esse in honore apud aliquem—to be honoured, esteemed by some one.
honorem alicui habere, tribuere—to honour, show respect for, a person.
aliquem honore afficere, augere, ornare, prosequi(vid.sect. VI. 11., noteProsequi...)—to honour, show respect for, a person.
aliquem cupiditate honorum inflammare(oraliquem ad cupiditatem honorum inflammare)—to kindle ambition in some one's mind.
honores concupiscere(opp.aspernari)—to aspire to dignity, high honours.
honoris causa aliquem nominareorappellare—to speak of some one respectfully.
statuam alicui ponere, constituere—to set up a statue in some one's honour.
aliquem colere et observare(Att. 2. 19)—to pay respect to, be courteous to a person.
aliquem ignominia afficere, notare—to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person.
alicui ignominiam inurere—to inflict an indignity upon, insult a person.
infamiam concipere, subire, sibi conflare—to incur ignominy.
vitae splendori(em) maculas(is) aspergere—to sully one's fair fame.
notam turpitudinis alicuiorvitae alicuius inurere—to injure a man's character, tarnish his honour.
ignominiam non ferre—to chafe under an indignity, repudiate it.
maculam (conceptam) delere, eluere—to blot out a reproach.
studiose (diligenter, enixe, sedulo, maxime) dare operam, ut...—to take great pains in order to...
egregiam operam(multum, plusetc.operae)dare alicui rei—to expend great labour on a thing.
operam alicui rei tribuere, in aliquid conferre—to expend great labour on a thing.
operam (laborem, curam) inorad aliquid impendere—to expend great labour on a thing.
multum operae ac laboris consumere in aliqua re—to exert oneself very energetically in a matter.
studium, industriam(notdiligentiam)collocare, ponere in aliqua re—to apply oneself zealously, diligently to a thing.
incumbere in (ad) aliquid—to be energetic about, throw one's heart into a thing.
opus[1]facere(De Senect. 7. 24)—to do work (especially agricultural).
opus aggredi—to take a task in hand, engage upon it.
ad opus faciendum accedere—to take a task in hand, engage upon it.
res est multi laboris et sudoris—the matter involves much labour and fatigue.
desudare et elaborare in aliqua re(De Senect. 11. 38)—to exert oneself very considerably in a matter.
labori, operae non parcere—to spare no pains.
laborem non intermittere—to work without intermission.
nullum tempus a labore intermittere—not to leave off work for an instant.
lucubrare(Liv. 1. 57)—to work by night, burn the midnight oil.
inanem laborem suscipere—to lose one's labour.
operam (et oleum) perdereorfrustra consumere—to lose one's labour.
rem actamor simplyactum agere(proverb.)—to have all one's trouble for nothing.
labore supersedēre (itineris)(Fam. 4. 2. 4)—to spare oneself the trouble of the voyage.
patiens laboris—capable of exertion.
fugiens laboris—lazy.
operae pretium est(c. Inf.)—it is worth while.
acti labores iucundi(proverb.)—rest after toil is sweet.
contentionem adhibere—to exert oneself.
omnes nervos[2]in aliqua re contendere—to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter.
omnibus viribusornervis contendere, ut—to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter.
omni ope atque operaoromni virium contentione eniti, ut—to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter.
contendere et laborare, ut—to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter.
pro viribus eniti et laborare, ut—to strain every nerve, do one's utmost in a matter.
[1]opusalways means the concrete work on which one is engaged;laboris the trouble, fatigue, resulting from effort;operais the voluntary effort, the trouble spent on an object. Thuslaborare= not simply to work, but to work energetically, with exertion and consequent fatigue;operari, to be busy with a thing. Terence thus distinguishesopusandopera:quod in opere faciundo operae consumis tuae. Cf.Verg. Aen. 1. 455operumque laborem miratur= the trouble with such huge works must have cost.
[2]nerviproperly = sinews, muscles, not nerves the existence of which was unknown to the ancients. Metaphoricallynervidenotes not only strength in general but also specially—(1) vital power, elasticity, e.g.omnes nervos virtutis elidere(Tusc. 2. 11. 27),incīdere, to paralyse the strength of virtue; (2) motive power, mainspring, essence, of a thing, e.g.vectigalia nervi rei publicae sunt(Imp. Pomp. 7. 17),nervi belli pecunia(Phil. 5. 2. 15).
negotium suscipere—to undertake an affair.
negotium obire, exsequi—to execute, manage a business, undertaking.
negotium conficere, expedire, transigere—to arrange, settle a matter.
