Cailhava, his "Art de la Comédie,"I.154, n.Calas, Jean, inquiry into the injusticeof the condemnation of, II.80.Calonne, administration of this financier,II.304.Calvin, John, his reproof of Rabelais,I.31.Castro, Guillen de, the "Cid" of, I.45.Catherine II., her correspondencewith M. de Voltaire, II.107.Caumartin, M. de, II.10.Cavoie, M. de, I.281.317.Chamfort, his éloge of Molière, I.148.Champmélé, mademoiselle de, celebratedactress, I.307.Charles VI., the emperor, death of,II.42.Chapelain, French poet and critic,I.47.48. Character of,262. Hispoem of "La Pucelle d'Orléans,"262.263, n. Other allusions to,301.Chapelle, poet, education of, I.99.His good-fellowship,115.131.132.Allusions to,216.Chateauneuf, the abbé de, II.5.6.Chateauneuf, marquis de, II.7.Châteauroux, duchess of, II.44.47.Châtelet, marquis du, his castle ofCirey affords a refuge to Voltaire,II.24.26.Châtelet, madame du, Voltaire'sintimacy with, II.21. She learnsEnglish of Voltaire,25.26. Herliterary taste,25.29. She revisitsParis with Voltaire,42. VisitsSceaux,48. Her death,52.Châtillon, duchess of, I.217.Chaulnes, duke of, governor of Britany,I.248.Chaulnes, duchess of, I.243.248.252.Chavigni, duke of, I.82.Chevreuse, duchess de, favourite ofAnne, regent of France, I.64.65.66. Is banished,67.Chimène, or Ximena, part of, critique,I.45.46.Choiseul, duke of, II.81.82.101."Cid," the, of Guillen de Castro, I.45.101."Cinna," tragedy of, by Corneille,I.49.Cirey, château of the marquis duChâtelet in Champagne, II.24.27.Voltaire's mode of life there,28.Clairon, mademoiselle, actress, II.44.Clement VII., pope, I.25.Clement XI., I.367.Colbert, minister of Louis XIV., I.163.166.222.287, n.301.Colletet, French author, I.43.Comedy, French: Corneille's "Mélite,"I.42. His "Illusion,"44.His "Le Menteur,"51. Racine's"Les Plaideurs,"53.SeeTheatre.Condé, the great prince of, I.53.60.Defeats the Spaniards at Rocroi,67. Blockades Paris,70. Is imprisoned,70. And liberated by deRetz and the Frondeurs,73.Joined by the Spaniards in thesouth of France,77. Quits Guienneto join the forces of the duke ofNemours,78. Perilous journey,79. Is opposed by Turenne,80.Contest between these great commandersnear Paris,81. The Parisiansshow great regard for him,82. On occasion of a tumult andpartial massacre, he incurs theirhatred,82. His admiration ofMolière,113.124. Further allusionsto,278.313.327.331.Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine deCaritat, marquis de, born in Picardy,II.175. His scientific works,172.et seq.His examination ofthe "Pensées de Pascal,"177.Intimacy with men of science,178.Replies to Necker's book,178. Hisedition of Voltaire, and a life ofthat author,103.178. Replies toDe Lolme on the English Constitution,179. Character of Condorcet,179. What share he had in theFrench revolution,180. Violentspeech of against monarchy,182.184. His political writings,182.184.187. Supports in his speechesthe cause of liberty,182.184.187.Esteemed for his integrity,184.His metaphysical deductions,185.His enlarged views regardingnational education,186. His votewent to save Louis XVI.,188.Denounced by Chabot, as anaccomplice of Brissot,190. His"Historical Sketch of the Progressof the Human Mind,"190.His views of human perfection,191. His epistle in verseto his wife,192. He retires toChamont,192. Is discovered, andimprisoned at Bourg-la-Reine,193. Dies of cold and hunger injail,193. His character as givenby madame Roland,193. His wifeescaped the dangers of the revolution,194. She wrote some philosophicalworks,194.; and diedin 1822,194. Mademoiselle deCondorcet married ArthurO'Connor,194.Conti, Armand de Bourbon, princeof, I.60.68. Engaged in the civilwar on the side of the Fronde,I.60.68. Holds out in Bordeauxand Guienne for several years,83, n. Educated in the collegeof Clermont,99. He patronizesMolière at Pezenas,105.106. Allusionsto,236.Conti, the princess of, I.286.Conti, the prince of, entertainsJ. J. Rousseau, II.159. Affordshim a refuge,162.Corbinelli, M., account of, I.256.His wit,237. His letters,245.Corneille, Pierre, the father ofFrench tragedy, I.40. His parents,40. His brother, ThomasCorneille, also