Folly Bridge,22,23,103Foxe, Richard, Bishop of Winchester, founder of Corpus Christi College,248,249—— provision for teaching of New Learning made by,249,250Friars, coming of the,93,94;influence of,113;academic studies of,114;conflict of, with University regarding Degree of Arts,115,116—— Austin, settlement of, in Oxford,104—— Black, lands and buildings granted to,94—— Carmelite, first coming of,103;Palace of Beaumont granted to,103,104—— library and church of,104—— Crossed, or Cruched, settlement of, in Oxford,105—— Grey, story of arrival of, in Oxford,94-96;benefactors of,96,97;site chosen by, for settlements,97;Ruleof,98;grant of Henry III. to,98,99;convent of,99;first school of,99;libraries of,100;eminent men from schools of,100,101—— Penitentiarian, or Brothers of the Sack, arrival of, in Oxford, and early suppression of,105GARRET, Thomas, Lutheran, account of escape and arrest of,263-266Gibbon, Edward, historian, “Gentleman Commoner” at Magdalen,197Giraldus Cambrensis, visit to Oxford of,70,71;account of same by,74Gloucester Hall, history of,105, 106 (see Worcester College)Godstow village, and remains of nunnery of,55Great schism, the,135Greek, introduction of study of, into England,243Greeks and Trojans, representatives of Old and New Learning so called,247Grey, William, manuscripts brought from Italy by,243Grinling Gibbons, carvings by, in Queen’s library,220;in Trinity Chapel,289Grossetete, Robert,99,100;authority of, over University,113;intervention of, on behalf of University,167Guarino of Verona, pupils of, from Oxford,243Gunpowder Plot,304HALLS, origin of old names of,175Hampden, death of,323Hanoverians, pacific policy of,349Harold, Cnut’s successor, death of, at Oxford,27Hawksmoor, Nicholas, architect,219,226,339Haydock, Richard, pretence of, to miraculous preaching,305Henry Beauclerk,54,69Henry II.,55;quarrel of, with Becket,71,72;encouragement to literary culture given by,72,73—— III., support given to, by Oxford Dominicans,131;struggle of, with Barons,208seq.—— V. at Queen’s College,238—— VII., visit to Oxford of,232;endowment of University by, in return for memorial service,232;munificence of,232;gift of, towards Magdalen bell tower,235;obit established by, for widow of Warwick, the king-maker,232;obit kept for, by Magdalen,236—— VIII., call on University for judgment concerning divorce by,266,267;marriage of, declared void,268;refusal of, to despoil the colleges,270Hermitage of “Our Lady in the Wall,”112High Street,149Holywell Manor,29Hospitals and Hermitages, various, in Oxford,112Hostels, halls practically,176;regulations concerning,176Hoton, Richard of, Prior of Durham Monastery, erection of college by,107House of Converts, foundation of, by Henry III.,109;later converted into “Blue Boar,”109;site of, occupied by modern Town Hall,109Houses, built of stone by Jews, and after Great Fire,174;description of, by Wood,175;names of, according to structure, 175Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, acquisition by University of library of,227,228,229;death of,228;three books only of remaining in Bodleian Library,299;loss and destruction of remaining ones,299Hyde, Edward, Earl of Clarendon, historian of the Great Rebellion,329,330INIGOJones, gateway of Physic Garden, designed by,54;colonnades and garden front of S. John’s by,290;scenery of Interludes arranged by,311Inns, Old,175,176Irishmen, statute ordering, to quit the realm,201;exemption of Irish students from,201;complaints against,201JACKSON, T. G., architect,289James I., visit of, to Bodleian, and gift of, to Library,301-2;visit of, to Oxford with Queen and Prince Henry,305;letters patent to University, granted by,307;play performed in honour of,311—— II., accession of,344;endeavour of, to transform the University into a Roman Catholic Seminary,344seq.;election of President of Magdalen by,345;visit to Oxford of, to enforce obedience from Fellows of Magdalen,346;change of policy of, and restoration of ejected fellows by,347Jewry, deadly feud of, with Priory of S. Fridewide,51,52Jewries, Great and Little, boundaries of,51Jews, protection enjoyed by,51,52;wealth and insolence of,52;persecution and banishment of,53;place of burial granted to,53Jousts, or tourneys, reason for forbidding,203,204Jurisprudence, revival of study of,67KEMPE, Thomas, Bishop of London, gift towards completion of Divinity School and Library from,227,228King’s Mead,41LAUD, William, Archbishop, election of, as chancellor,308;statutes of,308;University reforms