negotia agere, gerere—to be occupied with business, busy.
multis negotiis implicatum, districtum, distentum, obrutum esse—to be involved in many undertakings; to be much occupied, embarrassed, overwhelmed by business-claims.
negotiis vacare—to be free from business.
occupatum esse in aliqua re—to be engaged upon a matter.
intentum esse alicui rei—to be engaged upon a matter.
negotium alicui facessere(Fam. 3. 10. 1)—to give a person trouble, inconvenience him.
magnum negotium estc. Inf.—it is a great undertaking to...
nullo negotio—without any trouble.
otiosum esse—to be at leisure.
in otio esseorvivere—to be at leisure.
otium habere—to be at leisure.
otio frui—to be at leisure.
otio abundare—to have abundance of leisure.
otium sequi, amplexari—to be a lover of ease, leisure.
otiosum tempus consumere in aliqua re—to spend one's leisure hours on an object.
otio abūti[1]orotium ad suum usum transferre—to use up, make full use of one's spare time.
(in) otio languere et hebescere—to grow slack with inactivity, stagnate.
otio diffluere—to grow slack with inactivity, stagnate.
desidiae et languori se dedere—to abandon oneself to inactivity and apathy.
ignaviae[2]et socordiae se dare—to abandon oneself to inactivity and apathy.
per luxum et ignaviam aetatem agere—to pass one's life in luxury and idleness.
[1]abutiproperly = to consume, make full use of. From this is developed the rarer meaning to use in excess, abuse =perverse, intemperanter, immoderate uti. Abuse, misuse =pravus usus, vitium male utentium, insolens mos.abususis only found in the Jurists, andabusiois a technical term of rhetoric =κατάχρησις.
[2]The original meaning ofignavia(in-gnavus, cf.navus, navare) is not cowardice but laziness.
voluptatem ex aliqua re capereorpercipere—to derive pleasure from a thing.
voluptate perfundi—to revel in pleasure, be blissfully happy.
voluptatibus frui—to take one's fill of enjoyment.
voluptates haurire—to take one's fill of enjoyment.
se totum voluptatibus dedere, tradere—to devote oneself absolutely to the pursuit of pleasure.
homo voluptarius(Tusc. 2. 7. 18)—a devotee of pleasure; a self-indulgent man.
voluptatis illecebris deleniri—to be led astray, corrupted by the allurements of pleasure.
voluptatis blanditiis corrumpi—to be led astray, corrupted by the allurements of pleasure.
in voluptates se mergere—to plunge into a life of pleasure.
animum a voluptate sevocare—to hold aloof from all amusement.
voluptates (corporis)—sensual pleasure.
voluptatisoranimi causa(B. G. 5. 12)—for one's own diversion; to satisfy a whim.
deliciis diffluere—to wanton in the pleasures of sense.
animum relaxare, reficere, recreareor simplyse reficere, se recreare, refici, recreari (ex aliqua re)—to recruit oneself, seek relaxation.
animumor simplyse remittere—to indulge oneself.
animoor simplysibi indulgere—to indulge oneself.
magno animo esse—to be magnanimous, broad-minded.
animum attendere ad aliquid—to turn one's attention to a thing.
diligenter attendere (aliquid)—to attend carefully.
alias resoraliud agere—to be inattentive.
animo adesse[1]—(1) to be attentive; (2) to keep one's presence of mind.
vir magno ingenio, ingeniosus—a man of ability.
vir magno ingenio praeditus—a man of ability.
ingenio valere—to be talented, gifted.
ingenio abundare—to be very talented.
natura et ingenium—natural gifts.
ingenium acuere—to sharpen the wits.
ingenii acumen—penetration; sagacity.
ingenii tarditas(opp.celeritas)—dulness of intellect.
ingenii infirmitasorimbecillitas—weakmindedness.
mentis compotem esse—to be of sane mind.
mente captum esse, mente alienata esse—to be out of one's mind.
sanae mentis esse—to be of sound mind.
mentis quasi luminibus officere(vid.sect. XIII. 6) oranimo caliginem offundere—to obscure the mental vision.
intellegentiaormente multum valere[2]—to possess great ability.
ad intellegentiam communemorpopularem accommodare aliquid—to accommodate something to the standard of the popular intelligence.
[1]For the second meaning cf. Cicero,ades animo et omitte timorem, Scipio.
