A. D.PAGEInfidelity of Voltaire2Birth of François-Marie Arouet at Chatenay1694.4His Father, M. Arouet, a Notary4Ætat. 10. Is taught by the Jesuits in the College ofLouis-le-Grand1704.5His Prejudice against the Jansenists5The Abbé de Chateauneuf5Precocious Genius of Arouet5His introduction to Parisian Society6Court of Louis XIV.6The King ruled by Molinist Confessors6Influence of Madame de Maintenon in religious Matters6Ætat. 20. Young Arouet sent to Holland with the Marquis deChateauneuf1714.7His Affection for Mademoiselle du Noyer8He is placed as pupil with M. Alain, Attorney in Paris9M. de Caumartin invites him to his Château of St. Ange10State of public Affairs on the Demise of Louis XIV.1715.10The Regent d'Orléans, and Cardinal Dubois10Ætat. 22. Arouet imprisoned in the Bastille for a Satire of whichhe was not the Author1716.11On Epic Poetry12Criticism on the Henriade of Voltaire13Duke of Orléans liberates and compensates him14Ætat. 24. "Œdipe," Tragedy by Voltaire1718.15His Critique on the Tragedies of Sophocles15His mode of Life and Habits16His "Mariamne" successful16Dispute between the Poets Jean Baptiste Rousseau and Voltaire1722.17Insult offered Voltaire by the Chevalier de Rohan17He challenges de Rohan, and is sent to the Bastille18Ætat. 34. He visits England and reads Locke and Newton1728.18His return to Paris19The Clergy become suspicious of him, and aim at his Ruin19Increase of his Fortune20Reasons of his purchasing the Estate of Voltaire, and assumingthat name21Becomes attached to the Marchioness du Châtelet21His "Brutus" and "Eriphyle" unsuccessful22Ætat. 38. Great success of "Zaire"1732.22"Histoire de Charles XII."23"Siècle de Louis XIV." projected by Voltaire23Mademoiselle Lecouvreur, an Actress, denied the Rites ofSepulture23Voltaire's "Lettres sur les Anglais" publicly burnt23He retires to the Château de Cirey with the Marquis andMarchioness du Châtelet24Their philosophical Studies25He writes "Alzire," "Mérope," "Mahomet," &c.25"Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations"25Madame de Graffigny's Visit to Madame du Châtelet at Cirey;her Letters26Ætat. 44. Voltaire writes "La Pucelle," the Maid of Orléans1738.28Is attacked by the Abbé des Fontaines and Jean BaptisteRousseau31Alarm as to the Printing of "La Pucelle"33His Correspondence with Frederic II.35Letters of Frederic1740.37Interview of the King of Prussia and M. de Voltaire at theCastle of Meuse, near Clèves39Maupertuis President of the Berlin Academy39Frederic's former Work against the Principles of Machiavel, the"Anti-Machiavel"40Character of Frederic41War against Maria Theresa, on the Death of Charles VI. herFather1742.42Administration of Cardinal de Fleuri42Voltaire in constant Danger of the Bastille43Crébillon refuses to license "Mahomet"43It is acted at Lille in Flanders by La Noue and MademoiselleClairon44The Duke of Richelieu, a Favourite of Louis XV.1743.44Ætat. 49. Voltaire endeavours to obtain a Seat in the FrenchAcademy, but is rejected45Great Success of his Tragedy of "Mérope"45He is sent on a Mission to Berlin, and a Treaty between Prussiaand France is the result46Frederic invades Bohemia47Voltaire is left unrewarded47He resides in Paris with the Marquis and Marchioness duChâtelet47His Visit to the Duchess du Maine at Sceaux, when he writes"Zadig," and other Tales48He performs the Part of "Cicero" in his Play of "RomeSauvée"48M. Longchamp's Account of Voltaire's Journeys, and his Visitto King Stanislas at Luneville48,51Ætat. 54. Tragedy of "Semiramis"1748.49Voltaire dangerously ill of Fever at Chalons50His Friendship for Madame du Châtelet51His Rapidity in Writing, and literary Enthusiasm51His "Catiline" and "Elèctre"51Death of the Marchioness du Châtelet52Voltaire become sole Tenant of their Hôtel in Paris, appointshis Niece, Madame Denis, to preside over it53Private Theatre in his House53He patronises Le Kain, the Tragedian54His Admiration of Corneille and Racine55Madame de Pompadour for a Time patronises M. de Voltaire55Louis XV. appoints him a Gentleman of the Bed-chamber, andHistoriographer of France56Voltaire becomes a French Academician56Crébillon a successful Rival of Voltaire in dramaticComposition, and Court-favour57Voltaire, jealous on that Account, repairs to the Court ofFrederic at Potsdam57Is pensioned by him, and appointed Chamberlain58Frederic's Admiration and Kindness58Voltaire's Admiration of the Prussian Monarch59Madame Denis left in Paris60Ætat. 57. His "Siècle de Louis Quatorze"60Umbrage and Jealousies of the King and Poet61Offence given by M. de Voltaire to Frederic1751.63Maupertuis and the Berlin Academy; Contest respecting themechanical Principle of the "least Power"65La Beaumette and Maupertuis attack M. de Voltaire66Voltaire's Satire of "Akakia" against Maupertuis66His Reconciliation with Frederic the Great67Their mutual Dissatisfaction renewed, and Voltaire takes leaveof the Prussian Court67He repairs to Leipsic and Saxe Gotha68Is arrested at Francfort by Agents