[1196]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 307 (1542-43).[1197]To Johann Silvius Egranus, March 24, 1518, “Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 173.[1198]See above, p. 226 ff.[1199]Thus as early as June 27, 1522, to Staupitz at Salzburg, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 407, with the emphatic assurance: “sed Christus, qui cœpit, conteret eum, frustra renitentibus omnibus portis inferi.”[1200]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 117.[1201]Ib., 59, p. 342.[1202]Ib., 57, p. 65.[1203]Ib., 58, p. 301.[1204]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1205]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 73, 55. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 113.[1206]P. 200. Cp. above, p. 174.[1207]P. 193´.[1208]“Cochlæi Acta, etc.” (1549), p. 2: “quod etiam corporaliter visus quibusdam fuerit cum eo conversari.”[1209]“I feel him well enough.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1210]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 198.[1211]Ib., p. 331.[1212]To Wenceslaus Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301.[1213]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 24, p. 51; Erl. ed., 33, p. 55.[1214]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 51, p. 90 f. (1534).[1215]Ib., cp. above, p. 5.[1216]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 279.[1217]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 235.[1218]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 1, 1, p. 586; Erl. ed., 10², p. 355, Church-postils.[1219]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 70.[1220]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 55 f.[1221]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 340. Lauterbach,ib., p. 56.[1222]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 228. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60, under the heading “Satan flees from music”: “It was thus that David with his harp abated Saul’s temptations when the devil plagued him” (3 Kg. xvi. 23).[1223]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 313.[1224]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 343 f.[1225]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 56.[1226]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 165.[1227]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 27.[1228]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 3.[1229]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 82.[1230]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1231]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 55, 73.[1232]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 30.[1233]Ib., p. 163.[1234]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 88 f. Cp. “Luthers Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 101 f., n. 59.[1235]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 121. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 12, and Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 380, from Notes of Lauterbach and Weller. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 78.[1236]Lauterbach,ib.In the Latin “Colloquia” as well as in the German Table-Talk (ib.), in connection with “the clergy and schoolmasters” of the past, it is related, that, in their day, the head of an ox was taken from the fence and thrown into the St. John’s bonfire, whereby a great number of witches were attracted to the place. Then follows at once in both passages, in order to emphasise the advance which had been made: “But Dr. Pommer’s plan is the best,” etc., etc. See vol. iii., p. 230, n. 2.[1237]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 218.[1238]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 59.[1239]Ib., 31, p. 311.[1240]Ib., p. 316 f.[1241]Ib., 60, p. 61.[1242]Ib., and 59, p. 294.[1243]See below, xxxiii., 4.[1244]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1245]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 312. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sq., and below, p. 314, n. 3.[1246]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 179 (1540), where Kroker remarks: “A favourite saying with Luther,” and quotes Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” pp. 130 and 295. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 215, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 124.[1247]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 277 ff.; Erl. ed., 27, p. 86 ff.[1248]Ib., 7, p. 262 ff.=27, p. 200 ff.[1249]In the writing against Alveld, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 286; Erl. ed., 27, p. 87.[1250]“Briefe,” 6, p. 321, of 1542. See above, vol. iv., p. 292.[1251]Nov. 6, 1542, “Briefe,” 5, p. 505; cp. 6, p. 320.[1252]Feb. 10, 1546,ib., 5, p. 789.[1253]Feb. 7, 1546,ib., p. 787.[1254]Feb. 1, 1546,ib., p. 784.[1255]Above, vol. ii., p. 140 f.; also vol. iii., pp. 233 ff., 264 ff., 301; vol. iv., pp. 161 ff., 318 ff.[1256]Feb. 6, 1546, “Briefe,” 5, p. 786.[1257]Above, vol. iii., p. 305.[1258]Ib., p. 268.[1259]On certain frivolous expressions which Luther was fond of using of holy things his opponents seized as proofs that he was little better than an atheist or blasphemer. There is indeed no doubt that religious reverence suffered by his jests. Do you suppose Christ was drunk, he repeatedly asks, when He commanded this or that? The Son of Man came to save what was lost, but He set about it foolishly enough. Unless Our Lord God understands a joke, then I shouldn’t like to go to heaven. He even has a jest about the feathers of the Holy Ghost, pokes fun at the Saints, etc., etc.—On the occasion of his journey to Heidelberg, in 1518, undertaken at a grave juncture when the penalties of the Church were hanging over his head, he said jestingly, that he had no need of contrition, confession or satisfaction, the hardships of the journey being equal to “contritio perfecta,” etc. (“Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 184). The Pietists were not so far wrong when they asked in their day: “Who would wish to approve all the jests of that holy man, our dearly-beloved Luther?” (Cp. Frank, “Luther im Spiegel seiner Kirche” (“Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol.,” 1905, p. 473.)) “Some readers may, for instance, be scandalised at the passages where Luther makes fun of Scripture texts or articles of faith, e.g. the Trinity.” Thus in the “Beil. z. M. Allg. Ztng.,” 1904, No. 26.[1260]See vol. iii., p. 149 ff.[1261]See vol. ii., p. 137.[1262]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 323; Erl. ed., 27, p. 138.[1263]Ib., p. 391 f.=23.[1264]March 5, 1522,ib., Erl. ed., 53, p. 106 f. (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 296).[1265]Ib.[1266]June 27, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 35.[1267]To the Elector Johann Frederick, July 9, 1535, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 95 (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 169).[1268]To Johann Rühel, etc., June 15, 1525, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 314 (“Briefwechsel,” 5, p. 195).[1269]See vol. ii., p. 184.[1270]Dec. 4, 1539, “Briefwechsel,” 12, p. 317.[1271]Amsdorf to Spalatin, April 4, 1523, see Kolde, “Anal. Lutherana,” p. 443.[1272]May 23, 1534, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 54 f. “Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 48.[1273]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 249.[1274]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. For other remedies against sadness mentioned here or elsewhere see above, p. 92 f., and below, p. 323, and vol. iii., pp. 175 ff., 305 ff.; vol. iv., p. 311 f.[1275]Bugenhagen’s account of Luther’s illness and temptations of 1527, from the Latin. Walch’s ed. of Luther’s Works, 21, p. 158*; Vogt, “Bugenhagens Briefwechsel,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1276]April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308.[1277]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 310.[1278]To Melanchthon, June 29, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1279]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 55, p. 86 ff. (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 127). The preface is addressed to Amsdorf.[1280]See Dietz, “Wörterbuch, etc.”[1281]Ib., p. 89.[1282]Ib., 26², p. 251.[1283]Ib., p. 275.[1284]Ib.[1285]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 390.[1286]Ib.[1287]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406: “Mentionem fecit morbi sui spiritualis. Nam in 14 diebus nihil edit neque bibit neque dormivit.‘Quo tempore sæpius disputavi cum Deo,’” etc.[1288]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1289]Ib., p. 113. Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 62, p. 16.[1290]To Justus Menius, May 1, 1542, “Briefe,” ed. De Wette, 5, p. 467.[1291]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159, June 18, 1540: “tentari de blasphemia, de iudicio Dei, ibi nec peccatum intelligimus nec remedia novimus.” According to other passages he is here speaking from his own experience.[1292]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1293]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 57, p. 65.[1294]Ib., p. 66.[1295]Ib., 60, p. 82 f.[1296]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 34, 2, p. 266; Erl. ed., 19², p. 76. Sermon at Michaelmas. In place of the devil’s “raging” (“Rasen”), as in Erl. ed., the Weim. ed. reads “nosing” (“Nasen”) [?“Nahsein”]. Rorer’s MS. reads: “Et in me sentio satanæ nisum.”[1297]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 36, p. 476; Erl. ed., 18², p. 359, Sermon on 1 John iv. (16-21).[1298]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 3, pp. 61 f., 63 f.; Erl. ed., 28, pp. 283, 285, at the end of the eight sermons against Carlstadt.[1299]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221sq.[1300]Ib., 3, p. 154sq.“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 70. Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 107. Taken from Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 26, 1532.[1301]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 243.[1302]Schlaginhaufen, p. 11 (Dec. 14, 1531). Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 46.[1303]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 128.[1304]“Opp. lat. exeg.,” 18, p. 223.[1305]See vol. iii., pp. 175 f., 178 f.[1306]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. Cp.ib., Veit Dietrich’s statement, and vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1307]Schlaginhaufen, p. 41, Jan.-March, 1532. Cp. Cordatus, p. 131; “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 298; “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 402.[1308]Above, p. 7 ff.[1309]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1310]Ib., p. 301 f.[1311]Ib., 20², 1, p. 161, Sermon on Gal. i. 4 f. (1538).[1312]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 48, with the addition: “But the Law must be preached to those who are well.”[1313]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1314]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 122.[1315]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 411. Cp. Khummer, in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 74.[1316]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 363.[1317]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, 301.[1318]Ib.[1319]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 21.