc. See noteE458.G.Gadding, 10/51,v.going about gossipping.Gaffe, 22/18,v.man, gaffer. "Formerly a common mode of address, equivalent tofriend, neighbour."—Halliwell.Gage, 94/13,s.pawn, sweepeth to gage = hurries to pledge or place in pawn.*Gage, 53,v.assert, maintain.Galling, 57/31,v.causing sore or bare places.Gallond, 19/42,s.gallon.Gap, 114/20,s.an opening, cause.Gaping, 57/45,pr. p.being greedy, grasping.Garlike, 21/12,s.garlic.Garmander, 42/8,s.germander. Fr.gamandrée, from Lat.chamædrys.Garson, 33/41,s.boy, lad. Fr.garçon.
A.
Ad, 36/23,v. imp.add.
Addle, 51/6,v.increase in bulk.—T.R. Icel.ödlask= to gain, earn. "Adylle,adipisci, acquirere—Cath. Anglicum.
Adue, 3/8,int.adieu, farewell.
Aduise, 10/41,s.care, notice. "Take aduise of thy rent" = make preparations for paying your rent, by laying by for that purpose.
Afoord, 99/4,v.afford.
After claps, 49/d, s. pl.disagreeable consequences.
Whane thy frende ys thy foo,He wolle tell alle and more too;Beware of after clappes!—MS. Lansd. 762, f. 100.
After crop, 18/20,v.extract a second crop from the land.
Aile, 35/31,v.affects, is the matter with. A.S.eglan.
Aker, 10/14,s.acre.
Alexanders, 40/1,s. pl.the horse parsley. "Alexandre, the hearb great parsley, Alexanders or Alisaunders."—Cotgrave. See Lyte's Dodoens, p. 609.
All in all, 4/2, the principal point.
Alley, 15/35,s.paths, walk.
Allow, 33/30;Alow, 15/32,v. pr. t.recommend, approve of. O. Fr.alouer, from Lat.laudare.
Aloft, 33/56,adv.up.
Alowe, 115/2,adv.low down, deep; cf.114/23. Cf. "Why somme bealoweand somme alofte."—P. Plowman, B. Text, xii. 222.
Ambling, 95/2,adj.trotting, cantering.
Amends, 10/58,s.reparation, amendment.
Amisse, 89/13,adv.amiss, wrong.
Amitie, 9/18,s.friendship.
Andrew, 48/19, St. Andrew's Day, 30th November.
Among, 1/5,adv.at times; 27/4, euer among = constantly, always.
Anker, 13/5,s.anchor.
Annis, 45/1,s.anise. Lat.anisum.
Anoieng, 48/11,v.injuring, damaging. O. Fr.anoier, from Lat.nocere.
Anue, 10/37,adv.anew, again.
Aperne, 17/4,s.an apron. Fr.naperon, a large cloth, from Lat.nappa. O. Fr.appronaire= a woman's apron;appronier= a blacksmith's apron. "Barmeclothe or naprun."—Prompt. Parv.
Aqua composita, 91/1, see noteE459.
Araid, 48/22,pp.kept in order, regulated. O. Fr.arraier. A.S.gerædan= to get ready.
Arbor, 35/45,s.an arbour. O. Fr.herbier.
Armer, 2/4,s.help, assistance.
Arse, 51/4,s.buttocks, hind part. A.S.ears, ærs.
As, 57/47, which.
Assaie, 1/4,s.trial. O. Fr.assai.
Asunder, 17/11,v.break asunder or in pieces.
Atchiue, 69/1,v.finish, complete. O. Fr.achiever.
Athit, 16/6,adj.(?), "ill-breeders."—Mavor. Ill-conditioned.—Wright's Prov. Dict.
A too, 17/9,adv.in two, asunder.
Attainted, 75/8,pp.tainted; the expression "touched" is also in use. O. Fr.attaint, from Lat.attingere.
Attonement, 106/11,s.atonement.
Auke, 62/13,adj.unlucky (lit.backward, inverted, confused). "Awkeor wronge,sinister—Prompt. Parv.
Aumbrie, 75/2,s.cupboard, pantry. See Prompt. Parv.s.v.Awmebry. L. Lat.almonarium. See also Wedgwood, s.v.Ambry.
Auailes, p. 2,v. pr. t.is useful or profitable.
Auens, 39/1,s.herb bennet—geum urbanum. Welshafans. The roots gathered in the spring and put into ale give it a pleasant flavour.
Auise Avouse, 55/4, "is French jargon forassureyourself,take care."—Mavor.
Auouch, 10/12,v.own, acknowledge.
"I'll avouch it to his head."—Shak. Mids. Night's Dream, i. 1.
Awe, 56/2,s.August.
Ayer, 16/20,s.air.
B.
Baggage, 21/21,s.foul stuff, perhaps from Fr.bagasse.
Baggedglie tit, 16/6, worthless beasts, baggagely.
Baies, 81/2,s. pl.chidings, reproof. Halliwell has this word, misspeltbaics, as from Hunter's additions to Boucher.
Bailie, 10/18,s.bailiff, steward. Lat.bajulus. Fr.bailli.
Baiting, 85/2, feeding, eating.
Balke, 63/2,s."What is in some places called a mier bank, being narrow slips of land between ground and ground."—T.R. A.S.balc. Welshvalc, a strip of land. "A balke or banke of earth ranged or standing up betweene two furrowes."—Baret's Alvearie. Halliwell, s.v. Balk, refers to this passage and explains Balke as a piece of timber.
Ball, 95/2,s.a common name for a horse. In the Prompt. it is applied to a sheep, and in the Privy Purse expenses of Henry VIII. p. 43, to a dog.
Band, 56/17,s.bands or ropes of straw.
Bandes, 9/24,s.bonds, engagements.
Bandog, 10/19,s.a dog always tied up on account of his fierceness; according to Bewick a species of mastiff crossed with a bull-dog. Dutchband-hond.
Bane, 81/6,s.poison.
Bane, 46/23,s.ruin. A.S.bana. O. Icel.bani.
Banish, 9/29,v.free, clear.