of Frederic69Voltaire slighted at Lyons by Cardinal du Tencin71Ætat. 61. He purchases the Estate of "Les Délices" at Geneva1755.72Renews a literary Correspondence with Frederic1756.73Despair of that Monarch on a Defeat73Fresh Victories of Frederic74M. de Voltaire's "Manners and Spirit of Nations"74The Publication of "La Pucelle" occasions aagainst the Poet75His Residence in the Genevese Territory becomes perilous76Ætat. 68. He purchases the Château de Ferney on the Frontierof France and Geneva, as a Residence affording himSecurity1762.76The "Encyclopédie"77A great niece of Corneille received by Voltaire and MadameDenis at Ferney79Arrival of the Family of Calas at Ferney79Ætat. 71. Voltaire obtains the Reversal of the Condemnationof Jean Calas, and the Restoration of his Family to civil Rights1765.81His Exertions in Favour of the Sirven Family83Execution of the Chevalier de la Barre at Abbeville, andIndignation of Voltaire at the Spirit of religious Persecution84The Jesuits banished from France87Persecution of Jansenists and Quietists87Bitter Quarrel and Satire between M. de Voltaire and Jean-JacquesRousseau88Security and happy Life of Voltaire at Ferney88Ætat. 72. He is deserted at Ferney by his Niece and formerInmates1766.89His Letters to the Marquise du Deffand89Return of Madame Denis to Voltaire at Ferney90Marmontel's Visit to him91The Countess de Genlis' Visit to Voltaire94Voltaire neglects the Count de Guibert and other Visitors98His Improvements in his Village of Ferney98His Humanity to Exiles, and charitable Character99He founds the Town of Versoi100Patronises the Town of Gex, and procures the Enfranchisementof Serfs of the Jura Mountains100Disgraceful Close of the Reign of Louis XV.101Ætat. 81. After the Accession of Louis XVI. Voltaire,accompanied by his Niece and M. and Madame de Villette, arrivesin Paris1788.102His Tragedy of "Irene"102Condorcet's and Baron de Grimm's Description of his honourableReception by the Parisians, with whom he had alwaysbeen a Favourite103Louis XVI.104The Clergy endeavour to obtain from M. de Voltaire, in Sickness,a Declaration of his Faith104On a temporary Recovery he attends the Academy and theTheatre, and is received enthusiastically105Is prevented from returning to Ferney by Madame Denis105Death of M. de Voltaire1778.106Delineation of his Character107His Infidelity, and Grossness, alluded to108Critique of his Works109ROUSSEAU.1712-1778.Birth of Jean-Jacques Rousseau at Geneva1712.111His Studies when a Boy112Placed under M. Lambercier, Minister of Bossey113Lives with a M. Bernard, Engineer114Is pupil to a Greffier114His love of Reading115He runs away from Geneva115Visits M. de Pontverre at Confignon in Savoy116The Countess de Warens, a Convert to the Romish Religion, ispensioned by the King of Sardinia, and resides at Annecy117Rousseau is recommended to the Hospital of Turin for theConversion of Protestants117His Abjuration of the Calvinistic Creed118Is Footman to the Countess Vercelli119Also a domestic in a noble Family at Turin120Whom he quits on a roving Expedition to revisit Madame deWarens120Ætat. 17. Kind reception of Jean-Jacques by that Lady1729.121His Genius in Music121His Visit to Neufchâtel and Paris122Ætat. 21. Madame de Warens recommends him to Employment ina Bureau at Chambery1733.122Ætat. 23. He is established at Chambery as Music-master1735.124Madame de Warens removes to Les Charmettes, where Rousseauprosecutes his Studies with Ardour125The Confessions of Jean-Jacques with regard to this Period ofhis Career126Ill-health of Rousseau126His Method of Notation for Music127Rousseau's Spirit of Independence128Ætat. 29. His Employments at Paris, where he is encouraged1741.128Ætat. 31. Appointed Secretary to M. de Montague, Ambassadorat Venice1743.128His Return to Paris129His Friends interest themselves for him129His Mistress Thérèse le Vasseur130Rousseau consigns their Children to the "Enfants trouvés"131Reflections on the Condition of Foundlings131Rousseau eventually a Victim to his lax Principles from theDestitution of all social Ties132Ætat. 37. Visits M. Diderot, who was confined at Vincennesfor a Pamphlet1749.133Rousseau's celebrated Essay on the proposed Question, "Whetherthe Progress of the Arts and Sciences had tended to corrupt orameliorate the condition of Men"134He renounces the Appointment of Cashier to a Farmer-generalof the Taxes135Copies Music for a Subsistence135Ætat. 38. Great Success of his "Devin du Village," an Opera1750.136His Essay on "The Origin of Inequality among Men"137Ætat. 42. He revisits Geneva1754.137Poverty of Madame de Warens137Rousseau abjures the Romish Faith, and again embraces theReformed Religion137Is invited to reside in Geneva, his native City138Madame d'Epinay138She establishes him at the Hermitage near Montmorenci,belonging to M. d'Epinay138Rousseau's "Les Institutions Politiques," and other literaryemployments139Writes "La Nouvelle Héloïse"140Rousseau's love for the Countess d'Houdetot141M. de