[1320]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159.[1321]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 47.[1322]“Vitæ reformatorum,” ed. Neander, “Vita Lutheri,” c. 4, p. 5. The text was Rom. xi. 32.[1323]Cp. above, p. 323.[1324]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 19 ff.[1325]Ib., p. 9. Cp. above, vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1326]See vol. ii., p. 180 f. Cp. Melanchthon’s statement, p. 177.[1327]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 10.[1328]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 147 f., June 11-19, 1540. See vol. iii., p. 203 f.[1329]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 39.[1330]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1331]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 40: “Tristitiæ spiritus est ipsa conscientia.” Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, pp. 296, 298, and “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, 108.[1332]Cp. above, p. 66 ff.[1333]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 26, Jan.-March, 1532.[1334]To Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301 f.[1335]March 8, 1544, “Briefe,” 5, p. 635: “solari contra conscientiam, quæ est mortis sævissimum ministerium.” Cp. above, p. 67.[1336]To the Wittenberg Augustinians, Nov. 1, 1521, in the dedication of his writing “De abroganda missa privata,” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 411 f.; “Opp. lat. var.,” 6, p. 116 (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 243). Cp. above, vol. ii., p. 79 ff.[1337]“Furebam ita sæva et perturbata conscientia,” etc. “Opp. lat. var.,” 1, p. 22. Vol. i., p. 388 ff.[1338]From the letter to the Augustinians, p. 411 f.=116.[1339]To Melanchthon, May 26, 1521, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 163.[1340]Khummer (1539), in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 36: “per totum triennium laboravi omnibus desperationibus.” The reading “omnibus desperantibus” is excluded by what follows: “scripserunt quidam ad me fratres ad constantiam me adhortantes.”[1341]To Link, Sep. 8, 1541, “Briefe,” 5, p. 399.[1342]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 9.[1343]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 205. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 80. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 160 f.[1344]“Acetissimum mihi acetum,” speaking of the rapacity of the despoilers of the churches and of the use of church property for purely private purposes. To Spalatin, Jan. 1, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 3. On this illness, see below, vol. vi., xxvi., 1.[1345]“Luthers Werke,” Walch ed., 21, appendix, p. 158*, from the Latin. Best rendered in the original Latin text in O. Vogt, “Briefwechsel Bugenhagens,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1346]Cp. the account of Jonas, “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sqq., and better still, Kawerau, “Briefwechsel des Jonas,” 1, 1884-85, p. 104 ff. The account begins: “Cum mane, ut ipse fatebatur nobis, habuisset grandem tentationem spiritualem et tamen utcunque ad se rediisset.” Kawerau,ib., p. 109: “Dixit (Lutherus) hesternam tentationem spiritualem duplo fuisse maiorem, quam hanc ægritudinem ad vesperam subsecutam.”[1347]Aug. 2, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 71: “Agebar fluctibus et procellis desperationis et blasphemiae.... Deus eruit animam meam de inferno inferiori” (Ps. lxxxv. 13).[1348]Aug. 12, 1527,ib., p. 73, “Agon iste meus,” etc.[1349]Ib., p. 78.[1350]Ib., p. 84 f.[1351]To Michael Stiefel,ib., p. 104.[1352]To Justus Jonas,ib., p. 106.[1353]To Melanchthon,ib., p. 110: “cum aliud non quæram aut sitiam quam propitium Deum.”[1354]Ib., p. 111. 2 Cor. vii. 5: “Foris pugnæ, intus timores”; Luther: “pavores.”[1355]To Jonas,ib., p. 113. He, however, has a joke even here at the expense of Bugenhagen, who was then staying in his house: “Salutat te Pomeranus, hodie cacator purgandus factus.”[1356]Cp. Ps. cviii. 17: “compunctum corde mortificare.” Luther, quoting from memory, says: “contritum corde ad mortificandum.”[1357]“Novissimus omnium hominum.” Cp. Ps. liii. 3: “novissimus virorum,” of the Messias; 1 Cor. iv. 9: “novissimos ostendit,” of the Apostles.—“Quem Deus percussit, persequuntur”; cp. Ps. lxviii. 27.[1358]For the letters quoted, see “Briefwechsel,” under the dates given.[1359]To the Elector Johann of Saxony, Jan. 16, 1528, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 215 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 195).[1360]Jan. or Feb., 1527, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 15; Erl. ed., 53, p. 412 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15).[1361]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1362]Cp. the letter to Link of March 7, 1529,ib., 7, p. 63.[1363]Cp. vol. iii., p. 218 ff.[1364]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 19², p. 350 f., Sermon on Rom. viii. 31 (1537).[1365]To Link, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 214.[1366]“Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 52: “ut Dominus non me deserat in manu Satanæ.”[1367]Ib., p. 87.[1368]To Johann Brismann at Riga,ib., p. 139. On the extraordinary states and temptations of certain Saints which some have likened to Luther’s “temptations,” see below, vol. vi., xxxv., 5, at the end.[1369]To Link, Oct. 28, 1529,ib., p. 179 f. On the Marburg Conference, see vol. iii., p. 381 f.[1370]Ib., p. 180. Cp. Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 180.[1371]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 13; Erl. ed., 53, p. 411 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15). Cp. the article on Kling by N. Paulus, “Katholik,” 1892, 1, p. 146 ff.[1372]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 322; Erl. ed., 63, p. 259, in the Preface to the work of Justus Menius against Conrad Kling: “Etlicher gottloser Lere ... Verlegung,” etc., 1527.[1373]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 530 ff.; Erl. ed., 63, p. 271.[1374]Ib., Erl. ed., 56, p. 343 f. Cp. below, xxxiv., 4. [We give it above in Carlyle’s rendering, “Miscellanies,” “Luther’s Psalm.”][1375]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, pp. 177, 646.[1376]Cp. vol. iii., pp. 48 f., 325 f.[1377]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 30, 2, p. 41; Erl. ed., 31, p. 20. “Von heimlichẽ und gestolen Brieffen,” 1529.[1378]P. Tschackert, “Die Entstehung des Lutherliedes ‘Ein’ feste,’” etc. (“Theol. Literaturblatt,” 1905, No. 2, and before, in the “N. kirchl. Zeitschr.,” 1903, Hft. 10).[1379]Exposition of John xvii., “Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 91; Erl. ed., 50, p. 174.[1380]Ib., p. 137=213.[1381]Ib., p. 85 f.=169.[1382]Ib., p. 159 f.=233 f.[1383]Ib., p. 199=264.[1384]Ib., p. 182 ff.=252 f.[1385]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 295 ff.; Erl. ed., 50, p. 328 f.[1386]To Spalatin, April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308. See above, p. 315.[1387]To Melanchthon, May 12, 1530,ib., p. 332 f.[1388]To Jonas, May 19, 1530,ib., p. 338.[1389]To Melanchthon, May 15, 1530,ib., p. 335.[1390]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 203.[1391]“Spiritus ille, qui me colaphizavit hactenus.” Cp. 2 Cor. xii. 7: “angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet.”[1392]“Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1393]Oct. 31, 1530,ib., p. 301.[1394]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 87.[1395]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 374, Oct. 28-Dec. 12, 1536.[1396]Schlaginhaufen,ib.[1397]See above, vol. ii., pp. 391 ff.; vol. iv., pp. 191 ff.[1398]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 115, March 21 to June 11, 1540.[1399]To Jakob Probst, Dec. 31, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 169.[1400]To Johann Hess, Jan. 27, 1528,ib., p. 199 f.[1401]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 19, p. 609 f.; Erl. ed., 38, p. 445 f., “Vier trostliche Psalmen” (1526).[1402]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 295. In 1542-43.[1403]Ib., p. 317, Spring, 1543. His statement runs, that “no heresiarch can be converted.” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 262; cp. 23, p. 73; Erl. ed., 30, p. 22.[1404]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 5.[1405]Ib.[1406]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 683; Erl. ed., 22, p. 53. “Eyn trew Vormanung,” etc. Cp. his outbursts against the “obstinacy of the heretics,” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 37sqq.: “Temeritas Schwermeriorum pestilentissima est,” etc. P. 40, under the heading: “Quomodo sit cum fanaticis agendum.”[1407]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 52, p. 24 f. According to his sermons.[1408]Cp. below, p. 355 f.[1409]“There is only one article and rule in theology, viz. true faith or trust in Christ.... The devil has opposed this article from the beginning of the world.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 398.—“A Christian must be quite convinced that a thing is so and not otherwise ... so that he may be able to withstand every temptation and stand up to the devil and all his angels, nay, even to God Himself, without wavering.”Ib., p. 394.—“Whoever is not sure of his teaching and faith, and yet wishes to dispute, is done for.”Ib.—“Satan comes to accuse what is best; hence a man must have certainty.” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221.—“For it is absolutely necessary that consciences should reach certainty and confidence in all matters; if ever a doubt remains, then everything wobbles.” To N. Hausmann, Dec. 17, 1533, “Briefwechsel,” 9, p. 363.[1410]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 317.[1411]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 38.[1412]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406, March 21-28, 1537. Cp. above, p. 319, n. 1.[1413]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1414]Ib., p. 128, Sep. 10.[1415]Ib., p. 4, Jan. 5.[1416]Ib., p. 106.[1417]See below, p. 369 ff. Cp. the previous passage.[1418]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 315. The passage 2 Cor. xii. 7: “Datus est mihi stimulus carnis meæ, angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet,” is generally taken with St. Thomas to refer to temptations of the flesh.[1419]Khummer in Lauterbach’s “Tagebuch,” p. 73 f. In 1539.[1420]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 197.[1421]Ib., 58, p. 286.[1422]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 49.[1423]Ib., p. 97.[1424]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 39, Jan. to March, 1532.[1425]Ib., p. 214. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 213 f. Leonard Beyer had defended Luther’s Theses as a young Augustinian at the Heidelberg Disputation in 1518.[1426]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1427]To Jonas, Dec. 30, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 167.[1428]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450: “aliquis vehementior affectus.” Vol. iii., p. 174, n. 1.[1429]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 69, p. 129; above, vol. iv., p. 311.[1430]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 515.[1431]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 299. To Hier. Weller, July (?), 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 160. Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. See vol. iii., p. 175 ff.