Banket, 28/3,v. pr. t.feast, banquet.
Barberies, 34/3,s.barberry;berberis vulgaris, Linn.
Barberlie, 51/4,adv.like a barber.
Bare, 74/6,adj.uncouer your bare = strip the clothes off and whip you.
Barelie, 63/23,s.barley.
Bargaine, 16/3,s.contract, agreement.
Barth, 33/26,s.shelter. "Barth, ground floor, floor."—Spurrell's Welsh Dict. "A warm place or pasture for calves or lambs.—Ray. "A place near the farm-house well-sheltered."—T.R.
Bartilmewtide, 57/47, St. Bartholomew's Day, 24th August.
Bassel, 42/1,Bazell, 50/34,s.basil, much used in cookery, especially in France.Ocymum basilicum.—Gerard's Herball. So called probably from its being used in some royal (βασιλικον[Greek: basilicon]) medicine or bath.
Baulme, 42/2,s.balsam, contracted from Lat.balsamum.
Bauen, 57/33,s.light loose faggots. O. Fr.baffe= a faggot. "Baven, the smaller trees whose sole use is for the fire."—Skinner.
Bayted, 64*/7,pp.baited.
Beare off, 17/2,v.ward off, keep off.
Beare out, 16/10,v.keep off, protect from.
Beares, 20/1,v. pr. t.provides, furnishes.
*Bease, 57,s. pl.beasts, cows.
Beastlie, 20/2,adj.stupid, careless.
Beath, 23/9,v.to place before the fire, to straighten by heating.
Beck, 46/28,s.beak.
*Beclip, 30,v.anticipate, surprise.
Bedstraw, 19/40,s.clean straw.
Beene, 51/22,s.property, wealth. Fr.bien.
Beere, 96/84,s.bier.
Beetle, 22/1,s.a wooden club or mallet, its head hooped with iron, and studded all over with nails, used for splitting wood.
Beggerie, 10/40,s.beggary, poverty.
Begilde, 57/27,Beguilde, 10/56,pp.cheated, disappointed.
Begon, 99/5,pp.begun.
Behoouing, 2/5,adj.belonging, proper to.
Bellifull, 46/27,s.sufficiency, satisfaction.
Bent, 113/3,pp.inclined, disposed.
Beshreawd, 102/7,pp.ruined, cursed. Connected with theshrewmouse, to which deadly qualities were at one time attributed.
Bestad, 114/23,pp.circumstanced, situated.
Bestowe, 16/34,v. imp.place, arrange.
Betanie, 45/3,s.the plant Betony,Betonica officinalis, Linn.
Betwix, 74/2,adv.between. A.S.betwix.
Bewraies, 108/4,v. pr. t.betrays.
Bex, 37/12,s. pl.beaks. Fr.bec, pl.becs.
Biefe, 21/11,s.beef.
Big, 33/36,s.teat, pap. A.S.bige, a bosom.—Bailey's Dict. 1735. It also occurs in Gifford's Dialogue on Witches, 1603.
Bil, 17/8;Bill, 33/22,s.billhook.
Bilde, 95/6,v.build.
Billet, 53/12,s.chopped-up wood.
Bin, 107/1,pp.been.
Blabs, 100/3,s. pl.chatterboxes, talkative persons. "Cacqueteur, babillard, baquenaudier, bavard. Ablab, a long tongue: one that telleth whatsoever he heareth."—Nomenclator, 1585.
Blade, 19/14,s.blades of grass.
Blaze, 108/4,v.spread abroad the report of, blaze abroad. Cf. Spenser, F. Q., I. xi. 7. A.S.blæsan, to blow.
Blenge, 100/3,v.blenge, mix.
Blessed thistle, 44/1,s.so called from its supposed power of counteracting the effects of poison;Carduus benedictus.
Blew, 43/3,adj.blue.
Blindfild, 90/3,adj.blindfold.
Blisse, 2/3,v.bless, praise.
Block in the fier, 10/57, a block of wood in the fire.
Blocks, 17/11,s. pl.blocks of wood, trunks and stumps of trees.
Bloodwoort, 39/4,s.bloody-veined dock,Rumex sanguineus.
Blouse, 16/37,s.red-faced wife or girl. "A girl or wench whose face looks red by running abroad in the wind and weather is called ablouz, and said to have ablouzingcolour. "—Kennett, MS. Lansd. 1033. See also Thoresby's Letter to Ray, E.D. Soc. B. 17.
Blowne, 2/10,pp.reported.
Bobbed, 114/5,pp.pouting.
Boddle, 51/11,s."a weed like the Mayweed, but bears a large yellow flower."—T.R. From Dutchbuidel, a purse, because it bearsgoolsorgoldins, gold coins, Dutchgulden, a punning allusion to its yellow flowers.
Boies, 57/34,s. pl.boys.
Bold, 2/9,v. pt. t.embolden, encourage.
Bold, 63/22,adj.proud.
Boll, 83/2,s.washing-bowl, tub.
Bolted, 67/2,pp.sifted, examined. Bolted-bread = a loaf of sifted wheat meal mixed with rye. SeeBoltandBolting-clothin Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham.
Boollesse, 34/4,s.bullace, small tartish plums, black or yellow. Called in Cambridgeshire "Cricksies." "I believe the word to be Celtic: Irishbulos, a prune, Bretonpolos, a bullace, Gaelicbulaistear, a bullace, a sloe."—Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat. "A bullace, frute,pruneolum."—Manip. Vocab.
Boone, 62/17,s.request, prayer.
Boord, 23/12,s.boards, planks.
Boorde, 88/1,s.the table, meals.
Bootie, 48/14,s.booty, prey.
Borough, 33/7,s.burrows, warren. A.S.beorg,beorh.
Botch, 74/5,v. imp.patch.
Botles, 43/3,s.chrysanthemum. "Boyul or bothule, herbe or Cowslope,Vactinia."—Prompt. Parv.
Bots, 45/22,s. pl.a disease (worms) troublesome to horses. Gaelicbotus, a bott;boiteag, a maggot.
Bottle, 21/15,s.the leathern bottle.