[2]captus, in the meaning ability, capacity, only occurs in the phraseut captus est servorum; whilecapacitasmerely means capacity, content, e.g.vasorum.
animo, cogitatione aliquid fingere(or simplyfingere, but withoutsibi),informare—to form an idea of a thing, imagine, conceive.
animo concipere aliquid—to form an idea of a thing, imagine, conceive.
animo, cogitatione aliquid praecipere(Off 1. 23. 81)—to form a conception of a thing beforehand.
cogitatione sibi aliquid depingere—to picture to oneself.
ingenium, cogitatio—imagination.
ingenii visorceleritas—vivid, lively imagination.
rerum imagines—creatures of the imagination.
res cogitatione fictaeordepictae—creatures of the imagination.
opinionum commenta, ineptiae, monstra, portenta—extravagant fictions of fancy.
animo, mente, cogitatione aliquid comprehendere, complecti—to grasp a thing mentally.
in eam cogitationem incidere—to happen to think of...
haec cogitatio subit animum—an idea strikes me.
illud succurrit mihi—an idea strikes me.
mihi in mentem venit alicuius rei—something comes into my mind.
aliquid animo meo obversatur(cf. sect. III, s. v.oculi)—a vague notion presents itself to my mind.
aliquem ad eam cogitationem adducere ut—to induce a person to think that...
alicuius animum ab aliqua re abducere—to draw away some one's attention from a thing.
cogitationem, animum in aliquid intendere(Acad. 4. 46)—to direct one's attention...
omnes cogitationes ad aliquid conferre—to give all one's attention to a thing.
mentem in aliqua re defigere—to fix all one's thoughts on an object.
in cogitatione defixum esse—to be deep in thought.
cogitationes in res humiles abicere(De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp.alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)—to study the commonplace.
notiones animo (menti) insitae, innatae—innate ideas.
intellegentiae adumbratae[1]orincohatae(De Leg. 1. 22. 59)—vague, undeveloped ideas.
notionemorrationem alicuius rei in animo informareoranimo concipere—to form a conception, notion of a thing.
absolutus et perfectus—absolutely perfect.
omnibus numeris absolutus(N. D. 2. 13)—perfect in every detail.
ad summum perducere—to bring to the highest perfection.
perficere et absolvere—to bring to the highest perfection.
ad perfectionem, (ad summum) pervenire—to attain perfection.
absolutio et perfectio(notsumma perfectio)—ideal perfection.
cogitatione, non re—ideally, not really.
undique expleta et perfecta forma—an ideal.
species optimaoreximia, specimen, also simplyspecies, forma—an ideal.
comprehensam quandam animo speciem (alicuius rei) habere—to have formed an ideal notion of a thing.
singularem quandam perfectionis imaginem animo concipere—to conceive an ideal.
imaginem perfecti oratoris adumbrare—to sketch the ideal of an orator.
civitas optima, perfecta Platonis—Plato's ideal republic.
illa civitas Platonis commenticia—Plato's ideal republic.
illa civitas, quam Plato finxit—Plato's ideal republic.
[1]adumbrareis a technical term of painting = to make a sketch, outline of an object; then metaphorically, to merely hint at a thing. Its opposite isexprimere, technical term of sculpture, =figuratively, to represent exactly, clearly. It never has the simple meaning "to express."
in sententia manere, permanere, perseverare, perstare—to abide by, persist in one's opinion.
illud, hoc teneo—I abide by this opinion.
a sententia sua discedere—to give up one's opinion.
de sententia sua decedere—to give up one's opinion.
(de) sententia desistere—to give up one's opinion.
de sententia deici, depelli, deterreri—to be forced to change one's mind.
de sententia aliquem deducere, movere—to make a man change his opinion.
aliquem ad suam sententiam perducereorin suam sententiam adducere—to win a man over to one's own way of thinking.
ad alicuius sententiam accedere, sententiam alicuius sequi—to adopt some one's opinion.
idem sentire(opp.dissentire ab aliquo)—to hold the same views.
sententiam suam aperire[1]—to freely express one's opinions.
sententiam fronte celare, tegere—not to betray one's feelings by one's looks.
dic quid sentias[2]—give me your opinion.
in hac sum sententia, ut...putem—I think that...
plura in eam sententiam disputare—to discuss a subject more fully on the same lines.
ut mea fert opinio—according to my opinion.
ut mihi quidem videtur—according to my opinion.
mea (quidem) sententia—according to my opinion.
quot homines, tot sententiae—many men, many minds.
opiniones falsas animo imbibere—to be imbibing false opinions.
opinionibus falsis imbui—to be imbibing false opinions.
opinionis error—erroneous opinion.
opinio praeiudicata, also simplyopinio(notpraeiudicium= a preliminary decision)—prejudice.