[1196]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 307 (1542-43).[1197]To Johann Silvius Egranus, March 24, 1518, “Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 173.[1198]See above, p. 226 ff.[1199]Thus as early as June 27, 1522, to Staupitz at Salzburg, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 407, with the emphatic assurance: “sed Christus, qui cœpit, conteret eum, frustra renitentibus omnibus portis inferi.”[1200]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 117.[1201]Ib., 59, p. 342.[1202]Ib., 57, p. 65.[1203]Ib., 58, p. 301.[1204]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1205]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 73, 55. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 113.[1206]P. 200. Cp. above, p. 174.[1207]P. 193´.[1208]“Cochlæi Acta, etc.” (1549), p. 2: “quod etiam corporaliter visus quibusdam fuerit cum eo conversari.”[1209]“I feel him well enough.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1210]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 198.[1211]Ib., p. 331.[1212]To Wenceslaus Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301.[1213]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 24, p. 51; Erl. ed., 33, p. 55.[1214]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 51, p. 90 f. (1534).[1215]Ib., cp. above, p. 5.[1216]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 279.[1217]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 235.[1218]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 1, 1, p. 586; Erl. ed., 10², p. 355, Church-postils.[1219]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 70.[1220]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 55 f.[1221]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 340. Lauterbach,ib., p. 56.[1222]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 228. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60, under the heading “Satan flees from music”: “It was thus that David with his harp abated Saul’s temptations when the devil plagued him” (3 Kg. xvi. 23).[1223]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 313.[1224]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 343 f.[1225]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 56.[1226]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 165.[1227]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 27.[1228]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 3.[1229]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 82.[1230]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1231]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 55, 73.[1232]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 30.[1233]Ib., p. 163.[1234]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 88 f. Cp. “Luthers Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 101 f., n. 59.[1235]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 121. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 12, and Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 380, from Notes of Lauterbach and Weller. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 78.[1236]Lauterbach,ib.In the Latin “Colloquia” as well as in the German Table-Talk (ib.), in connection with “the clergy and schoolmasters” of the past, it is related, that, in their day, the head of an ox was taken from the fence and thrown into the St. John’s bonfire, whereby a great number of witches were attracted to the place. Then follows at once in both passages, in order to emphasise the advance which had been made: “But Dr. Pommer’s plan is the best,” etc., etc. See vol. iii., p. 230, n. 2.[1237]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 218.[1238]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 59.[1239]Ib., 31, p. 311.[1240]Ib., p. 316 f.[1241]Ib., 60, p. 61.[1242]Ib., and 59, p. 294.[1243]See below, xxxiii., 4.[1244]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1245]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 312. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sq., and below, p. 314, n. 3.[1246]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 179 (1540), where Kroker remarks: “A favourite saying with Luther,” and quotes Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” pp. 130 and 295. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 215, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 124.[1247]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 277 ff.; Erl. ed., 27, p. 86 ff.[1248]Ib., 7, p. 262 ff.=27, p. 200 ff.[1249]In the writing against Alveld, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 286; Erl. ed., 27, p. 87.[1250]“Briefe,” 6, p. 321, of 1542. See above, vol. iv., p. 292.[1251]Nov. 6, 1542, “Briefe,” 5, p. 505; cp. 6, p. 320.[1252]Feb. 10, 1546,ib., 5, p. 789.[1253]Feb. 7, 1546,ib., p. 787.[1254]Feb. 1, 1546,ib., p. 784.[1255]Above, vol. ii., p. 140 f.; also vol. iii., pp. 233 ff., 264 ff., 301; vol. iv., pp. 161 ff., 318 ff.[1256]Feb. 6, 1546, “Briefe,” 5, p. 786.[1257]Above, vol. iii., p. 305.[1258]Ib., p. 268.[1259]On certain frivolous expressions which Luther was fond of using of holy things his opponents seized as proofs that he was little better than an atheist or blasphemer. There is indeed no doubt that religious reverence suffered by his jests. Do you suppose Christ was drunk, he repeatedly asks, when He commanded this or that? The Son of Man came to save what was lost, but He set about it foolishly enough. Unless Our Lord God understands a joke, then I shouldn’t like to go to heaven. He even has a jest about the feathers of the Holy Ghost, pokes fun at the Saints, etc., etc.—On the occasion of his journey to Heidelberg, in 1518, undertaken at a grave juncture when the penalties of the Church were hanging over his head, he said jestingly, that he had no need of contrition, confession or satisfaction, the hardships of the journey being equal to “contritio perfecta,” etc. (“Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 184). The Pietists were not so far wrong when they asked in their day: “Who would wish to approve all the jests of that holy man, our dearly-beloved Luther?” (Cp. Frank, “Luther im Spiegel seiner Kirche” (“Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol.,” 1905, p. 473.)) “Some readers may, for instance, be scandalised at the passages where Luther makes fun of Scripture texts or articles of faith, e.g. the Trinity.” Thus in the “Beil. z. M. Allg. Ztng.,” 1904, No. 26.[1260]See vol. iii., p. 149 ff.[1261]See vol. ii., p. 137.[1262]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 323; Erl. ed., 27, p. 138.[1263]Ib., p. 391 f.=23.[1264]March 5, 1522,ib., Erl. ed., 53, p. 106 f. (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 296).[1265]Ib.[1266]June 27, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 35.[1267]To the Elector Johann Frederick, July 9, 1535, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 95 (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 169).[1268]To Johann Rühel, etc., June 15, 1525, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 314 (“Briefwechsel,” 5, p. 195).[1269]See vol. ii., p. 184.[1270]Dec. 4, 1539, “Briefwechsel,” 12, p. 317.[1271]Amsdorf to Spalatin, April 4, 1523, see Kolde, “Anal. Lutherana,” p. 443.[1272]May 23, 1534, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 54 f. “Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 48.[1273]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 249.[1274]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. For other remedies against sadness mentioned here or elsewhere see above, p. 92 f., and below, p. 323, and vol. iii., pp. 175 ff., 305 ff.; vol. iv., p. 311 f.[1275]Bugenhagen’s account of Luther’s illness and temptations of 1527, from the Latin. Walch’s ed. of Luther’s Works, 21, p. 158*; Vogt, “Bugenhagens Briefwechsel,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1276]April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308.[1277]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 310.[1278]To Melanchthon, June 29, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1279]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 55, p. 86 ff. (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 127). The preface is addressed to Amsdorf.[1280]See Dietz, “Wörterbuch, etc.”[1281]Ib., p. 89.[1282]Ib., 26², p. 251.[1283]Ib., p. 275.[1284]Ib.[1285]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 390.[1286]Ib.[1287]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406: “Mentionem fecit morbi sui spiritualis. Nam in 14 diebus nihil edit neque bibit neque dormivit.‘Quo tempore sæpius disputavi cum Deo,’” etc.[1288]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1289]Ib., p. 113. Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 62, p. 16.[1290]To Justus Menius, May 1, 1542, “Briefe,” ed. De Wette, 5, p. 467.[1291]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159, June 18, 1540: “tentari de blasphemia, de iudicio Dei, ibi nec peccatum intelligimus nec remedia novimus.” According to other passages he is here speaking from his own experience.[1292]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1293]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 57, p. 65.[1294]Ib., p. 66.[1295]Ib., 60, p. 82 f.[1296]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 34, 2, p. 266; Erl. ed., 19², p. 76. Sermon at Michaelmas. In place of the devil’s “raging” (“Rasen”), as in Erl. ed., the Weim. ed. reads “nosing” (“Nasen”) [?“Nahsein”]. Rorer’s MS. reads: “Et in me sentio satanæ nisum.”[1297]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 36, p. 476; Erl. ed., 18², p. 359, Sermon on 1 John iv. (16-21).[1298]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 3, pp. 61 f., 63 f.; Erl. ed., 28, pp. 283, 285, at the end of the eight sermons against Carlstadt.[1299]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221sq.[1300]Ib., 3, p. 154sq.“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 70. Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 107. Taken from Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 26, 1532.[1301]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 243.[1302]Schlaginhaufen, p. 11 (Dec. 14, 1531). Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 46.[1303]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 128.[1304]“Opp. lat. exeg.,” 18, p. 223.[1305]See vol. iii., pp. 175 f., 178 f.[1306]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. Cp.ib., Veit Dietrich’s statement, and vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1307]Schlaginhaufen, p. 41, Jan.-March, 1532. Cp. Cordatus, p. 131; “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 298; “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 402.[1308]Above, p. 7 ff.[1309]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1310]Ib., p. 301 f.[1311]Ib., 20², 1, p. 161, Sermon on Gal. i. 4 f. (1538).[1312]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 48, with the addition: “But the Law must be preached to those who are well.”[1313]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1314]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 122.[1315]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 411. Cp. Khummer, in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 74.[1316]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 363.[1317]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, 301.[1318]Ib.[1319]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 21.