ex—expetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek, desire, crave.re—repetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek again, try to get back, demand back.phalerae, ārum, pl. f.,a metal breastplate(esp. for horses),trappings.Pharnacēs, is, m.,a son of Mithridates.Pharsālicus, adj.,oforat Pharsalus.Pharsālus, ī, f., a city in Thessaly, near which Caesar defeated Pompey, 48B.C.Philippī, ōrum, pl. m., a city in Macedonia,near which Brutus and Cassius were defeated by Octavianus and Antony,B.C.42.philosophia, ae, f.,philosophy.philosophus, ī, m.,a philosopher.Philus, ī, m., seeFūrius.pietās, ātis[pius,dutiful], f.,conscientiousness, dutiful conduct, devotion, piety;filial affection, loyalty.piget, ēre, uitanditum est, impers.,it pains, grieves, disgusts.pīgnus, oris, n.,pledge, security;assurance, proof.pilleus, ī, m.,a(close-fitting)cap.pinguis, e, adj.,fat, sleek.pīrāta, ae, m.,a sea-robber, pirate.pīrāticus[pīrāta], adj.,oforwith(against)the pirates.piscīna, ae[piscis], f.,a fish-pond.piscis, is, m.,a fish.Pīsō, ōnis, m., a cognomen in the Calpurnian gens.1.Cn.(Calpurnius)Pīsō, mentioned in XIII, 64, as a type of excessive rigor and severity.2.L. Calpurnius Pīsō Frūgī, consul 133B.C.; opponent of C. Gracchus in 121; author of a historical work calledAnnālēs.Placentia, ae, f., a city in Cisalpine Gaul, on the Po.placeō, ēre, uī, —,to please, be agreeable to;seem best to; impers.,placet, uitorplacitum est, with dat.,to be resolved by.dis—displiceō, ēre, uī, —,to displease.placidē[placidus,calm], adv.,calmly, quietly.plācō, āre, āvī, ātus,to soothe, appease;conciliate, reconcile.plāga, ae, f.,a stroke, blow.Plancus, ī, m.,C. Plōtius Plancus, proscribed by the Second Triumvirate.plaustrum, ī, n.,a wagon, cart.plausus, ūs[plaudō,to clap the hands] m.,applause, acclamations.plēbēius[plēbs], adj.,plebeian. As noun,plēbēī, ōrum, pl. m.,the plebeians. Seeplēbs.plēbs, plēbis, f.,the common people, rabble;the plebeians, or the population that grew up round the patricians (seepatricius) from such causes as the settlement of foreigners in Rome, or the emancipation of slaves.plectō, ere, —, —,to beat, punish(usually in pass.).plēnus[cf.*pleō], adj.,full, full of.*pleō, plēre, plēvī, plētus,to fill.com—compleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill(to the brim):complete.ex—expleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up, fill.in—impleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up.ob—oppleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill;cover.re—repleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill again, refill, fill up.plērīque, aeque, aque, adj.,very many, most.Plīnius, ī, m.,C. Plīnius Secundus, commonly known asPliny the Elder,A.D.23-79. He wrote a sort of encyclopaedia calledHistoria Nātūrālis.Plōtius, ī, m., seePlancus.plumbeus[plumbum], adj.,leaden.plumbum, ī, n.,lead.plūrimus, seemultus.plūs, plūris, adj., seemultus.poena, ae, f.,compensation, punishment, penalty.Poenī, ōrum, pl. m.,the Phoenicians, Carthaginians(seeCarthāgō).poēta, ae, m.,a poet.Pōlliō, ōnis, m.,Vedius Pōlliō, punished by Augustus for cruelty to a slave.Pompēiānus, adj.,Pompey’s, Pompeian.Pompēius, ī, m.,Cn. Pompēius, surnamedMāgnus; bornB.C.106, he was consul in 70, having fought Sertorius in Spain, 76-71; defeated the pirates in 67, Mithridates in 66, and formed the First Triumvirate with Caesar and Crassus in 60. He was defeated by Caesar in 48 at Pharsalus in Thessaly, and soon after murdered.Pompilius, ī, m.,Numa Pompilius, second king of Rome.Pompōnius, ī, m.,M. Pompōnius, tribune of the people in 362B.C.Pomptīnus, adj.,Pomptine;palūdēs Pomptīnae,the Pomptine Marshesin Latium, southeast of Rome.pondus, eris[pendō,], n.,weight.pōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put down, place, set, deposit;serve(at meals);spend;set up, build;castra pōnere,to pitch a camp;rudīmentum pōnere,to lay aside(i.e. get through)the first steps, to learn.ad—appōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set before, serve(at table).con—compōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, settle;conclude, finish.dē—dēpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to