Abolitionists, their position in society,269;their doctrines,269,270;petition Congress against slavery,271;circulate anti-slavery literature in South,275;denounced in Democratic Convention of 1840,379;also by Harrison,381,382;their effect on sentiment before 1840,403;do not affect public men,437;their view of slavery situation correct,438.Adams, Charles Francis, presides at Buffalo Convention,427;nominated for vice-president,429.Adams, John, his foreign policy compared by Van Buren to John Q. Adams's,127-129;history of his administration used to discredit that of his son,145-147,386;inferior to Van Buren in statesmanship,464.Adams, John Quincy, supports Jefferson and Madison's foreign policy,59;in peace negotiations,63;acquires Florida for United States,88;favors Missouri Compromise,93;favors tariff of 1824,103;attitude of Van Buren towards, as candidate,107;his opinion of Van Buren,107;the natural choice of New York Republicans,109;elected president,115,116;welcomed by Van Buren upon inauguration,117;his view of factious nature of Van Buren's opposition,119;in reality creates division by his messages and policy,120,121;urges internal improvements, ignores constitutional questions,121,122;urges Panama Congress,122,124,126;later uses Van Buren's own parliamentary methods,123;his opinion of Van Buren's character,126;attack of Van Buren upon, as imitator of his father,127;realizes consolidation of opposing elements,130;his constitutional views attacked by Van Buren,132;his disposal of patronage,139;attacked by Van Buren as outdoing his father in encroachments on Constitution,146;his position as party leader in 1828,153,154;comments of Jefferson on,154;visited by Van Buren,158;compares him to Aaron Burr,158;denounces opposition as unworthy,159;his position erroneous,161;his principles, not his character, the real issue,161;slandered in 1828,163;fairly criticised for his coalition with Clay,163;connected with anti-Masonic party,167,245;defends Jackson in Monroe's cabinet,185;on causes for McLean's removal from postmastership,207;his appointees his own and Clay's followers,213;his action regarding trade with British West Indies,218,219;becomes an anti-slavery leader,273;opposes abolition in the District of Columbia,274;optimism of his message of 1827,288;on banking situation in 1837,295;considers specie circular principal cause of panic,335;urges a national bank,335,336;votes for fourth installment of surplus,338;denounces American claims on Mexico as a plot to annex Texas,360;his course on "gag" rule no more reasonable than Van Buren's,381;as president, presses American claim to fugitive slaves,381;considers Van Buren's politeness to be hypocrisy,395,396,451;on Harrison's ability,401;his death,429;comparison with Van Buren,464,465.Alamo, defense of,357,358."Albany Argus," interest of Van Buren in,191,192.Albany Regency, its membership and character,111,112;its high ability and integrity,112;its end,192 n.Allen, Peter, his contested election in 1816,64.Ambrister, Richard, executed by Jackson,186.Ames, Fisher, uses phrase "second thought of the people,"458 n.Anti-Masons, in New York election of 1828,166;rise and popularity of,167;their importance in 1832,245;unite with Whigs in New York,245;nominate an electoral ticket,245,246.Arbuthnot, execution of,186.Armstrong, General John, replaced as United States senator by De Witt Clinton,51.Auckland, Lord, his remark to Van Buren,228.Bancroft, George, secretary of navy,362;at Democratic Convention of 1844,408.Bank of United States, incorporation condemned as unconstitutional by Van Buren,145;attack upon, begun by Jackson,203;removal of deposits,249-251;not likely to have prevented crisis of 1837,296,297;demanded by Whigs,334,335;slow to resume specie payments,348,349;its transactions with Pennsylvania,370;suspends payments in 1839,371;collapses again in 1841,393;bill to re-charter, vetoed by Tyler,402.Barbour, Philip P., declares Cumberland road bill does not involve question of internal improvements,95;candidate for vice-presidency in 1831,237,239;at Whig convention of 1839,378.Barnburners, origin of,415;their leaders,415;attempts of Polk to placate,415,416;at first, control Democratic party in New York,416,417;support Wilmot Proviso,417;alienated from Polk,417;defeated by Hunkers,418;secede in 1847,419;announce intention to support no candidate not in favor of Wilmot Proviso,419;cause defeat of Hunkers in election of 1847,422;hold convention at Utica in 1847,423,424;issue address,424;at national convention,424;their Utica convention of 1848,425;nominate Van Buren for president,427;join Free Soil party at Buffalo convention,427;nominate Dix for governor,429;rejoin Democratic party,435.Barry, William T., succeeds McLean as postmaster-general,179;helps Blair to establish a Jacksonian paper,191;minister to Spain,199.Barton, David, votes for Panama Congress,131.Beardsley, Samuel, attorney-general of New York,23.Beecher, Henry Ward, anti-slavery