Salmo eriox[The Bull or Gray Trout].
Some large individuals of this species are often taken.
Salmo trutta[The Salmon Trout].
These were at one time believed to be the young of the Salmon; and the tacksman gave orders that they should not be taken. Previously, they had been fished for with small-meshed nets, and sold as Trout, under the name of “Finnock.” Time passed and the river beheld another tacksman, who, differing from his predecessor, gave orders that they should be again taken. Accordingly, they are now annually fished for, and are once more sold as “Sea Trout,” “White Trout,” and “Finnock.”
Salmo fario[The Common Trout].
In all our streams. These also are taken, and sold with the last mentioned.
Osmerus eperlanus[The Smelt]. Rare with us.
Clupea harengus[The Herring].
This species abounds along this coast, towards the middle of summer, and the beginning of autumn. The fry of this fish is met with nearly all the year round.
Clupea Leachii[Leach’s Herring].
A rather smaller-sized herring than the common species. It is generally met with in small shoals in May and June.
Clupea sprattus[The Sprat or Garnet Herring].
This is also met with about the same time, but in smaller numbers.
Alosa finta[The Twaite Shad].
Rare. A very fine specimen was taken in our river last summer, about a mile from the sea.
Alosa communis[The Alice Shad].
The same may be said of this species,—it is rare. They are termed, “rock herring.”
Morrhua vulgaris[The Cod].
It is to the stomach of this species that I am most indebted for many of the rarer of the testaceous and crustaceous specimens which I possess. (For the cod’s bill of fare seep. 284.) The cod is extensively fished for along this part of the coast, and may be termedthe poor man’s salmon. Great numbers are salted and dried, and in that state sent to the southern markets. I have occasionally met with a cod of a red colour, in all save the fins, which are generally of a yellowish tinge, and never larger than a common sized haddock. They are known here by the name of “rock codlings.”
Morrhua œglefinus[The Haddock].
Like the cod, it is extensively taken, and largely cured and forwarded south. Our Buckie haddocks are well known for their excellence, and are far famed for their superior qualities. Like the cod, the stomach of this species is also a rich mine for the Naturalist.
Morrhua lusca[The Bib or Whiting Pout].
Frequent; but not often brought to market, although they are most excellent eating. The fishermen generally cut them up and use them as bait.
Morrhua minuta[The Power Cod].
Not known as an inhabitant of the Firth until recently. They are excellent eating. It is a great pity that they are so small and scarce.
Merlangus vulgaris[The Whiting].
Often taken, but not so much admired as the Haddock.
Merlangus pollachius[The Pollack or Lythe]. Frequent.
Merlangus carbonarius[The Coal-fish].
Like the last; when young, great numbers of them are occasionally taken in our harbours, in small-meshed nets. They are termed “Gerrocks.”
Merlucius vulgaris[The Hake]. Found occasionally.
Lota molva[The Ling].
Fished for with the cod, and cured in the same manner. When salted and dried they are called “Kealing.”
Motella quinquecirrata[The Five-bearded Rockling].
Frequent among the pools left among the rocks by the tide.
Motella cimbria[The Four-bearded Rockling].
Rare. I have not met with it often.
Brosmius vulgaris[The Torsk or Tusk].
Taken with the cod and ling, and cured in the same fashion.
Phycis furcatus[The Great Forked Beard].
This fish is of rare occurrence with us, and that only at long intervals.
Platessa vulgaris[The Plaice].
Plentiful, and highly prized by many for its very delicate flesh and agreeable flavour.
Platessa flesus[The Flounder], or as it is called here, the Common Fluke, and the
Platessa limanda[The Saltwater Fluke] are also pretty frequent. In the stomachs of these fish I occasionally find, among other matters,Tellina fabula,T. tenuis,T. punicea(a most beautiful little shell),Natica Montagui,N. Alderi,Philine scabra,Cylichna truncata,C. cylindracea, etc.
Platessa microcephala[The Smooth Dab] and
Platessa pola[The Pole Dab] are not so often met with.
Platessa limandoides[The Yellow or Rough Dab], and the
Platessa elongata[Long Flounder] are of rare occurrence.
Hippoglossus vulgaris[The Halibut] and
Rhombus maximus[The Turbot] are both met with, inhabiting deep water. They are seldom taken near the shore. The former is the more plentiful. The latter is known here as the Roan Fluke, and always commands a ready sale and a high price. The other is called the Turbot; and though it sells well, it is not so valuable as the true turbot, nor yet so eagerly sought after by the higher classes.