Saint Lambert141Cause of the Coolness between J. J. Rousseau and MM.Diderot and Grimm144Treachery of M. Grimm145State of French Society under Louis XV.147Ætat. 46. Rousseau removes from the Hermitage toMontmorenci1758.148His Quarrel with Diderot148He writes against the Establishment of a Theatre at Geneva149Sentiments expressed in his "Confessions"149Marshal the Duke of Luxembourg and the Duchess of Luxembourgfriendly to Rousseau149Publication of "La Nouvelle Héloïse"1760.150The "Emile," or Rousseau on Education150Some admirable Maxims of that celebrated Treatise150M. de Malesherbes151The "Confession of a Savoyard Vicar"152Ætat. 50. It is condemned, and Rousseau warned by the Duchessof Luxembourg to make his escape1762.153He arrives at Iverdun, but is exiled by the Council of Berne154Is received at Neufchâtel by the Governor, Marshal LordKeith154His Study of Botany, and herborising Rambles155His Controversy with Geneva156Disturbances at Geneva157Rousseau's "Lettres écrites de la Montagne"157Rousseau quits Motiers through Fear of Assassination157Resides in the Island of St. Pierre, Lake of Bienne, but isexpelled by the Council of Berne158His Dislike of Dependence prevents him from repairing to theCourt of Frederic; Fictitious Letter in that King's Name byHorace Walpole159Hospitably entertained by the Prince de Conti159Ætat. 54. He accompanies David Hume to England1766.160Resides at Wotton in Derbyshire, writes there his "Confessions,"receives a Pension from George III.; but his morbid Melancholycauses him to take some groundless Alarm and to fly toFrance161Ætat. 55. Is protected by the Prince de Conti at the Château ofTrie1767.162Ætat. 58. He is most kindly welcomed at Paris1770.163His Readings of the "Confessions" in Society interrupted by theMinister of Police164Lives by copying Music165Prince de Ligne visits him, and offers him a Home167Countess de Genlis gives Testimony of his Benevolence of Heartand Modesty167The Abbé Bernardin de Saint Pierre gives a very favourableDescription of Rousseau167Respect shown for Rousseau at the Theatre by the Parisians168His morbid Sensibility verging on Madness169Ætat. 66. His Death at Ermenonville, and Rumour with relationto it1778.169Inscription on his Tomb170Character of his "Confessions"171His Jealousy of literary Competitors171His Reveries; his Charity; Suspicion his characteristic172The "Emile" one of his most important Works173Criticism of his "Nouvelle Héloïse"174Eloquence, Tenderness, and Nature, in his Writings174
A. D.
PAGE
Infidelity of Voltaire2Birth of François-Marie Arouet at Chatenay1694.4His Father, M. Arouet, a Notary4Ætat. 10. Is taught by the Jesuits in the College ofLouis-le-Grand1704.5His Prejudice against the Jansenists5The Abbé de Chateauneuf5Precocious Genius of Arouet5His introduction to Parisian Society6Court of Louis XIV.6The King ruled by Molinist Confessors6Influence of Madame de Maintenon in religious Matters6Ætat. 20. Young Arouet sent to Holland with the Marquis deChateauneuf1714.7His Affection for Mademoiselle du Noyer8He is placed as pupil with M. Alain, Attorney in Paris9M. de Caumartin invites him to his Château of St. Ange10State of public Affairs on the Demise of Louis XIV.1715.10The Regent d'Orléans, and Cardinal Dubois10Ætat. 22. Arouet imprisoned in the Bastille for a Satire of whichhe was not the Author1716.11On Epic Poetry12Criticism on the Henriade of Voltaire13Duke of Orléans liberates and compensates him14Ætat. 24. "Œdipe," Tragedy by Voltaire1718.15His Critique on the Tragedies of Sophocles15His mode of Life and Habits16His "Mariamne" successful16Dispute between the Poets Jean Baptiste Rousseau and Voltaire1722.17Insult offered Voltaire by the Chevalier de Rohan17He challenges de Rohan, and is sent to the Bastille18Ætat. 34. He visits England and reads Locke and Newton1728.18His return to Paris19The Clergy become suspicious of him, and aim at his Ruin19Increase of his Fortune20Reasons of his purchasing the Estate of Voltaire, and assumingthat name21Becomes attached to the Marchioness du Châtelet21His "Brutus" and "Eriphyle" unsuccessful22Ætat. 38. Great success of "Zaire"1732.22"Histoire de Charles XII."23"Siècle de Louis XIV." projected by Voltaire23Mademoiselle Lecouvreur, an Actress, denied the Rites ofSepulture23Voltaire's "Lettres sur les Anglais" publicly burnt23He retires to the Château de Cirey with the Marquis andMarchioness du Châtelet24Their philosophical Studies25He writes "Alzire," "Mérope," "Mahomet," &c.25"Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations"25Madame de Graffigny's Visit to Madame du Châtelet at Cirey;her Letters26Ætat. 44. Voltaire writes "La Pucelle," the Maid of Orléans1738.28Is attacked by the Abbé des Fontaines and Jean BaptisteRousseau31Alarm as to the Printing of "La Pucelle"33His Correspondence with Frederic II.35Letters of Frederic1740.37Interview of the King of Prussia and M. de Voltaire at theCastle of Meuse, near Clèves39Maupertuis President of the Berlin