lay downoraside, put down;stop;arrange, establish.dis—dispōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, array, dispose.ex—expōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to setorput forth;land, disembark;expose, abandon;relate, explain.in—impōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to placeorput uponorin;lēgēs impōnere,to dictate terms.ob—oppōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put in the way, set against, oppose.prae—praepōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set over, put in charge of.prō—prōpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to putorset forth;expose toview, submit;propose, offer;resolve, determine.re—repōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put back, replace, restore.pōns, pontis, m.,a bridge.ponticulus, ī[dim. ofpōns], m.,a little bridge.Ponticus, adj.,pertaining to Pontus, Pontic.Pontus, ī, m.,Pontus, a country in Asia Minor, south of the Black Sea.populāris, is[populus], m.,a fellow-countryman.populor, ārī, ātus sum,to lay waste, ravage, plunder.populus, ī, m.,a people, nation; collectively,the people, the citizens.Porcia, ae, f., a daughter of Cato Uticensis (seeCatō), and wife of M. Brutus.porrigō, seeregō.Porsena, ae, m.,Porsena, a king of Clusium in Etruria.porta, ae, f.,a city gate, gate.portendō, seetendō.porticus, ūs[porta], f.,a colonnade, arcade, portico.portō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bear, carry, bring.re—reportō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bring back;carry off or away.portōrium, ī[portus], n.,a tax, duty, tariff.portus, ūs, m.,a harbor, haven.pōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to ask, demand.dē—dēpōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand urgently, claim.ex—expōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand, claim.re—repōscō, ere, —, —,to demand(back),claim.Posīdōnius, ī, m., a Stoic philosopher, contemporary with Cicero and Pompey.possum, posse, potuī, —[potis,able+sum],to be able, can;have influence, be strong.post, (1) adv.,after, later, afterwards; (2) prep, with acc.,after, behind.posteā[post+is], adv.,afterwards.posterus[post], adj.,following, next; comp.posterior, us, gen.ōris,later; sup.postrēmus,last, lowest;in posterum,for the future;ad postrēmum,finally;postrēmō,at last, finally. As noun,posterī, ōrum, pl. m.,descendants, posterity.posthabeō, seehabeō.posthāc[post+hīc], adv.,hereafter, thereafter, in the future.postīcum, ī[postīcus,in the rear], n.,a back door.postis, is, m.,a door-post, post.postquamorpost . . . quam[post+quam], conj.,after, when.postrēmō, seeposterus.postrēmus, seeposterus.postrīdiē[posterus+diēs], adv.,on the following day, next day.pōstulātum, ī[pōstulō], n.,a demand, request.pōstulō, āre, āvī, ātus,to request, demand.potēns, entis[orig. part. ofpossum], adj.,able, mighty, influential.potentātus, ūs[potēns], m.,power, authority, dominion.potentia, ae[potēns], f.,power, might.potestās, ātis[potis,able], f.,might, power(esp. that of a magistrate);dominion, rule;opportunity.potior, īrī, ītus sum,to become master of, obtain, acquire, get.prae, prep, with abl.,before, in front of;in comparison with; in composition,before, very.praeacūtus[prae+acūtus,sharp], adj.,sharp at the end, pointed.praebeō, seehabeō.praecēdō, seecēdō.praeceptor, ōris[praecipiō], m.,teacher.praeceptum, ī[praecipiō], n.,teaching, maxim, rule;command, order.praecīdō, seecaedō.praecinō, seecanō.praecipiō, seecapiō.praecipuē[praecipuus,special], adv.,chiefly, principally, especially.praeclārē[praeclārus], adv.,gloriously, excellently.praeclārus[prae+clārus], adj.,very brightorbrilliant, excellent, distinguished.praecō, ōnis, m.,a crier, herald.praeda, ae, f.,booty, spoil, plunder.praedicātiō, ōnis[praedicō], f.,a public proclamation, statement.praedicō, seedicō.praedīcō, seedīcō.praedō, ōnis[praeda], m.,one that makes(gains)booty, robber.praefectus, ī[praeficiō,to place in command], m.,a leader, commander.praeferō, seeferō.praeferōx, ōcis[prae+ferōx], adj.,insolent, full of confidence.praefor, fārī, fātus sum[prae+for,to speak],to say by way of preface.praelūceō, ēre, lūxī, —[prae+lūceō,to