opinio confirmata, inveterata—a rooted opinion.
opinionum pravitate infici—to be filled with absurd prejudices.
opinionum commenta(N. D. 2. 2. 5)—chimeras.
monstraorportenta—marvellous ideas; prodigies.
coniectura assequi, consequi, aliquid coniectura colligere—to conjecture.
quantum ego coniectura assequor, auguror—as far as I can guess.
coniecturam alicuius rei facereorcapere ex aliqua re—to infer by comparison, judge one thing by another.
de se (ex se de aliis) coniecturam facere—to judge others by oneself.
aliquid in coniectura positum est—it is a matter of conjecture, supposition.
aliquid coniectura nititur, continetur(Div. 1. 14. 24)—it is a matter of conjecture, supposition.
probabilia coniectura sequi—to try to conjecture probabilities.
aliquid mihi nec opinanti, insperanti accidit—a thing has happened contrary to my expectation.
[1]se aperire= to betray oneself; cf.se indicare(Liv. 2. 12).
[2]Notsententiam dicere, which is used of senators giving their vote; cf.suffragium ferre.
verum dicere, profiteri—to speak the truth, admit the truth.
omnia ad veritatem[1]dicere—to be truthful in all one's statements.
veritatis amans, diligens, studiosus—truthful; veracious.
a vero aversum esse(Catil. 3. 1. 29)—to be averse to truth.
a veritate deflectere, desciscere—to swerve from the truth.
veri videndi, investigandi cupiditas—love of truth.
veri inquisitio atque investigatio—zealous pursuit of truth.
a vero abduci—to be led away from the truth.
proxime ad verum accedere—to be very near the truth.
a vero non abhorrere—to be probable.
veri simile esse—to be probable.
haec speciosiora quam veriora sunt—this is more plausible than true.
vera et falsa (a falsis) diiudicare—to distinguish true and false.
vera cum falsis confundere—to confuse true with false.
veritas—veracity.
re (vera), reapse(opp.specie)—in truth; really.
in errore versari—to be mistaken.
magno errore teneri—to be in gross error, seriously misled.
in magno errore versari—to be in gross error, seriously misled.
vehementer errare—to be in gross error, seriously misled.
erroribus implicari(Tusc. 4. 27. 58)—to fall into error.
per errorem labi, or simplylabi—to take a false step.
aliquem in errorem inducere, rapere—to lead a person into error.
errorem animo imbibere—to get a mistaken notion into the mind.
errorem cum lacte nutricis sugere(Tusc. 3. 1. 2)—to imbibe error from one's mother's breasts.
error longe lateque diffusus—a wide-spread error.
errorem tollere—to banish an error, do away with a false impression.
errorem amputare et circumcīdere—to banish an error, do away with a false impression.
errorem stirpitus extrahere—to totally eradicate false principles.
errorem deponere, corrigere—to amend, correct one's mistake.
alicui errorem demere, eripere, extorquere—to undeceive a person.
nisi fallor—if I am not mistaken.
nisi (animus) me fallit—if I am not mistaken.
nisi omnia me fallunt—unless I'm greatly mistaken.
[1]verum= the truth, concrete;veritas= truth in the abstract.
optionem alicui dare(Acad. 2. 7. 19)—to give a person his choice.
optionem alicui dare, utrum...an—to offer a person the alternative of... or...
in dubium vocare—to throw doubt upon a thing.
in dubio ponere—to throw doubt upon a thing.
in dubium venire—to become doubtful.
quod aliquam (magnam) dubitationem habet(Leg. Agr. 1. 4. 11)—a thing which is rather (very) dubious.
dubitatio mihi affertur, inicitur—a doubt arises in my mind.
dubitationem alicui tollere—to relieve a person of his doubts.
aliquid in medio, in dubio relinquere(Cael. 20. 48)—to leave a thing undecided.
aliquid dubium, incertum relinquere—to leave a thing undecided.
sine dubio(notsine ullo dubio)—without doubt, beyond all doubt.
sine ulla dubitatione—without any hesitation; without the least scruple.
scrupulum ex animo alicuius evellere(Rosc. Am. 2. 6)—to relieve a man of his scruple.
unus mihi restat scrupulus(Ter. Andr. 5. 4. 37) (cf. tooreligio, sect. XI. 2)—one thing still makes me hesitate.
certo (certe) scio[1](Arch. 12. 32)—I know for a fact.
probe scio, non ignoro—I know very well.
non sum ignarus, nescius(notnon sum inscius)—I know very well.
me non fugit, praeterit—I am not unaware.
quantum scio—as far as I know.