Rhombus vulgaris[The Brill or Pearl Turbot].
This species is occasionally taken along with the two preceding, but must rank as rare with us.
Rhombus hirtus[Muller’s Topknot] occurs at intervals along our whole line of coast.
Solea vulgaris[The Sole] is not so common with us as its name would seem to indicate.
Solea pegusa[The Lemon Sole]. Rare.
Monochirus linguatulus[The Solenette] is of more frequent occurrence. I have found it in the stomach of the cod and haddock.
Lepidogaster Cornubiensis[The Cornish Sucker].
I remember finding a small fish, on one occasion, where our fishermen clean their lines, and which resembled the above in almost every particular. It is the only specimen that has come under my notice.
Lepidogaster bimaculatus[The Two-spotted Sucker].
Brought on shore, now and then, amongst the refuse entangled in the fishermen’s lines, and occasionally in old shells, such asFusis antiquus,Buccinum undatum, andCyprina Islandica, etc.
Cyclopterus lumpus[The Lump Sucker].
Frequent. Known here by the name of “Paddle Cock.” Not used as an article of food.
Liparis vulgaris[The Unctuous Sucker]. Of partial occurrence.
Liparis Montagui[Montagu’s Sucker].
I have only once met with this beautiful little fish here, and that but lately. It was brought on shore in an old shell. I should think it rare in the Firth.
Anguilla acutirostris[The Sharp-nosed Eel] and
Anguilla latirostris[The Broad-nosed Eel] are both found. The former is the most numerous, and brings the highest price.
Conger vulgaris[The Conger or Great Eel].
This large species is often met with, but is not used as food.
Ammodytes Tobianus[The Sand Eel], and
Ammodytes lancea[The Sand Lance].
The latter the most numerous. Both these are used by our fishermen for bait.
Syngnathus acus[The Great Pipe Fish] and
Syngnathus typhle[The Lesser Pipe-fish] are both met with, and are accounted by the fishermen to be superior to any other bait.
Syngnathus lumbriciformis[The Worm Pipe-fish] is met with; and is not so rare as one might expect.
Hippocampus brevirostris.
This rare and peculiar horse-headed looking creature has been met with here. Two were found cast on shore at the sands of Boyndie, near Banff, after a severe sea storm.
Orthagoriscus mola[The Short Sun-fish] and
Orthagoriscus oblongus[The Oblong Sun-fish] have been occasionally met with. Several have been brought on shore by the fishermen of Gardenstown, Crovie, and other places.
Acipenser sturio[The Sturgeon].
Rare. One has been taken in a salmon net.
Scyllium canicula[The Small Spotted Dog-fish].
Found occasionally.
Galeus vulgaris[The Tope].
I am only aware of two instances in which this fish has been found within our limits: the one near Buckie, the other in the bay of Banff.
Acanthias vulgaris[The Picked Dog-fish].
Plentiful; often too much so.
Scymnus borealis[The Greenland Shark].
In May 1849 a large specimen of the above shark was captured by some fishermen belonging to Pennan, off Troup Head. When brought on shore, it measured thirteen feet nine inches in length, and eleven feet in circumference where thickest.
Echinorhinus spinosus[The Spinous Shark]. (Seepp. 228,231.)
Squatina vulgaris[The Angel Fish], or as it is here called (like the Angler), “the Sea-devil,” is sometimes procured. A large specimen was cast into our harbour during the winter of 1851.
Torpedo vulgaris[The Cramp-fish or Electric Ray].
A specimen of this fish is said to have been taken about six miles off Loggie Head, near Cullen, in 1817. Others are stated as having been caught.
Raia oxyrhynchus[The Sharp-nosed Skate].
Large individuals of this species are sometimes taken, with the more frequent of our Rays. One measuring upwards of seven feet in length, and over five in breadth, was captured by our fishermen some years ago.
Raia intermedia[The Flapper Skate].
A small skate, agreeing in many essential points with the flapper, was taken, in a bag-net set for salmon, some years ago, said to be a young one of the above species, and as such I include it here.
Raia batis[The Blue or Gray Skate] and
Raia clavata[The Thornback].
Taken, occasionally, In great numbers; the former being the most numerous and the most prized.
Raia radiata[The Starry Ray].
This small species is picked up now and then.
Petromyzon marinus[The Lamprey], or, as it is called here, the Lamper Eel, is often met with.
Petromyzon fluviatilis[The River Lamprey].
Considered rare. A very fine specimen was taken in the Deveron, some years since.
Petromyzon Planeri[Planer’s Lamprey or Lampern] has also occurred. These fish are generally termed “Nine-ee’d Eels,” and are by no means held in high estimation.