shine],to shine before, light the way before.praemium, ī[prae+emō], n.,reward, prize.praepōnō, seepōnō.praeripiō, seerapiō.praesēns, entis[orig. part. ofpraesum], adj.,present, at hand;face to face.praesidium, ī[praesideō,to defend], n.,help, aid, defense;defensive force, garrison;fort, post, station.praestō, seestō.praesum, seesum.praeter, prep, with acc.,past, beyond;contrary to, against;besides, except; in composition,past, beyond.praetereā[praeter+is], adv.,in addition to this, besides, moreover.praetereō, see(1)eō.praeteritus[orig. part. ofpraetereō], adj.,past.praetextus[orig. part. ofpraetexō,to edge, border], adj.,bordered, edged. As noun,praetexta, ae(sc.toga), f.,the toga praetexta, or white toga with purple border, worn by magistrates and by free-born children till the sixteenth or seventeenth year, when they became of age and assumed thetoga virīlis, which was wholly white.praetor, ōris[orig.praeitor, fromprae+ (1)eō], m.,a leader, commander; among the Romans,a praetoror magistrate, whose especial business was the administration of justice. After Sulla’s time eight or more were elected annually. The praetors often served in command of armies, esp. in the provinces, and after acting as judges in Rome, were regularly assigned to duty in the provinces with the title ofprōpraetor.praetōrius[praetor], adj.,oforbelonging to the general, the general’s;praetorian. As noun,praetōrius, ī, m.,a man of praetorian rank, an ex-praetor.praeveniō, seeveniō.prandium, ī, n.,lunch.prātum, ī, n.,a field, meadow.prāvus, adj.,crooked, wrong;perverse, wicked.precor, ārī, ātus sum[prex],to ask, beg, beseech.dē—dēprecor, ārī, ātus sum,to plead against, plead, avert by prayer;decline.prehendō, ere, ī, prehēnsus,to grasp, seize, catch.ad—apprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to lay hold of, seize, grasp.con—comprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch, arrest;understand.dē—dēprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch;surprise, detect, discover.re—reprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to hold back, check;blame, criticise, reprove.premō, ere, pressī, pressus,to press;press hard, crush.con—comprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to restrain, check, crush.ex—exprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorforce out;utter, express.ob—opprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to crush utterly, overpower, overwhelm, master.re—reprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorkeep back, check, restrain.pretiōsus[pretium], adj.,of great value, costly, precious.pretium, ī, n.,money value, price;money;recompense, reward;operae pretium est,it is worth while.prex, precis, f.,a prayer, entreaty(chiefly in pl.).prīdem, adv.,long since, long ago.prīdiē[pri(or)+diē], adv.,the day before.prīmō, seeprior.prīmōrēs, um[prīmus], pl. m.,first men, chiefs, nobles.prīmum, seeprior.prīmus, seeprior.prīnceps, ipis[prīmus+capiō], adj.,first, foremost. As noun, m.,leading man, chief, leader.prīncipium, ī[prīnceps], n.,beginning.prior, us, gen.priōris, comp. adj.,foremost, first, prior; sup.prīmus,first, foremost;prīmō, prīmum,at first, first.Prīscus, ī, m., cognomen ofTarquinius Prīscus, the fifth king of Rome.prius[neuter ofprior], adv.,before, sooner, previously, first of all.priusquamorprius . . . quam[prius+quam], conj.,earlier than, before.prīvātim[prīvātus], adv.,individually;by one’s self, privately.prīvātus[prīvō], adj.,personal, private, individual. As noun,prīvātus, ī, m.,a man in private life, a private citizen.prīvō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bereave, deprive, rob.prō, prep. with abl.,in front of, before;in behalf of, for;instead of;in comparison with, in accordance with; in composition,forth, for.prō, interj.,O! ah! alas! Heavens!proavus, ī[prō+avus], m.,great-grandfather.probō, āre, āvī, ātus[probus,good],to test(and find good),approve, commend;show, prove.ad—approbō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve fully, favor;show, demonstrate.con—comprobō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve, sanction;confirm.Proca, ae, m., a king of Alba