quod sciam—as far as I know.
hoc(nottantum)certum est—this much is certain.
aliquid compertum habere—to know a thing for certain.
illud pro certo affirmare licet—this much I can vouch for.
mihi exploratum est, exploratum (certum) habeo—I am quite certain on the point.
inter omnes constat—it is a recognised fact.
mihi persuasum est[2]—I am persuaded, convinced.
mihi persuasi—I am persuaded, convinced.
sic habeto—convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point.
persuade tibi—convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point.
velim tibi ita persuadeas—convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point.
sic volo te tibi persuadere—convince yourself of this; rest assured on this point.
addūcor, ut credam—I am gradually convinced that...
non possum adduci, ut (credam)—I cannot make myself believe that...
ex animi mei sententia(vid.sect. XI. 2)—according to my strong conviction.
suo iudicio uti—to act in accordance with one's convictions.
[1]Withcerte scio, which is the form Cicero usually employs, the certitude lies in our knowledge,certum est me scire; withcerto scirethe certitude lies in the object of our knowledge.certorarely occurs except withscio.
[2]Caesar occasionally usespersuasum sibi habere.
consilium capere, inire(de aliqua re, with Gen. gerund., with Inf., more rarelyut)—to form a plan, make a resolution.
consilio desistere—to give up a project, an intention.
consilium abicereordeponere—to let a plan fall through.
a consilio deterreri aliqua re—to be deterred from one's intention by something.
mediocribus consiliis uti—to adopt half-measures.
consilium, sententiam mutare—to alter one's views, intentions.
suo consilio uti[1]—to go one's own way, proceed independently.
magna moliri—to be busy with ambitious projects.
consilia cum aliquo communicare[2]—(1) to communicate one's plans to some one; (2) to make common cause with a person. Similarlyc. causam, rationem.
consilia inter se communicare—to take common counsel.
aliquem inorad consilium adhibere—to consult a person, take his advice.
consilium habere (de aliqua re)—to deliberate together (of a number of people).
consultareordeliberare (de aliqua re)—to deliberate, consider (of individuals).
consiliis arcanis interesse(Liv. 35. 18)—to be present at secret consultations.
consilium dare alicui—to give a person advice.
auctorem esse alicui, ut—to give a person advice.
aliquem consilio (et re) iuvare—to give a person the advantage of one's advice (and actual support).
consilii mei copiam facio tibi—I put myself at your disposal as regards advice.
consilium petere ab aliquo—to apply to a person for advice.
consilii inopem esse—to be perplexed.
omnia consilia frigent(Verr. 2. 25)—advice is useless in this case; the situation is very embarrassing.
nullo consilio, nulla ratione, temere—without reflection; inconsiderately; rashly.
secum (cum animo) reputare aliquid—to think over, consider a thing.
considerare in, cum animo, secum aliquid—to think over, consider a thing.
agitare (in) menteor(in) animo aliquid—to think over, consider a thing.
aliquid cadit in deliberationem(Off. 1. 3. 9)—a subject becomes matter for reflection.
re diligenter considerata, perpensa—after mature deliberation.
omnibus rebus circumspectis—after mature deliberation.
inita subductaque ratione—after mature deliberation.
[1]utiis similarly used in several phrases, especially with the meaning of having, showing, enjoying, practising, proving, etc., e.g.uti ventis secundis, adversis;praesenti animo uti, to show presence of mind;perpetua felicitate, to enjoy...;prudentia, severitate, crudelitate, to show...;bona valetudine, prospero fortunae flatu, to enjoy...; cf. sect. V. 6.
[2]communicare (aliquid cum aliquo)means properly to share a thing with some one. From this are developed the two senses—1. to give some one something, e.g.consilia, laudem, gloriam alicuius rei; 2. to receive a share of a thing, e.g.pericula, paupertatem. "To communicate,"i.e.to announce, inform, is represented bydicere, tradere, narrare, exponere, certiorem facere, etc.
in animo habeoormihi est in animoc. Inf.—I am resolved; it is my intention.
certum (mihi) est—I am determined.
certum deliberatumque est—I am firmly resolved.
stat mihi sententia(Liv. 21. 30.)—I am firmly resolved.
incertus sum, quid consilii capiam—I am undecided...
mihi non constat(with indirect question)—I have not made up my mind.
propositum est mihic. Inf.—I intend, propose to...
propositum, consilium tenere(opp.a proposito deterreri)—to abide by one's resolution.
propositum[1]assequi, peragere—to carry out one's plan.
magna sibi proponereormagna spectare—to have a high object in view; to be ambitious.
in inceptoorconatu perstare—to persevere in one's resolve.
in proposito susceptoque consilio permanere—to persevere in one's resolve.
inceptoorconatu desistere—to give up one's project.
parare aliquid—to take measures for...
animum inducerec. Inf. (notin animum inducere)—to persuade oneself to...
a me impetrare non possum, ut—I cannot bring myself to...
descendere ad aliquid, ad omnia(vid.sect. V. 9, noteSimilarly descendere...)—to consent to..., lend oneself to...
descendere ad extrema consilia(Fam. 10. 33. 4)—to have recourse to extreme measures.
