The Project Gutenberg eBook ofMexicoThis ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online atwww.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.Title: MexicoAuthor: Susan HaleRelease date: June 18, 2012 [eBook #40032]Most recently updated: October 23, 2024Language: EnglishCredits: E-text prepared by Steven Gibbs, Josephine Paolucci, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICO ***
This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this ebook or online atwww.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this eBook.
Title: MexicoAuthor: Susan HaleRelease date: June 18, 2012 [eBook #40032]Most recently updated: October 23, 2024Language: EnglishCredits: E-text prepared by Steven Gibbs, Josephine Paolucci, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
Title: Mexico
Author: Susan Hale
Author: Susan Hale
Release date: June 18, 2012 [eBook #40032]Most recently updated: October 23, 2024
Language: English
Credits: E-text prepared by Steven Gibbs, Josephine Paolucci, and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEXICO ***
The Project Gutenberg eBook, Mexico, by Susan Hale
E-text prepared by Steven Gibbs, Josephine Paolucci,and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team(http://www.pgdp.net)
1.ROME.Arthur Gilman, M.A.2.THE JEWS.Prof.J. K. Hosmer.3.GERMANY.Rev.S. Baring-Gould, M.A.4.CARTHAGE.Prof.A. J. Church.5.ALEXANDER'S EMPIRE.ProfJ. P. Mahaffy.6.THE MOORS IN SPAIN.Stanley Lane-Poole.7.ANCIENT EGYPT.CanonRawlinson.8.HUNGARY.Prof.A. Vambéry.9.THE SARACENS.A. Gilman, M.A.10.IRELAND.Hon.Emily Lawless.11.CHALDÆA.Z. A. Ragozin.12.THE GOTHS.Henry Bradley.13.ASSYRIA.Z. A. Ragozin.14.TURKEY.Stanley Lane-Poole.15.HOLLAND.Prof.J. E. Thorold Rogers.16.MEDIÆVAL FRANCE.Prof.Gustave Masson.17.PERSIA.S. G. W. Benjamin.18.PHŒNICIA.CanonRawlinson.19.MEDIA.Z. A. Ragozin.20.THE HANSA TOWNS.Helen Zimmern.21.EARLY BRITAIN.Prof.A. J. Church.22.THE BARBARY CORSAIRS.Stanley Lane-Poole.23.RUSSIA.W. R. Morfill, M.A.24.THE JEWS UNDER ROMAN RULE.W. D. Morrison.25.SCOTLAND.John Mackintosh, LL.D.26.SWITZERLAND.Mrs.Lina HugandRichard Stead.27.MEXICO.Susan Hale.
THE CONVENT OF CAPUCHINAS. (LAST PRISON OF MAXIMILIAN.)
LondonT. FISHER UNWINPATERNOSTER SQUARENEW YORK: G. P. PUTNAM'S SONSMDCCCXCIEntered at Stationers' HallBy T. FISHER UNWINCopyright by G. P. Putnam's Sons(For the United States of America).
PAGE
The Subject1-11
View from a steamer,1—Seen by Fernando Cortés,2; his ambition,3—Inhospitable coast,3—Vera Cruz,4—Departure,4—Climate we leave,5—Climate we are seeking,5—Three climates of Mexico,6—Anahuac,6;Tierra templada,7—Scenery of the plateau,7—Its early inhabitants,8—Destroyed by Cortés,8—Traditions of Anahuac,9—Teocallischanged to cathedrals,9—TheConquistadores,10—Spanish rulers,10—Two emperors,10—Mexico a republic,11; its past and future,11.
Shadowy Tribes12-23
Meaning of Anahuac,12—Tula, formerly Tollan,13—The Toltecs,13—Cholula: its legends,14,15,16,17,18,19,20—Mound builders,21—Legends of the Nahuas,21—Huehue-Tlapallan,22—Atlantis,22—Noah of the Mexican tribes,22—Universal fable of the deluge,23.
Traditions of the Toltecs24-37
Their wanderings,24; ruins of their capital,26; their resources, 26; language,27; early faith,27—Cuernavaca,28—Toluca,28—Power of their ruler,29—Quetzalcoatl, The Shining Snake,29; legends of his career,30; possible facts,32; mystery of his departure,32; image in the museum,33; his attributes,33—Evil days of the Toltecs,34—The Agave Americana,34; its properties,35—Maguey,35—Xochitl,36; her beverage,36—Deterioration of theToltecs,37; dates of their wanderings,37.
Chichimecs38-44
A new dynasty,38—The Chichimecs,39; occupations and customs,39—The mark of a warrior,39—The Serpent of the Clouds,40—The invasion of Xolotl,40—Fall of Tollan,41—Territory of Xolotl,41—New waves of emigration,42—Wise rulers,42—Texcuco,42—The Aztecs,43—War with Atzcapotzalco,44—Kingdom of Texcuco,44.
Nezahualcoyotl45-52
The young prince,45; in captivity,45; a faithful friend,46—Tlaxcaza,46—The plateau to-day,46—The Malinche,46—The Land of Bread,47—A wise tutor,47—Maxtla,48—The homage of Nezahualcoyotl,48—Maxtla's plot,48—Open enmity,49—Nezahualcoyotl's escape,49; his hiding,50—Tyranny of Maxtla,50—The true prince triumphant,51—Maxtla defeated and killed,51—The kingdom of Texcuco Acolhuacan,52.
Texcuco53-61
The Golden Age,53—The government,53—Council of Music,53—Texcucan literature,54—Lost treasures,54—A royal poet,55—The Laughing Hill,56—Artificial lakes,56—Ruins of Tezcotzinco,56—Baths of Montezuma,57—A blot on Nezahualcoyotl's fame,57; a Mexican Haroun al Raschid,58; his religion,59—From anarchy to civilization,59—Nezahualpilli,59—Decline of Texcuco,60—A Texcucan historian,60—Legend or fact?61.