Academy39Frederic's former Work against the Principles of Machiavel, the"Anti-Machiavel"40Character of Frederic41War against Maria Theresa, on the Death of Charles VI. herFather1742.42Administration of Cardinal de Fleuri42Voltaire in constant Danger of the Bastille43Crébillon refuses to license "Mahomet"43It is acted at Lille in Flanders by La Noue and MademoiselleClairon44The Duke of Richelieu, a Favourite of Louis XV.1743.44Ætat. 49. Voltaire endeavours to obtain a Seat in the FrenchAcademy, but is rejected45Great Success of his Tragedy of "Mérope"45He is sent on a Mission to Berlin, and a Treaty between Prussiaand France is the result46Frederic invades Bohemia47Voltaire is left unrewarded47He resides in Paris with the Marquis and Marchioness duChâtelet47His Visit to the Duchess du Maine at Sceaux, when he writes"Zadig," and other Tales48He performs the Part of "Cicero" in his Play of "RomeSauvée"48M. Longchamp's Account of Voltaire's Journeys, and his Visitto King Stanislas at Luneville48,51Ætat. 54. Tragedy of "Semiramis"1748.49Voltaire dangerously ill of Fever at Chalons50His Friendship for Madame du Châtelet51His Rapidity in Writing, and literary Enthusiasm51His "Catiline" and "Elèctre"51Death of the Marchioness du Châtelet52Voltaire become sole Tenant of their Hôtel in Paris, appointshis Niece, Madame Denis, to preside over it53Private Theatre in his House53He patronises Le Kain, the Tragedian54His Admiration of Corneille and Racine55Madame de Pompadour for a Time patronises M. de Voltaire55Louis XV. appoints him a Gentleman of the Bed-chamber, andHistoriographer of France56Voltaire becomes a French Academician56Crébillon a successful Rival of Voltaire in dramaticComposition, and Court-favour57Voltaire, jealous on that Account, repairs to the Court ofFrederic at Potsdam57Is pensioned by him, and appointed Chamberlain58Frederic's Admiration and Kindness58Voltaire's Admiration of the Prussian Monarch59Madame Denis left in Paris60Ætat. 57. His "Siècle de Louis Quatorze"60Umbrage and Jealousies of the King and Poet61Offence given by M. de Voltaire to Frederic1751.63Maupertuis and the Berlin Academy; Contest respecting themechanical Principle of the "least Power"65La Beaumette and Maupertuis attack M. de Voltaire66Voltaire's Satire of "Akakia" against Maupertuis66His Reconciliation with Frederic the Great67Their mutual Dissatisfaction renewed, and Voltaire takes leaveof the Prussian Court67He repairs to Leipsic and Saxe Gotha68Is arrested at Francfort by Agents of Frederic69Voltaire slighted at Lyons by Cardinal du Tencin71Ætat. 61. He purchases the Estate of "Les Délices" at Geneva1755.72Renews a literary Correspondence with Frederic1756.73Despair of that Monarch on a Defeat73Fresh Victories of Frederic74M. de Voltaire's "Manners and Spirit of Nations"74The Publication of "La Pucelle" occasions aagainst the Poet75His Residence in the Genevese Territory becomes perilous76Ætat. 68. He purchases the Château de Ferney on the Frontierof France and Geneva, as a Residence affording himSecurity1762.76The "Encyclopédie"77A great niece of Corneille received by Voltaire and MadameDenis at Ferney79Arrival of the Family of Calas at Ferney79Ætat. 71. Voltaire obtains the Reversal of the Condemnationof Jean Calas, and the Restoration of his Family to civil Rights1765.81His Exertions in Favour of the Sirven Family83Execution of the Chevalier de la Barre at Abbeville, andIndignation of Voltaire at the Spirit of religious Persecution84The Jesuits banished from France87Persecution of Jansenists and Quietists87Bitter Quarrel and Satire between M. de Voltaire and Jean-JacquesRousseau88Security and happy Life of Voltaire at Ferney88Ætat. 72. He is deserted at Ferney by his Niece and formerInmates1766.89His Letters to the Marquise du Deffand89Return of Madame Denis to Voltaire at Ferney90Marmontel's Visit to him91The Countess de Genlis' Visit to Voltaire94Voltaire neglects the Count de Guibert and other Visitors98His Improvements in his Village of Ferney98His Humanity to Exiles, and charitable Character99He founds the Town of Versoi100Patronises the Town of Gex, and procures the Enfranchisementof Serfs of the Jura Mountains100Disgraceful Close of the Reign of Louis XV.101Ætat. 81. After the Accession of Louis XVI. Voltaire,accompanied by his Niece and M. and Madame de Villette, arrivesin Paris1788.102His Tragedy of "Irene"102Condorcet's and Baron de Grimm's Description of his honourableReception by the Parisians, with whom he had alwaysbeen a Favourite103Louis XVI.104The Clergy endeavour to obtain from M. de Voltaire, in Sickness,a Declaration of his Faith104On a temporary Recovery he attends the Academy and theTheatre, and is received enthusiastically105Is prevented from returning to Ferney by Madame Denis105Death of M. de Voltaire1778.106Delineation of his Character107His Infidelity, and Grossness, alluded to108Critique of his Works109
Infidelity of Voltaire
2
Birth of François-Marie Arouet at Chatenay
1694.