Gastrobranchus cæcus[The Myxine or Glutinous Hag].
This very curious and singular animal, whether you call it a fish or a worm, is of frequent occurrence.
Perca fluviatilis[Perch].
Several of these fishes have been taken in the Deveron.
Trigla Blochii[Bloch’s Gurnard]in the Moray Firth, at Banff. An example of this gurnard (or, as we call them, “crunacks”) was captured here in a rock-pool. (Seep. 281.) I am not aware of the species ever having been detected on this part of the coast before.
Sebastes Norvegicus[Norway Haddock].
One taken off Buckie in 1859 is the only instance of this fish having been taken on our coasts.
Thynnus pelamys[Stripped Tunny].
A fine specimen of this tunny is in our Museum, taken off Whitehills in 1867.
Auxis vulgaris[The Plain Bonito].
Several of these have now come under my notice. One taken in a herring-net off Cullen measured over 20 inches in length and 12 in circumference behind the first dorsal. One very peculiar feature connected with it was, that if stroked down when wet it gave the hand all the appearance of having come across a piece of metal newly black-leaded. I am not aware of this peculiarity being mentioned in Yarrell or elsewhere.
Zeus faber[The Dory].
I have now ascertained that many of these fish have been taken here, chiefly in salmon-nets. It would seem that the dory is by no means an uncommon summer visitor on this part of the coast.
Capros aper[Boar-fish].
At least one example of this curious-looking fish is now known to have found its way to our shores. It was taken in a bag-net near Crovie in August 1862, and was sent here to be stuffed and named.
Trichiurus lepturus[Silvery Hair-tail or Bald Fish].
A very fine specimen of this fish, which is rare in the British seas, and especially on the east coast of Scotland, was found in the Firth here in April 1876. Although the head and tail were a good deal injured, it measured over 12 feet in length.
Gobius gracilis[Slender Goby]. Frequent.
Gobius albus[White Goby].
Frequent also. Numbers of these little fish are to be met with in our rock and sandy pools, whilst others are only to be found at extreme low water.
Gobius Nilssonii[Nilsson’s Goby]. (Seepp. 375-6.)
Labrus Donovani[Donovan’s Wrasse].
A specimen of this wrasse was captured in the bay of Boyndie in August 1863. The fishermen said that there were more, but they only managed to hook the one, and looked upon it as a curious species of mackerel. It was mostly of a beautiful pea-green colour, but striped with numerous yellowish lines.
Labrus microscopicus[Microscopical Wrasse].
It was during the summer of 1861 that I first observed this minute species. It was not, however, until 1864 that I had an opportunity of submitting a specimen for examination to some of our best ichthyologists, amongst whom was Mr. Couch. (Seep. 334.)
Tinca vulgaris[Common Tench].
One specimen taken in our bay in 1864 is the only example I have seen. It is now in our Museum.
Scopelus Humboldtii[Argentine].
This beautiful little creature would seem to be a regular winter visitor with us. I took it first in January 1863; and, since then, I have never missed it during that month. It is of various sizes. I have taken Argentines from under one inch to about three inches in length. I have never seen them in summer.
Couchia glauca[The Mackerel Midge].
Of all the little fish that I have yet found, this one resembles the Five-bearded Rockling, more than any of the Midges do the other Rocklings.
Couchia Thomsoni[Thomson’s Midge].
I first took a few of this species in May 1863. They were new to me, and as I could not find them in Yarrell, nor in other works of the same kind which I had an opportunity of consulting, I thought they might prove an undescribed form. Since that time, however, I have seen Mr. Thomson’s work, and have now no doubt but that my fish are identical with those taken by that gentleman in Strangford Lough, County Down, in July 1838, and named as above. (Seep. 337.)
Couchia Montagui[Montagu’s Midge].
I first obtained this species in October 1864. (Seep. 341.)
Couchia Edwardii[Edward’s Midge].
First taken at Banff, November 1865. (Seep. 344.)
Raniceps trifurcatus[Tadpole-fish].
Several of these are now known to have been found in this part of the Firth.
Rhombus megastoma[The Whiff].
This species seems to be rather rare with us. I have a very fine specimen which I found at the place where our fishermen clean their lines.
Rhombus arnoglossus[The Scaldfish or Smooth Sole].
This would appear to be another very scarce species with us. I have never met with it but in fish stomachs, and very seldom there. It is about the smallest of British flat-fish.
Monochirus variegatus[Variegated Sole].