Michoacan62-69
The Land of Fish,62—Lonely lakes,62—Patzcuaro,63—The Place of Delights,64—The first settlers,64—Iré Titatacamé,65—A dusky princess,65—Tixiacurí, the first king of Michoacan,66—The kingdom divided,66—Tzintzuntzan,67—The glorious reign of Zovanga,67—A city ofbirds,67—Fruitless excavations,68—The Tarascans,68.
Mayas70-82
The first wave of migration,70—Traces of Mayas in Yucatan,70—A great empire,71—Nachan, the town of serpents,72; its ruins discovered,72—Palace at Palenque,72—Lofty chambers and strange bas-reliefs,73—The Temple of the Cross,74—An emblem of Christian faith,75—Meaning of the tablets,75—Chichen-Itza,76—A religious centre,77—Paintings and bas-reliefs,78—Chaak Mool, the tiger-chief,78—The beautiful Kinich,78—Tomb of Chaak Mool,78—Paved roads of Yucatan,79—Votan and Zamna,80—Mayan legends,80—Weapons and armor,81—War with the Toltecs,82.
Aztecs83-95
Best known of the Anahuac tribes,83—Aztlan,83—The migration,84—Six centuries of wanderings,84—The name Mexican,84,—Their adopted home,84—Chapultepec,86—Driven to the islands,87—A wretched life,87—Valor of the slaves,87—An abiding city,87—Tenochtitlan, or Mexico,88—Advances in civilization,88—Results of modern research,89—A king chosen,90—Early years of the kingdom,91—The Princess of Cloth,92—Canoas,92—Chimalpopoca,94—The usurpation,94—Maxtla,95.
Mexicans96-110
Itzcoatl,96—Alliance with Texcuco,96—War with Maxtla,96—Victory of the allies,97—Fall of the Tepanec monarchy,97—"The Valley Confederates,"98—Reign of Motecuhzoma,98—Height of the Mexican power,98—Conquest of the Chalcas,99—Inundation and famine,99—Raid upon neighboring provinces,100—Laws of Motecuhzoma, 100; his successor,101—Tizoc,101—The Drinking-cup of the Eagle,101—Human sacrifice,102—Temple built by Tizoc,105—Dikes,105—A despot,106—Extent of the kingdom,106—Religious fanaticism,108—Doubtfulrecords,109.
Aztec Character111-123
Unreliable testimony,111—Hieroglyphics,111—Paintings,112—"Wanderings of the Aztecs,"112—Religion,114—A future life,114—Funeral customs,114—Domestic life,115—Laws,115—Music,115—The Aztec calendar,115—Divisions of time,116—Names of days, etc.,117—Opinions of antiquarians,117—The cycle,118—Unlucky days,118—Agriculture,119—Irrigation,119—A gentle race,120—The Priestesses,121—Coatlicue, the goddess of the earth,122—Source of Aztec greatness,122—A fatal policy,123.
The Last of the Montezumas124-134
Motecuhzoma Xocoyotzin,124; his character,124—A coronation festival,125—Royal robes,125—The life of an Aztec king,126; his capital,126—Diaz's description,127—A life of pleasure,128—State correspondence,128—Chapultepec,129—Montezuma's cypress,129—Clouds on the horizon,130—Sinister predictions,130—The coming of the white men,131—An unhappy monarch,131—Landing of the strangers,132—Velasquez de Léon,132; his expedition to Yucatan,133—Grijalva visits Mexico,133—Montezuma's embassy,133.
Cortés135-144
Birth,135; enters the army,135; visits Cuba,135—An attractive portrait,135—Defects of character,136—Velasquez and Grijalva's expedition,136—A love story,137—Cortés receives a commission,137; his companions,137—Jealousy of Velasquez,137—The squadron,138—Jérome d' Aguilar,138—First conflict with the Aztecs,139—Palm Sunday,139—A happy people,140—Rumors of danger,140—Presents to the strangers,141—Cortés as Quetzalcoatl,141—Easter,141—A perplexed council,142—Mistaken policy,142—Vera Cruz,142—Cortés visits Cempoallan,143—Tlaxcalla,143—The ships destroyed,144.
Malintzi145-150
Her birthplace,145—The little duchess is made a slave,145—Life in Tabasco,146—Arrival of Cortés,146—Treaty of alliance,146—The heiress-slave becomes a Christian,146—Marina or Malinche,146—A new interpreter,147—A beautiful picture,147—Splendid gifts,148—Malintzi's beauty,149; her devotion to Cortés,149; its result,149.
Tlaxcalla151-157
An isolated province,151—Exaggerated reports,151—Efforts for the friendship of the Tlaxcallans,152—A trap for the Spaniards,152—A battle,152—Defeat of the Tlaxcallans,153—Peace concluded,153—Christianity introduced,153—Cholula,154—Slaughter of the Cholultecas,154—Alliance with Ixtlilxochitl,154—Cacamatzin imprisoned,155—Cortés reaches Mexico,156—Cortés and Montezuma,157—A lesson and a vow,157.
La Noche Triste158-165
Overtures of friendship,158—Bold measures,159—Montezuma in the power of the Spaniards,159—A rival in the field,159—Alvarado,160—The feast of Huitzilopochtli,160—The Spaniards in danger,160—Death of Montezuma,161—Mexican traditions,162—Cortés abandons the city,163—A desperate struggle,163—La Noche Triste,164—The scene of the battle,164; the losses,165.
Conquest166-179