4
His Father, M. Arouet, a Notary
4
Ætat. 10. Is taught by the Jesuits in the College ofLouis-le-Grand
1704.
5
His Prejudice against the Jansenists
5
The Abbé de Chateauneuf
5
Precocious Genius of Arouet
5
His introduction to Parisian Society
6
Court of Louis XIV.
6
The King ruled by Molinist Confessors
6
Influence of Madame de Maintenon in religious Matters
6
Ætat. 20. Young Arouet sent to Holland with the Marquis deChateauneuf
1714.
7
His Affection for Mademoiselle du Noyer
8
He is placed as pupil with M. Alain, Attorney in Paris
9
M. de Caumartin invites him to his Château of St. Ange
10
State of public Affairs on the Demise of Louis XIV.
1715.
10
The Regent d'Orléans, and Cardinal Dubois
10
Ætat. 22. Arouet imprisoned in the Bastille for a Satire of whichhe was not the Author
1716.
11
On Epic Poetry
12
Criticism on the Henriade of Voltaire
13
Duke of Orléans liberates and compensates him
14
Ætat. 24. "Œdipe," Tragedy by Voltaire
1718.
15
His Critique on the Tragedies of Sophocles
15
His mode of Life and Habits
16
His "Mariamne" successful
16
Dispute between the Poets Jean Baptiste Rousseau and Voltaire
1722.
17
Insult offered Voltaire by the Chevalier de Rohan
17
He challenges de Rohan, and is sent to the Bastille
18
Ætat. 34. He visits England and reads Locke and Newton
1728.
18
His return to Paris
19
The Clergy become suspicious of him, and aim at his Ruin
19
Increase of his Fortune
20
Reasons of his purchasing the Estate of Voltaire, and assumingthat name
21
Becomes attached to the Marchioness du Châtelet
21
His "Brutus" and "Eriphyle" unsuccessful
22
Ætat. 38. Great success of "Zaire"
1732.
22
"Histoire de Charles XII."
23
"Siècle de Louis XIV." projected by Voltaire
23
Mademoiselle Lecouvreur, an Actress, denied the Rites ofSepulture
23
Voltaire's "Lettres sur les Anglais" publicly burnt
23
He retires to the Château de Cirey with the Marquis andMarchioness du Châtelet
24
Their philosophical Studies
25
He writes "Alzire," "Mérope," "Mahomet," &c.
25
"Essay on the Manners and Spirit of Nations"
25
Madame de Graffigny's Visit to Madame du Châtelet at Cirey;her Letters
26
Ætat. 44. Voltaire writes "La Pucelle," the Maid of Orléans
1738.
28
Is attacked by the Abbé des Fontaines and Jean BaptisteRousseau
31
Alarm as to the Printing of "La Pucelle"
33
His Correspondence with Frederic II.
35
Letters of Frederic
1740.
37
Interview of the King of Prussia and M. de Voltaire at theCastle of Meuse, near Clèves
39
Maupertuis President of the Berlin Academy
39
Frederic's former Work against the Principles of Machiavel, the"Anti-Machiavel"
40
Character of Frederic
41
War against Maria Theresa, on the Death of Charles VI. herFather
1742.
42
Administration of Cardinal de Fleuri
42
Voltaire in constant Danger of the Bastille
43
Crébillon refuses to license "Mahomet"
43
It is acted at Lille in Flanders by La Noue and MademoiselleClairon
44
The Duke of Richelieu, a Favourite of Louis XV.
1743.
44
Ætat. 49. Voltaire endeavours to obtain a Seat in the FrenchAcademy, but is rejected
45
Great Success of his Tragedy of "Mérope"
45
He is sent on a Mission to Berlin, and a Treaty between Prussiaand France is the result
46
Frederic invades Bohemia
47
Voltaire is left unrewarded
47
He resides in Paris with the Marquis and Marchioness duChâtelet
47
His Visit to the Duchess du Maine at Sceaux, when he writes"Zadig," and other Tales
48
He performs the Part of "Cicero" in his Play of "RomeSauvée"
48
M. Longchamp's Account of Voltaire's Journeys, and his Visitto King Stanislas at Luneville
48,51
Ætat. 54. Tragedy of "Semiramis"
1748.