a dramatist of celebrity,41. His sister Marthe,mother of Fontenelle,41. Taughtat Rouen by Jesuits,41. His firstwork, "Mélite," a comedy,42.Mediocrity of his first dramas,42. Corrects the plays of Richelieu,43. His associates in thattask,43. He retires from Paristo Rouen,43. His poems to madameDu Pont,43. His "Medée"unsuccessful,44. "Illusion," acomedy,44. His genius fires withthe study of Spanish dramas,44.Reads the "Cid" of Guillen deCastro,45. Corneille's drama ofthe "Cid,"45.46.101. Its plotand action,101. Its renown,47.Critique of the "Cid," by the AcadémieFrançaise,47.48. Richelieu'sobservations thereon,48.Corneille's tragedy of "Horace,"48. His tragedy of "Cinna,"49. "Polyeucte,"50. Hiscomedy of "Le Menteur,"51."Rodogune,"52. Ill success of"Don Sancho," "Theodore,"and "Pertharite,"52. His "Essayson the Theatre,"54. Histranslation of the "Imitation ofJesus Christ,"54. Tragedy of"Œdipe,"54. Its success,54. Hisgenius afterwards unequal to hisformer fame,54. Pension grantedhim by Louis XIV.,55.60. Characterof the great dramatist,60.His fruitless attempts in latertragedies,56. His "Agesilasand Attila,"57. His wife andsister described,56. Is establishedin Paris,56. Parallel of Racineand Corneille,57. "Berenice,"a subject treated by both poets,58. Corneille less successful thanhis rival,59. "Pulchérie," and"Suréna," his last plays,59.Death of Corneille, aged seventy-nine,59. Unison of his characterwith his works,59. Public applauseof the poet,60. Eloge of,by Racine,61. A great-niece of,adopted by Voltaire,61, n. II.78.His sons, I.61. Allusions to,262.Corneille, Thomas, dramatic author,I.41. Success of his "Timocrates,"56. "Le Comte d'Essex"popular,56. He and hisbrother Pierre marry the demoisellesde Lamperière,56. Harmonyof the Corneille family,56.Some quotations from,43, n.55, n.59, n.Corneille, Marthe, the mother ofFontenelle, I.41.56.Cotin, l'Abbé, his death hastenedby critics and satirists, I.147.Molière's attack on,153,154. Boileau'ssatire on,263.Coulanges, Marie de, baronne deChantal, mother of madame deSévigné, I.215.Coulanges, Christophe de, abbé deLivry, takes charge of his orphanniece, madame de Sévigné, I.215. His consolations afforded heron the death of the marquis herhusband,218. His death,251.Coulanges, M. de, cousin of madamede Sévigné, I.232. Lawsuitof, pleaded by himself,232. Dialoguein verse by,232, n. Impromptuby,235. His death,235.Coulanges, madame de, I.232. Celebratedfor wit and beauty,234.339.Couvreur, mademoiselle, death andmode of sepulture of this actress,II.23.Crébillon, dramatic poet, II.43.50.A rival of Voltaire,51.57.Cuspidius, Lucius, will of, I.37.
D.
D'Alembert, M., proverbial sayingof, I.163. Remarks of,334.336.His éloge of Fénélon,345, n.369.371. The Encyclopédie, II.77.His friendship with Condorcet,176.D'Angeau, marquis do, I.58. Hisfortune at play,244, n.Dauphin, the, son of Louis XIV.,I.334.336, n.Davenport, Mr., permits Rousseauto occupy his house at Wotton inDerbyshire, II.160.Denis, madame, niece of Voltaire,II.53.55.58.69.89.98.99.105.Descartes, his celebrity for science,I.185.Desfontaines, the abbé, II.31,32.Deshoulières, madame, her sonneton Racine's "Phèdre," I.312.Des Marais, bishop of Chartres, I.342.Des Marets, French academician, I.47.Devaux, M., II.33.Diderot, M., writes a large portionof the Encyclopédie, II.77. Thatwork was condemned by the parliamentand clergy, and suppressed,77. Is confined at Vincennesfor publishing a pamphlet,133. Visited by J. J. Rousseau,133. High reputation of,171.Drama, the: France indebted toSpanish tragic authors, I.41.45.In comedy to Lope di Vega,51.The Greek drama not suitable tomodern times,305. Voltaire's critiqueon the tragedies of Sophocles,II.15.SeeTheatre.Dubois, cardinal, II.10.Du Deffand, la marquise, letterfrom Voltaire to, II.89.103.Dumouriez, general, minister forforeign affairs, II.277.278.314.Dupin, madame, II.128.129.Duprat, chancellor, invades theprivileges of the faculty at Montpellier,I.27. The gift of tonguesan introduction of Rabelais to,27.Dupuis, M. and madame, II.89.Duverdier, the Bibliothèque Françaiseof, I.39. His Prosographie,39.