[1]In classical prosepropositumis still semi-adjectival and has not yet acquired all the functions of a substantive; consequently it cannot be joined to a genitive, an adjective, or a pronoun. Cf. the treatment offactum, dictum, etc., in Augustan Latin.
consilium estc. Inf. orut—my intention is...
id sequor, ut—my intention is...
spectare aliquidorad aliquid—to have an object in view.
res eo spectat, ut—the matter tends towards..., has this object.[1]
res spectat ad vim (arma)—there seems a prospect of armed violence; things look like violence.
id quod voluit consecutus est—he attained his object.
ad id quod voluit pervenit—he attained his object.
quid tibi vis?—what do you mean to do?
quid hoc sibi vult?—what is the meaning of this?
quid hoc rei est?—what is the meaning of this?
eo consilio, ea mente, ut—with the intention of...
de industria, dedita opera(opp.imprudens)—designedly; intentionally.
ad id ipsum[2]—with this very object.
infecta re(Liv. 9. 32)—to no purpose; ineffectually.
moram alicui rei afferre, inferre, facere—to retard, delay a thing.
in mora alicui esse—to detain a person.
nullam moram interponere, quin(Phil. 10. 1. 1)—to make all possible haste to...
sine moraornulla mora interposita—without delay.
diem ex die ducere, differre—to put off from one day to another.
[1]NoteAthenae a Persis petutuntur, the object of the Persian invasion is Athens (Nep. Them. 2. 6).
[2]The aim, tendency of a writing or a poem isconsilium, quo liber scriptus est, quo carmen compositum est, orquod quis in libro scribendo secutus est, notconsilium libri.
memoriā tenere aliquid—to remember a thing perfectly.
memoriam alicuius rei tenere—to remember a thing perfectly.
recenti memoria tenere aliquid—to have a vivid recollection of a thing.
memoriā (multum) valere(opp.memoriā vacillare)—to have a good memory.
memorem esse(opp.obliviosum esse)—to have a good memory.
memoria tanta fuit, ut—he had such an extraordinary memory that...
memoriā labi—to make a slip of the memory.
memoriae mandare aliquid[1]—to impress on the memory.
ex memoria(opp.de scripto)—from memory; by heart.
memoriter—(1) with good memory; (2) from personal recollection.
memoria custodire—to keep in mind.
memoriam alicuius rei renovare, revocare (redintegrare)—to recall a thing to one's recollection.
memoriam alicuius rei repetere—to recall to mind a thing or person.
in memoriam alicuius redire—to recall to mind a thing or person.
in memoriam alicuius redigere, reducere aliquid(notrevocare)—to recall a thing to a person's mind.
memoria et recordatio—vivid recollection.
grata memoria aliquem prosequi[2]—to show a thankful appreciation of a person's kindness.
nomen alicuius grato animo prosequi—to think of a person with a grateful sense of his goodness.
memoriam alicuius rei repraesentare(opp.memoriam alicuius rei deponere, abicere)—to picture to oneself again.
memoriam alicuius rei conservare, retinere—to retain the recollection of a thing.
memoriam alicuius pie inviolateque servare—to show an affectionate regard for a person's memory.
gratam (gratissimam) alicuius memoriam retinere—to retain a (most) pleasant impression of a person.
numquam ex animo meo memoria illius rei discedet—the memory of this will never fade from my mind.
aliquid in memoria nostra penitus insidet—a thing has been vividly impressed on our[TR1]memory.
memoriam eius nulla umquam delebit (obscurabit) oblivio(Fam. 2. 1)—nothing will ever make me forgetful of him.
semper memoria eius in (omnium) mentibus haerebit—nothing will ever make me forgetful of him.
nomen suum posteritati aliqua re commendare, propagare, prodere—to win renown amongst posterity by some act.
memoriam nominis sui immortalitati tradere, mandare, commendare—to immortalise one's name.
post hominum memoriam—within the memory of man.
post homines natos—within the memory of man.