of,308,309;suppression of Puritanism by,308;general reforms of,309;munificence of, in gifts, endowments, etc.,310Learning, state of, during early Middle Ages,65,66Lewes, battle of,210Linacre, Thomas,244Lollardism, centre of, at Oxford,138,139;stamping out of,140;continued support of, in Oxford, and final suppression of,140-143;students’ riots in connection with,217Lutheranism, introduction of, by Cambridge students,263;measures taken to stamp out,263;arrest of adherents of,263-266;proscription of heretical books,266Mad Parliament, the, meeting of, in Convent of Black Friars,131Margaret, Countess of Richmond, foundation of Colleges by,232;of Readerships at Oxford and Cambridge,235Marsh (de Marisco) Adam,100,113Marston Moor, battle of,326Martyr, Catherine, wife of Peter,16Martyrs’ Memorial,288Mary, Queen, prosecution of Protestants by,276seq.Master of Arts, first mention of degree of,88Matilda, Queen, besieged by Stephen,37;escape of, from Oxford Castle,37Merton, Walter de, founder of Merton College,116seq.;statutes of,120,121More, Thomas,244,246;execution of,268Morris, William,355,356NASEBY, battle of,328New Learning, the, at Oxford,240,241;Oxford students attracted to Italy by,243;opposition of Old Learning to,247;King and Wolsey supporters of,247,248Northampton, defence of, by students during Wars of the Barons,210NorthernersandSoutherners, main division of students into,200;encounters between,200-202;respective attitudes of, towards Lollardism,217OLDLearning, rise of, against Greek and Heresy,247Osney, Monastery of, tale in connection with foundation of,46,47;beauty of,47;destruction of,47,48;picture of, in old window,48;famous bells of,48,49;mill at, used for powder factory,319Our Lady in the Wall, old hermitage known as,112Oxford, town of, legend of origin of,61,62—— vill. of, early existence of,7;first religious community at,7;first mention of,22;old boundaries and roads of,22;old tower of castle mound of,25;natural defences of,25,26;gemots held at,26,27;assembly held at, to appoint Cnut’s successor,27;death of Harold at,27;submission of, to Conqueror,28;record of, in Domesday Book,28,29;old wall of fortification of,30,32;old entrance to,30—— castle of,33;additions to, and remains of,34;romantic episode connected with,34,35;position of,38,39—— Charter granted to, by Henry II.,55,56;crafts and guilds of,56-59—— quarrel of town of, with University, and penalty imposed on, for usurping jurisdiction,75,76,77;insanitary condition of, in early times,97;description of streets of, in mediæval times,150;penalties incurred by citizens of, after riot on S. Scholastica’s Day,216;charter of, taken from and restored to, by Henry VIII.,271;reforms at, as to licensing, etc., introduced by Laud,309;sympathies of, with Parliaments,313,314;entry into, of Parliamentary troops,316,317;evacuation of, by same,317;entry into, of Royalist troops,317;plan of defences at,318;court established at,319;description of spectacle presented by, at this time,319-321;sitting of Parliaments at,320;gaieties at,320,321;mustering of Royalists at,324;siege of, by Fairfax,328,329;surrender of,329;honourable terms granted to, by Fairfax,329;Parliament convened at,341;rise in price of provisions at,341;Jacobite riots at,349-351;later improvement at,353,354Oxford Gazette, first appearance of,341Oxford, University of, possible origin of,19;origin of, as given by Rous, and in Historica,62,63;controversy as to priority of,63,64;Alfred as founder of,64,65;independence of,70;account of, by Giraldus Cambrensis,70,71;migration to, of scholars from Paris,71,72,73;quarrel of, with town regarding Ecclesiastical Jurisdiction,75,76;penalty imposed on,76,77;second migration to, of scholars from Paris,77;privileges and customs of,77,78;first houses bought by,81,82;spirit of, as opposed to spirit of Church,90;rise of scholastic philosophy at,91;support of Lollardism by,138seq.;articles drawn up by, for reform of Church,144,145;representatives of, at Constance,145;precincts of, as defined in reign of Henry IV.,169;classes held to be “of the privilege of,”169,170;number of scholars at,170;attitude of, during Barons’ War,209;during struggle between Edward II. and the supporters of the Queen,211;further privileges secured by, after riot on S. Scholastica’s Day,212,215,216;effect of lawlessness of students upon,217;reforms adopted by,218;causes of decay in prosperity of,221;stagnation at, in fifteenth century,226;political time-serving of,231;gifts to, by Henry VII.,232;change