This species would appear to be met with occasionally. Two pretty large ones were exposed for sale in our market in September 1860.
Echiodon Drummondii[Drummond’s Echiodon].
In March 1863 I took the first specimen of this strange-looking fish that I had ever seen. Since then, however, I have met with it several times, and always in winter,—save once, when I obtainedit in summer. They were unknown in the Firth before. Specimens from here are now in the British Museum, London.
Acestra æquorea[Equorial Pipe-fish]. This species and the
Acestra anguinea[Snake Pipe-fish] are both occasionally found. The latter, however, are seemingly the most frequent.
Chimæra monstrosa[Northern Chimæra].
A specimen of this deep-sea and rather rare species was brought into our harbour in 1859 on board a herring-boat. It was found floating, and quite dead. The first dorsal was somewhat injured, and the cord-like portion of the tail was wanting. It was unknown to the fishermen who found it, and who, for want of a better name, called it the “devil.”
Scyllium melanostomum[Black-mouthed Dog-fish].
I am led to believe that this species does occasionally occur with us. It is generally mixed up with the commoner sorts.
Zygæna malleus[Hammer-headed Shark].
A specimen of this strange-looking animal was found dead on the shore about two miles beyond Whitehills in 1861. It was a middling-sized specimen, measuring about five feet in length and about eighteen inches across the head. It had lain some time, for the skin was blackish, and had the appearance of charred or burnt leather.
Lamna cornubica[Porbeagle].
It is now well known that the Porbeagle finds his way here occasionally, and usually about the herring season. There is a very fine specimen in our Museum.
Alopias vulpes[The Fox Shark].
So far as I have been able to learn, this shark appears to be very rarely met with here. It has, however, been found.
Notidanus griseus[Brown or Mediterranean Shark].
A large specimen of this shark was taken in the Firth here, and brought on shore at Whitehills in December 1857. After being exhibited in Banff by the fishermen, its captors, as an unknown monster, it was bought for the Banff Museum, where it now is. This shark is the first known to have been found in the British seas.
Raia miraletus[Homelyan Ray]. Occasionally met with.
Raia Spinosa[Sandy Ray].
This species is well enough known to the fishermen, but they do not often take it.
Raia chagrinea[Shagreen Ray]. This is also occasionally taken.
Ammocætes branchialis[Pride or Mud Lamprey].
We have, at least, one species of this peculiar genus as an inhabitant of the Deveron.
Stenorhynchus Rostratus.Stenorhynchus tenuirostris.Inachus Dorsetensis.Inachus leptochirus.Hyas Araneus.Hyas coarctatus.Eurynome aspera.From deep water.Cancer pagurus[Parten].Pirimela denticulata.In rock pools, and from deep water.Carcinus mœnas.Seep. 271.Portumnus latipes.Amongst sand at low tide.Polybius Henslowi.Portunus puber.Portunus holsatus.Portunus corrugatus.Portunus depurator.Portunus marmoreus.Portunus longipes.Portunus pusillus. From stomachs of fish.Pinnotheres pisum.Inside of Mediola mediolus.Pinnotheres veterum. Once from Gamrie; inside of Pinna pectinata.Ebalia tuberosa.Ebalia cranchii.Ebalia tumefacta, orBryerii.Atelecyclus heterodon.Dromia vulgaris.Lithodes maia.Pagurus Bernhardus.Common in rock pools when young.Pagurus Prideauxii.Pagurus Cuanensis. Both these are brought in from deep water.Pagurus lævis. Frequent in the stomachs of flukes.Pagurus ferrugineus. This little fellow was only added to the list in 1866.Porcellana longicornis.In rock pools.Galathea squamifera.Galathea strigosa.Galathea dispersa.Galathea nexa.Galathea Andrewsii.Munida Bamffica.From deep water.Callianassa subterranea.Gebia stellata.Gebia deltura.Calocaris Macandrei.Homarus vulgaris.Nephrops Norvegicus.Crangon vulgaris.Crangon spinosus.Crangon sculptus.Crangon trispinosus.Crangon Allmanni.Nika edulis.Athanas nitescens.Hippolyte spinus.HippolyteorDoryphorus Gordoni.Hippolyte varians.Hippolyte Cranchii.Hippolyte Thompsoni.Hippolyte Pandaliformis.Pandalus annulicornis.Mysis flexuosa.Mysis Lamornæ.Mysis vulgaris.Mysis spiritus.Mysis mixta. First taken as British at Banff, in 1863, by T. E.Mysis Spinifera. Burrows in sand. First taken at Banff by T. E. in 1862, and some years afterwards in Sweden, by M. Goes.Mysis aculata.Mysis hispida. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in December 1863.Cynthilia Flemingii.Thysanopoda Couchii.Thysanopoda longipes.Thysanopoda Norvegicus.Thysanopoda alata.Thysanopoda ensifera. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in 1863.Thysanopoda Batei. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in 1862.Diastylis Rathkii.Diastylis echinata.Cuma scorpioides.Cuma costata. Burrows in sand.Cuma lucifera. New to Britain. Found at Banff by T. E. in July 1865.Halia trispinosa.Venilia gracilis.Talitrus locusta.Orchestia littorea.Orchestia Mediterranea.Orchestia Deshayesii.Orchestia brevidigitata. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Allorchestes Nilssonii.Allorchestes Imbricatus.Nicea Lubbockiana.Opis quadrimana.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Montagua monoculoides.Montagua marina. With eggs in December.Montagua Alderi.Montagua Pollexiana. Eyes red. With eggs, in November and December, of a greenish colour. A most beautiful variegated species.Montagua Norvegica. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.Lysianassa Costæ.Lysianassa Audouiniana.Lysianassa atlantica.Lysianassa longicornis. With young in December.Anonyx longicornis.Of a straw colour, spotted with red. Eyes large, oblong; white with red markings.Anonyx Edwardsii.Eyes red, with black spots. With eggs in December.Anonyx obesus.N.S. Eyes red, round, and small. First taken at Banff by T. E.Anonyx denticulatus.Anonyx Holbolli.Anonyx minutus.Anonyx Plautus. N.S. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.Anonyx longipes.Anonyx ampulla. Eyes red.Callisoma crenata.With eggs in November.Lepidepecreum carinatum.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Ampelisca Gaimardii.With eggs in December of a green colour.Ampelisca Belliana.Phocus simplex.Phocus Holbolli. With eggs in December and March.Phocus plumosus. Two other new species of this genus have been taken at Banff by T. E., but are not yet named.Westwoodilia cæcula.Westwoodilia Hyalina.Œdiceros parvimanus.With eggs, which are of a bright orange colour, in September, October, and November. A sand-burrower.Œdiceros saginatus.With eggs, which are reddish, in January. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.Monoculodes longimanus.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Monoculodes carinatus. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Monoculodes Stimpsoni.Kroyera arenaria.With eggs in August and September.Kroyera altamarina.Amphilochus manudens.Darwinia compressa.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Sulcator arenarius.Urothoe Bairdii.Eyes black; with eggs in December.Urothoe marina. With eggs in December.Urothoe elegans. Burrows in sand.Liljeborgia Zetlandica.Phædra antiqua.Isæa montagui.Iphimedia obesa.Iphimedia Eblanæ.Otus carinatus.Pereionotus testudo.Acanthonotus Owenii.Dexamine spinosa.With eggs, which are of a greenish colour, in April.Dexamine Bedlomensis.Colour a deep and brilliant orange, occasionally mixed with red and brown. The eyes, which are slightly raised, are round and of a bright crimson. The female, which is similar to the male, has eggs, which are of a pea green, in April and May, and again in October.Atylus Swammerdamii.With eggs, which are of a brownish colour, in September.Atylus gibbosus.Atylus bispinosus.Phersua bicuspis.Phersua fucicola.Calliope læviuscula.Calliope Ossiani. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Calliope grandaculis.Eusirus Helvetiæ.N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E., the first of the genus taken in Britain. A burrower, and very sluggish in its habits.Leucothoe articulosa.Leucothoe furina. First taken as British at Banff by T. E.Hora gracilis.Stimpsonia chelifera.Microdeutopus gryllotalpa.Microdeutopus Websterii.Microdeutopus anomalus.Microdeutopus versiculatus.Protomedeia Hirsutimana.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Protomedeia Whitei. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E. With eggs, which are of a very dull green, in November.Bathyporeia pilosa.Eyes red.Bathyporeia Robertsoni.Bathyporeia pelagica. Eyes red.Melita palmata.Melita obtusata.Melita proxima. With eggs, which are of a purplish colour, in December. Eyes brownish.Melita gladiosa.Eurystheus ErythrophthalmusEurystheus bispinimanus. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Amathilla Sabini.Gammarus marinus.Gammarus Camptolops.Gammarus locusta.Gammarus tenuimanus.Gammarus Edwardsii.Gammarus pulex.Megamdera semiserrata.Megamdera longimana.Megamdera Othonis.Megamdera Alderi.Megamdera brevicaudata.Eiscladus longicaudatus.Amphithoe rubricata.Amphithoe littorina.Sunamphithoe hamulus.Podocerus pulchellus.Podocerus variegatus.Podocerus capillatus.Podocerus pelagicus. Eyes black.Podocerus ocius.Podocerus falcatus.Cerapus abditus.Cerapus difformis.Dercothoe (Cerapus) punctatus.With eggs in June.Siphondecetes typicus.Siphondecetes crassicornis.Nænia tuberculosa.With eggs in December. The female has the palms of the two first pairs much narrower than the male.Nænia rimapalmata.Cratippus tenuipes.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Corophium longicorne.Corophium Bonellii.Vibilia borealis.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.Themisto crassicornis.First taken as British at Banff by T. E. Great hordes of this species occasionally visit this part of the coast, and large numbers are sometimes destroyed in consequence of coming too near the land.Lestrigonus exulans.Occasionally in vast numbers.Lestrigonus Kinahani.Hyperia Galba.Hyperia oblivia. In great shoals at certain seasons. These are the only species of this family which I have ever found on the Medusæ. I consider Lestrigonus Exulans to be the male of Hyperia Galba, and L. Kinahani the male of H. oblivia.Hyperia tauriformis.N.S.Hyperia prehensilis. N.S.Hyperia cyanea. N.S.All these three new species were first taken at Banff by T. E.; the males and females of all three being procured. The males differ but little from the females, except that they are somewhat larger.Dulichia porrecta.Dulichia falcata.I look upon these as being male and female of the same species.Protomedia pedata.Protomedia Goodsirii.Protella phasma.Caprella acanthifera.Caprella lobata.Caprella typica.Tanais vittatus.On tangle roots.Paratanais forcipatus.Paratanais rigidus. On tangle roots.Anceus maxillaris.Anceus (Praniza) cæruleata.I consider these two to be male and female of the same species.Anceus (Praniza) Edwardii.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E. There is another species of Anceus or Praniza found here which I take to be the male of A. or P. Edwardii. I find them associated, and they have precisely the same habits. (Seep. 299.)Phryxus abdominalis.Phryxus fusticaudatus. N.S. First found at Banff by T. E. onPagurus BernhardusandCuanensis.Aega tridens.Aega psora.Aega monophthalma.Cirolana Cranchii.Cirolana spinipes.Eurydice pulchra.Jæra albifrons.Munna Kroyeri.Janira maculosa.Asellus aquaticus.Limnoria Lignorum.Arcturus longicornis.Arcturus gracilis.Idotea tricuspidata.Idotea pelagica.Idotea emarginata.Idotea linearis.Sphæroma rugicauda.Dynamene rubra.Næsea bidentata.Campecopea Cranchii.Ligia oceanica.Philoscia muscorum.Philoscia Couchii.Philougria riparia.Philougria rosea.Platyarthrus Hoffmanii.Oniscus asellus.Oniscus fossor.Porcellio scaber.Porcellio pictus.Porcellio armadilloides.Porcellio pruinosus.Armadillo vulgaris.
Stenorhynchus Rostratus.
Stenorhynchus tenuirostris.
Inachus Dorsetensis.
Inachus leptochirus.
Hyas Araneus.
Hyas coarctatus.
Eurynome aspera.From deep water.
Cancer pagurus[Parten].
Pirimela denticulata.In rock pools, and from deep water.
Carcinus mœnas.Seep. 271.
Portumnus latipes.Amongst sand at low tide.
Polybius Henslowi.
Portunus puber.
Portunus holsatus.
Portunus corrugatus.
Portunus depurator.
Portunus marmoreus.
Portunus longipes.
Portunus pusillus. From stomachs of fish.
Pinnotheres pisum.Inside of Mediola mediolus.
Pinnotheres veterum. Once from Gamrie; inside of Pinna pectinata.
Ebalia tuberosa.
Ebalia cranchii.
Ebalia tumefacta, orBryerii.
Atelecyclus heterodon.
Dromia vulgaris.
Lithodes maia.
Pagurus Bernhardus.Common in rock pools when young.
Pagurus Prideauxii.
Pagurus Cuanensis. Both these are brought in from deep water.
Pagurus lævis. Frequent in the stomachs of flukes.
Pagurus ferrugineus. This little fellow was only added to the list in 1866.
Porcellana longicornis.In rock pools.
Galathea squamifera.
Galathea strigosa.
Galathea dispersa.
Galathea nexa.
Galathea Andrewsii.
Munida Bamffica.From deep water.
Callianassa subterranea.
