A (ah),95A battuta (ah-baht-too'-tah),95A capella (cah-pel'-lah),76A capriccio (cah-pritch'-eo),54Accelerando (aht-cheh-leh-rahn'-do),54Accented tones,20Accent marks,20Accent in measures,44Acciaccatura (aht-cheea-cah-too'-ra),25,26Accidentals,9Accompagnamento (ahc-com-pahn-yah-men'-to),95Acoustics (ah-kow'-stics), def.,131of auditoriums,133Adagietto (ah-dah-jee-et'-to),50Adagio (ah-dah'-jee-o),50À deux mains (doo-mahng),42Ad libitum,54Affrettando (ahf-fret-tahn'-do),54Agitato (ah-jee-tah'-to),55Agréments (ah-greh-mahng),22À la or alla (ahl'-lah),42Alla breve (breh'-veh),95Alla marcia (mar'-chee-ah),95Allargando (ahl-lahr-gahn'-do),53Alla zingara (tseen-gah'-rah),95Allegretto (ahl-leh-gret'-to),51Allegrissimo,52Allegro (ahl-leh'-gro),50Allegro agitato (ah-jee-tah'-to),52Allegro appassionata (-ah'-tah),52Allegro assai (ahs-sah'-ee),52Allegro commodo (kom-mo'-do),52Allegro con brio (bree'-o),52Allegro con fuoco (foo-o'-ko),53Allegro con moto (mo'-to),53Allegro con spirito (spee'-ree-to),53Allegro di bravura (dee brah-voo'-rah),53Allegro di molto (mohl'-to),53Allegro furioso (foo-ree-o'-so),53Allegro giusto (jew-sto),53Allegro ma grazioso (mah grah-tsi-o'-so),53Allegro (ma) non tanto (tahn'-to),53Allegro (ma) non troppo (trop'-po),53Allegro moderato (mod-e-rah'-to),53Allegro quasi andante (quah-see ahn-dahn'-teh),53Allegro vivace (vee-vah'-cheh),53Allemande (al-mahnd),71All'unisono (oo-nee-so'-no),95All'ottava (ot-tah'-vah),15Alt (ahlt),95Alto (ahl-to),95A mezza voce (met'-zah-vo'-cheh),42Amore (ah-mo'-reh),42,59Andante (ahn-dahn'-teh),50Andante affettuoso (ahf-fet-too-o'-so),52Andante amabile (ah-mah'-bee-leh),52Andante cantabile (cahn-tah'-bee-leh),52Andante con moto (mo'-to),52Andante grazioso (grah-tsi-o'-so),52Andante maestoso (mah-es-to'-so),52Andante (ma) non troppo (mah non trop'-po),52Andante pastorale (pahs-to-rah'-leh),52Andante quasi allegro (quah-see ahl-leh'-gro),52Andante sostenuto (sos-teh-noo'-to),52Animando (ah-nee-mahn'-do),55Animato (ah-nee-mah'-to),55Animato come sopra (co-meh so'-prah),55Andantino (ahn-dahn-tee'-no),50Antecedent,67Anthem,76Anticipation,93Antiphony (an-tif'-o-ny),95Antithesis (an-tith'-),67A piacere (pee-ah-cheh'-reh),54Appoggiatura (ap-pod-jea-too'-rah), def.,25À quatre mains (kahtr-mahng),95Arabesque,95Aria (ah'-ree-ah),79Arioso (ah-ree-o'-so),95Arpeggiando (ar-ped-jee-ahn'-do),21Arpeggiato (-ah'-to),21Arpeggiento (-en'-to),21Arpeggio (ar-ped'-jee-o),21Art-ballad,80Assai (ahs-sah'-ee),42A tempo,54A tempo primo (pree'-mo),54A tempo rubato (roo-bah'-to),54Attacca (aht-tah'-kah),95Attacca subito (soo'-bee-to),95Attacca subito il seguente (eel seg-wen'-teh),95Attack,95Bagpipe,95Ballad,80Band,115Bar, def. and use,12double,12Barcarole (bar'-cah-rohl),95Baritone,95Bass,95Bass clarinet,121Basso (bahs'-so),95Bassoon,121Bass staff,6Bass tuba,125Bass viol,118Ben (behn),42Ben marcato (mahr-kah'-to),42Berceuse (behr-soos'),95Binary form,95Binary measure,95Bis (bees),96Bolero (bo-leh'-ro),71Bourrée (boo-reh'),71Brace,96Brass instruments,116Brillante (breel-ahn'-teh),55Broken chord,96Broken octave,96Cacophony (kak-of'-o-ny),96Cadence,89Cadenza,96Calando (kah-lahn'-do),59Cancel,3,8Cantabile (kahn-tah'-bee-leh),96Cantando (kakn-tahn'-do),96Canto (kahn'-to),96Cantus firmus,64Canon,64Cantata (kahn-tah'-tah),77Carol,96Catch,96C clef3,6Cello (chel'-lo),118Chaconne (shah-con'),71Chamber music,72Chanterelle (shong-tah-rel'),117Chinese scale,27Choral,76Chords def. and lands,87inversions of,88common,87seventh,89dominant seventh,92Chromatic,96Chromatic scale,38Clarinet,121Classes of instruments in orchestra,115Clavichord,96Clefs,3,5Close position,94Coda,70Coi (co'-ee),42Col,42Colla,42Colla parte (par'-teh),96Colla voce (vo'-cheh),96Colle,42Collo,42Coloratura singing,79,96Coll'ottava (ot-tah'-vah),15Combination pedals,115Come (koh'-meh),42Come primo (pree'-mo),42Common chords,87Compound measure,45Compound duple measure,45Con,42Con alcuna licenza (ahl-koo'-nah lee-chen'-tsah),59Con amore (ah-mo'-reh),42,59Con anima (ah'-nee-mah),55Con bravura (brah-voo'-rah),59Con celerita (che-leh'-ree-tah),59Concerto (con-cher'-to),72Concert pitch,138Con delicato (deh-lee-cah'-to),59Con energico (en-er-jee'-ko),59Con espressione (es-pres-see-o'-neh),59Con forza (fort'-za),60Con fuoco (foo-o'-ko),60Con grand' espressione (grahnd' es-pres-see-o'-neh),60Con grazia (grahts-yah),60Con melinconia (or malinconia) (-leen-ko'-ne-eh),60Con moto,55Con passione (pas-se-o'-neh),60Consequent,67Consonance,96Con spirito (spe'-ree-to),60Con tenerezza (teh-neh-ret'-za),60Continuous form,80Contra,42Contra bass tuba,126Contra octave,16Contralto,96Con variazione (vah-ri-ah-tsi-o'-neh),96Cornet,124Counterpoint, def.,64,62,82Courante (koo-rahnt'),71Crescendo (kre-shen'-do),57Crescendo al fortissimo,58Crescendo ed affrettando (ahf-fret-tahn'-do),58Crescendo ed animando poco a poco (ah-ni-mahn'-do),58Crescendo e diminuendo (eh de-me-noo-en'-do),58Crescendo molto (mohl'-to),58Crescendo poco a poco,58Crescendo poco a poco sin al fine (seen ahl fee'-neh),58Crescendo poi diminuendo (po'-ee dee-mee-noo-en'-do),58Crescendo subito (soo'-bee-to),58Cross-stroke,1,2Csardas (tsar'-dahs),71Da (dah),42Da capo (kah'-po),13Dal segno (sehn'-yo),13Dances,71Dash over note,17,20Decrescendo (deh-kreh-shen'-do),58Decrescendo al pianissimo (ahl pee-ahn-is'-si-mo),58Degrees of staff,5Delicato (deh-lee-kah'-to),60Descriptive music,74Di (dee),42Diatonic condition,7Diatonic scale,28Di bravura (brah-voo'-rah),42Diminuendo (dee-mee-noo-en'-do),58Di molto (mohl'-to),42Direct,96Dirge,97Discord,97Dissonance (dis'),97Divisi (di-ve'-ze),97Dolce (dohl'-cheh),60Dolce e cantabile (eh kahn-tah'-bee-leh),60Dolcissimo (dohl-chis'-see-mo),60Dolente (do-len'-teh),60Dominant,36Dominant Seventh,92Doloroso (do-lo-ro'-so),60Doppio (dop'-pee-o),42Doppio movimento (mo-vi-men'-to),55Dot—where placed,3uses of,17with slur or tie,20with dash,20Double bar,12Double bass,118Double bassoon,121Double flat,3,7Double mordent,23Double sharp,3,7Doublet,20Duet,97Duple measure,46Dynamics,56E (eh),42École (eh'-kole),97Ed,42Eight-foot stop,114Elements of music,82Embellishments,22English names for notes,11English horn,121Enharmonic, def.,10Enharmonic scale,32Enharmonic tie,18Ensemble (ong-sombl),42Equal temperament,137E poi la coda (eh-po'-ee),14Espressivo (ehs-pres-see'-vo),60Et,42Etto,42Etude,97Euphony (yu'-fo-ny),97Even measure,46Facile (fah-chee'-leh),97Fanfare (fahn'-fehr),97Fantasia (fahn-tah-ze'-ah),97F Clef,3,5,6Fermata (fehr-mah'-ta),14,15Fiasco (fe-ahs'-ko),97Figured bass,89Fine (fee'-neh),13Five-lined octave,16Flat,3,7Flute,119Folk-song,81Form, def.,62binary,95Forte (for'-teh),56Forte piano (pee-ah'-no),56Forte possibile (pos-see'-bee-leh),43Fortissimo,56Fortissimo possibile (pos-see-bee-leh),56Fortisissimo,56Forzando (for-tsahn'-do),57Forzato (for-tsah'-to),57Four-foot stop,114Four-lined octave,16Free imitation,64French horn,123French pitch designations,6Fugue,66Fundamental,135Gamut (gam'-ut),97Gavotte (gah-vot'),71G Clef,3,5,6General pause,15German pitch designation,6Gigue (zheeg),71Giocoso (jee-o-ko'-so),60Giojoso (jee-o-yo'-so),60Glee,81Glissando (glis-sahn'-do),97Graces,22Grandioso (grahn-dee-o'-so),60Grand sonata,74Grave (grah'-veh),50Grazioso (grah-tsi-o'-so),60Great octave,16Great staff,5Grosse pause (gros-seh pah-oo'-za) or (gros-seh pow-zeh),15Gruppetto (groo-pet'-to),22Habanera (hah-bah-neh'-rah),71Half-step,83Harmonic minor scale,33Harmonics,136Harmonics on violin,117Harmony,82Harp,129Harpsichord,97Head of note,1Hold,15Homophonic style,63Hook,1Humoresque (hoo-mo-resk'),97Hymn to St. John,37Idyl,97Il (eel),42Il basso (bahs'-so),42Il più (pee'-oo),42Il più forte possibile (pos-see'-bee-leh),42Imitation,64Imperfect trill,23In alt (in ahlt),97In altissimo (ahl-tis'-si-mo),97Ino(ee'-no),42Instrumentation,97Instruments, classification of,112Intensity of tones,135Interlude,97Intermediate tones,38