leader,273.Bell, John, defeated for speakership of House,337.Bennett, James Gordon, asks aid from Van Buren in return for newspaper support,192;upon refusal, becomes Van Buren's enemy,193.Benton, Thomas H., on Van Buren's classification act,62;describes Van Buren's friendship with King,72;enters Senate, his friendship with Van Buren,94;votes against internal improvements,95;votes for tariff of 1824,99;on Van Buren's advocacy of tariff,102;supports Van Buren's proposed amendment to electoral articles in Constitution,106;on topographical surveys,117;votes for Cumberland road,117;votes for occupation of Oregon,117;not always in harmony with Van Buren,131;his report on reduction of executive patronage,137-139;urges abolition of salt duty,140;opposes a naval academy,140;again votes for Cumberland road,142;votes for tariff of 1828,142;praises Giles,154;considers Hayne mouthpiece of Calhoun,188;describes plan of Calhoun's friends to cry down Van Buren,191;condemns system of removals,211;denies large numbers of removals,211;defends Jackson,212;after Van Buren's rejection as minister, predicts his election as vice-president,234;describes Van Buren's reception of Clay's "distress" appeal,253;on White's presidential ambition,257;moves expunging resolutions,264;votes against bill to exclude anti-slavery matter from mail, in order to defy slaveholders,276;describes scheme to force Van Buren to vote on bill to prohibit anti-slavery matter in the mails,277;on Van Buren's motives for supporting it,277;predicts to Van Buren a financial panic,286;says Van Buren's friends urged Jackson to approve distribution of surplus,302;his advice in speakership contest of 1839,376;accuses Whigs of fraud in 1840,391;declares for Van Buren's renomination in 1844,399;votes against Texas treaty,413;considers Wilmot Proviso unnecessary,418;praised by Utica convention of 1847,424;considers South to be merely blustering,437;his friendship for Van Buren,455.Berrien, John M., attorney-general,179;made to resign,199.Biddle, Nicholas, not so important to country as his friends assumed,254;not the man to have prevented panic of 1837,296,298;calls on Van Buren,319.Bidwell, Marshall S., leader of popular party in Upper Canada,352.Birney, James G., vote for, in New York,413;defeats Clay,413.Blair, Francis P., his character, establishes "Globe,"191;enters kitchen cabinet,193;opposes nullification and the bank,193;refusal of Van Buren to aid,194;in connection with Kendall suggests removal of deposits,251,252;supports hard money and loses House printing,338.Bouligny, Dominique, votes for Panama congress,131.Branch, John, secretary of navy,179;forced out of cabinet,199.British West Indies, negotiations over trade rights in,217-222.Bronson, Greene C., attorney-general of New York,23.Brougham, Lord, attacks Durham,356.Bryant, William Cullen, denounces Loco-focos,344;issues circular opposing Texas, but supporting Polk,415.Buchanan, James, supported by Van Buren in 1856,3,441;declines offer of attorney-generalship,393;letter of Letcher to, on Polk's nomination,412;supports compromise of 1850,437;letter of Van Buren favoring,442-444;praised mildly by Van Buren,444;condemned by Van Buren for accepting Dred Scott decision,446;his policy in 1861, condemned by Van Buren,447;inferior to Van Buren in ability,463.Bucktails, faction of New York Democracy,67;originate in personal feuds,67;proscribed by Clintonians,67;support Rufus King for senator against Clintonians,69;joined by a few Federalists,73;gain election of 1820,73;in Congress, vote against a Clintonian speaker,76;elect Van Buren to Senate,76;try to destroy Clinton's power by removing from office of canal commissioner,109;oppose bill for election of electors by people,111;secure its defeat in legislature,113;punished by defeat in election of 1824,113;oppose Clinton for reëlection in 1826,147,148.(See Democratic party of New York.)Burr, Aaron, his standing in 1802,17;acquaintance with Van Buren,17,18;used as a bugbear in American politics,18;attorney-general of New York,23;in Medcef Eden case,29;calls Van Buren to aid before court of errors,29;intrigues with Federalists in election of 1801,38;his standing in Republican party in 1803,42,43;endeavors to gain governorship with Federalist aid,43;defeated, his political career closed,44;his friends turned out of office,51;compared by Adams to Van Buren,158.Butler, Benjamin F., contrasts Van Buren and Williams as lawyers,20;enters partnership with Van Buren, his character,24;high opinion of Van Buren's legal ability,31;on Van Buren's attitude toward Madison,59;describes arrogance of Judge Spencer,84;on Van Buren's attitude toward tariff,102;member of Albany Regency,111,112;succeeds Taney as attorney-general,255;continues in office under Van Buren,283;resigns,393;visits Jackson in Van Buren's interest,407;protests against adoption of two-thirds rule by convention of 1844,408,409;reads letter from Van Buren authorizing withdrawal of