Gebia stellata.
Gebia deltura.
Calocaris Macandrei.
Homarus vulgaris.
Nephrops Norvegicus.
Crangon vulgaris.
Crangon spinosus.
Crangon sculptus.
Crangon trispinosus.
Crangon Allmanni.
Nika edulis.
Athanas nitescens.
Hippolyte spinus.
HippolyteorDoryphorus Gordoni.
Hippolyte varians.
Hippolyte Cranchii.
Hippolyte Thompsoni.
Hippolyte Pandaliformis.
Pandalus annulicornis.
Mysis flexuosa.
Mysis Lamornæ.
Mysis vulgaris.
Mysis spiritus.
Mysis mixta. First taken as British at Banff, in 1863, by T. E.
Mysis Spinifera. Burrows in sand. First taken at Banff by T. E. in 1862, and some years afterwards in Sweden, by M. Goes.
Mysis aculata.
Mysis hispida. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in December 1863.
Cynthilia Flemingii.
Thysanopoda Couchii.
Thysanopoda longipes.
Thysanopoda Norvegicus.
Thysanopoda alata.
Thysanopoda ensifera. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in 1863.
Thysanopoda Batei. N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E. in 1862.
Diastylis Rathkii.
Diastylis echinata.
Cuma scorpioides.
Cuma costata. Burrows in sand.
Cuma lucifera. New to Britain. Found at Banff by T. E. in July 1865.
Halia trispinosa.
Venilia gracilis.
Talitrus locusta.
Orchestia littorea.
Orchestia Mediterranea.
Orchestia Deshayesii.
Orchestia brevidigitata. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Allorchestes Nilssonii.
Allorchestes Imbricatus.
Nicea Lubbockiana.
Opis quadrimana.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Montagua monoculoides.
Montagua marina. With eggs in December.
Montagua Alderi.
Montagua Pollexiana. Eyes red. With eggs, in November and December, of a greenish colour. A most beautiful variegated species.
Montagua Norvegica. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.
Lysianassa Costæ.
Lysianassa Audouiniana.
Lysianassa atlantica.
Lysianassa longicornis. With young in December.
Anonyx longicornis.Of a straw colour, spotted with red. Eyes large, oblong; white with red markings.
Anonyx Edwardsii.Eyes red, with black spots. With eggs in December.
Anonyx obesus.N.S. Eyes red, round, and small. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Anonyx denticulatus.
Anonyx Holbolli.
Anonyx minutus.
Anonyx Plautus. N.S. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.
Anonyx longipes.
Anonyx ampulla. Eyes red.
Callisoma crenata.With eggs in November.
Lepidepecreum carinatum.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Ampelisca Gaimardii.With eggs in December of a green colour.
Ampelisca Belliana.
Phocus simplex.
Phocus Holbolli. With eggs in December and March.
Phocus plumosus. Two other new species of this genus have been taken at Banff by T. E., but are not yet named.
Westwoodilia cæcula.
Westwoodilia Hyalina.
Œdiceros parvimanus.With eggs, which are of a bright orange colour, in September, October, and November. A sand-burrower.
Œdiceros saginatus.With eggs, which are reddish, in January. First taken at Banff as British by T. E.
Monoculodes longimanus.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Monoculodes carinatus. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Monoculodes Stimpsoni.
Kroyera arenaria.With eggs in August and September.
Kroyera altamarina.
Amphilochus manudens.
Darwinia compressa.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Sulcator arenarius.
Urothoe Bairdii.Eyes black; with eggs in December.
Urothoe marina. With eggs in December.
Urothoe elegans. Burrows in sand.
Liljeborgia Zetlandica.
Phædra antiqua.
Isæa montagui.
Iphimedia obesa.
Iphimedia Eblanæ.
Otus carinatus.
Pereionotus testudo.
Acanthonotus Owenii.
Dexamine spinosa.With eggs, which are of a greenish colour, in April.
Dexamine Bedlomensis.Colour a deep and brilliant orange, occasionally mixed with red and brown. The eyes, which are slightly raised, are round and of a bright crimson. The female, which is similar to the male, has eggs, which are of a pea green, in April and May, and again in October.
Atylus Swammerdamii.With eggs, which are of a brownish colour, in September.
Atylus gibbosus.
Atylus bispinosus.
Phersua bicuspis.
Phersua fucicola.
Calliope læviuscula.
Calliope Ossiani. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Calliope grandaculis.
Eusirus Helvetiæ.N.S. Taken at Banff by T. E., the first of the genus taken in Britain. A burrower, and very sluggish in its habits.