[1320]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159.[1321]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 47.[1322]“Vitæ reformatorum,” ed. Neander, “Vita Lutheri,” c. 4, p. 5. The text was Rom. xi. 32.[1323]Cp. above, p. 323.[1324]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 19 ff.[1325]Ib., p. 9. Cp. above, vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1326]See vol. ii., p. 180 f. Cp. Melanchthon’s statement, p. 177.[1327]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 10.[1328]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 147 f., June 11-19, 1540. See vol. iii., p. 203 f.[1329]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 39.[1330]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1331]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 40: “Tristitiæ spiritus est ipsa conscientia.” Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, pp. 296, 298, and “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, 108.[1332]Cp. above, p. 66 ff.[1333]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 26, Jan.-March, 1532.[1334]To Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301 f.[1335]March 8, 1544, “Briefe,” 5, p. 635: “solari contra conscientiam, quæ est mortis sævissimum ministerium.” Cp. above, p. 67.[1336]To the Wittenberg Augustinians, Nov. 1, 1521, in the dedication of his writing “De abroganda missa privata,” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 411 f.; “Opp. lat. var.,” 6, p. 116 (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 243). Cp. above, vol. ii., p. 79 ff.[1337]“Furebam ita sæva et perturbata conscientia,” etc. “Opp. lat. var.,” 1, p. 22. Vol. i., p. 388 ff.[1338]From the letter to the Augustinians, p. 411 f.=116.[1339]To Melanchthon, May 26, 1521, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 163.[1340]Khummer (1539), in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 36: “per totum triennium laboravi omnibus desperationibus.” The reading “omnibus desperantibus” is excluded by what follows: “scripserunt quidam ad me fratres ad constantiam me adhortantes.”[1341]To Link, Sep. 8, 1541, “Briefe,” 5, p. 399.[1342]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 9.[1343]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 205. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 80. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 160 f.[1344]“Acetissimum mihi acetum,” speaking of the rapacity of the despoilers of the churches and of the use of church property for purely private purposes. To Spalatin, Jan. 1, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 3. On this illness, see below, vol. vi., xxvi., 1.[1345]“Luthers Werke,” Walch ed., 21, appendix, p. 158*, from the Latin. Best rendered in the original Latin text in O. Vogt, “Briefwechsel Bugenhagens,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1346]Cp. the account of Jonas, “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sqq., and better still, Kawerau, “Briefwechsel des Jonas,” 1, 1884-85, p. 104 ff. The account begins: “Cum mane, ut ipse fatebatur nobis, habuisset grandem tentationem spiritualem et tamen utcunque ad se rediisset.” Kawerau,ib., p. 109: “Dixit (Lutherus) hesternam tentationem spiritualem duplo fuisse maiorem, quam hanc ægritudinem ad vesperam subsecutam.”[1347]Aug. 2, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 71: “Agebar fluctibus et procellis desperationis et blasphemiae.... Deus eruit animam meam de inferno inferiori” (Ps. lxxxv. 13).[1348]Aug. 12, 1527,ib., p. 73, “Agon iste meus,” etc.[1349]Ib., p. 78.[1350]Ib., p. 84 f.[1351]To Michael Stiefel,ib., p. 104.[1352]To Justus Jonas,ib., p. 106.[1353]To Melanchthon,ib., p. 110: “cum aliud non quæram aut sitiam quam propitium Deum.”[1354]Ib., p. 111. 2 Cor. vii. 5: “Foris pugnæ, intus timores”; Luther: “pavores.”[1355]To Jonas,ib., p. 113. He, however, has a joke even here at the expense of Bugenhagen, who was then staying in his house: “Salutat te Pomeranus, hodie cacator purgandus factus.”[1356]Cp. Ps. cviii. 17: “compunctum corde mortificare.” Luther, quoting from memory, says: “contritum corde ad mortificandum.”[1357]“Novissimus omnium hominum.” Cp. Ps. liii. 3: “novissimus virorum,” of the Messias; 1 Cor. iv. 9: “novissimos ostendit,” of the Apostles.—“Quem Deus percussit, persequuntur”; cp. Ps. lxviii. 27.[1358]For the letters quoted, see “Briefwechsel,” under the dates given.[1359]To the Elector Johann of Saxony, Jan. 16, 1528, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 215 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 195).[1360]Jan. or Feb., 1527, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 15; Erl. ed., 53, p. 412 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15).[1361]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1362]Cp. the letter to Link of March 7, 1529,ib., 7, p. 63.[1363]Cp. vol. iii., p. 218 ff.[1364]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 19², p. 350 f., Sermon on Rom. viii. 31 (1537).[1365]To Link, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 214.[1366]“Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 52: “ut Dominus non me deserat in manu Satanæ.”[1367]Ib., p. 87.[1368]To Johann Brismann at Riga,ib., p. 139. On the extraordinary states and temptations of certain Saints which some have likened to Luther’s “temptations,” see below, vol. vi., xxxv., 5, at the end.[1369]To Link, Oct. 28, 1529,ib., p. 179 f. On the Marburg Conference, see vol. iii., p. 381 f.[1370]Ib., p. 180. Cp. Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 180.[1371]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 13; Erl. ed., 53, p. 411 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15). Cp. the article on Kling by N. Paulus, “Katholik,” 1892, 1, p. 146 ff.[1372]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 322; Erl. ed., 63, p. 259, in the Preface to the work of Justus Menius against Conrad Kling: “Etlicher gottloser Lere ... Verlegung,” etc., 1527.[1373]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 530 ff.; Erl. ed., 63, p. 271.[1374]Ib., Erl. ed., 56, p. 343 f. Cp. below, xxxiv., 4. [We give it above in Carlyle’s rendering, “Miscellanies,” “Luther’s Psalm.”][1375]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, pp. 177, 646.[1376]Cp. vol. iii., pp. 48 f., 325 f.[1377]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 30, 2, p. 41; Erl. ed., 31, p. 20. “Von heimlichẽ und gestolen Brieffen,” 1529.[1378]P. Tschackert, “Die Entstehung des Lutherliedes ‘Ein’ feste,’” etc. (“Theol. Literaturblatt,” 1905, No. 2, and before, in the “N. kirchl. Zeitschr.,” 1903, Hft. 10).[1379]Exposition of John xvii., “Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 91; Erl. ed., 50, p. 174.[1380]Ib., p. 137=213.[1381]Ib., p. 85 f.=169.[1382]Ib., p. 159 f.=233 f.[1383]Ib., p. 199=264.[1384]Ib., p. 182 ff.=252 f.[1385]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 295 ff.; Erl. ed., 50, p. 328 f.[1386]To Spalatin, April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308. See above, p. 315.[1387]To Melanchthon, May 12, 1530,ib., p. 332 f.[1388]To Jonas, May 19, 1530,ib., p. 338.[1389]To Melanchthon, May 15, 1530,ib., p. 335.[1390]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 203.[1391]“Spiritus ille, qui me colaphizavit hactenus.” Cp. 2 Cor. xii. 7: “angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet.”[1392]“Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1393]Oct. 31, 1530,ib., p. 301.[1394]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 87.[1395]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 374, Oct. 28-Dec. 12, 1536.[1396]Schlaginhaufen,ib.[1397]See above, vol. ii., pp. 391 ff.; vol. iv., pp. 191 ff.[1398]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 115, March 21 to June 11, 1540.[1399]To Jakob Probst, Dec. 31, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 169.[1400]To Johann Hess, Jan. 27, 1528,ib., p. 199 f.[1401]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 19, p. 609 f.; Erl. ed., 38, p. 445 f., “Vier trostliche Psalmen” (1526).[1402]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 295. In 1542-43.[1403]Ib., p. 317, Spring, 1543. His statement runs, that “no heresiarch can be converted.” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 262; cp. 23, p. 73; Erl. ed., 30, p. 22.[1404]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 5.[1405]Ib.[1406]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 683; Erl. ed., 22, p. 53. “Eyn trew Vormanung,” etc. Cp. his outbursts against the “obstinacy of the heretics,” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 37sqq.: “Temeritas Schwermeriorum pestilentissima est,” etc. P. 40, under the heading: “Quomodo sit cum fanaticis agendum.”[1407]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 52, p. 24 f. According to his sermons.[1408]Cp. below, p. 355 f.[1409]“There is only one article and rule in theology, viz. true faith or trust in Christ.... The devil has opposed this article from the beginning of the world.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 398.—“A Christian must be quite convinced that a thing is so and not otherwise ... so that he may be able to withstand every temptation and stand up to the devil and all his angels, nay, even to God Himself, without wavering.”Ib., p. 394.—“Whoever is not sure of his teaching and faith, and yet wishes to dispute, is done for.”Ib.—“Satan comes to accuse what is best; hence a man must have certainty.” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221.—“For it is absolutely necessary that consciences should reach certainty and confidence in all matters; if ever a doubt remains, then everything wobbles.” To N. Hausmann, Dec. 17, 1533, “Briefwechsel,” 9, p. 363.[1410]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 317.[1411]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 38.[1412]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406, March 21-28, 1537. Cp. above, p. 319, n. 1.[1413]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1414]Ib., p. 128, Sep. 10.[1415]Ib., p. 4, Jan. 5.[1416]Ib., p. 106.[1417]See below, p. 369 ff. Cp. the previous passage.[1418]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 315. The passage 2 Cor. xii. 7: “Datus est mihi stimulus carnis meæ, angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet,” is generally taken with St. Thomas to refer to temptations of the flesh.[1419]Khummer in Lauterbach’s “Tagebuch,” p. 73 f. In 1539.[1420]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 197.[1421]Ib., 58, p. 286.[1422]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 49.[1423]Ib., p. 97.[1424]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 39, Jan. to March, 1532.[1425]Ib., p. 214. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 213 f. Leonard Beyer had defended Luther’s Theses as a young Augustinian at the Heidelberg Disputation in 1518.[1426]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1427]To Jonas, Dec. 30, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 167.[1428]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450: “aliquis vehementior affectus.” Vol. iii., p. 174, n. 1.[1429]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 69, p. 129; above, vol. iv., p. 311.[1430]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 515.[1431]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 299. To Hier. Weller, July (?), 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 160. Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. See vol. iii., p. 175 ff.