Longa, father of Numitor and Amulius.prōcēdō, seecēdō.procella, ae, f.,a strong wind;storm.prōcēritās, ātis[prōcērus,tall], f.,height, tallness.prōclāmō, seeclāmō.prōcōnsul, is[prō,in place of+cōnsul], m.,a proconsul, governor of a province. Seecōnsul(end).procul, adv.,in the distance, afar; with abl.,far from.Proculus, ī, m., a Roman senator who claimed that Romulus appeared to him after his death.prōcumbō, see*cumbō.prōcūrō, seecūrō.prōdigium, ī, n.,an omen, portent;strange being, prodigy, monster.prōditiō, ōnis[prōdō], f.,treason.prōditor, ōris[prōdō], m.,a traitor.prōdō, seedō.proelior, ārī, ātus sum[proelium],to fight, wage war.proelium, ī, n.,a battle, combat.profectō[prō+factum], adv.,indeed, in truth, certainly, to be sure.prōferō, seeferō.proficīscor, ī, profectus sum,to set out, proceed;depart.profiteor, seefateor.prōflīgō, see*flīgō.profugiō, seefugiō.profugus, ī[profugiō], m.,a fugitive, exile.profundō, seefundō.profūsus[orig. part. ofprofundō], adj.,lavish, extravagant, profuse.prōgredior, seegradior.prohibeō, seehabeō.prōiciō, seeiaciō.proinde[prō+inde], adv.,hence, therefore.prōlābor, seelābor.prōmineō, ēre, uī, —,to project, extend, lean out.prōmissus[orig. part. ofprōmittō], adj.,hanging down, long, flowing.prōmissum, ī[prōmittō], n.,a promise.prōmittō, seemittō.prōmoveō, seemoveō.prōmptē[prōmptus], adv.,quickly, readily.prōmptus[prōmō,to put forth], adj.,visible, at hand;ready, alert, prompt.pronepōs, ōtis[prō+nepōs], m.,great-grandson.prōnūntiō, seenūntiō.propāgō, āre, āvī, ātus,to propagate, increase, prolong.prope, adv.,near by;nearly, almost(esp. with numbers): comp.propius; sup.proximē,nearest, next.prōpellō, seepellō.properō, āre, āvī, ātum[properus,quick],to speed, hasten.propinquus[prope], adj.,neighboring, near; as noun,a relative.propior[prope], comp. adj.,nearer; sup.proximus,nearest, next;latest, last;next, following;in proximō,near by. As noun,proximī, ōrum, pl. m.,bystanders.prōpōnō, seepōnō.prōpositum, ī[prōpōnō], n.,plan, purpose.propriē[proprius], adv.,peculiarly, especially.proprius, adj.,own, one’s own; with gen. or dat.,peculiar to, characteristic of.propter, prep. with acc.,on account of.prōripiō, seerapiō.prōrogō, seerogō.prōscrībō, seescrībō.prōscrīptiō, ōnis[prōscrībō], f.,a notice of sale;proscription, confiscation.prōsequor, seesequor.prōsiliō, seesaliō.prōspectus, ūs[prōspiciō,to look forward], m.,view, prospect.prōsperē[prōsperus], adv.,propitiously, successfully.prōsperus[prō+spēs], adj.,according to one’s hopes, favorable.prōsternō, seesternō.prōsum, seesum.prōtendō, seetendō.prōtinus, adv.,right on, continuously;at once, immediately.prōvehō, seevehō.prōvincia, ae, f.,a province(i.e. a territory outside of Italy under Roman government);sphere of operations.prōvocō, seevocō.proximē, seeprope.proximus, seepropior.prūdēns, entis[orig.prōvidēns, part.ofprōvideō,to see ahead], adj.,fore-seeing, skillful, clever, prudent.prūdentia, ae[prūdēns], f.,foresight, practical wisdom, good sense.psittacus, ī, m.,a parrot.Ptolemaeus, ī, m., a name borne by the kings of Egypt after the time of Alexander the Great.pūblicē[pūblicus], adv.,in the name of(by order of)the state, publicly, officially.pūblicō, āre, āvī, ātus[pūblicus],to open to the public, make public.pūblicus[orig.populicus: cf.populus], adj.,belonging to the people(state),public;official. As noun,pūblicum, ī, n.,the state treasury.Pūblius, ī, m., a Roman praenomen.pudor, ōris, m.,modesty, shame, hesitancy.puella, ae[dim. ofpuer], f.,a girl.puer, puerī, m.,a child;boy;slave.puerīlis, e[puer], adj.,boyish, youthful.pueritia, ae[puer], f.,childhood;boyhood, youth(extending usually to the 17th year).pugiō, ōnis, m.,a dagger, dirk.pūgna, ae, f.,a combat, fight, battle.pūgnāx, ācis[pūgna], adj.,fond of fighting, combative.pūgnō, āre, āvī, ātum,to fight;oppose, resist.ex—expūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to take by storm, capture;overpower, prevail upon.in—impūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, oppose, attack.ob—oppūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, assault, besiege.re—repūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight back, oppose, resist.pulcher, chra, chrum, adj.,beautiful;excellent, illustrious.Pulcher, chrī, m.,P. Claudius, a son of A. Claudius Caecus, consul 249B.C.pullārius, ī[pullus], m.,keeper of the sacred chickens.pullus, ī, m.,a young animal;chicken.pulvis, eris, m.,dust.pungō, ere, pupugī, punctus,to strike, prick, puncture;sting, torment.Pūnicus, adj.,Phoenician, Punic;Carthaginian(seeCarthāgō).pūniō, īre, īvī, ītus[poena],to punish.pūrgō, āre, āvī, ātus[pūrus,clean+agō],to make clean;clear away, excuse.putō, āre, āvī, ātus,to cleanse(vines by cutting);consider, think, suppose.am—amputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to cut all round, cut away, lop off.con—computō, āre, āvī, ātus,to sum up, reckon, compute.dis—disputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to weigh, examine;discuss;argue.re—reputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to think over, reflect on, reflect.Pȳrēnaeus, ī(sc.mōns), m.,the Pyrenees.Pyrrhus, ī, m., a king of Epirus, who allied himself with Tarentum, and invaded Italy, 280-275B.C.QQ., abbreviation of the nameQuīntus.quadrāgēsimus[quadrāgintā], num. adj.,fortieth.quadrāgintā, indecl. num. adj.,forty.quadrīgae, ārum, pl. f., afour-horse team.quadringentī, ae, a[quattuor+centum], num. adj.,four hundred.quaerō, ere, quaesīvī, quaesītus,to seek;ask;get, gain.ad—adquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to acquire, get, gain.con—conquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to seekorsearch fo;hunt up.re—requīrō, ere, quīsīvī (iī), quīsītus,to seekorsearch for.quaesō, ere, īvī, —,to seek;beg, pray.quaestor, ōris[orig.quaesītor; cf.quaerō, quaesō], m.,quaestor, quartermaster, a name given to certain magistrates who had the care of public monies and military supplies, both at Rome and in the provinces.quaestūra, ae[quaestor], f.,the quaestorship.quālis, e, adj., (1) interrog.,of what kind? what sort of?(2) rel.,of such a kind, such as, as.quāliscumque, quālecumque, adj.,of whatsoever kind, of any kind.quam[(1)quis], adv.,how, how much; after a comp.,than; with a sup.,as possible;quam prīmum,as soon as possible;quamdiū,as long as;tam . . . quam,as . . . so, not only . . . but also.quamquam, conj.,although, even if.quamvīs[quam+vīs, fromvolō], adv. and conj.,howevermuch, although.quandōquidem[quandō,since+quidem], conj.,since indeed.quantus[quam], adj., (1) interr.,how great? how much?(2) rel., correl. totantus,as great as, as.quantum, adv.,how much? how far?quāpropter[(1)quis+propter], adv.; (1) interr.,why? wherefore?(2) rel.,for which reason, wherefore.quāre[quā+rē], adv., (1) interr.,why?(2) rel.,for which reason, wherefore, therefore.quārtāna, ae[quārtus], f. (sc.febris,fever), a fever or ague recurring every fourth day.quārtus[quattuor], num. adj.,fourth.quasī, adv. and conj.,as if, just as if, as though, ostensibly;on the ground that.quater, adv.,four times.quatiō, ere, —, quassus,to shake, strike.dē—dēcutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake offordown, strike off.ex—excutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake off, fling off.per—percutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to strike through, pierce;smite, strike;kill, slay;overwhelm, shock.quattuor, indecl. num. adj.,four.que, conj., enclitic,and, and yet, but.queror, ī, questus sum,to complain.con—conqueror, ī, questus sum,to complain bitterly, lament, deplore.questus, ūs[queror], m.,complaint, lament.(1)quī, quae, quod, interr. pron., used adjectively,which? what? what kind of?See (1)quis.(2)quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.,who, which, what, that;whoever, whatever.(3)quī, quae, orqua, quod, indef. pron., used adjectively,any, some.