49
Voltaire dangerously ill of Fever at Chalons
50
His Friendship for Madame du Châtelet
51
His Rapidity in Writing, and literary Enthusiasm
51
His "Catiline" and "Elèctre"
51
Death of the Marchioness du Châtelet
52
Voltaire become sole Tenant of their Hôtel in Paris, appointshis Niece, Madame Denis, to preside over it
53
Private Theatre in his House
53
He patronises Le Kain, the Tragedian
54
His Admiration of Corneille and Racine
55
Madame de Pompadour for a Time patronises M. de Voltaire
55
Louis XV. appoints him a Gentleman of the Bed-chamber, andHistoriographer of France
56
Voltaire becomes a French Academician
56
Crébillon a successful Rival of Voltaire in dramaticComposition, and Court-favour
57
Voltaire, jealous on that Account, repairs to the Court ofFrederic at Potsdam
57
Is pensioned by him, and appointed Chamberlain
58
Frederic's Admiration and Kindness
58
Voltaire's Admiration of the Prussian Monarch
59
Madame Denis left in Paris
60
Ætat. 57. His "Siècle de Louis Quatorze"
60
Umbrage and Jealousies of the King and Poet
61
Offence given by M. de Voltaire to Frederic
1751.
63
Maupertuis and the Berlin Academy; Contest respecting themechanical Principle of the "least Power"
65
La Beaumette and Maupertuis attack M. de Voltaire
66
Voltaire's Satire of "Akakia" against Maupertuis
66
His Reconciliation with Frederic the Great
67
Their mutual Dissatisfaction renewed, and Voltaire takes leaveof the Prussian Court
67
He repairs to Leipsic and Saxe Gotha
68
Is arrested at Francfort by Agents of Frederic
69
Voltaire slighted at Lyons by Cardinal du Tencin
71
Ætat. 61. He purchases the Estate of "Les Délices" at Geneva
1755.
72
Renews a literary Correspondence with Frederic
1756.
73
Despair of that Monarch on a Defeat
73
Fresh Victories of Frederic
74
M. de Voltaire's "Manners and Spirit of Nations"
74
The Publication of "La Pucelle" occasions aagainst the Poet
75
His Residence in the Genevese Territory becomes perilous
76
Ætat. 68. He purchases the Château de Ferney on the Frontierof France and Geneva, as a Residence affording himSecurity
1762.
76
The "Encyclopédie"
77
A great niece of Corneille received by Voltaire and MadameDenis at Ferney
79
Arrival of the Family of Calas at Ferney
79
Ætat. 71. Voltaire obtains the Reversal of the Condemnationof Jean Calas, and the Restoration of his Family to civil Rights
1765.
81
His Exertions in Favour of the Sirven Family
83
Execution of the Chevalier de la Barre at Abbeville, andIndignation of Voltaire at the Spirit of religious Persecution
84
The Jesuits banished from France
87
Persecution of Jansenists and Quietists
87
Bitter Quarrel and Satire between M. de Voltaire and Jean-JacquesRousseau
88
Security and happy Life of Voltaire at Ferney
88
Ætat. 72. He is deserted at Ferney by his Niece and formerInmates
1766.
89
His Letters to the Marquise du Deffand
89
Return of Madame Denis to Voltaire at Ferney
90
Marmontel's Visit to him
91
The Countess de Genlis' Visit to Voltaire
94
Voltaire neglects the Count de Guibert and other Visitors
98
His Improvements in his Village of Ferney
98
His Humanity to Exiles, and charitable Character
99
He founds the Town of Versoi
100
Patronises the Town of Gex, and procures the Enfranchisementof Serfs of the Jura Mountains
100
Disgraceful Close of the Reign of Louis XV.
101
Ætat. 81. After the Accession of Louis XVI. Voltaire,accompanied by his Niece and M. and Madame de Villette, arrivesin Paris
1788.
102
His Tragedy of "Irene"
102
Condorcet's and Baron de Grimm's Description of his honourableReception by the Parisians, with whom he had alwaysbeen a Favourite
103
Louis XVI.
104
The Clergy endeavour to obtain from M. de Voltaire, in Sickness,a Declaration of his Faith
104
On a temporary Recovery he attends the Academy and theTheatre, and is received enthusiastically
105
Is prevented from returning to Ferney by Madame Denis
105
Death of M. de Voltaire
1778.
106
Delineation of his Character
107
His Infidelity, and Grossness, alluded to
108
Critique of his Works
109
ROUSSEAU.1712-1778.
ROUSSEAU.
1712-1778.