Bowd, 19/39,s.weevil,Curculio granarius; bowd-eaten = eaten by weevils. "Bowde, malte worme." "Malte bowde or wevyl."—Prompt. Parv.
Bowe, 17/13,s.bow.
Bows, 36/12,s. pl.boughs, sticks. A.S.bog, boh.
Brag, 19/14,s.boast, sham, pretence; 94/16, value, estimation.
Braggeth, 62/1,v. pr. t.boasts, brags. Welshbragiaw. Fr.braguer.
Brake, 15/33,s.underwood, ferns, etc. Brakes, "Their light firing in Norfolk, that is wherewith they bake and brew."—T.R.
Brall, 77/11,v.quarrelling, scolding.
Bralling, 101/4,adj.brawling, quarrelsome.
Brank, 19/20,s.Buck-wheat.Polygonum fagopyrum. "Brance, bearded red wheat."—Cotgrave. "Brance" occurs in Pliny's Hist. Nat. xviii. c. 7.
Brats, 81/6,s. pl.children.
Brauling, 48/15,s.quarrels, contention.
Braue, 94/2,adj.fine, grand.
Brauerie, 9/12,s.show, boast.
Brawne, 31/2,s.brawn, originally the flesh of the wild boar, but used for flesh generally. O. Fr.braon, braion.
Brawneth, 16/22,v. pr. t.fatteneth.
Breaching, 2/11,s.breaking, breach.
Breadcorne, 19/20,s."leguminous crops."—Wright's Dict.
Breaker, 95/2,s.horse-breaker.
Breaketh his credit, 10/37, fails to do what he has promised.
Breakhedge, 15/36,s.trespassers and others who break down fences, or make gaps in hedges.
Breathely, 33/38,adj.worthless. See Halliwell, s.v. Bretheling.
Brecke, 16/16,s.breach, gap. A.S.brecan, to break.
Breede, 10/31,v.cause, generate.
Breeders, 12/2,s. pl.good time for breeding.
Breeding, 2/10,s.origin, source.
Breers, 114/2,s. pl.briars, thorns, hence troubles and difficulties.
Bremble, 36/23,s.bramble, briar.
Brest, 11/7,v.nurse.
Brest, 114/6,s.voice. See noteE495.
Breth, 107/4,s.breath.
Bribing, 10/27,v.thieving, stealing. Ibribe, I pull, I pyll."—Palsgrave. See Mr. Skeat's note to P. Plowman, xxiii. 262.
Brineth, 75/8,v. pr. t.cure with brine or salt.
Brooketh, 94/10,v. pr. t.endures, allows.
Brothell, 10/20,v.riotous, dissipated. See Halliwell,s.v.Brethel.
Brows, 33/11, feed on, nibble. O. Fr.brousterfrombroust, a sprout. "Yode forth abroade unto the greenewood tobrowzeor play."—Spenser, Shep. Cal. May. "Browse, or meat for beastes in snowtyme.Vesca."—Huloet.
Brue, 15/33,v.brew. A.S.briwan.
Brush, 17/14,s.underwood, brushwood.
Brushed cote, 49/b, a beating; cf. "a dusted jacket."
Buck, 50/13,s.buckwheat. Dutchboekweit.
Buckle, 96/84,v. imp.prepare, get ready; cf.buckle to.
Bucks, 74/5,s. pl.a quantity of linen washed at once, a tub-full of linen ready for washing.Bouckfatt, a washing-tub (Unton Inventories, p. 28). Lay your bucks = get your linen ready for washing.
Buglas, 39/5,s.bugloss,Lycopsis arvensis, Linn.
Buie, 3/8,v.;Buieng, 56/4, buy.
Bulchin, 33/36,s.a bull-calf.
Bullimong, 19/30,s.a mixture of oats, peas and vetches, or buckwheat. Possibly a corruption of Lat.pulmentum.
Burch, 92/4,s.the rod, birch.
Burrage, 39/7,s.borage.Borago officinalis. The flowers were supposed to be cordial and excitative of courage, especially if infused in wine; whence the derivation Celticborr, pride,borrach, a haughty man.
Burs, 63/16,s. pl.the burdock. "Bourre, the downe or hairie coat, wherewith divers herbs, fruites, and flowers are covered."—Cotgrave.
Bushets, 37/19,s. pl.small shoots from bushes.
Busht, 42/1,adj.thick, spreading.
Buttrice, 17/4,s.a farrier's tool used in shoeing horses to pare the hoofs.
Buttrie, 89/5,s.pantry, cupboard.
Buzard, 46/28,s.buzzard.
By and bie, 57/15,adv.presently.
C.
Cabben, 16/23,s.house, sty.
Cace, 67/26,s.case, point.
Cadow, 46/28,s.jackdaw. "Cadesse, Daw, Jackdaw."—Cotgrave. "Cad-dow, a Jackdaw or Chough, Norfolk."—Bailey's Dict. See note in Prompt. Parv., s.v. Cadaw.
Calling, 9/1,s.station in life.
Camamel, 42/3,s.Camomile. Lat.chamæmelum. χαμαιμηλον [Greek: chamaimeilon], earth-apple, from the smell of its flowers.
Campe, 22/24,v.to play football. A.S.camp= a contest. See Ray's Glossary, E. D. Soc. p. xvi.
Campers, 22/24,s. pl.football players. See noteE133.
Campions, 43/5,s.Red Lychnis or Campion,Lychnis diurna.
Candlemas, page 84, footnote 5,s.2nd February, so called from the great number of lights used on that day, being the feast of the Purification of the Virgin Mary.
Canteth, 94/8,v. pr. t.? scanteth,i.e.is economical. The edition of 1573 readsfranteth, which is a Somerset word meaningto be careful. Canteth, according to Halliwell, means "divides,"i.e.does not use up everything at once, but only what is wanted for the time.
Canuas, 57/54,s.canvas.
Capitaine cheefe, 10/19, head or chief captain.
Capon, 31/3,s.a castrated cock.
Careles, 35/4,adj.unwilling, not anxious.
Carkas, 26/4,s.corpse, body. Fr.carcasse.