(4)quī[old abl. of (1)quī], adv.,how?quia, conj.,because, since.quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque, indef. rel. pron.,whoever, whichever, whatever.quīdam, quaedam, quiddam, and as adj.,quoddam, indef. pron.,a certain one, somebody;a certain.quidem, adv.,indeed, in fact, to be sure;nē . . . quidem,not even, not at all.quiēs, ētis, f.,rest, sleep, quiet, respite.quiētus[orig. part, ofquiēscō,to be at rest],quiet, peaceful.quīn[(4)quī+nē], conj.,how not? why not;that, that not, but that;quīn etoretiam,nay more.Quīntilius, ī, m., gentile name ofP. Quīntilius Vārus, an officer of Augustus, who sustained a severe defeat at the hands of the Germans,B.C.9.Quīntīlis, is[Quīntus], m. (sc.mēnsis),July, the fifth month (counting from March. SeeDecember).quīndecemvir, ī[quīndecem,fifteen+vir], m.,a member of a board of fifteen men.quīngentī, ae, a[quīnque+centum], num. adj.,five hundred.quīnquāgintā, indecl. num. adj.,fifty.quīnque, indecl. num. adj.,five.quīnquennium, ī[quīnque+annus], n.,a period of five years.quīnquiēs[quīnque], adv.,five times.quīntus[quīnque], num. adj.,fifth.Quīntus, ī, m., a praenomen.quīppe, adv.,indeed, as you see, surely.Quirīnālis, is(sc.collis), m.,the Quirinal, one of the hills of Rome.Quirīnus, ī, m., a name given to Romulus after his death and deification.Quirītēs, ium[Curēs], pl. m., orig.the people of Cures; later, the name used to denote the Romans in their civil capacity, hence:citizens, Romans. SeeRōmānī.(1)quis, quid, interr. pron. used substantively,who? which? what?See (1)quī.(2)quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. used substantively,some one, any one;something, anything. See(3)quī.quisnam, quaenam, quidnam[(1)quis+nam], interr. pron.,whoorwhat in the world? who? which? what?quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiamandquidpiam, indef. pron.,some, any, some one.quisquam, quaequam, quicquam, indef. pron., adj. or noun,any one, anything, any.quisque, quaeque, quidqueorquodque, indef. pron., noun or adj.,each, every, each one, every one.quisquis, quicquid, indef. pron.,whoever, whatever, every one who, everything which.quō[quī], adv. and conj. As adv.,(1) interr.,whither? (2) rel.,whither; as conj.,in order that, that, that thereby.quōcumque, adv.,whithersoever.quod, conj.,because, that, in that;as to the fact that, so far as;quod sī,but if.quōmodo[(1)quī+modus], adv., (1) interr.,how?(2) rel.,in the manner that, as.quondam, adv.,once, formerly.quoniam[quom(=cum,since) +iam], conj.,since, because, seeing that.quoque, conj.,also, too(placed after the word it emphasizes).quōrsumorquōrsus[orig.quōversus;quō+vertō], adv.,whither?quotannīs[quot+annus], adv.,each year, yearly.quoūsque[quō+ūsque,until], adv., (1) interr.,until what time?(2) rel.,until.Rradius, ī, m.,a staff, rod;beam, ray.radīx, īcis, f.,a root;foot, base.rapīna, ae[rapiō], f.,robbery, pillage.rapiō, ere, rapuī, raptus,to seizeandcarry off, drag off;plunder, destroy;hasten, hurry.
ex—expetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek, desire, crave.re—repetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek again, try to get back, demand back.
ex—expetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek, desire, crave.
re—repetō, ere, īvī, ītus,to seek again, try to get back, demand back.
phalerae, ārum, pl. f.,a metal breastplate(esp. for horses),trappings.
Pharnacēs, is, m.,a son of Mithridates.
Pharsālicus, adj.,oforat Pharsalus.
Pharsālus, ī, f., a city in Thessaly, near which Caesar defeated Pompey, 48B.C.
Philippī, ōrum, pl. m., a city in Macedonia,near which Brutus and Cassius were defeated by Octavianus and Antony,B.C.42.
philosophia, ae, f.,philosophy.
philosophus, ī, m.,a philosopher.
Philus, ī, m., seeFūrius.
pietās, ātis[pius,dutiful], f.,conscientiousness, dutiful conduct, devotion, piety;filial affection, loyalty.
piget, ēre, uitanditum est, impers.,it pains, grieves, disgusts.
pīgnus, oris, n.,pledge, security;assurance, proof.
pilleus, ī, m.,a(close-fitting)cap.
pinguis, e, adj.,fat, sleek.
pīrāta, ae, m.,a sea-robber, pirate.
pīrāticus[pīrāta], adj.,oforwith(against)the pirates.
piscīna, ae[piscis], f.,a fish-pond.
piscis, is, m.,a fish.
Pīsō, ōnis, m., a cognomen in the Calpurnian gens.
1.Cn.(Calpurnius)Pīsō, mentioned in XIII, 64, as a type of excessive rigor and severity.2.L. Calpurnius Pīsō Frūgī, consul 133B.C.; opponent of C. Gracchus in 121; author of a historical work calledAnnālēs.
1.Cn.(Calpurnius)Pīsō, mentioned in XIII, 64, as a type of excessive rigor and severity.
2.L. Calpurnius Pīsō Frūgī, consul 133B.C.; opponent of C. Gracchus in 121; author of a historical work calledAnnālēs.