E.
Encyclopédie, by MM. Diderot,d'Alembert, Voltaire, and others,II.77.148.Enville, duchess d', II.81.Epinay, madame d', II.138.143.145.164.Etallonde, the chevalier d', II.86.107.Euripides, I.40.
F.
Fables of La Fontaine, I.164.178.180. Gay's,179. AnonymousEnglish fables imitated from LaFontaine,179.Fayette, countess de la, her novelof "La Princesse de Clèves," I.84. Her taste and erudition,85.Friendship of the duke of Rochefoucauldfor,85.87. Her mansionthe resort of French literati, &c.,231. Her portrait or character ofde Sévigné,255.Fénélon, François de Salignac dela Mothe, born in 1651, I.329. Hisancestry,329. His education,331.Takes his degree at Cahors,331.The abbé Fénélon's sermons atnineteen applauded,331. His strictattention to the sacerdotal duties,332. His purpose of becoming missionary,332. Louis XIV. desireshim to convert the Huguenots,333. Is the pupil and friend of Bossuet,335. Writes on female education,335. His "Telemachus,"337.356.371. Appointed archbishopof Cambrai,339. Is deceivedby the zeal and pretendedvisions of madame Guyon,340.Declines approval of Bossuet'scondemnation of her,343. LouisXIV. did not like Fénélon,345, n.Exiled to his diocese,346.360.His "Exposition des Maximesdes Saints sur la vie intérieure,"344. The pope condemns thebook,352. Controversy on thissubject among the great prelates,344.350. Fénélon's letters,360.His religious principles,362.etpassim.Is visited by the duke ofBurgundy at Cambrai,364. Hisactive charity,365. Louis XIV.becomes sensible of his unjusttreatment of this great prelate,366. The archbishop's sicknessand death,367. His character,368.370. His conversation,368.Ramsay, a Scottish baronet, describeshis habits and disposition,369.370. His dialogues on eloquence,372. Political views inhis "Telemachus,"373.Fénélon, marquis de, I.331.367.Ferney, château of, Voltaire's seclusionat the, II.76. Visitors to,90. Marmontel,91. Countess deGenlis,96.Ferney, village of, II.101.Fleuri, cardinal de, II.32.42.44.His death.Fleury, abbé de, sous-précepteurof the princes, I.336.Fontaine,seeLa Fontaine, I.150.&c.Fontenelle, nephew of Corneille, I.41. Observations by, on La Fontaine,178.Fouquet, minister of finance, incitesPierre Corneille to write"Œdipe," a tragedy, I.54. Hismistake in entertaining his monarchtoo sumptuously,111. Offendsmademoiselle de la Vallière.112. Louis XIV. restrains hisanger during the fête given bythe financier,113. His disgrace,162. Is brought to trial,222.Imprisoned in Pignerol until hisdeath in 1680,224. His correspondenceseized,224.France, the civil war between Catholicsand Huguenots, I.11.Consequences of civil war, therise of statesmen and warriors,and next of poets and authors,41. Events on the death of LouisXIII.,64. Corruption of manners,67. Condé and Turennedefeat the Spaniards,67. Broilsand adventures in the contest ofthe Fronde against Mazarin andthe court,70.75. The kingdomsuffers in commerce, learning,arts and sciences; and demoralizationa further consequence ofcivil war,77. Licentiousnessresulting from the war,104.French manners liable to ridiculousinterpretation,109. Molièrelashes these foibles,109.Anecdotes descriptive of the stateof society,171.217.230. II.45.Literature not good at the commencementof Louis XIV.'sreign, I.262. War of the Spanishsuccession,362. Invasion ofFlanders,364. The nation vain,and fond of glory, II.21. Intoleranceof the clergy of,99.108.Franceuil, M., his friendship forJ. J. Rousseau, II.128.129.135.Francis I., court of, I.27.30. Heprotects Rabelais against the Sorbonne,32.Franciscan order, the, I.24.Frederic the Great, king of Prussia,his correspondence with Voltaire,II.35. He visits Strasbourg,39. Voltaire's interview withFrederic at the castle of Clèves,39. Description of the monarch,39.41. He attacks the principlesof Machiavelli,40. He seizes onSilesia,42. Concludes peace withthe empress Maria Theresa,46.Negotiations with France,47.The king welcomes Voltaire toPotsdam, and grants him a placeand a pension,57-65. AppointsMaupertuis, president of the RoyalAcademy,54. Refuses permissionto Voltaire to quit his service,67. Their interview,67.Reconciliation effected,68. Fredericsends to Voltaire at Frankfortfor a volume of the king'spoems,69. Voltaire's arrest untilhe can receive the volume leftat Leipsic,69. Frederic defeatedin battle, addresses an epistle inverse to Voltaire,73. He gainstwo victories,74. His opinion ofVoltaire's powers of conversation,90. Invites J. J. Rousseau toBerlin,157.French language: affected and extravagantstyle of Mlle. de Scudériand others of the HôtelRambouillet, I.107.108.Fronde, civil war of the, described,I.68. &c. Great men of this partyenumerated,69. The new andold Fronde,74. Character ofthe times of the Fronde,95.96.SeeLife ofRochefoucauld.Furetière, abbé, his Dictionary, I.168. Anger of against the FrenchAcademy,168.