memoriae causa, ad(notin)memoriam[3](Brut. 16. 62)—in memory of...
oblivio alicuius rei me capit—I forget something.
aliquem in oblivionem alicuius rei adducere(pass.in oblivionem venire)—to make a person forget a thing.
aliquid excidit e memoria, effluit, excidit ex animo—a thing escapes, vanishes from the memory.
memoria alicuius rei excidit, abiit, abolevit—the recollection of a thing has been entirely lost.
obliterari[4](Liv. 26. 41)—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
memoria alicuius rei obscuratur, obliteratur, evanescit—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
oblivioni esse, dari—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
in oblivionem adduci—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
oblivione obrui, deleri, exstingui—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
in oblivione iacēre(of persons)—to be forgotten, pass into oblivion.
aliquid ab oblivione vindicare—to rescue from oblivion.
mementotewith Acc. c. Inf.—do not forget.
[1]Distinguish this expression fromediscerewhich = to learn by heart; also frommemoriae prodere, tradere= to hand down as tradition (vid.sect. VII. 14).
[2]Prosequiused figuratively, with an ablative, occurs in several phrases—e.g.prosequi aliquem honore; verbis honorificis; beneficiis, officiis, studiis suis; ominibus, votis, lacrimis.
[3]One can also saymonumenti causa—e.g.aliquid alicui momenti causa relinquere. Cf. such turnings asalicuius memoriam aliqua re prosequi, celebrare, renovare.
[4]This and the following expressions are useful to express the passive ofoblivisci.
[TR1]Transcriber's Note: the original text indeed has "my", which is wrong, however, because the Latin phrase usesnostra. The French edition uses "notre mémoire".
ratione, doctrina(opp.usu)aliquid cognitum habere—to have a theoretical knowledge of a thing.
ad artem, ad rationem revocare aliquid(De Or. 2. 11. 44)—to reduce a thing to its theoretical principles; to apply theory to a thing.
doctrinam ad usum adiungere—to combine theory with practice.
in rebus atque in usu versatum esse—to have had practical experience.
usu[1]praeditum esse—to possess experience.
magnum usum in aliqua re habere—to have had great experience in a thing.
multarum rerum usus—varied, manifold experience.
usu rerum (vitae, vitae communis) edocti sumus—we know from experience.
experti scimus, didicimus—we know from experience.
usu cognitum habemus—we know from experience.
res ipsa, usus rerum (cotidie) docet—everyday experience tells us this.
(rerum) imperitum esse—to have had no experience of the world.
multa acerba expertus est[2]—he has had many painful experiences.
usus me docuit—experience has taught me.
[1] Notexperientia, which in classical prose means attempt, proof.
[2]expeririis only used of personal experience.
optima studia, bonae, optimae, liberales, ingenuae artes, disciplinae—the sciences; the fine arts.
litterarum[1]studiumortractatio(notoccupatio)—the study of belles-lettres; literary pursuits.
homines litterarum studiosi—learned, scientific, literary men.
homines docti—learned, scientific, literary men.
artium studiaorartes vigent(notflorent)—learning, scientific knowledge is flourishing.
litterae iacent, neglectae iacent[2]—scholarship, culture, literature is at a low ebb.
litteras colere—to be engaged in the pursuit of letters.
litteras amplecti—to be an enthusiastic devotee of letters.
litteras adamasse(only in perf. and plup.)—to be an enthusiastic devotee of letters.
in studio litterarum versari—to be engaged in literary pursuits.
in aliquo litterarum genere versari—to be engaged in any branch of study.
summo studio in litteris versari—to be an ardent student of...
se totum litteris tradere, dedere—to devote oneself entirely to literature.
se totum in litterasorse litteris abdere—to be quite engrossed in literary studies.
in litteris elaborare(De Sen. 8. 26)—to apply oneself very closely to literary, scientific work.
in litteris acquiescereorconquiescere—to find recreation in study.
aetatem in litteris ducere, agere—to devote one's life to science, study.
omne (otiosum) tempus in litteris consumere—to devote all one's leisure moments to study.
omne studium in litteris collocare, ad litteras conferre—to employ all one's energies on literary work.
optimarum artium studio incensum esse—to be interested in, have a taste for culture.
litterarum studio trahi—to feel an attraction for study.
trahi, ferri ad litteras—to feel an attraction for study.
litterarum studia remittere—to relax one's studies.
intermissa studia revocare—to resume one's studies.
primis (ut dicitur)[3]orprimoribus labris gustareorattingere litteras—to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences.
litterae—literature.
litterae ac monumentaor simplymonumenta—written records; documents.
litterae latinae[4]—Roman literature.
clarissima litterarum lumina—shining lights in the literary world.
graecis litteris studere—to study Greek literature.
multum (mediocriter) in graecis litteris versari—to be well (slightly) acquainted with Greek literature.
