opposes making county officers elective,82;controversy with Van Buren over act to promote privateering,83;comment of Van Buren on,84;his political narrowness,246;nominated on Anti-Mason electoral ticket,246.Kent, James, elected governor of Maine in 1840,390.King, John A., joins Bucktail Republicans,73.King, Preston, at Utica convention,425.King, Rufus, leader of New York Federalists,39;reëlected to U. S. Senate by Van Buren's aid,68,69;Van Buren's eulogy of,69-72;his friendly relations with Van Buren,72;opposes admission of Missouri as slave State,73,74;in New York constitutional convention,77;opposes making county officers elective,82;votes to prevent slave trade in Florida,93;opposes tariff of 1824,99;his constitutional argument,100;denounces caucus nominations,105;opposes abolition of imprisonment for debt,116;on account of advancing years, declines to be candidate for reëlection,117.Kitchen cabinet, its character and membership,193;its great ability,193;does not control Jackson,193.Knower, Benjamin, member of Albany Regency,111.Kremer, George, opens Democratic convention of 1835,258.Lafayette, Marquis de, compliment of Jackson to,216.Lands, public, enormous sales of,294;significance of speculation in, not understood by Jackson,294;the source of fictitious wealth,308-312;specie circular causes depreciation in,312,313;preëmption scheme adopted,357.Lansing, Gerrit Y., chancellor of New York, reverses Kent's decision in debt case,26;continues as judge to be a politician,44.Lawrence, Abbot, denounces administration for causing panic of 1837,321,322.Leavitt, Joshua, reports name of Van Buren to Buffalo convention,428.Legal profession, its early eminence in United States,19,32,33,35;shares in politics,44.Leggett, William, proclaims right of discussion and condemns slavery,271;condemns circulation of abolition literature in the South,275.Letcher, Robert P., disgusted at nomination of Polk,412.Lewis, Morgan, Republican leader in New York,42;defeats Burr for governor,44;leads Republican faction opposed to Clinton,44;asks aid from Federalists to secure reëlection,44,45.Lewis, William B., tells Jackson of Forsyth's letter on the Seminole affair,186;asks Jackson to designate his choice for successor,189;in kitchen cabinet,193;not certain of Jackson's favor,207;suggests a national convention to nominate a vice-president,237.Liberty party, its vote in 1844 in the State of New York, defeats Clay,412,413;nominates Hale in 1847,431.Lincoln, Abraham, contrast with Van Buren in 1860,3;his responsibility for spoils system,215;attitude on slavery in the States,272;elected president on Wilmot Proviso,416;opposed by Van Buren in 1860,445;supported by Van Buren during war,447.Livingston, Brockholst, his judicial career,41;both judge and politician,44.Livingston, Edward, his career as Republican,41;appointed mayor of New York,49;favors Jackson for presidency,156;asked by Van Buren to succeed him as secretary of state,194;appointed by Jackson,199;drafts nullification proclamation,248,249.Livingston, Edward P., defeated by Van Buren for state senator,53.Livingston, Maturin, removed from office by Clintonians,51.Livingston, Robert R., defeated for governor of New York by Jay,41;his Revolutionary, legal, and diplomatic career,41;jealous of Hamilton,42;both judge and party leader,44.Livingston family, gains influence through landed wealth,33;its political leadership in New York,41,42;attacked by Burrites,43;quarrels with Clintonians,51.(See New York.)Livingstonians, faction of New York Democrats,41,42;quarrel with Clintonians,44;expel Clintonians from municipal offices,52.Loco-foco party, faction of Democrats,342;origin of name,343;their creed,343;denounced as anarchists,344;give New York city to Whigs,344;reunite with Democrats in 1837, upon a moderate declaration of equal rights,344.Louis Philippe, urged by Jackson to pay American claims,216;character of his court,227.Lovejoy, Elijah P., anti-slavery leader,273;his murder not of political interest,359.Lundy's Lane, battle of,62.McJilton, Rev. ——, at Democratic Convention of 1844,408.McKean, Samuel, complains to Kendall of political activity of postmasters,261.McLane, Louis, secretary of treasury,199;Van Buren's instructions to him when minister to England,219-221;his successful negotiations regarding West India trade,222;wishes to return,223;mentioned as candidate for vice-presidency,238;wishes removal of deposits postponed,250;disapproving of removal of deposits, resigns State Department,255.McLean, John T., appointed to Supreme Court,179;refuses to proscribe postmasters,207;wishes Anti-Masonic nomination for presidency,245.Mackenzie, William L., quoted by Von Holst,326 n.;his character,326;leads an insurrection in Upper Canada,353;flies to Buffalo and plans a raid,353;indicted and convicted,356;on Van Buren's refusal to pardon him, becomes a bitter enemy,356.Madison, James, member of