Carke, 114/15,v.to be anxious. "I carke, I care, I take thought,je chagrine"—Palsgrave. "Waile we the wight whose absence is ourcarke."—Spenser, Shep. Cal. November.
*Carnels, 101,s. pl.seeds of the haw, briar, etc. Cf.ch. 18. st. 48and36. 13.
Carrege, 56/21,s.carrying home.
Carren, 18/36,s.carrion, carcasses, M.E.caroigne. Fr.charogne, from It.carogna, Lat.caronem.
Carrenly, 19/36,adj.rotting, putrifying.
Cart gap, 56/13,s.the openings for carts to pass from one field to another.
Cartwrite, 58/5,s.cartwright.
Cast, 10/41,v.to count up, reckon.
Cast, 20/3,v. pr. t.to clean the threshed corn by casting it from one side of the barn to the other, that the light grains and dust may fall out. For this purpose is used askuttle, q.v.
Cast, 33/52,v. imp.give over, throw up.
Casting, 65/8,adj.that throw up the earth as they burrow through it.
Cater, 10/16,s.caterer, provider. "Catera steward, a manciple, a prouider of Cates."—Baret's Alvearie. "Cates, dainty provisions."—Bailey's Eng. Dict. 1737.
Cawme, 56/15,adj.calm, settled.
Challenge, 72/1,v.claim. O. Fr.chalenger.
Champion (title),s.plain open country. Fr.champagne, from Lat.campania, fromcampus= a field. "Worstershire, Bedfordshire, and many other well-mixt soiles, where the Champaigne and couert are of equall largeness."—G. Markham, Husbandman's Recreations, c. i.
Champions, 16/2,s. pl.inhabitants of counties where lands are open and unenclosed.
Chancing, 9/30,v.happening, falling out.
Chapman, 19/27,s.bargainer, dealer. A.S.ceapman.
Charge, 84/2,s.trouble, expense. Compare All's Well that Ends Well, ii. 3, 121: "She had her breeding at my father's charge."
Charged, 10/8,pp.burdened, busy, anxious.
Charges, 23/6,s. pl.works, troubles.
Charuiel, 45/4,s.the plant Chervil.Chærophyllum temulentum, Linn. Whence A.S.cærfille, Fr.cerfeuil.
Chaunting, 16/31,v.crying, yelling.
Cheanie, 2/6, Jeanie, Jennie.
Cheere, 22/28,v.enjoy oneself.
Cheere, 57/26,s.enjoyment, merriment.
Chees, 48/20,s.cheese. Lat.caseus; whence O. H. Ger.chasi, A.S.cêse.
Chein, 17/10,s.chain.
Cherie, 33/58,s.cherry. Lat.cerasus; whence A.S.cirse, Fr.cerise.
Chikins, 38/33,s. pl.chickens, young fowls.
Chinke, 46/27,s.money. A word formed from the sound of coinjinglingtogether.
Chip, 57/32,s.wood-choppings.
Chippings, 86/3,s. pl.fragments of bread. "Chapplis, bread-chippings."—Cotgrave.
Choised, 57/34,pp.selected, chosen. Fr.choix, choice.
Chopping, 57/40,s.exchange, barter. "Choppe and chaunge,mercor."—Huloet. A.S.ceapan.
Churle, 10/50,s.an ill-bred, disagreeableperson. A.S.ceorl, a freeman of the lowest rank.
Cinqfile, 45/5,s.cinquefoil.Potentilla, Linn.
Clap, 10/22,s.blow, stroke; "at a clap" = at once.
Clapper, 36/25,s.a rabbit burrow or warren. "Cony hole orclapar"—Palsgrave. "Aclapperfor conies, i.e. a heap of stones, earth, with boughes or such like wherinto they may retire themselves."—Minsheu. Fr.clapier. L. Lat.clapa.
Clarie, 39/9,s.meadow sage.Salvia pratensis.
Clauestock, 17/20,s.a chopper for splitting wood.
Cleerely, 16/25,adj.clear.
Clicket, 77/9,v.chatter. "If I disturb you with myclicketten, tell me so, David, and I won't."—C. Dickens in David Copperfield. "A tatling huswife, whoseclicketis ever wagging."—Cotgrave.
Clim, 56/23,s.? Clement.
Clime, 57/30,v.climb. A.S.climban.
Clod, 114/37,s.earth, hence = landed property.
Clog, 89/1,s.charge, duty.
Closet, 14/3,s.retirement, seclusion.
Closeth, 62/5,v. pr. t.incloses, fences in.
Closier, page 2,s.enclosures. Fr.closure.
Clot, 33/24,s.clods. A.S.clûd. "Clodde or clotte lande,occo."—Huloet.
*Cloughted, 89,pp.SeeClouted.
Clout, 67/16,s.piece of cloth. A.S.clût, a little cloth. Mid. Eng.clout, clutian, clutien, to patch.
Clouts, Cloutes, 17/10,s.an instrument similar to theplowstaff, shod with iron and used for breaking large clods, etc.
Clouted, 17/6,pp."having the Axle-tree armed with Iron plates."—T.R. O. Fr.clouet, dimin. ofclou, a nail, from Lat.clavus. See Nares, s.v. Clout.
Coast, 63/7,s.country, district. O. Fr.coste, from Lat.costa, a rib, side.
Coast man, 36/22,s.masters of coasting vessels.
Cobble, 74/5,v. imp.patch, mend.
Cock, 53/4,v. imp.put into cocks, or small stacks.
Cocking, 95/5,adj.over-indulgent.
Cockle, 46/13,s.the weed corn-rose,Agrostemma githago, Linn. Cockle or Cokyl is used by Wycliffe and other old writers in the sense of a weed generally.
Cockneies, 92/4,s. pl.spoilt or effeminate boys. See noteE460, and Halliwell, s.v. Cockney.
Cocks, 57/16,s. pl.small conical heaps of hay or corn.
Codware, 19/26,s.all plants that bear pods (or cods); peas, beans, etc. "Pescodde,escosse de poix."—Palsgrave. A S.codd. Welsh,cod, cwd, a small bag.