his name,411;leads Barnburners,415;declines Polk's offer of War Department,416;at Utica convention of 1848,425;reports resolutions at Buffalo convention,427;his friendship for Van Buren,455.Butler, William Allen, on Van Buren's serenity,451;on his father's affection for Van Buren,455.Calhoun, John C., secretary of war,94;vice-president,131;inferior to Van Buren as party leader,150;his attitude in campaign of 1828,153;dislike of Crawford for,157;represented by Ingham, Branch, and Berrien in Jackson's cabinet,179;his rivalry with Van Buren begins,179;his public career and character,180;reasons for his defeat by Van Buren,180;tries to prevent Van Buren's appointment to State Department,180;connection with Eaton affair,182,184;wishes to succeed Jackson in 1832,184;dislike of Jackson for,185;his condemnation of Jackson in Monroe's cabinet,185;betrayed by Crawford,185,186;answers Jackson's demand for an explanation,186;his toast in reply to Jackson's Union sentiment,188;declaration of Jackson against him as successor,190;publishes Seminole correspondence,191;attacked by "Globe,"191;defeats Van Buren's nomination by casting vote,233,234;his secession weakens Jacksonian party,245;describes Democratic party as held together only by desire for spoils,261;anxious to make Van Buren vote on bill to exclude anti-slavery matter from mail,277;rejoins Democratic party,340;his reasons,340,341;altercation with Clay in Senate,346;votes against sub-treasury bill,346;does not bring his followers back to support of Van Buren,387;his opinion of Van Buren quoted by Clay,396;in Texas intrigue,408;compared by Young to Nero,410;his slavery doctrines expounded by Supreme Court,441.Cambreleng, Churchill C., with Van Buren visits Southern States,157;presides over Barnburner Herkimer convention,419;Van Buren's criticism of,452.Cameron, Simon, at Democratic convention of 1840,379.Canada, government of,350;popular discontent and parliamentary struggles in,351;insurrections in, during 1837,352;governorship of Head,352,353;suppression of insurrections in,353;attempts of Mackenzie to invade,353,354;the Caroline affair,354;attempts of Van Buren to prevent filibustering in,355;pacified by Lord Durham,355,356;becomes loyal,356.Cass, Lewis, secretary of war,199;minister to France,283;his "Nicholson letter,"422;considered a doughface,423;nominated for presidency,424;refusal of Van Buren to support, on account of his pro-slavery position,426;defeated in 1848,431;accepts compromise of 1850,437.Chambers, Henry, votes for Panama congress,131.Chandler, John, votes against Panama congress,131.Charles X., urged by Jackson to secure payment of American claims,216.Chase, Salmon P., at Buffalo convention,427.Cherokee Indians, removed from Georgia,203.Chevalier, Michel, compares Van Buren to Talleyrand,451.Civil service of United States, Democratic dread of executive power over,137,138;proposal to reorganize,138-140.Clay, Henry, his connection with Burr,18;contrasted with Van Buren in debate,21;connection with Missouri Compromise,90;absent from Congress in 1821,94;calls protection the "American system,"99;loses chance for presidency through action of New York,115;his action in election of Adams justified,116;shares with Adams the responsibility of creating division in 1825,122;vote in Senate on confirmation of his nomination,123;urges Panama congress,124,125;his opposition to Monroe,159;his policy inevitably brings on opposition,160;opposes Van Buren's confirmation as minister to England,230;denounces Van Buren for sycophancy,231;nominated for presidency by Whigs,246;by Young Men's convention,246;defeated in 1832,248;appeals to Van Buren to intercede with Jackson in behalf of the bank,253;his attack on Jackson's land bill veto,263;condemns abolitionists,269;condemns bill to exclude anti-slavery matter from mails,276;opposes reduction of taxation,299;on real nature of deposit of surplus,300;denounces Van Buren's policy in 1837,337;demands a national bank,337;insists on payment of fourth installment of surplus,338;votes against treasury notes,339;taunts Calhoun with joining Van Buren,346;opposes preëmption bill,357;misled by popular demonstrations,369;cheated out of nomination in 1839,378;on campaign of 1840,382;holds Van Buren responsible for panic,385;on Van Buren's personal agreeableness,396,397;visited by Van Buren,400;discusses Texas question with him,400;his position on slavery,403;defeated in 1844 by Polk, owing to Birney's candidacy,412,413;writes letter against Texas annexation,413;later bids for pro-slavery vote,413;discarded for Taylor in 1848,430;brings about compromise of 1850,435,437;inferior to Van Buren in real leadership,465.Clayton, John M., votes for Panama congress,131.Clinton, De Witt, in New York council of appointment of 1801,48;introduces and advocates "spoils system,"49,50;becomes United States senator,51;duel with Swartwout,51;justification of his party proscription,56;supported by Van Buren in 1812,58;