land-owning class,33;his foreign policy attacked by Federalists,39;voted against by Van Buren in 1812,58;his incapacity as war leader,59;criticised by Van Buren for sanctioning Bank of United States,146;compared to Van Buren in regard to ability,464.Maine, threatens war over disputed boundary,367;angered at Van Buren's peaceful measures,367.Manley, Dr., refusal of Van Buren to remove from office,174.Manning, Daniel, member of Albany Regency,112,192 n.Marcy, William L., aids Van Buren, in behalf of King's election to Senate,69;member of Albany Regency,111,112;appointed a judge by Van Buren,174;defends spoils system, his famous phrase,232;warns against over-speculation in 1836,302,303;calls out New York militia to prevent raids into Canada,335;leads Hunkers,415,417;supports compromise of 1850,437.Marshall, John, on Jefferson's political principles,6;his legal fame,19.Massachusetts, supports Webster for president in 1836,260.Meigs, Henry, urged by Van Buren to remove postmasters,75.Mexico, its war with Texas,357;neutrality toward, declared by Van Buren,358;claims against, pressed by Van Buren,359,360.Missouri, legislature of, compliments Van Buren,399.Missouri question, in New York,73,74;its slight effect on national complacency,90,91.Monroe, James, member of land-owning class,33;reëlected president,72;voted for by Van Buren in 1820,75;his message of 1820,88;his character,89;his tour in New England,89;views on party government,89,90;vetoes internal improvement bill,95,96,121;discussion in his cabinet over Jackson's action in Seminole matter,185;complimentary dinner to, in 1829,186;inferior as president to Van Buren,463.Monroe doctrine, its relation to Panama congress,124.Moore, Gabriel, remark of Benton to, on Van Buren,234.Morgan, William, his Masonic revelations and abduction,167.Morton, Marcus, elected governor of Massachusetts by one vote,370;leads Northern Democrats at convention of 1844,408;opposes two-thirds rule,409.Napoleon III., explains to Van Buren his reasons for returning to Europe,362.National Republicans, attacked by Van Buren,145,146;organized in defense of Adams,153,154;significance of their defeat,162;defeated in New York election,166.(See Whigs.)Nelson, Samuel, in New York constitutional convention,77.New England, popularity of Van Buren in,280.New Orleans, battle of, its effect,63.New York, social conditions in,14,15;litigiousness in,19;bar of,20,23;Senate of, sits with Supreme judges as court of errors,23;imprisonment for debt in,25;Medcef Eden case in,28,29;politics in, after 1800,38,39(see Republican (Democratic) party);council of appointment in,45,46;spoils system in,46-57;casts electoral votes for Clinton in 1812,58,59;war measures in,61,62;thanks Jackson in 1814,63;popularity of Clinton in,66;instructs senators and representatives to oppose admission of slave States,74;constitutional convention in,77-87;refuses suffrage to negroes,81;popular animosity in, against judges,84;approves their removal from office,86;struggle for vote of, in election of 1824,109-115;its vote secured by Adams and Clay,115;instructs Van Buren to vote for protection,144;reëlects Van Buren senator,147;prominence of Van Buren,166;election of 1828,166,167;its presidential vote,167,168;career of Van Buren as governor of,168-176;bread riots in 1837,314,315;carried by Whigs,342;sympathy in, for Canadian insurrection,353,363,369;visits of Van Buren to,367-369,398;carried by Polk in consequence of Birney's vote,412,413;supports Wilmot Proviso,417,418;carried by Whigs because of Barnburners' bolt,422,431;election of 1860 in,445.Newspapers, their early importance in politics,191,192.Niles, John M., of Connecticut, succeeds Kendall in post office in 1838,394.Niles's Register, on Democratic convention of 1835,259.Noah, Mordecai M., opposes election of Jackson in 1832,247.North, its attitude toward slavery in 1820,91;economically superior to South,91;disclaims responsibility for slavery in South,92;but opposes its extension to new territory,92;yet acquiesces in compromise,93;favors tariff of 1828,143;elects Van Buren in 1836,280;its attitude toward South after 1840,437.Nullification, stated by Hayne in his reply to Webster,188;denounced by Jackson,198,199,248,249.Oakley, Thomas J., attorney-general of New York,23;supplants Van Buren,24.Ogden, David B., opposes Burr and Van Buren in Eden case,30.Olcott, Thomas W., member of Albany Regency,111.Osceola, leads Seminole insurrection,366;his capture and death,366.Otis, Harrison Gray, votes to prevent slave trade in Florida,93.Overton, Judge John, letter of Jackson to,189.Palmerston, Lord, compared as parliamentarian to Van Buren,123,149.Panama congress, suggested by Adams,122;and by Clay,124;its purposes as stated by Adams,124-126;contrary to settled policy of country,125;opposed by Van Buren in Senate,126-129;affected by slavery question,127;advocated by Webster,130;fails to produce any