Placentia, ae, f., a city in Cisalpine Gaul, on the Po.
placeō, ēre, uī, —,to please, be agreeable to;seem best to; impers.,placet, uitorplacitum est, with dat.,to be resolved by.
dis—displiceō, ēre, uī, —,to displease.
placidē[placidus,calm], adv.,calmly, quietly.
plācō, āre, āvī, ātus,to soothe, appease;conciliate, reconcile.
plāga, ae, f.,a stroke, blow.
Plancus, ī, m.,C. Plōtius Plancus, proscribed by the Second Triumvirate.
plaustrum, ī, n.,a wagon, cart.
plausus, ūs[plaudō,to clap the hands] m.,applause, acclamations.
plēbēius[plēbs], adj.,plebeian. As noun,plēbēī, ōrum, pl. m.,the plebeians. Seeplēbs.
plēbs, plēbis, f.,the common people, rabble;the plebeians, or the population that grew up round the patricians (seepatricius) from such causes as the settlement of foreigners in Rome, or the emancipation of slaves.
plectō, ere, —, —,to beat, punish(usually in pass.).
plēnus[cf.*pleō], adj.,full, full of.
*pleō, plēre, plēvī, plētus,to fill.
com—compleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill(to the brim):complete.ex—expleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up, fill.in—impleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up.ob—oppleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill;cover.re—repleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill again, refill, fill up.
com—compleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill(to the brim):complete.
ex—expleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up, fill.
in—impleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill up.
ob—oppleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill;cover.
re—repleō, ēre, ēvī, ētus,to fill again, refill, fill up.
plērīque, aeque, aque, adj.,very many, most.
Plīnius, ī, m.,C. Plīnius Secundus, commonly known asPliny the Elder,A.D.23-79. He wrote a sort of encyclopaedia calledHistoria Nātūrālis.
Plōtius, ī, m., seePlancus.
plumbeus[plumbum], adj.,leaden.
plumbum, ī, n.,lead.
plūrimus, seemultus.
plūs, plūris, adj., seemultus.
poena, ae, f.,compensation, punishment, penalty.
Poenī, ōrum, pl. m.,the Phoenicians, Carthaginians(seeCarthāgō).
poēta, ae, m.,a poet.
Pōlliō, ōnis, m.,Vedius Pōlliō, punished by Augustus for cruelty to a slave.
Pompēiānus, adj.,Pompey’s, Pompeian.
Pompēius, ī, m.,Cn. Pompēius, surnamedMāgnus; bornB.C.106, he was consul in 70, having fought Sertorius in Spain, 76-71; defeated the pirates in 67, Mithridates in 66, and formed the First Triumvirate with Caesar and Crassus in 60. He was defeated by Caesar in 48 at Pharsalus in Thessaly, and soon after murdered.
Pompilius, ī, m.,Numa Pompilius, second king of Rome.
Pompōnius, ī, m.,M. Pompōnius, tribune of the people in 362B.C.
Pomptīnus, adj.,Pomptine;palūdēs Pomptīnae,the Pomptine Marshesin Latium, southeast of Rome.
pondus, eris[pendō,], n.,weight.
pōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put down, place, set, deposit;serve(at meals);spend;set up, build;castra pōnere,to pitch a camp;rudīmentum pōnere,to lay aside(i.e. get through)the first steps, to learn.
ad—appōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set before, serve(at table).con—compōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, settle;conclude, finish.dē—dēpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to lay downoraside, put down;stop;arrange, establish.dis—dispōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, array, dispose.ex—expōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to setorput forth;land, disembark;expose, abandon;relate, explain.in—impōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to placeorput uponorin;lēgēs impōnere,to dictate terms.ob—oppōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put in the way, set against, oppose.prae—praepōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set over, put in charge of.prō—prōpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to putorset forth;expose toview, submit;propose, offer;resolve, determine.re—repōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put back, replace, restore.
ad—appōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set before, serve(at table).
con—compōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, settle;conclude, finish.
dē—dēpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to lay downoraside, put down;stop;arrange, establish.
dis—dispōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to arrange, array, dispose.
ex—expōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to setorput forth;land, disembark;expose, abandon;relate, explain.
in—impōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to placeorput uponorin;lēgēs impōnere,to dictate terms.
ob—oppōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put in the way, set against, oppose.
prae—praepōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to set over, put in charge of.
prō—prōpōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to putorset forth;expose toview, submit;propose, offer;resolve, determine.
re—repōnō, ere, posuī, positus,to put back, replace, restore.
pōns, pontis, m.,a bridge.
ponticulus, ī[dim. ofpōns], m.,a little bridge.
Ponticus, adj.,pertaining to Pontus, Pontic.