Coeme, Coome, 17/7,s.a measure of half a quartern. A.S.cumb.—Somner. "There is no such word in A.S. ascumb; it is one invented by Somner, so that the (so-called) A.S.cumbis really derived from Eng.coomb"—Note by Rev. W. W. Skeat.
Cofer up, 10/61,v.to hoard up, lock up.
Cofers, 16/4,s. pl.money-boxes.
Cog, 63/14,v.cheat, defraud. "Cog a dye, to load a die."—Cotgrave. "A cogger,un pipeur. To cogge,piper"—The French Schoolemaster, 1636.
Coile, 4/1,s.bustle, hard work; cf. Fr.cuellée, a mob, tumult.
Cold, 91/2,adj.cooling.
Cole, 57/31,s.turf, peat.
Colewort, 39/10,s.or collet, cabbage.Brassica oleracea, Linn.
Collembines, 43/4,s. pl.columbine. Lat.columbina,adj.fromcolumba, a pigeon, from the resemblance of its nectaries to the heads of pigeons in a ring round a dish, a favourite device of ancient artists.—Dr. R. A. Prior.
Comfort, 19/19,s.strength, fertility.
Commodities, 37/17,s. pl.advantages.
Compact, 112/1,pp.composed. Lat.compactus, fromcompango. "Love is a spirit allcompactof fire."—Venus and Adonis, 149.
Compas, 47/3,s.manure, compost. O. Fr.compost, from Lat.compositum.
Compassing, 56/1,s.manuring.
*Compast, 11,pp.manured.
*Compound, 11,v. imp.agree, arrange.
Confer, page 2,v.compare. Lat.conferre.
Confound, 67/27,v.destroy, spoil.
Conie, 15/20,s.a term of endearment.
Conies, 63/10,s. pl.rabbits. Welshcwning. Irishcoinni. Lat.cuniculus, cognate with Lat.cuneus(what cleaves, a wedge), and comes from the Sanskrit rootkhan= to dig.—Palmer.
Conserue, 91/3, preserve.
Constancie, 9/23,s.consistency, firmness.
Conster, 114/34,v.understand.
Contemne, 106/7,v. pr. t.despise. Lat.contemnere.
Continue, 19/35,v.to breed from, to keep up stock from.
Contrarie, 67/25,v. imp.oppose, contradict.
Cooples, 10/6,s.couples, husband and wife.
Coosen, 63/14,v.cheat, swindle. Shakespere'scozen.
Copie, 47/8,s.coppice.
Coresie, 19/24,s.annoyance, trouble.
Cornet plums, 34/7,s.cornel plums, cornel cherries.
Corneth, 75/8,v. pr. t.preserve and season, cure.
Corps, 53/1,s.body.
Cost, 32/5,s.coast, country. SeeCoast.
Costmarie, 42/4,s.costmary, called also ale-cost,Balsamita vulgaris.
Cote, 58/11,v.cogitate, reflect.
Coted, 2/8,v. pt. t.took note of, wrote down. "Howe scripture shulde becoted(quoted)."—Skelton, Colin Clout, l. 758.
Count, 10/21,v.reckon, "be to counte" = be of account, be worth.
Counterfait, 64/29,adj.counterfeit, sham, false.
Coursest, 55/4,adj.coarsest.
Court, 86/10,s.account, examination.
Cousleps, 42/5,s. pl.cowslips.
Couert, 63/5, covert, underwood.
Couertlie, 9/5,adv.closely.
Cowlaske, page 4,s.diarrhœa in cattle. See Fletcher's Differences, 1623, p. 33. Laske,v.= torelax, slacken. See Glossary to "William of Palerne," E. E. Text Soc. edit. Skeat.
Coxcombe, 64/18;Coxcome, 10/48,s.The cap of the licensed fool had often on the top a cock's head and comb and some of the feathers. Therefore he "strives for a coxcome" = he will only succeed in proving his own folly.
Crabs, 15/17,s. pl.crab apples.
Cracketh, 10/37,v. pr. t.half breaks, injures.
Cradle, 17/14,s."A three-forked instrument of wood, on which the corn is caught as it falls from the sithe."—T.R.
Crake, 18/21,v.brag, boast. Dutchkraaken.
Crakers, 54/4,s. pl.boasters.
Cram, 114/15,v.feed up, satisfy.
Creake, 47/2, "to cry creak" = "to be afraid," "to desist from any object, to repent."—Halliwell.
Credit crackt, 4/1, credit or trust broken.
Creekes, 49/4,s. pl.corners, seek creekes = hide herself.
Creekes, 38/26,s. pl.servants.
Creepinglie, 9/32,adv.stealthily, by degrees.
Cresies, 40/5,s.cress. Fr.cresson. M. Lat.crissomumfrom Lat.crescere, to grow, "a celeritate crescendi."
Crome, 17/19,s."Like a dung-rake with a very long handle."—T.R.
Crone, 56/46,v. imp.pick out the crones, i.e. the old ewes. The meaning is, weed out your flocks.
Crones, 12/4,s. pl."Ewes, whose teeth are so worn down that they can no longer keep their sheep-walk."—T.R.
Crooked, 57/46,adj.deformed.
Croppers, 18/19,s.the best or most productive crops.
Croppers, 19/20,s. pl.persons who extract crop after crop from the land.
Crosse, 46/9,s.a cross-piece.
Crosse, 9/29,v.happen, result unfavourably.
Crosses, 9/29,s.troubles, misfortunes.
Crosserowe, page 3,s.called also Christcrossrow; the alphabet. "A is the name of the first letter in theCrosrowe."—Baret's Alvearie.
Crotch, 51/10,s."a curved weeding tool."—T.R.
Crotches, 60/11,s. pl.crutches. A.S.cryce. L. Lat.croccia, crucca. H. Ger.krücke.
Crotchis, 57/51,s. pl.crooks, hooks. O. Fr.croche.
Crowchmas, 50/36,s.St. Helen's Day,3rd May, being the feast of the Invention of the Holy Cross.
Crowe, 46/9,s.crowbar.
Cubboord, 89/5,s.cupboard.
Culters, 17/10,s. pl.coulters.