results,130;vote upon, creates a new party,131.Papineau, Louis Joseph, heads insurrection in Lower Canada,352.Parish, Henry, on New York committee to remonstrate against specie circular,317.Parton, James, quoted,183,237.Paulding, James K., succeeds Dickerson as secretary of navy,360;a Republican literary partisan,360;his appointment resented by politicians,362;visits South with Van Buren,400.People's party, in New York, rivals of Bucktails,109;favors Adams for presidency,110;votes to remove Clinton from office,110;demands choice of electors by people,111,112.Phillips, Wendell, anti-slavery leader,273.Pierce, Franklin, gets electoral vote of New England, but not the popular vote,280,281;opposes Texas annexation,424;Democratic candidate in 1852,439;supported by Van Buren,439;offers Van Buren position of arbitrator,440;one of mediocrities of White House,463.Plattsburg, battle of,62.Poinsett, Joel R., secretary of war under Van Buren,283;denounced by Webster for recommending federal organization of militia,383.Polk, James K., elected speaker of House,337;nominated for president,410,411;his career, significance of his choice,412;his election causes a schism in Democratic party,415,416;tries to placate Barnburners,415,416;gives federal patronage to Hunkers,417;attitude of Van Buren toward,420,421;one of mediocrities of White House,463.Powell. See Osceola.Preston, William C., offers resolution to annex Texas,359;attacks Van Buren in campaign of 1840,385.Prussia, treaty with,127,128.Randolph, John, his career in Senate,131,148.Republican (Democratic) party, its ideals as framed by Jefferson,6,7;gains majority of American people,8,9;dominant in New York,40;factions and leaders of,40-43;defeats Burr in 1804,44;controlled by Clintonians,45;its share in establishing spoils system,47-53;New York members of, oppose war in 1812,58,59;but later support Madison,60;recovers control of New York government, its war measures,61,62;in favor at end of war,63;makes Jackson its military hero,63;commits sharp practice in "Peter Allen" case,64,65;gains control of legislature in 1816,65;obliged to permit election of Clinton as governor,66;divides into factions of Bucktails and Clintonians,67,69;receives accessions from Federalists,72,73;opposes admission of Missouri as a slave State,74;in congressional caucus of 1816 nominates Monroe,74,75;comprises all of country in 1820-1824,90;personal rivalries in,90,94,95;Crawford the regular candidate of,106,107.Republican party of 1856, founded on Wilmot Proviso,416;abandons it in 1861,438;nominates Fremont in 1856,441,442;attitude of Van Buren toward,441,442,445;distrusted as dangerous,445;in election of 1860,445.Rhett, Barnwell, moves election of Adams in 1839 as temporary chairman of House,376.Richmond, Dean, member of Albany Regency,112.Riggs, Elisha, on New York committee to remonstrate against specie circular,317.Ringgold, Samuel, refers to Monroe as only one favorable to Jackson in Seminole matter,185.Rives, William C., instructions of Van Buren to,217;defeated for vice-presidential nomination,259;later leaves party,260;opposes independenttreasury,347;denounces Van Buren in election of 1840, as covertly planning usurpation,384,385.Rochester, William B., supported by Van Buren for governor against Clinton,147.Rogers, Samuel, in London society in 1832,227.Root, General Erastus, leads radical party in constitutional convention,87.Roseboom, ——, in council of appointment of 1801,49.Rowan, John, supports tariff of 1828,143.Rush, Richard, his wide views of functions of government,160.Russell, Sir John, interferes with Canadian taxation,351.Sanford, Nathan, succeeded in United States Senate by Van Buren,76;in New York constitutional convention,77;bound by instructions of New York legislature,143.Santa Anna, captured at San Jacinto,358.Schurz, Carl, his career in Senate compared with Van Buren's,118.Schuyler family, member of landed aristocracy,33.Scott, Sir Walter, in London society in 1832,227.Scott, General Winfield, sent by Van Buren to prevent troubles on Canadian frontier,355;Whig candidate for president in 1852,439.Seminole war, Jackson's connection with,185,186;its cause and progress,365,366;policy of removal of Seminoles justified,366,367.Senate of United States, membership of, in 1821,94;debates internal improvements,95-98;debates tariff of 1824,99-103;debates on internal improvements and on Oregon,117;confirms Clay's appointment by Adams,123;debates Panama congress,126-131;position of Van Buren in,131;debates internal improvements,132,133;and change in mode of election of president,133;debates bills to regulate executive patronage,137-140;on bankruptcy bill,141;its character during 1821-1828,148;more truly a parliamentary body then than later,149;debate in, on nomination of Van Buren as minister to England,230-233;rejects it,233,234;debates bill to exclude anti-slavery matter from mails,276-278;