Leucothoe articulosa.
Leucothoe furina. First taken as British at Banff by T. E.
Hora gracilis.
Stimpsonia chelifera.
Microdeutopus gryllotalpa.
Microdeutopus Websterii.
Microdeutopus anomalus.
Microdeutopus versiculatus.
Protomedeia Hirsutimana.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Protomedeia Whitei. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E. With eggs, which are of a very dull green, in November.
Bathyporeia pilosa.Eyes red.
Bathyporeia Robertsoni.
Bathyporeia pelagica. Eyes red.
Melita palmata.
Melita obtusata.
Melita proxima. With eggs, which are of a purplish colour, in December. Eyes brownish.
Melita gladiosa.
Eurystheus Erythrophthalmus
Eurystheus bispinimanus. N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Amathilla Sabini.
Gammarus marinus.
Gammarus Camptolops.
Gammarus locusta.
Gammarus tenuimanus.
Gammarus Edwardsii.
Gammarus pulex.
Megamdera semiserrata.
Megamdera longimana.
Megamdera Othonis.
Megamdera Alderi.
Megamdera brevicaudata.
Eiscladus longicaudatus.
Amphithoe rubricata.
Amphithoe littorina.
Sunamphithoe hamulus.
Podocerus pulchellus.
Podocerus variegatus.
Podocerus capillatus.
Podocerus pelagicus. Eyes black.
Podocerus ocius.
Podocerus falcatus.
Cerapus abditus.
Cerapus difformis.
Dercothoe (Cerapus) punctatus.With eggs in June.
Siphondecetes typicus.
Siphondecetes crassicornis.
Nænia tuberculosa.With eggs in December. The female has the palms of the two first pairs much narrower than the male.
Nænia rimapalmata.
Cratippus tenuipes.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Corophium longicorne.
Corophium Bonellii.
Vibilia borealis.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E.
Themisto crassicornis.First taken as British at Banff by T. E. Great hordes of this species occasionally visit this part of the coast, and large numbers are sometimes destroyed in consequence of coming too near the land.
Lestrigonus exulans.Occasionally in vast numbers.
Lestrigonus Kinahani.
Hyperia Galba.
Hyperia oblivia. In great shoals at certain seasons. These are the only species of this family which I have ever found on the Medusæ. I consider Lestrigonus Exulans to be the male of Hyperia Galba, and L. Kinahani the male of H. oblivia.
Hyperia tauriformis.N.S.
Hyperia prehensilis. N.S.
Hyperia cyanea. N.S.
All these three new species were first taken at Banff by T. E.; the males and females of all three being procured. The males differ but little from the females, except that they are somewhat larger.
All these three new species were first taken at Banff by T. E.; the males and females of all three being procured. The males differ but little from the females, except that they are somewhat larger.
Dulichia porrecta.
Dulichia falcata.
I look upon these as being male and female of the same species.
Protomedia pedata.
Protomedia Goodsirii.
Protella phasma.
Caprella acanthifera.
Caprella lobata.
Caprella typica.
Tanais vittatus.On tangle roots.
Paratanais forcipatus.
Paratanais rigidus. On tangle roots.
Anceus maxillaris.
Anceus (Praniza) cæruleata.
I consider these two to be male and female of the same species.
Anceus (Praniza) Edwardii.N.S. First taken at Banff by T. E. There is another species of Anceus or Praniza found here which I take to be the male of A. or P. Edwardii. I find them associated, and they have precisely the same habits. (Seep. 299.)
Phryxus abdominalis.
Phryxus fusticaudatus. N.S. First found at Banff by T. E. onPagurus BernhardusandCuanensis.
Aega tridens.
Aega psora.
Aega monophthalma.
Cirolana Cranchii.
Cirolana spinipes.
Eurydice pulchra.
Jæra albifrons.
Munna Kroyeri.
Janira maculosa.
Asellus aquaticus.
Limnoria Lignorum.
Arcturus longicornis.
Arcturus gracilis.
Idotea tricuspidata.
Idotea pelagica.
Idotea emarginata.
Idotea linearis.
Sphæroma rugicauda.
Dynamene rubra.
Næsea bidentata.
Campecopea Cranchii.
Ligia oceanica.
Philoscia muscorum.
Philoscia Couchii.
Philougria riparia.
Philougria rosea.
Platyarthrus Hoffmanii.
Oniscus asellus.
Oniscus fossor.
Porcellio scaber.
Porcellio pictus.
Porcellio armadilloides.
Porcellio pruinosus.
Armadillo vulgaris.