Cumbersome, 10/13,adj.troublesome, vexatious, oppressive.
Cummin, 45/6,s.cumin, a plant resembling fennel, cultivated for its seeds, which have a bitterish warm taste, and are used like those of anise and carraway. Arabickammûn. Hebrewkammôn.
Cunnie, 36/25,s.rabbit.
Currant, 10/44,adj.current coin, good coin.
Currey, 64*/2,v.gain by flattery. On the origin of this phrase see "Leaves from a Word-Hunter's Note Book," by Rev. A. S. Palmer, p. 63.
Custome, 77/1,s.custom, habit; of custome = as a matter of course.
Curtesie, 9/8,s.courtesy, respect.
D.
*Dablith, 27,v. pr. t.make wet and dirty.
Dads, 95/5,s. pl.fathers.
Daffadondillies, 43/7,s. pl.daffodils.Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Linn.
Daieth, 62/8,v. pr. t.names some future day for payment, i.e. buys on credit.
"The moste part of my debtters have honestly payed,And they that were not redy I have gentlydayed."—Wager's Cruell Debter, 1566.
*Dainty, 94,adj.difficult, lit. choice, excellent.
Dallops, 54/5,s. pl."A patch or bit of ground lying here and there among the corn."—T.R. 57/17, "Tufts of corn such as are commonly seen where dung-heaps have stood too long, or in shady places."—T.R.
Damsens, 34/8,s. pl.damsons, contracted fromdamascene= theDamascusplum.
Dank, 22/11,adj.damp, wet.
Dare, 2/7,v.pain, grieve. A.S.daru, hurt.
Darnell, 65/1,s.darnel, the plantLolium perenne. "Darnell or Iuraye in Englishe also called Raye."—Dodoens, Newe Herball, 1578.
Darth, 63/24,s.dearth, dearness of food, etc.
*Daunger, 90/8, risk.
Daw, 99/2,s.simpleton, sluggard.
Day, 57/8,s.day-work, time-work.
Dead, 78/4,adj.flat (beer). Cf. "Pallyd, as drynke,emortuus."—Prompt. Parv.
Deaw, 56/48,s.dew, damp.
Deckt, 106/2,pp.adorned, beautified.
Defende, 86/7,v.avoid, prevent.
Deintily, 19/37,adv.dearly.
Delaide, 66/7,pp.tempered, moderated.
Delue, 21/19,v. imp.dig. A.S.delf, delfan= to dig, from Goth.dailjan= to deal, divide. Cf. Ger.thal, Eng.dale.
Deluing, 36/17,pr. p.burrowing.
Depart, 10/56,v. imp.give away, part with.
Descant, 68/5,v.comment. O. Fr.deschanter, from L. Lat.discantare.
Despaire, 57/10;Dispaire, 63/9,s.injury, damage.
Despight, 106/12,s.despite.
Det, 114/38,s.debt.
Detanie, 45/8,s.Dittany or Pepperwurt, apparently a corruption of Lat.dictamnus, of which Dodoens says:—"It is fondly and unlearnedly called in English Dittany. It were better in following the Douchemen to call it Pepperwurt."—Book v. c. 66. WelshDdittain.
Dew-retting, 16/25,s.steeping flax by leaving it out all night on the grass. SeeWater-retting.
Diall, 68/7,s.sundial.
Dible, 46/24,s.a planting or setting stick, a dimin. ofdib = dipand allied totip= a sharp point. "Debbyll, or settyng stycke."—Huloet.
Dicing, 10/40,s.gambling.
Didall, 17/19,s."A triangular spade, as sharp as a knife, excellent to bank ditches, where the earth is light and pestered with a sedgy weed."—T.R.
Dide, 114/11,v. pt. t.died.
Digest, 11/4,v.quiet, sooth.
Dight, 23/19,pp.prepared, treated. A.S.dihtan.
Dike, 3/7,s.ditch, dike, fence. A.S.díc.
Dill, 44/3,s.dill. A.S.dil. Antheum graveolens.
Dippings, 86/3,s. pl.dripping, grease, etc., collected by the cook.
Discharge, 53/3,v.relieve you of the trouble.
Discurtesy, 9/19,s.incivility, rudeness.
Dispaire, 57/53,v.injure, depreciate.
Dissurie, 114/26,s.the strangury.
Distaffe, 67/15,s.distaff.
Docking the dell, 10/40, dissipation. See Grose's Dict. s.v.Dock.
Docks, 17/11,s. pl.weeds.
*Dockes, 27,s. pl.?
Dole, 33/16,s.share.
Doles, 48/6,s. pl.boundary marks, either a post or a mound of earth; also, a balk or slip of unploughed ground.
Dolt, 33/37,s.stupid, fool.
Don, 106/21,pp.done.
Doo of, 33/39,v. imp.get rid of.
Doong, 19/29,s.dung, manure.
Doong Crone, 17/7,s.a crook or staff with hooked end for drawing dung.
Doonged, 53/21,pp.dunged, manured.
Doted, 2/8,v. pt. t.became foolish, was silly. Fr.dotter, radoter, to dote, rave.—Cotgrave. Cf. Piers Plowman, "Thoudoteddaffe."
Doughtful, 115/3,adj.doubtful.
Douse, 10/7,s.strumpet, prostitute; the same word asDoxy. Halliwell,s.v.Douce, quotes this passage, and rendersdouseby "a pat in the face," but s.v. Dowse he gives the correct meaning.
Dout, 87/7,s.danger, risk, difficulty.
Doues, 56/24,s. pl.doves, pigeons.
Dowebake, 79/2,s.dough, underbaked bread.
Drab, 77/5,s.sloven, loose woman.
Dragons, 45/7,s.the herb Serpentine, Serpentarie, or Dragonwort.
Dredge, 16/13,s.a mixture of oats and barley. "Dragge, menglyd corne (drage or mestlyon),mixtio."—Prompt. Parv. See NoteE91.
Drest, 49/8,pp.treated.
Dreue, 35/42,Driue, 33/42,v.follow you up, press you.
Dreuils, 114/12,Driuell, 79/1,s.wasters, spendthrifts.