[1]litterain sing. = letter of the alphabet, e.g.litteram nullam ad me misit. In plur. = 1. letters of the alphabet, characters (cf. viii. 9); 2. a letter (epistola); 3. writings, books, e.g.graecae de philosophia litterae; 4. literature,graecas litteras discere; 5. literary pursuits; 6. science; 7. culture, erudition, learning,erant in eo plurimae litterae, neque eae vulgares, sed interiores quaedam et reconditae.
[2]iacēremetaphorically is used not only of things neglected and abandoned, but of persons (cf.frigere) who have lost all their political influence.
[3]Cf.Pro Caelio 12, 28extremis ut dicitur digitis attingere.
[4]latinusis only used of language and literature,Romanusof nationality.
virorhomo doctus, litteratus—a man of learning; a scholar; a savant.
vir doctissimus—a great scholar.
vir perfecte planeque eruditus—a man of profound erudition.
vir omni doctrina eruditus—a man perfect in all branches of learning.
multi viri docti, ormulti et ii docti(notmulti docti)—many learned men; many scholars.
omnes docti, quivis doctus, doctissimus quisque—all learned men.
nemo doctus—no man of learning.
nemo mediocriter doctus—no one with any pretence to education.
latinis litterisorlatine doctus—acquainted with the Latin language.
bene[1]latine doctusorsciens—a good Latin scholar.
doctrina abundare(De Or. 3. 16. 59)—to be a man of great learning.
a doctrina mediocriter instructum esse—to have received only a moderate education.
doctrina exquisita, subtilis, elegans[2]—sound knowledge; scholarship.
doctrina recondita—profound erudition.
studia, quae in reconditis artibus versantur(De Or. 1. 2. 8)—abstruse studies.
magnam doctrinae speciem prae se ferre—to pass as a man of great learning.
vita umbratilis(vid.sect. VII. 4)—the contemplative life of a student.
litterarum scientiam(only in sing.)habere—to possess literary knowledge.
scientiam alicuius rei consequi—to acquire knowledge of a subject.
scientia comprehendere aliquid—to acquire knowledge of a subject.
penitus percipere et comprehendere aliquid(De Or. 1. 23. 108)—to have a thorough grasp of a subject.
scientia augere aliquem—to enrich a person's knowledge.
multa cognita, percepta habere, multa didicisse—to be well-informed, erudite.
multarum rerum cognitione imbutum esse(opp.litterarumoreruditionis expertem esseor\[rerum\] rudem esse)—to be well-informed, erudite.
[1]For the use of adverbs to modify adjectives and other adverbsvid.Nägelsbach Lat. Stil. p. 278; cf.bene multi, bene mane, bene penitus(Verr. 2. 70. 169),impie ingratus(Tusc. 5. 2. 6) etc. Such combinations are especially frequent in Tacitus, Velleius, Seneca, and Quintilian. Forlatineby itself cf.Cic. Opt. Gen. 4latine, id est pure et emendate, loqui. If the style is to be criticised, adverbs can be added—e.g.bene, perbene, pessime, eleganter, etc., cf. vii. 7.
[2]Notsolida, which means properly entire, massive—e.g.marmor solidum, crateres auro solidi, then metaph. e.g.—solida laus, utilitas.
animum, ingenium excolere(notcolere)—to cultivate the mind.
animi, ingenii cultus(notcultura)—mental culture.
optimis studiisorartibus, optimarum artium studiis eruditum esse—to have received a liberal education.
litteras scire—to have received a liberal education.
litterae interiores et reconditae, artes reconditae—profound scientific education.
sunt in illo, ut in homine Romano, multae litterae(De Sen. 4. 12)—for a Roman he is decidedly well educated.
litteris leviter imbutumortinctum esse—to have received a superficial education.
omni vita atque victu excultum atque expolitum esse(Brut. 25. 95)—to have attained to a high degree of culture.
omnis cultus et humanitatis expertem esse[1]—to be quite uncivilised.
ab omni cultu et humanitate longe abesse(B. G. 1. 1. 3)—to be quite uncivilised.
homines, gentem a fera agrestique vita ad humanum cultum civilemque deducere(De Or. 1. 8. 33)—to civilise men, a nation.
[1]Notincultum esse, which refers only to external appearance.