[1196]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 307 (1542-43).[1197]To Johann Silvius Egranus, March 24, 1518, “Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 173.[1198]See above, p. 226 ff.[1199]Thus as early as June 27, 1522, to Staupitz at Salzburg, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 407, with the emphatic assurance: “sed Christus, qui cœpit, conteret eum, frustra renitentibus omnibus portis inferi.”[1200]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 117.[1201]Ib., 59, p. 342.[1202]Ib., 57, p. 65.[1203]Ib., 58, p. 301.[1204]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1205]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 73, 55. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 113.[1206]P. 200. Cp. above, p. 174.[1207]P. 193´.[1208]“Cochlæi Acta, etc.” (1549), p. 2: “quod etiam corporaliter visus quibusdam fuerit cum eo conversari.”[1209]“I feel him well enough.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1210]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 198.[1211]Ib., p. 331.[1212]To Wenceslaus Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301.[1213]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 24, p. 51; Erl. ed., 33, p. 55.[1214]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 51, p. 90 f. (1534).[1215]Ib., cp. above, p. 5.[1216]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 279.[1217]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 235.[1218]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 1, 1, p. 586; Erl. ed., 10², p. 355, Church-postils.[1219]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 70.[1220]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 55 f.[1221]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 340. Lauterbach,ib., p. 56.[1222]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 228. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60, under the heading “Satan flees from music”: “It was thus that David with his harp abated Saul’s temptations when the devil plagued him” (3 Kg. xvi. 23).[1223]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 313.[1224]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 343 f.[1225]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 56.[1226]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 165.[1227]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 27.[1228]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 3.[1229]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 82.[1230]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1231]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 55, 73.[1232]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 30.[1233]Ib., p. 163.[1234]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 88 f. Cp. “Luthers Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 101 f., n. 59.[1235]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 121. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 12, and Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 380, from Notes of Lauterbach and Weller. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 78.[1236]Lauterbach,ib.In the Latin “Colloquia” as well as in the German Table-Talk (ib.), in connection with “the clergy and schoolmasters” of the past, it is related, that, in their day, the head of an ox was taken from the fence and thrown into the St. John’s bonfire, whereby a great number of witches were attracted to the place. Then follows at once in both passages, in order to emphasise the advance which had been made: “But Dr. Pommer’s plan is the best,” etc., etc. See vol. iii., p. 230, n. 2.[1237]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 218.[1238]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 59.[1239]Ib., 31, p. 311.[1240]Ib., p. 316 f.[1241]Ib., 60, p. 61.[1242]Ib., and 59, p. 294.[1243]See below, xxxiii., 4.[1244]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1245]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 312. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sq., and below, p. 314, n. 3.[1246]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 179 (1540), where Kroker remarks: “A favourite saying with Luther,” and quotes Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” pp. 130 and 295. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 215, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 124.[1247]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 277 ff.; Erl. ed., 27, p. 86 ff.[1248]Ib., 7, p. 262 ff.=27, p. 200 ff.[1249]In the writing against Alveld, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 286; Erl. ed., 27, p. 87.[1250]“Briefe,” 6, p. 321, of 1542. See above, vol. iv., p. 292.[1251]Nov. 6, 1542, “Briefe,” 5, p. 505; cp. 6, p. 320.[1252]Feb. 10, 1546,ib., 5, p. 789.[1253]Feb. 7, 1546,ib., p. 787.[1254]Feb. 1, 1546,ib., p. 784.[1255]Above, vol. ii., p. 140 f.; also vol. iii., pp. 233 ff., 264 ff., 301; vol. iv., pp. 161 ff., 318 ff.[1256]Feb. 6, 1546, “Briefe,” 5, p. 786.[1257]Above, vol. iii., p. 305.[1258]Ib., p. 268.[1259]On certain frivolous expressions which Luther was fond of using of holy things his opponents seized as proofs that he was little better than an atheist or blasphemer. There is indeed no doubt that religious reverence suffered by his jests. Do you suppose Christ was drunk, he repeatedly asks, when He commanded this or that? The Son of Man came to save what was lost, but He set about it foolishly enough. Unless Our Lord God understands a joke, then I shouldn’t like to go to heaven. He even has a jest about the feathers of the Holy Ghost, pokes fun at the Saints, etc., etc.—On the occasion of his journey to Heidelberg, in 1518, undertaken at a grave juncture when the penalties of the Church were hanging over his head, he said jestingly, that he had no need of contrition, confession or satisfaction, the hardships of the journey being equal to “contritio perfecta,” etc. (“Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 184). The Pietists were not so far wrong when they asked in their day: “Who would wish to approve all the jests of that holy man, our dearly-beloved Luther?” (Cp. Frank, “Luther im Spiegel seiner Kirche” (“Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol.,” 1905, p. 473.)) “Some readers may, for instance, be scandalised at the passages where Luther makes fun of Scripture texts or articles of faith, e.g. the Trinity.” Thus in the “Beil. z. M. Allg. Ztng.,” 1904, No. 26.[1260]See vol. iii., p. 149 ff.[1261]See vol. ii., p. 137.[1262]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 323; Erl. ed., 27, p. 138.[1263]Ib., p. 391 f.=23.[1264]March 5, 1522,ib., Erl. ed., 53, p. 106 f. (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 296).[1265]Ib.[1266]June 27, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 35.[1267]To the Elector Johann Frederick, July 9, 1535, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 95 (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 169).[1268]To Johann Rühel, etc., June 15, 1525, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 314 (“Briefwechsel,” 5, p. 195).[1269]See vol. ii., p. 184.[1270]Dec. 4, 1539, “Briefwechsel,” 12, p. 317.[1271]Amsdorf to Spalatin, April 4, 1523, see Kolde, “Anal. Lutherana,” p. 443.[1272]May 23, 1534, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 54 f. “Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 48.[1273]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 249.[1274]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. For other remedies against sadness mentioned here or elsewhere see above, p. 92 f., and below, p. 323, and vol. iii., pp. 175 ff., 305 ff.; vol. iv., p. 311 f.[1275]Bugenhagen’s account of Luther’s illness and temptations of 1527, from the Latin. Walch’s ed. of Luther’s Works, 21, p. 158*; Vogt, “Bugenhagens Briefwechsel,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1276]April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308.[1277]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 310.[1278]To Melanchthon, June 29, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1279]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 55, p. 86 ff. (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 127). The preface is addressed to Amsdorf.[1280]See Dietz, “Wörterbuch, etc.”[1281]Ib., p. 89.[1282]Ib., 26², p. 251.[1283]Ib., p. 275.[1284]Ib.[1285]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 390.[1286]Ib.[1287]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406: “Mentionem fecit morbi sui spiritualis. Nam in 14 diebus nihil edit neque bibit neque dormivit.‘Quo tempore sæpius disputavi cum Deo,’” etc.[1288]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1289]Ib., p. 113. Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 62, p. 16.[1290]To Justus Menius, May 1, 1542, “Briefe,” ed. De Wette, 5, p. 467.[1291]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159, June 18, 1540: “tentari de blasphemia, de iudicio Dei, ibi nec peccatum intelligimus nec remedia novimus.” According to other passages he is here speaking from his own experience.[1292]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1293]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 57, p. 65.[1294]Ib., p. 66.[1295]Ib., 60, p. 82 f.[1296]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 34, 2, p. 266; Erl. ed., 19², p. 76. Sermon at Michaelmas. In place of the devil’s “raging” (“Rasen”), as in Erl. ed., the Weim. ed. reads “nosing” (“Nasen”) [?“Nahsein”]. Rorer’s MS. reads: “Et in me sentio satanæ nisum.”[1297]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 36, p. 476; Erl. ed., 18², p. 359, Sermon on 1 John iv. (16-21).[1298]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 3, pp. 61 f., 63 f.; Erl. ed., 28, pp. 283, 285, at the end of the eight sermons against Carlstadt.[1299]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221sq.[1300]Ib., 3, p. 154sq.“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 70. Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 107. Taken from Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 26, 1532.[1301]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 243.[1302]Schlaginhaufen, p. 11 (Dec. 14, 1531). Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 46.[1303]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 128.[1304]“Opp. lat. exeg.,” 18, p. 223.[1305]See vol. iii., pp. 175 f., 178 f.[1306]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. Cp.ib., Veit Dietrich’s statement, and vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1307]Schlaginhaufen, p. 41, Jan.-March, 1532. Cp. Cordatus, p. 131; “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 298; “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 402.[1308]Above, p. 7 ff.[1309]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.[1310]Ib., p. 301 f.[1311]Ib., 20², 1, p. 161, Sermon on Gal. i. 4 f. (1538).[1312]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 48, with the addition: “But the Law must be preached to those who are well.”[1313]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.[1314]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 122.[1315]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 411. Cp. Khummer, in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 74.[1316]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 363.[1317]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, 301.[1318]Ib.[1319]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 21.[1320]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159.[1321]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 47.[1322]“Vitæ reformatorum,” ed. Neander, “Vita Lutheri,” c. 4, p. 5. The text was Rom. xi. 32.[1323]Cp. above, p. 323.[1324]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 19 ff.[1325]Ib., p. 9. Cp. above, vol. iii., p. 177 f.[1326]See vol. ii., p. 180 f. Cp. Melanchthon’s statement, p. 177.[1327]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 10.[1328]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 147 f., June 11-19, 1540. See vol. iii., p. 203 f.[1329]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 39.[1330]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1331]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 40: “Tristitiæ spiritus est ipsa conscientia.” Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, pp. 296, 298, and “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, 108.