Drift, 10/13,s.end, aim, design, 114/39, course, such drift to make = to drift along in such a manner.
Drines, 53/20,s.dryness.
Drinke corn, 18/24,s.barley.
Driping, 35/14,v.dripping on, keeping wet.
Driue, 16/20,v.drive out of their hives for the purpose of taking the honey.
Droie, 81/3,s.a drudge, servant. See note in Prompt. Parv. s.v.Deye.
Drousie, 89/4,adj.the drowsy, the sleepy.
Drout, 14/3,s.drought, dry weather.
Drowseth, 62/13,v. pr. t.droops, gives way.
Drudge, 7/1,s.slave, mean servant.
Duck, 55/6,s.docks, dockweed.
Dun, 82/2,pp.finished, done for.
Dy, 35/24,s.a die, as close as a dy = as close as possible.
E.
Earthes, 35/50,s. pl.a ploughing. A.S.earian. Lat.arare, to plough. In the Catholicon Anglicum we find "A dayserth or daysardawe,juger, jugerum." See also Ray and Halliwell, s.v.Arders.
Easeth, 94/9,v. pr. t.indulges, pleases.
Eaw, 67/24,s.ewe.
Eb, 14/5,s.ebb. A.S.ebba.
Ech, 57/23,adj.each.
Edder, 33/13,s."Such fence wood as is commonly put upon the top of Fences and binds or interweaves each other."—T.R.
Edish, 18/4,s.stubble after the corn is cut. Roughings.Ediscis an old Saxon word signifying sometimesroughings, aftermathes. See Glossaries, B 15, B 16, E. D. Soc.
Edmond, St., 20/12, St. Edmund's Day, 20th November.
Eie, 57/9,s.eye, attention.
Eiebright, 44/5,s.common eyebright,Euphrasia officinalis, formerly much used as a remedy for diseases of the eye.
Eies, 114/4,s. pl.eyes.
Eke, 66/6,adv.also, too, A.S.eac, ec.
Elfe, 114/14,s.creature; 86/11, a servant.
Elues, 22/3,s. pl.young cattle.
Embraid, 113/7,v. imp.upbraid, abuse.
Embrings, 12/6,s. pl.the Ember-days, being the Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday after the first Sunday in Lent, the feast of Whitsuntide, the 14th September, and the 13th December.
Endiue, 91/2,s.endive.
Enuite, 16/32,v.invite, call.
Er, 56/21,adv.ere, before. Er an = ere than = before that.
Erecting, 1/1,pr. p.sustaining, strengthening.
Erie, 57/11;Ery, 18/17,adj.every.
Estate, 10/3,s.condition, position.
Etch, 36/3,s.stubble,edish, q.v.
Exceptions, 19/25,s. pl.differences, distinctions.
Exeltred, 17/6,adj.furnished with an axle-tree.
Expulsed, 1/4,v. pt. t.expelled, drove away.
Extolst, 112/6,v. pr. t.praise, extol.
Ey, 99/2,s.attention, forgetting his eye = neglecting his duty by staring or gaping about. SeeEie.
F.
Fall, 35/32,v. pr. t.are born.
Falleth, 20/1,v. pr. t.falls off, loses flesh.
Falt, 35/43,s.fault.
Fansies, 2/13,s.fancies, whims.
Fare, 2/5,s.treatment.
Fare, 33/33,v.farrow, litter.
Fare, 10/32,v.prosper, fare. A.S.faran.
Farnesse, 14/4,s.distance, length.
Fasting daie, 10/51,s.a day on which it was forbidden to eat food of any description.
Fat, 18/34,adj.fattened beasts.
Fat, 57/54,s.vat, vessel.
Fats up, 15/28,v. pr. t.fattens up.
Fautie, 99/2,adj.faulty.
Fauoreth, 52/24,v. pr. t.help, improve.
Fay, 77/4,s.faith, word. O. Fr.fei.
Feaw, 56/48,adj.few, a few.
Feawe, 50/1,adj.little time, while. A.S.feawe, few.
Fees, 33/12,s. pl.pay, reward.
Feft, 114/33,pp.enfeoffed, endowed.
Fellowes, 57/9,s. pl.companions, mates. O. Icel.félagi, a companion.
Fellowlie, 10/55,adj.friendly, neighbourly. Cf.
"Mine eyes ...Fallfellowlydrops."—Tempest, Act v. sc. i. 64.
See also Abbot's Shaksperean Grammar, § 447.
Fence, 63/2,s.defence, protection.
Fenell, 39/13,s.fennel.Fœniculum vulgare.
Fennie, 35/44,adj.mouldy, vinewed. "Moisi; mouldy, hoary, vinowed."—Cotgrave.
Ferme, 10/13,s.farm.
Fermer, 19/18,s.farmer.
Fetches, 64/2,s. pl.tricks, stratagems. Harrison, Descript. of Eng., has: "it be a vertue to deal without anie suspiciousfetches," p. 115, ed. 1587.
Fetherfew, 43/9,s.feverfew. So named from its supposed febrifugal qualities. A.S.feferfuge.
Fetters, 17/21,s. pl.chains for the feet.
Fewell, 50/30,s.fuel. O. Fr.fouaille, from L. Lat.focale, from Lat.focus, a hearth.
Fide, 21/21,pp.purified, cleansed.
Fie, 20/21,v.cleanse. Icel.fægja. Cf. Ger.fegen.
Fieing, 53/18,v.cleaning out. Feying, "Cleaning a Ditch or Pond, so as the water may come clear."—T.R. SeeFie.
Fiemble, 55/8,adj.a corruption offemale, the female hemp.
*Fierbote, 65,s.the right to take wood for burning. See Peacock's Gloss. of Manley and Corringham, E.D.S.
Filbeards, 34/9,s. pl.filberts. Various derivations have been given for this word: one, the most probable, fromfullandbeard, referring to the longbeardor husk with which it is provided: cf. Ger.bart-nusz=bearded nut.
Filbellie, 10/40,s.extravagance in food.