in character of, at close of Middle Ages,238;charter granted to, at request of Wolsey,256;grievances arising from favour shown by crown to,256,257;struggle arising from grant of charter to,257,258;repeal of same,258;confirmation of old charter of, and fresh disturbances at,258,259;called on to decide in favour of separation from Rome,268;learning at, checked by early development of Reformation,271;charter of, taken over by King, and restored,271;visitation of, in 1535,272;enforcement of “Edwardian Statutes” at,273;reception of Queen Elizabeth by,291,292;feuds at, between Roman Catholics and Calvinists,296;letters patent granted to, by James I.,307;support of Absolutism by,307;revision of statutes of, by Laud,308;recovery of popularity by, under Laud,310;support of Royalists’ cause by,313seq.;defence of city undertaken by,314,315;council of war formed by,315;offer of, to laydown arms,316;escape of volunteers belonging to, before the siege,316;liberties and privileges guaranteed to, by Fairfax,329;elections suspended at, by Parliament,331;deplorable condition of,331;Parliamentary Commission to,332seq.;Royal Commission to,335;gift of Arundel marbles to,337;drunkenness and general degeneracy at,343;resistance of, to James I.’s policy,346;depreciation of learning at, during reign of Toryism,351,352;description of life at,352,353;revival of new order of things at,354;development of,354,355;revival of spirituality at,355;of mediævalism,355PAPALLegate, arrival of, at Oxford,206;flight of,207;English shores forbidden to,207Paris, University at,67;famous scholars at,68,69;development from schools of Notre Dame of,70;migration from, owing to King’s quarrel with Becket,71,72;further migration from, of scholars,77Parsons, Robert, dissemination of Romanist literature by,295Peasant Revolt,137,138Perilous Hall, bought by Oriel,125Penn, William, endeavour of, to bring about a compromise between James I. and fellows of Magdalen,346Philargi, Peter (Alexander V.), only graduate of Oxford or Cambridge who became Pope,144Physic garden, first land set apart for study of plants,53,54;trees, etc., grown in,54Pie-powder Court,19Plays, first acting of, in colleges and halls,188;performed in honour of royalty,311Poets Laureate, rhetoricians so styled,254Popery, enforcement of Edwardian Statutes against,273,274,276Port Meadow,46Printing, lack of encouragement of, at Oxford,241,243Proctors, first mention of,199;office of,200Protestantism (see also under Lutheranism), enforcement of, at Oxford under Edwardian Statutes,273,274;reaction against,276Pullen, Robert, lectures of, on Bible,69Puritanism, growth of, in Oxford,305;suppression of, by Laud,308;struggle of, with High Church party,312,313RADCLIFFE, Dr John, court physician,84Radcliffe Quadrangle, Infirmary, Observatory, and Library,87Rede, William, Bishop of Chichester, gift of library to Merton by,123Reynolds, Sir Joshua, windows by,224Rich, Edmund, story of,88-90Richard III., visit of, to Magdalen,231Richard, Earl of Cornwall, foundation endowed by,108Ridley and Latimer, martyrdom of,276-282Robert of Cricklade, restoration of S. Frideswide by,11Robsart, Amy, death of,294Roger de Mortimer,211Roman Catholics, proceedings against,296,306Rood, Theodore, of Cologne, first Oxford press set up by,242,243Rotherham, Thomas, Chancellor of Cambridge and Archbishop of York, foundation of Lincoln remodelled by,147Rous, John, old chronicler, account of origin of Oxford by,62Rowley Abbey, foundation of, by Friars,108;dissolution and remains of,109Royal Society, the,336,339;title conferred on, by Charles II.,336Rufinus, Tyrannius, work by, being the first book issued from the Oxford Press,241Rupert, Prince, daring raid of,322,323;surrender of Bristol to,323;defeat of, at Marston Moor,326;solace of, in old age,336Ruskin, John, revival of mediævalism in art by,355;indebtedness of Oxford to,356;influence of, on architecture,356SAINTAldate’s Road,22,23;old house in,50Saint Bartholomew, Hospital of, foundation of, by Henry I.,110;ceremony on May Day at,110;relics preserved at,110,111;base use of, by Parliamentarians,111;restoration of,111,112;remains of,112Saint Frideswide, legend of, 7Saint Frideswide, Shrine of,8;destruction of,15,16;new shrine of,16—— illustration of tale of, in window by Burne-Jones,8;translation of relics of,12—— Priory of, suppression through Wolsey’s agency of,260,261—— Fair of, revival of,19Saint George’s Tower, old castle of Oxford known as,33S. John the Baptist, hospital of,112,