G.
Galen, edition of, by Rabelais, I.26.28. "Ars Medicinalis" of,37.Galileo, his investigation of atmosphericlaws, I.191.Gallanous, Peter, controversy ofrespecting Aristotle, I.31.Gamache, viscountess de (Eléanorede Montaigne), I.21."Gargantua, the Giant, and Pantagruel,"of Rabelais, I.31. Supposedpersonages pourtrayed in,32. Editions thereof,38.Gascony and Guienne, character ofthe people of, I.1.Gassendi, astronomer and mathematician,instructs Chapelle andMolière, I.99.Gaussin, Mademoiselle, celebratedand beautiful actress, II.22.Gauthier Garguille, excellent comedian,I.101.Gay's Fables, comparison of LaFontaine's with, I.179.Geneva, residence of "Les Délices"acquired by Voltaire near to,II.71.74.36275. Quits it for thechâteau de Ferney, on the adjacentFrench territory,76. Rousseau'searly years passed atGeneva,112. Kind reception ofhim at a later period by hiscountrymen,137. Voltaire andd'Alembert desirous of softeningthe tone of society in, by establishingdramatic, representations,149. Rousseau replies totheir article for that object in theEncyclopédie,149. Ferment at,in which the writings of Rousseauwere concerned,157.Genlis, countess de, narrates hervisit to Voltaire at Ferney, II.94.Rousseau offended by,167.Gex, town of, II.100.Gibbon, Edward, esq. the historian,an admirer of mademoiselleChurchod, the mother of madamede Staël, II.296.305.Gilbert, tragedy of "Rodogune" by,I.53.Ginguené, M., criticisms of, I.34.Goldsmith, Oliver, opinions relativeto his conversation, I.182.Gournay le Jars, Marie de, I.20.Publishes the Essays of Montaigne,who had treated her as adaughter by adoption,21.Gourville, secretary to de la Rochefoucauld,I.67.70.78.79. HisMemoirs referred to,84.120.Graffigny, madame de, II.26.30.33.Grammont, count de, espousesmiss Hamilton, I.119.Greek, Rabelais familiar with, I.38.Greek tragedy, unities of the,I.45.49.52.Grignan, count de, his marriage,I.227. Praise of him by madamede Sévigné,227. He repairs toProvence as lieutenant-governor,228.Grignan, countess de, daughter ofmadame, de Sévigné, educatedby her mother, II.218. Is presentedat court,225. Appeared at thefêtes of Versailles,226. Herbeauty celebrated by Benserade,226. Accepts the hand of thecount de Grignan, a widower,227. Accompanies her husbandto Provence,228. Portraiture ofthe countess,229. Visits of madamede Sévigné to her in Provence,228.241. Madame deGrignan attends her mother inParis when ill,245. But returnsto Provence herself in ill health,246. Renewed journeys to seeher mother, and to Provence,246.247.249. Her children,248. Ison terms of affection with hermother,250. Attended in sicknessby her mother,254.Grignan, marquis de, their son, I.230, n.250.251.254.258.Grignan, chevalier de, an uncle,I.246. His family,246.247.Grignan, Pauline de, daughter ofthe countess, I.248, n.251. Shemarries the marquis de Simiane,254.258.Grimm, baron de. Correspondenceof, I.63. II.103. J. J. Rousseau'sfriendship for,144. Account ofthe baron,145. His report as toRousseau,164.171.Gros Guillaume, comedian, I.101.Gros René, comedian, I.102.Gros René, madame, actress, I.102.Guibert, count de, II.98.Guise, duke of, assassinated at Blois,I.11.Guyon, madame, enthusiasm ormysticism of, I.340.et seq.Herfervour occasions the disgrace ofFénélon,342. He speaks in hercause to Bossuet,342. Her partypunished,343.