Filchers, 10/54,s. pl.pilferers. Scot. pilk = to pick. "She has pilkit his pouch."—Jamieson.
Filcheth, 63/13,v. pr. t.steals, pilfers.
*Fildes, 38,s. pl.fields.
Fisgig, 77/8,s.a worthless fellow: a light-heeled wench.—Craven. "A fisgig, or fisking housewife,trotière."—Howell, 1660. Still in use in Lincolnshire.
Fishdaie, 10/51,s.a day in which fish is allowed to be eaten, but no flesh.
Fitchis, 53/11,s. pl.tares, vetches.
Fitly, 92/3,adj.suitable, fit.
Flacks, 50/16,s.flax. A.S.fleax. O. H. Ger.flaks.
Flaies, 18/3s. pl.flails.
Flap, 85/7,s.a stroke with the flail.
Flawnes, 90/5,s. pl."A custard, generally made in raised paste. Fr.flan, a custard or egg-pie." "Aflawneor custard."—Baret's Alvearie, 1580.
Fleering, 64/17,v. pr. p.laughing, grinning. "Tofleerand scorn at our solemnity."—Shakspere, Rom. and Jul. i. 5. "Ifleere, I make an yvell countenaunce with the mouthe by vncoveryng of the tethe."—Palsgrave.
Fleming, 37/22, Flemming, 18/37,s.Dutchmen, Dutch coasting traders.
Flixe, 18/41,s.a flux.
Floted, 49/1,v. pt. t.skimmed off the cream. "Flet, as mylke or other lyke,despumatus."—Prompt. Parv. "Escréme, fleeted as milk."—Cotgrave.
*Flotte, 72/e,pp.skimmed.
Flower, 52/14,s.? floor.
Flower armor, 43/10,s.The "floure gentill or purple velvet floure."—Lyte's Dodoens, p. 168. Fr.Floramor, in Cotgravela noble fleur, from its resemblance to the plumes worn by people of rank.Amaranthus tricolor.
Flower gentle, 43/12,s.a species of Amaranth.Amaranthus spinosa.
Flower de luce, 43/11,s.Iris, or flower-de-luce. Fr.fleur-de-lis. A plant of the genusIris, in particularIris pseudacorus, the yellow Iris or water flag.
Foison, 35/4;Foizon, 114/37,s.plenty. "Foyzon is winter food."—T.R. Fr.foison, from Lat.fusionem, fromfundere. Cotgrave gives "Foison: f. store, plentie, abundance, great fullnesse, enough." The word still exists in the Scotchfoisonorfusion, and the adj.fusionlessorfissenless. Forby explains it as "Succulency, natural nutritive moisture," ase.g."there is nofoisonin this hay."
Foistines, 57/5;Foistnes, 21/5;Foystines, 20/5,s.mustiness, mould. O. Fr.fust, a cask,fusté, tasting or smelling of the cask, musty.
Foisty, 19/39,adj.musty.
Fondlie, 10/26;Fondly, 67/9,adv.foolishly.Fon= to play the fool. Jamieson, Scott. Dict.
For, 9/9,prep.in spite of, regardless of.
For, 9/18. Here and in numerous instances in Tusserformeans "for fear of," "to prevent."
Forbearer, 13/3,s.one who refuses.
Forborne, 13/2,pp.withheld, refused.
*Forehorse, 94,s.one who is always in advance with his work, never behindhand; the opposite to a procrastinator.
Forke, 22/9,s.pitchfork, hayfork.
*Fornight, 51,s.a fortnight.
Forrough, 16/15,s.furrow. A.S.furh.
Foyson, 10/6,s.plenty. SeeFoison.
Fough, 102/5,interject, faugh! phew! an exclamation.
Fraid, 2/8,v. pt. t.frightened, made afraid.
Fraie, 53/22,s.quarrel, fray.
Fraight, 114/24,s.freight, cargo.
Frailnes, 10/62,s.frailty, uncertainty.
Frame, 57/1,v.make.
Framed, 2/15,pp.arranged, composed.
Fransie, 88/4,s.madness.
Fraud, 62/15,v.obtain by fraud.
Fraught, 64/5,pp.laden, freighted.
Fray, 77/4,s.disturbance, trouble.
Freat, 23/2,v. imp.be vexed.
Freat, 51/11,v.damage, decay, eat away.
"As doth an hidden mothThe inner garmentfret."—Spenser, Faery Queene, ii. 34.
See Wedgwood's Dict.s.v.Fret.
Freeseth, 35/1,v. pr. t.freezes. A.S.freosan. O. Icel.friosa. Dan.fryse.
Frier, 86/14,s.friar.
Fritters, 90/3s. pl.small pancakes with apples in them. "Frytoure,lagana(a pancake)."—Prompt. Parv. "A fritter or pancake; a kind of bread for children, asfrittersand wafers."—Baret's Alvearie, 1580.
Froth, 35/3,adj.tender, perhaps originally = pulpy.
Frower, 17/8,s.a frow, an iron instrument for rending or splitting laths. Also calledFrommard.
Fumetorie, 44/7;Fumentorie, 91/3,s.Fumitory.Fumaria officinalis, so called from its rank disagreeable smell: formerly used as an anti-scorbutic: it is callederthesmok[earthsmoke] in MS. Sloane 5, f. 5.
Furmentie pot, 90/7,s.hulled wheat boiled in milk, and seasoned with cinnamon, sugar, etc. See noteE458.
G.
Gadding, 10/51,v.going about gossipping.
Gaffe, 22/18,v.man, gaffer. "Formerly a common mode of address, equivalent tofriend, neighbour."—Halliwell.
Gage, 94/13,s.pawn, sweepeth to gage = hurries to pledge or place in pawn.
*Gage, 53,v.assert, maintain.
Galling, 57/31,v.causing sore or bare places.
Gallond, 19/42,s.gallon.
Gap, 114/20,s.an opening, cause.
Gaping, 57/45,pr. p.being greedy, grasping.
Garlike, 21/12,s.garlic.
Garmander, 42/8,s.germander. Fr.gamandrée, from Lat.chamædrys.
Garson, 33/41,s.boy, lad. Fr.garçon.