[1332]Cp. above, p. 66 ff.[1333]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 26, Jan.-March, 1532.[1334]To Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301 f.[1335]March 8, 1544, “Briefe,” 5, p. 635: “solari contra conscientiam, quæ est mortis sævissimum ministerium.” Cp. above, p. 67.[1336]To the Wittenberg Augustinians, Nov. 1, 1521, in the dedication of his writing “De abroganda missa privata,” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 411 f.; “Opp. lat. var.,” 6, p. 116 (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 243). Cp. above, vol. ii., p. 79 ff.[1337]“Furebam ita sæva et perturbata conscientia,” etc. “Opp. lat. var.,” 1, p. 22. Vol. i., p. 388 ff.[1338]From the letter to the Augustinians, p. 411 f.=116.[1339]To Melanchthon, May 26, 1521, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 163.[1340]Khummer (1539), in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 36: “per totum triennium laboravi omnibus desperationibus.” The reading “omnibus desperantibus” is excluded by what follows: “scripserunt quidam ad me fratres ad constantiam me adhortantes.”[1341]To Link, Sep. 8, 1541, “Briefe,” 5, p. 399.[1342]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 9.[1343]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 205. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 80. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 160 f.[1344]“Acetissimum mihi acetum,” speaking of the rapacity of the despoilers of the churches and of the use of church property for purely private purposes. To Spalatin, Jan. 1, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 3. On this illness, see below, vol. vi., xxvi., 1.[1345]“Luthers Werke,” Walch ed., 21, appendix, p. 158*, from the Latin. Best rendered in the original Latin text in O. Vogt, “Briefwechsel Bugenhagens,” 1888, p. 64 ff.[1346]Cp. the account of Jonas, “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sqq., and better still, Kawerau, “Briefwechsel des Jonas,” 1, 1884-85, p. 104 ff. The account begins: “Cum mane, ut ipse fatebatur nobis, habuisset grandem tentationem spiritualem et tamen utcunque ad se rediisset.” Kawerau,ib., p. 109: “Dixit (Lutherus) hesternam tentationem spiritualem duplo fuisse maiorem, quam hanc ægritudinem ad vesperam subsecutam.”[1347]Aug. 2, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 71: “Agebar fluctibus et procellis desperationis et blasphemiae.... Deus eruit animam meam de inferno inferiori” (Ps. lxxxv. 13).[1348]Aug. 12, 1527,ib., p. 73, “Agon iste meus,” etc.[1349]Ib., p. 78.[1350]Ib., p. 84 f.[1351]To Michael Stiefel,ib., p. 104.[1352]To Justus Jonas,ib., p. 106.[1353]To Melanchthon,ib., p. 110: “cum aliud non quæram aut sitiam quam propitium Deum.”[1354]Ib., p. 111. 2 Cor. vii. 5: “Foris pugnæ, intus timores”; Luther: “pavores.”[1355]To Jonas,ib., p. 113. He, however, has a joke even here at the expense of Bugenhagen, who was then staying in his house: “Salutat te Pomeranus, hodie cacator purgandus factus.”[1356]Cp. Ps. cviii. 17: “compunctum corde mortificare.” Luther, quoting from memory, says: “contritum corde ad mortificandum.”[1357]“Novissimus omnium hominum.” Cp. Ps. liii. 3: “novissimus virorum,” of the Messias; 1 Cor. iv. 9: “novissimos ostendit,” of the Apostles.—“Quem Deus percussit, persequuntur”; cp. Ps. lxviii. 27.[1358]For the letters quoted, see “Briefwechsel,” under the dates given.[1359]To the Elector Johann of Saxony, Jan. 16, 1528, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 215 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 195).[1360]Jan. or Feb., 1527, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 15; Erl. ed., 53, p. 412 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15).[1361]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.[1362]Cp. the letter to Link of March 7, 1529,ib., 7, p. 63.[1363]Cp. vol. iii., p. 218 ff.[1364]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 19², p. 350 f., Sermon on Rom. viii. 31 (1537).[1365]To Link, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 214.[1366]“Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 52: “ut Dominus non me deserat in manu Satanæ.”[1367]Ib., p. 87.[1368]To Johann Brismann at Riga,ib., p. 139. On the extraordinary states and temptations of certain Saints which some have likened to Luther’s “temptations,” see below, vol. vi., xxxv., 5, at the end.[1369]To Link, Oct. 28, 1529,ib., p. 179 f. On the Marburg Conference, see vol. iii., p. 381 f.[1370]Ib., p. 180. Cp. Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 180.[1371]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 13; Erl. ed., 53, p. 411 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15). Cp. the article on Kling by N. Paulus, “Katholik,” 1892, 1, p. 146 ff.[1372]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 322; Erl. ed., 63, p. 259, in the Preface to the work of Justus Menius against Conrad Kling: “Etlicher gottloser Lere ... Verlegung,” etc., 1527.[1373]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 530 ff.; Erl. ed., 63, p. 271.[1374]Ib., Erl. ed., 56, p. 343 f. Cp. below, xxxiv., 4. [We give it above in Carlyle’s rendering, “Miscellanies,” “Luther’s Psalm.”][1375]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, pp. 177, 646.[1376]Cp. vol. iii., pp. 48 f., 325 f.[1377]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 30, 2, p. 41; Erl. ed., 31, p. 20. “Von heimlichẽ und gestolen Brieffen,” 1529.[1378]P. Tschackert, “Die Entstehung des Lutherliedes ‘Ein’ feste,’” etc. (“Theol. Literaturblatt,” 1905, No. 2, and before, in the “N. kirchl. Zeitschr.,” 1903, Hft. 10).[1379]Exposition of John xvii., “Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 91; Erl. ed., 50, p. 174.[1380]Ib., p. 137=213.[1381]Ib., p. 85 f.=169.[1382]Ib., p. 159 f.=233 f.[1383]Ib., p. 199=264.[1384]Ib., p. 182 ff.=252 f.[1385]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 295 ff.; Erl. ed., 50, p. 328 f.[1386]To Spalatin, April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308. See above, p. 315.[1387]To Melanchthon, May 12, 1530,ib., p. 332 f.[1388]To Jonas, May 19, 1530,ib., p. 338.[1389]To Melanchthon, May 15, 1530,ib., p. 335.[1390]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 203.[1391]“Spiritus ille, qui me colaphizavit hactenus.” Cp. 2 Cor. xii. 7: “angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet.”[1392]“Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.[1393]Oct. 31, 1530,ib., p. 301.[1394]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 87.[1395]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 374, Oct. 28-Dec. 12, 1536.[1396]Schlaginhaufen,ib.[1397]See above, vol. ii., pp. 391 ff.; vol. iv., pp. 191 ff.[1398]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 115, March 21 to June 11, 1540.[1399]To Jakob Probst, Dec. 31, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 169.[1400]To Johann Hess, Jan. 27, 1528,ib., p. 199 f.[1401]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 19, p. 609 f.; Erl. ed., 38, p. 445 f., “Vier trostliche Psalmen” (1526).[1402]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 295. In 1542-43.[1403]Ib., p. 317, Spring, 1543. His statement runs, that “no heresiarch can be converted.” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 262; cp. 23, p. 73; Erl. ed., 30, p. 22.[1404]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 5.[1405]Ib.[1406]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 683; Erl. ed., 22, p. 53. “Eyn trew Vormanung,” etc. Cp. his outbursts against the “obstinacy of the heretics,” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 37sqq.: “Temeritas Schwermeriorum pestilentissima est,” etc. P. 40, under the heading: “Quomodo sit cum fanaticis agendum.”[1407]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 52, p. 24 f. According to his sermons.[1408]Cp. below, p. 355 f.[1409]“There is only one article and rule in theology, viz. true faith or trust in Christ.... The devil has opposed this article from the beginning of the world.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 398.—“A Christian must be quite convinced that a thing is so and not otherwise ... so that he may be able to withstand every temptation and stand up to the devil and all his angels, nay, even to God Himself, without wavering.”Ib., p. 394.—“Whoever is not sure of his teaching and faith, and yet wishes to dispute, is done for.”Ib.—“Satan comes to accuse what is best; hence a man must have certainty.” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221.—“For it is absolutely necessary that consciences should reach certainty and confidence in all matters; if ever a doubt remains, then everything wobbles.” To N. Hausmann, Dec. 17, 1533, “Briefwechsel,” 9, p. 363.[1410]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 317.[1411]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 38.[1412]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406, March 21-28, 1537. Cp. above, p. 319, n. 1.[1413]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.[1414]Ib., p. 128, Sep. 10.[1415]Ib., p. 4, Jan. 5.[1416]Ib., p. 106.[1417]See below, p. 369 ff. Cp. the previous passage.[1418]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 315. The passage 2 Cor. xii. 7: “Datus est mihi stimulus carnis meæ, angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet,” is generally taken with St. Thomas to refer to temptations of the flesh.[1419]Khummer in Lauterbach’s “Tagebuch,” p. 73 f. In 1539.[1420]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 197.[1421]Ib., 58, p. 286.[1422]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 49.[1423]Ib., p. 97.[1424]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 39, Jan. to March, 1532.[1425]Ib., p. 214. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 213 f. Leonard Beyer had defended Luther’s Theses as a young Augustinian at the Heidelberg Disputation in 1518.[1426]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.[1427]To Jonas, Dec. 30, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 167.[1428]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450: “aliquis vehementior affectus.” Vol. iii., p. 174, n. 1.[1429]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 69, p. 129; above, vol. iv., p. 311.[1430]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 515.[1431]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 299. To Hier. Weller, July (?), 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 160. Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. See vol. iii., p. 175 ff.
[1196]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 307 (1542-43).
[1197]To Johann Silvius Egranus, March 24, 1518, “Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 173.
[1198]See above, p. 226 ff.
[1199]Thus as early as June 27, 1522, to Staupitz at Salzburg, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 407, with the emphatic assurance: “sed Christus, qui cœpit, conteret eum, frustra renitentibus omnibus portis inferi.”
[1200]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 117.
[1201]Ib., 59, p. 342.
[1202]Ib., 57, p. 65.
[1203]Ib., 58, p. 301.
[1204]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.
[1205]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 73, 55. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 113.
[1206]P. 200. Cp. above, p. 174.
[1207]P. 193´.
[1208]“Cochlæi Acta, etc.” (1549), p. 2: “quod etiam corporaliter visus quibusdam fuerit cum eo conversari.”
[1209]“I feel him well enough.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.
[1210]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 198.
[1211]Ib., p. 331.
[1212]To Wenceslaus Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301.
[1213]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 24, p. 51; Erl. ed., 33, p. 55.
[1214]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 51, p. 90 f. (1534).
[1215]Ib., cp. above, p. 5.
[1216]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 279.
[1217]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 235.
[1218]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 1, 1, p. 586; Erl. ed., 10², p. 355, Church-postils.
[1219]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 70.
[1220]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 55 f.
[1221]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 340. Lauterbach,ib., p. 56.