Birth of Jean-Jacques Rousseau at Geneva1712.111His Studies when a Boy112Placed under M. Lambercier, Minister of Bossey113Lives with a M. Bernard, Engineer114Is pupil to a Greffier114His love of Reading115He runs away from Geneva115Visits M. de Pontverre at Confignon in Savoy116The Countess de Warens, a Convert to the Romish Religion, ispensioned by the King of Sardinia, and resides at Annecy117Rousseau is recommended to the Hospital of Turin for theConversion of Protestants117His Abjuration of the Calvinistic Creed118Is Footman to the Countess Vercelli119Also a domestic in a noble Family at Turin120Whom he quits on a roving Expedition to revisit Madame deWarens120Ætat. 17. Kind reception of Jean-Jacques by that Lady1729.121His Genius in Music121His Visit to Neufchâtel and Paris122Ætat. 21. Madame de Warens recommends him to Employment ina Bureau at Chambery1733.122Ætat. 23. He is established at Chambery as Music-master1735.124Madame de Warens removes to Les Charmettes, where Rousseauprosecutes his Studies with Ardour125The Confessions of Jean-Jacques with regard to this Period ofhis Career126Ill-health of Rousseau126His Method of Notation for Music127Rousseau's Spirit of Independence128Ætat. 29. His Employments at Paris, where he is encouraged1741.128Ætat. 31. Appointed Secretary to M. de Montague, Ambassadorat Venice1743.128His Return to Paris129His Friends interest themselves for him129His Mistress Thérèse le Vasseur130Rousseau consigns their Children to the "Enfants trouvés"131Reflections on the Condition of Foundlings131Rousseau eventually a Victim to his lax Principles from theDestitution of all social Ties132Ætat. 37. Visits M. Diderot, who was confined at Vincennesfor a Pamphlet1749.133Rousseau's celebrated Essay on the proposed Question, "Whetherthe Progress of the Arts and Sciences had tended to corrupt orameliorate the condition of Men"134He renounces the Appointment of Cashier to a Farmer-generalof the Taxes135Copies Music for a Subsistence135Ætat. 38. Great Success of his "Devin du Village," an Opera1750.136His Essay on "The Origin of Inequality among Men"137Ætat. 42. He revisits Geneva1754.137Poverty of Madame de Warens137Rousseau abjures the Romish Faith, and again embraces theReformed Religion137Is invited to reside in Geneva, his native City138Madame d'Epinay138She establishes him at the Hermitage near Montmorenci,belonging to M. d'Epinay138Rousseau's "Les Institutions Politiques," and other literaryemployments139Writes "La Nouvelle Héloïse"140Rousseau's love for the Countess d'Houdetot141M. de Saint Lambert141Cause of the Coolness between J. J. Rousseau and MM.Diderot and Grimm144Treachery of M. Grimm145State of French Society under Louis XV.147Ætat. 46. Rousseau removes from the Hermitage toMontmorenci1758.148His Quarrel with Diderot148He writes against the Establishment of a Theatre at Geneva149Sentiments expressed in his "Confessions"149Marshal the Duke of Luxembourg and the Duchess of Luxembourgfriendly to Rousseau149Publication of "La Nouvelle Héloïse"1760.150The "Emile," or Rousseau on Education150Some admirable Maxims of that celebrated Treatise150M. de Malesherbes151The "Confession of a Savoyard Vicar"152Ætat. 50. It is condemned, and Rousseau warned by the Duchessof Luxembourg to make his escape1762.153He arrives at Iverdun, but is exiled by the Council of Berne154Is received at Neufchâtel by the Governor, Marshal LordKeith154His Study of Botany, and herborising Rambles155His Controversy with Geneva156Disturbances at Geneva157Rousseau's "Lettres écrites de la Montagne"157Rousseau quits Motiers through Fear of Assassination157Resides in the Island of St. Pierre, Lake of Bienne, but isexpelled by the Council of Berne158His Dislike of Dependence prevents him from repairing to theCourt of Frederic; Fictitious Letter in that King's Name byHorace Walpole159Hospitably entertained by the Prince de Conti159Ætat. 54. He accompanies David Hume to England1766.160Resides at Wotton in Derbyshire, writes there his "Confessions,"receives a Pension from George III.; but his morbid Melancholycauses him to take some groundless Alarm and to fly toFrance161Ætat. 55. Is protected by the Prince de Conti at the Château ofTrie1767.162Ætat. 58. He is most kindly welcomed at Paris1770.163His Readings of the "Confessions" in Society interrupted by theMinister of Police164Lives by copying Music165Prince de Ligne visits him, and offers him a Home167Countess de Genlis gives Testimony of his Benevolence of Heartand Modesty167The Abbé Bernardin de Saint Pierre gives a very favourableDescription of Rousseau167Respect shown for Rousseau at the Theatre by the Parisians168His morbid Sensibility verging on Madness169Ætat. 66. His Death at Ermenonville, and Rumour with relationto it1778.169Inscription on his Tomb170Character of his "Confessions"171His Jealousy of literary Competitors171His Reveries; his Charity; Suspicion his characteristic172The "Emile" one of his most important Works173Criticism of his "Nouvelle Héloïse"174Eloquence, Tenderness, and Nature, in his Writings174
Birth of Jean-Jacques Rousseau at Geneva
1712.
111
His Studies when a Boy
112
Placed under M. Lambercier, Minister of Bossey
113
Lives with a M. Bernard, Engineer
114
Is pupil to a Greffier
114
His love of Reading
115
He runs away from Geneva
115
Visits M. de Pontverre at Confignon in Savoy
116
The Countess de Warens, a Convert to the Romish Religion, ispensioned by the King of Sardinia, and resides at Annecy
117
Rousseau is recommended to the Hospital of Turin for theConversion of Protestants
117
His Abjuration of the Calvinistic Creed
118
Is Footman to the Countess Vercelli
119
Also a domestic in a noble Family at Turin
120
Whom he quits on a roving Expedition to revisit Madame deWarens
120
Ætat. 17. Kind reception of Jean-Jacques by that Lady
1729.