[1222]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 228. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60, under the heading “Satan flees from music”: “It was thus that David with his harp abated Saul’s temptations when the devil plagued him” (3 Kg. xvi. 23).
[1223]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 313.
[1224]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 343 f.
[1225]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 56.
[1226]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 165.
[1227]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 27.
[1228]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 3.
[1229]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 82.
[1230]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.
[1231]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, pp. 55, 73.
[1232]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 30.
[1233]Ib., p. 163.
[1234]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 88 f. Cp. “Luthers Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 101 f., n. 59.
[1235]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 121. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 12, and Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 380, from Notes of Lauterbach and Weller. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 78.
[1236]Lauterbach,ib.In the Latin “Colloquia” as well as in the German Table-Talk (ib.), in connection with “the clergy and schoolmasters” of the past, it is related, that, in their day, the head of an ox was taken from the fence and thrown into the St. John’s bonfire, whereby a great number of witches were attracted to the place. Then follows at once in both passages, in order to emphasise the advance which had been made: “But Dr. Pommer’s plan is the best,” etc., etc. See vol. iii., p. 230, n. 2.
[1237]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 218.
[1238]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 59.
[1239]Ib., 31, p. 311.
[1240]Ib., p. 316 f.
[1241]Ib., 60, p. 61.
[1242]Ib., and 59, p. 294.
[1243]See below, xxxiii., 4.
[1244]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.
[1245]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 312. Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sq., and below, p. 314, n. 3.
[1246]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 179 (1540), where Kroker remarks: “A favourite saying with Luther,” and quotes Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” pp. 130 and 295. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 215, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 124.
[1247]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 277 ff.; Erl. ed., 27, p. 86 ff.
[1248]Ib., 7, p. 262 ff.=27, p. 200 ff.
[1249]In the writing against Alveld, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 286; Erl. ed., 27, p. 87.
[1250]“Briefe,” 6, p. 321, of 1542. See above, vol. iv., p. 292.
[1251]Nov. 6, 1542, “Briefe,” 5, p. 505; cp. 6, p. 320.
[1252]Feb. 10, 1546,ib., 5, p. 789.
[1253]Feb. 7, 1546,ib., p. 787.
[1254]Feb. 1, 1546,ib., p. 784.
[1255]Above, vol. ii., p. 140 f.; also vol. iii., pp. 233 ff., 264 ff., 301; vol. iv., pp. 161 ff., 318 ff.
[1256]Feb. 6, 1546, “Briefe,” 5, p. 786.
[1257]Above, vol. iii., p. 305.
[1258]Ib., p. 268.
[1259]On certain frivolous expressions which Luther was fond of using of holy things his opponents seized as proofs that he was little better than an atheist or blasphemer. There is indeed no doubt that religious reverence suffered by his jests. Do you suppose Christ was drunk, he repeatedly asks, when He commanded this or that? The Son of Man came to save what was lost, but He set about it foolishly enough. Unless Our Lord God understands a joke, then I shouldn’t like to go to heaven. He even has a jest about the feathers of the Holy Ghost, pokes fun at the Saints, etc., etc.—On the occasion of his journey to Heidelberg, in 1518, undertaken at a grave juncture when the penalties of the Church were hanging over his head, he said jestingly, that he had no need of contrition, confession or satisfaction, the hardships of the journey being equal to “contritio perfecta,” etc. (“Briefwechsel,” 1, p. 184). The Pietists were not so far wrong when they asked in their day: “Who would wish to approve all the jests of that holy man, our dearly-beloved Luther?” (Cp. Frank, “Luther im Spiegel seiner Kirche” (“Zeitschr. f. wiss. Theol.,” 1905, p. 473.)) “Some readers may, for instance, be scandalised at the passages where Luther makes fun of Scripture texts or articles of faith, e.g. the Trinity.” Thus in the “Beil. z. M. Allg. Ztng.,” 1904, No. 26.
[1260]See vol. iii., p. 149 ff.
[1261]See vol. ii., p. 137.
[1262]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 6, p. 323; Erl. ed., 27, p. 138.
[1263]Ib., p. 391 f.=23.
[1264]March 5, 1522,ib., Erl. ed., 53, p. 106 f. (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 296).
[1265]Ib.
[1266]June 27, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 35.
[1267]To the Elector Johann Frederick, July 9, 1535, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 95 (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 169).
[1268]To Johann Rühel, etc., June 15, 1525, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 314 (“Briefwechsel,” 5, p. 195).
[1269]See vol. ii., p. 184.
[1270]Dec. 4, 1539, “Briefwechsel,” 12, p. 317.
[1271]Amsdorf to Spalatin, April 4, 1523, see Kolde, “Anal. Lutherana,” p. 443.
[1272]May 23, 1534, “Werke,” Erl. ed. 55, p. 54 f. “Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 48.
[1273]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 249.
[1274]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. For other remedies against sadness mentioned here or elsewhere see above, p. 92 f., and below, p. 323, and vol. iii., pp. 175 ff., 305 ff.; vol. iv., p. 311 f.
[1275]Bugenhagen’s account of Luther’s illness and temptations of 1527, from the Latin. Walch’s ed. of Luther’s Works, 21, p. 158*; Vogt, “Bugenhagens Briefwechsel,” 1888, p. 64 ff.
[1276]April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308.
[1277]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 310.
[1278]To Melanchthon, June 29, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.
[1279]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 55, p. 86 ff. (“Briefwechsel,” 10, p. 127). The preface is addressed to Amsdorf.
[1280]See Dietz, “Wörterbuch, etc.”
[1281]Ib., p. 89.
[1282]Ib., 26², p. 251.
[1283]Ib., p. 275.
[1284]Ib.
[1285]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 390.
[1286]Ib.
[1287]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406: “Mentionem fecit morbi sui spiritualis. Nam in 14 diebus nihil edit neque bibit neque dormivit.‘Quo tempore sæpius disputavi cum Deo,’” etc.
[1288]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.
[1289]Ib., p. 113. Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 62, p. 16.
[1290]To Justus Menius, May 1, 1542, “Briefe,” ed. De Wette, 5, p. 467.
[1291]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159, June 18, 1540: “tentari de blasphemia, de iudicio Dei, ibi nec peccatum intelligimus nec remedia novimus.” According to other passages he is here speaking from his own experience.
[1292]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.
[1293]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 57, p. 65.
[1294]Ib., p. 66.
[1295]Ib., 60, p. 82 f.
[1296]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 34, 2, p. 266; Erl. ed., 19², p. 76. Sermon at Michaelmas. In place of the devil’s “raging” (“Rasen”), as in Erl. ed., the Weim. ed. reads “nosing” (“Nasen”) [?“Nahsein”]. Rorer’s MS. reads: “Et in me sentio satanæ nisum.”
[1297]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 36, p. 476; Erl. ed., 18², p. 359, Sermon on 1 John iv. (16-21).
[1298]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 10, 3, pp. 61 f., 63 f.; Erl. ed., 28, pp. 283, 285, at the end of the eight sermons against Carlstadt.
[1299]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221sq.
[1300]Ib., 3, p. 154sq.“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 70. Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 107. Taken from Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 26, 1532.
[1301]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 59, p. 243.
[1302]Schlaginhaufen, p. 11 (Dec. 14, 1531). Cp. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 46.
[1303]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 128.
[1304]“Opp. lat. exeg.,” 18, p. 223.
[1305]See vol. iii., pp. 175 f., 178 f.
[1306]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. Cp.ib., Veit Dietrich’s statement, and vol. iii., p. 177 f.
[1307]Schlaginhaufen, p. 41, Jan.-March, 1532. Cp. Cordatus, p. 131; “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 298; “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 402.
[1308]Above, p. 7 ff.
[1309]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 301.
[1310]Ib., p. 301 f.
[1311]Ib., 20², 1, p. 161, Sermon on Gal. i. 4 f. (1538).
[1312]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 48, with the addition: “But the Law must be preached to those who are well.”
[1313]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 222.
[1314]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 122.
[1315]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” ed. Lœsche, p. 411. Cp. Khummer, in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 74.
[1316]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 363.
[1317]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, 301.
[1318]Ib.
[1319]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 21.
[1320]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 159.
[1321]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 47.
[1322]“Vitæ reformatorum,” ed. Neander, “Vita Lutheri,” c. 4, p. 5. The text was Rom. xi. 32.
[1323]Cp. above, p. 323.
[1324]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 19 ff.
[1325]Ib., p. 9. Cp. above, vol. iii., p. 177 f.
[1326]See vol. ii., p. 180 f. Cp. Melanchthon’s statement, p. 177.
[1327]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 10.
[1328]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 147 f., June 11-19, 1540. See vol. iii., p. 203 f.
[1329]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 39.
[1330]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.
[1331]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 40: “Tristitiæ spiritus est ipsa conscientia.” Cp. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, pp. 296, 298, and “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, 108.
[1332]Cp. above, p. 66 ff.
[1333]Schlaginhaufen,ib., p. 26, Jan.-March, 1532.
[1334]To Link, July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 301 f.
[1335]March 8, 1544, “Briefe,” 5, p. 635: “solari contra conscientiam, quæ est mortis sævissimum ministerium.” Cp. above, p. 67.
[1336]To the Wittenberg Augustinians, Nov. 1, 1521, in the dedication of his writing “De abroganda missa privata,” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 411 f.; “Opp. lat. var.,” 6, p. 116 (“Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 243). Cp. above, vol. ii., p. 79 ff.
[1337]“Furebam ita sæva et perturbata conscientia,” etc. “Opp. lat. var.,” 1, p. 22. Vol. i., p. 388 ff.
[1338]From the letter to the Augustinians, p. 411 f.=116.
[1339]To Melanchthon, May 26, 1521, “Briefwechsel,” 3, p. 163.
[1340]Khummer (1539), in Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 36: “per totum triennium laboravi omnibus desperationibus.” The reading “omnibus desperantibus” is excluded by what follows: “scripserunt quidam ad me fratres ad constantiam me adhortantes.”
[1341]To Link, Sep. 8, 1541, “Briefe,” 5, p. 399.
[1342]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 9.
[1343]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 205. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 80. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 160 f.
[1344]“Acetissimum mihi acetum,” speaking of the rapacity of the despoilers of the churches and of the use of church property for purely private purposes. To Spalatin, Jan. 1, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 3. On this illness, see below, vol. vi., xxvi., 1.
[1345]“Luthers Werke,” Walch ed., 21, appendix, p. 158*, from the Latin. Best rendered in the original Latin text in O. Vogt, “Briefwechsel Bugenhagens,” 1888, p. 64 ff.
[1346]Cp. the account of Jonas, “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 3, p. 160sqq., and better still, Kawerau, “Briefwechsel des Jonas,” 1, 1884-85, p. 104 ff. The account begins: “Cum mane, ut ipse fatebatur nobis, habuisset grandem tentationem spiritualem et tamen utcunque ad se rediisset.” Kawerau,ib., p. 109: “Dixit (Lutherus) hesternam tentationem spiritualem duplo fuisse maiorem, quam hanc ægritudinem ad vesperam subsecutam.”
[1347]Aug. 2, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 71: “Agebar fluctibus et procellis desperationis et blasphemiae.... Deus eruit animam meam de inferno inferiori” (Ps. lxxxv. 13).
[1348]Aug. 12, 1527,ib., p. 73, “Agon iste meus,” etc.
[1349]Ib., p. 78.
[1350]Ib., p. 84 f.
[1351]To Michael Stiefel,ib., p. 104.
[1352]To Justus Jonas,ib., p. 106.
[1353]To Melanchthon,ib., p. 110: “cum aliud non quæram aut sitiam quam propitium Deum.”
[1354]Ib., p. 111. 2 Cor. vii. 5: “Foris pugnæ, intus timores”; Luther: “pavores.”
[1355]To Jonas,ib., p. 113. He, however, has a joke even here at the expense of Bugenhagen, who was then staying in his house: “Salutat te Pomeranus, hodie cacator purgandus factus.”
[1356]Cp. Ps. cviii. 17: “compunctum corde mortificare.” Luther, quoting from memory, says: “contritum corde ad mortificandum.”
[1357]“Novissimus omnium hominum.” Cp. Ps. liii. 3: “novissimus virorum,” of the Messias; 1 Cor. iv. 9: “novissimos ostendit,” of the Apostles.—“Quem Deus percussit, persequuntur”; cp. Ps. lxviii. 27.
[1358]For the letters quoted, see “Briefwechsel,” under the dates given.
[1359]To the Elector Johann of Saxony, Jan. 16, 1528, “Werke,” Erl. ed., 53, p. 215 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 195).
[1360]Jan. or Feb., 1527, “Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 15; Erl. ed., 53, p. 412 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15).
[1361]July 14, 1528, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 300.
[1362]Cp. the letter to Link of March 7, 1529,ib., 7, p. 63.
[1363]Cp. vol. iii., p. 218 ff.
[1364]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 19², p. 350 f., Sermon on Rom. viii. 31 (1537).
[1365]To Link, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 214.
[1366]“Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 52: “ut Dominus non me deserat in manu Satanæ.”
[1367]Ib., p. 87.
[1368]To Johann Brismann at Riga,ib., p. 139. On the extraordinary states and temptations of certain Saints which some have likened to Luther’s “temptations,” see below, vol. vi., xxxv., 5, at the end.
[1369]To Link, Oct. 28, 1529,ib., p. 179 f. On the Marburg Conference, see vol. iii., p. 381 f.
[1370]Ib., p. 180. Cp. Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 180.
[1371]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 13; Erl. ed., 53, p. 411 (“Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 15). Cp. the article on Kling by N. Paulus, “Katholik,” 1892, 1, p. 146 ff.
[1372]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 23, p. 322; Erl. ed., 63, p. 259, in the Preface to the work of Justus Menius against Conrad Kling: “Etlicher gottloser Lere ... Verlegung,” etc., 1527.
[1373]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 530 ff.; Erl. ed., 63, p. 271.
[1374]Ib., Erl. ed., 56, p. 343 f. Cp. below, xxxiv., 4. [We give it above in Carlyle’s rendering, “Miscellanies,” “Luther’s Psalm.”]
[1375]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, pp. 177, 646.
[1376]Cp. vol. iii., pp. 48 f., 325 f.
[1377]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 30, 2, p. 41; Erl. ed., 31, p. 20. “Von heimlichẽ und gestolen Brieffen,” 1529.
[1378]P. Tschackert, “Die Entstehung des Lutherliedes ‘Ein’ feste,’” etc. (“Theol. Literaturblatt,” 1905, No. 2, and before, in the “N. kirchl. Zeitschr.,” 1903, Hft. 10).
[1379]Exposition of John xvii., “Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 91; Erl. ed., 50, p. 174.
[1380]Ib., p. 137=213.
[1381]Ib., p. 85 f.=169.
[1382]Ib., p. 159 f.=233 f.
[1383]Ib., p. 199=264.
[1384]Ib., p. 182 ff.=252 f.
[1385]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 28, p. 295 ff.; Erl. ed., 50, p. 328 f.
[1386]To Spalatin, April 23, 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 7, p. 308. See above, p. 315.
[1387]To Melanchthon, May 12, 1530,ib., p. 332 f.
[1388]To Jonas, May 19, 1530,ib., p. 338.
[1389]To Melanchthon, May 15, 1530,ib., p. 335.
[1390]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 203.
[1391]“Spiritus ille, qui me colaphizavit hactenus.” Cp. 2 Cor. xii. 7: “angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet.”
[1392]“Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 43.
[1393]Oct. 31, 1530,ib., p. 301.
[1394]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 87.
[1395]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 374, Oct. 28-Dec. 12, 1536.
[1396]Schlaginhaufen,ib.
[1397]See above, vol. ii., pp. 391 ff.; vol. iv., pp. 191 ff.
[1398]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 115, March 21 to June 11, 1540.
[1399]To Jakob Probst, Dec. 31, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 169.
[1400]To Johann Hess, Jan. 27, 1528,ib., p. 199 f.
[1401]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 19, p. 609 f.; Erl. ed., 38, p. 445 f., “Vier trostliche Psalmen” (1526).
[1402]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 295. In 1542-43.
[1403]Ib., p. 317, Spring, 1543. His statement runs, that “no heresiarch can be converted.” “Werke,” Weim. ed., 26, p. 262; cp. 23, p. 73; Erl. ed., 30, p. 22.
[1404]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 5.
[1405]Ib.
[1406]“Werke,” Weim. ed., 8, p. 683; Erl. ed., 22, p. 53. “Eyn trew Vormanung,” etc. Cp. his outbursts against the “obstinacy of the heretics,” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 37sqq.: “Temeritas Schwermeriorum pestilentissima est,” etc. P. 40, under the heading: “Quomodo sit cum fanaticis agendum.”
[1407]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 52, p. 24 f. According to his sermons.
[1408]Cp. below, p. 355 f.
[1409]“There is only one article and rule in theology, viz. true faith or trust in Christ.... The devil has opposed this article from the beginning of the world.” “Werke,” Erl. ed., 58, p. 398.—“A Christian must be quite convinced that a thing is so and not otherwise ... so that he may be able to withstand every temptation and stand up to the devil and all his angels, nay, even to God Himself, without wavering.”Ib., p. 394.—“Whoever is not sure of his teaching and faith, and yet wishes to dispute, is done for.”Ib.—“Satan comes to accuse what is best; hence a man must have certainty.” “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 1, p. 221.—“For it is absolutely necessary that consciences should reach certainty and confidence in all matters; if ever a doubt remains, then everything wobbles.” To N. Hausmann, Dec. 17, 1533, “Briefwechsel,” 9, p. 363.
[1410]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 317.
[1411]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 38.
[1412]Mathesius, “Tischreden,” p. 406, March 21-28, 1537. Cp. above, p. 319, n. 1.
[1413]Lauterbach, “Tagebuch,” p. 144.
[1414]Ib., p. 128, Sep. 10.
[1415]Ib., p. 4, Jan. 5.
[1416]Ib., p. 106.
[1417]See below, p. 369 ff. Cp. the previous passage.
[1418]“Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 315. The passage 2 Cor. xii. 7: “Datus est mihi stimulus carnis meæ, angelus satanæ, qui me colaphizet,” is generally taken with St. Thomas to refer to temptations of the flesh.
[1419]Khummer in Lauterbach’s “Tagebuch,” p. 73 f. In 1539.
[1420]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 61, p. 197.
[1421]Ib., 58, p. 286.
[1422]Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 49.
[1423]Ib., p. 97.
[1424]Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 39, Jan. to March, 1532.
[1425]Ib., p. 214. “Werke,” Erl. ed., 60, p. 60. Mathesius, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 213 f. Leonard Beyer had defended Luther’s Theses as a young Augustinian at the Heidelberg Disputation in 1518.
[1426]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 129.
[1427]To Jonas, Dec. 30, 1527, “Briefwechsel,” 6, p. 167.
[1428]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450: “aliquis vehementior affectus.” Vol. iii., p. 174, n. 1.
[1429]“Werke,” Erl. ed., 69, p. 129; above, vol. iv., p. 311.
[1430]Köstlin-Kawerau, 2, p. 515.
[1431]Cordatus, “Tagebuch,” p. 450. “Colloq.,” ed. Bindseil, 2, p. 299. To Hier. Weller, July (?), 1530, “Briefwechsel,” 8, p. 160. Schlaginhaufen, “Aufzeichn.,” p. 11. See vol. iii., p. 175 ff.