121
His Genius in Music
121
His Visit to Neufchâtel and Paris
122
Ætat. 21. Madame de Warens recommends him to Employment ina Bureau at Chambery
1733.
122
Ætat. 23. He is established at Chambery as Music-master
1735.
124
Madame de Warens removes to Les Charmettes, where Rousseauprosecutes his Studies with Ardour
125
The Confessions of Jean-Jacques with regard to this Period ofhis Career
126
Ill-health of Rousseau
126
His Method of Notation for Music
127
Rousseau's Spirit of Independence
128
Ætat. 29. His Employments at Paris, where he is encouraged
1741.
128
Ætat. 31. Appointed Secretary to M. de Montague, Ambassadorat Venice
1743.
128
His Return to Paris
129
His Friends interest themselves for him
129
His Mistress Thérèse le Vasseur
130
Rousseau consigns their Children to the "Enfants trouvés"
131
Reflections on the Condition of Foundlings
131
Rousseau eventually a Victim to his lax Principles from theDestitution of all social Ties
132
Ætat. 37. Visits M. Diderot, who was confined at Vincennesfor a Pamphlet
1749.
133
Rousseau's celebrated Essay on the proposed Question, "Whetherthe Progress of the Arts and Sciences had tended to corrupt orameliorate the condition of Men"
134
He renounces the Appointment of Cashier to a Farmer-generalof the Taxes
135
Copies Music for a Subsistence
135
Ætat. 38. Great Success of his "Devin du Village," an Opera
1750.
136
His Essay on "The Origin of Inequality among Men"
137
Ætat. 42. He revisits Geneva
1754.
137
Poverty of Madame de Warens
137
Rousseau abjures the Romish Faith, and again embraces theReformed Religion
137
Is invited to reside in Geneva, his native City
138
Madame d'Epinay
138
She establishes him at the Hermitage near Montmorenci,belonging to M. d'Epinay
138
Rousseau's "Les Institutions Politiques," and other literaryemployments
139
Writes "La Nouvelle Héloïse"
140
Rousseau's love for the Countess d'Houdetot
141
M. de Saint Lambert
141
Cause of the Coolness between J. J. Rousseau and MM.Diderot and Grimm
144
Treachery of M. Grimm
145
State of French Society under Louis XV.
147
Ætat. 46. Rousseau removes from the Hermitage toMontmorenci
1758.
148
His Quarrel with Diderot
148
He writes against the Establishment of a Theatre at Geneva
149
Sentiments expressed in his "Confessions"
149
Marshal the Duke of Luxembourg and the Duchess of Luxembourgfriendly to Rousseau
149
Publication of "La Nouvelle Héloïse"
1760.
150
The "Emile," or Rousseau on Education
150
Some admirable Maxims of that celebrated Treatise
150
M. de Malesherbes
151
The "Confession of a Savoyard Vicar"
152
Ætat. 50. It is condemned, and Rousseau warned by the Duchessof Luxembourg to make his escape
1762.
153
He arrives at Iverdun, but is exiled by the Council of Berne
154
Is received at Neufchâtel by the Governor, Marshal LordKeith
154
His Study of Botany, and herborising Rambles
155
His Controversy with Geneva
156
Disturbances at Geneva
157
Rousseau's "Lettres écrites de la Montagne"
157
Rousseau quits Motiers through Fear of Assassination
157
Resides in the Island of St. Pierre, Lake of Bienne, but isexpelled by the Council of Berne
158
His Dislike of Dependence prevents him from repairing to theCourt of Frederic; Fictitious Letter in that King's Name byHorace Walpole
159
Hospitably entertained by the Prince de Conti
159
Ætat. 54. He accompanies David Hume to England
1766.
160
Resides at Wotton in Derbyshire, writes there his "Confessions,"receives a Pension from George III.; but his morbid Melancholycauses him to take some groundless Alarm and to fly toFrance
161
Ætat. 55. Is protected by the Prince de Conti at the Château ofTrie
1767.
162
Ætat. 58. He is most kindly welcomed at Paris
1770.
163
His Readings of the "Confessions" in Society interrupted by theMinister of Police
164
Lives by copying Music
165
Prince de Ligne visits him, and offers him a Home
167
Countess de Genlis gives Testimony of his Benevolence of Heartand Modesty
167
The Abbé Bernardin de Saint Pierre gives a very favourableDescription of Rousseau
167
Respect shown for Rousseau at the Theatre by the Parisians
168
His morbid Sensibility verging on Madness
169
Ætat. 66. His Death at Ermenonville, and Rumour with relationto it
1778.
169
Inscription on his Tomb
170
Character of his "Confessions"
171
His Jealousy of literary Competitors
171
His Reveries; his Charity; Suspicion his characteristic
172
The "Emile" one of his most important Works
173
Criticism of his "Nouvelle Héloïse"
174
Eloquence, Tenderness, and Nature, in his Writings
174