Pontus, ī, m.,Pontus, a country in Asia Minor, south of the Black Sea.
populāris, is[populus], m.,a fellow-countryman.
populor, ārī, ātus sum,to lay waste, ravage, plunder.
populus, ī, m.,a people, nation; collectively,the people, the citizens.
Porcia, ae, f., a daughter of Cato Uticensis (seeCatō), and wife of M. Brutus.
porrigō, seeregō.
Porsena, ae, m.,Porsena, a king of Clusium in Etruria.
porta, ae, f.,a city gate, gate.
portendō, seetendō.
porticus, ūs[porta], f.,a colonnade, arcade, portico.
portō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bear, carry, bring.
re—reportō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bring back;carry off or away.
portōrium, ī[portus], n.,a tax, duty, tariff.
portus, ūs, m.,a harbor, haven.
pōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to ask, demand.
dē—dēpōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand urgently, claim.ex—expōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand, claim.re—repōscō, ere, —, —,to demand(back),claim.
dē—dēpōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand urgently, claim.
ex—expōscō, ere, popōscī, —,to demand, claim.
re—repōscō, ere, —, —,to demand(back),claim.
Posīdōnius, ī, m., a Stoic philosopher, contemporary with Cicero and Pompey.
possum, posse, potuī, —[potis,able+sum],to be able, can;have influence, be strong.
post, (1) adv.,after, later, afterwards; (2) prep, with acc.,after, behind.
posteā[post+is], adv.,afterwards.
posterus[post], adj.,following, next; comp.posterior, us, gen.ōris,later; sup.postrēmus,last, lowest;in posterum,for the future;ad postrēmum,finally;postrēmō,at last, finally. As noun,posterī, ōrum, pl. m.,descendants, posterity.
posthabeō, seehabeō.
posthāc[post+hīc], adv.,hereafter, thereafter, in the future.
postīcum, ī[postīcus,in the rear], n.,a back door.
postis, is, m.,a door-post, post.
postquamorpost . . . quam[post+quam], conj.,after, when.
postrēmō, seeposterus.
postrēmus, seeposterus.
postrīdiē[posterus+diēs], adv.,on the following day, next day.
pōstulātum, ī[pōstulō], n.,a demand, request.
pōstulō, āre, āvī, ātus,to request, demand.
potēns, entis[orig. part. ofpossum], adj.,able, mighty, influential.
potentātus, ūs[potēns], m.,power, authority, dominion.
potentia, ae[potēns], f.,power, might.
potestās, ātis[potis,able], f.,might, power(esp. that of a magistrate);dominion, rule;opportunity.
potior, īrī, ītus sum,to become master of, obtain, acquire, get.
prae, prep, with abl.,before, in front of;in comparison with; in composition,before, very.
praeacūtus[prae+acūtus,sharp], adj.,sharp at the end, pointed.
praebeō, seehabeō.
praecēdō, seecēdō.
praeceptor, ōris[praecipiō], m.,teacher.
praeceptum, ī[praecipiō], n.,teaching, maxim, rule;command, order.
praecīdō, seecaedō.
praecinō, seecanō.
praecipiō, seecapiō.
praecipuē[praecipuus,special], adv.,chiefly, principally, especially.
praeclārē[praeclārus], adv.,gloriously, excellently.
praeclārus[prae+clārus], adj.,very brightorbrilliant, excellent, distinguished.
praecō, ōnis, m.,a crier, herald.
praeda, ae, f.,booty, spoil, plunder.
praedicātiō, ōnis[praedicō], f.,a public proclamation, statement.
praedicō, seedicō.
praedīcō, seedīcō.
praedō, ōnis[praeda], m.,one that makes(gains)booty, robber.
praefectus, ī[praeficiō,to place in command], m.,a leader, commander.
praeferō, seeferō.
praeferōx, ōcis[prae+ferōx], adj.,insolent, full of confidence.
praefor, fārī, fātus sum[prae+for,to speak],to say by way of preface.
praelūceō, ēre, lūxī, —[prae+lūceō,to shine],to shine before, light the way before.
praemium, ī[prae+emō], n.,reward, prize.
praepōnō, seepōnō.
praeripiō, seerapiō.
praesēns, entis[orig. part. ofpraesum], adj.,present, at hand;face to face.
praesidium, ī[praesideō,to defend], n.,help, aid, defense;defensive force, garrison;fort, post, station.
praestō, seestō.
praesum, seesum.
praeter, prep, with acc.,past, beyond;contrary to, against;besides, except; in composition,past, beyond.
praetereā[praeter+is], adv.,in addition to this, besides, moreover.
praetereō, see(1)eō.
praeteritus[orig. part. ofpraetereō], adj.,past.
praetextus[orig. part. ofpraetexō,to edge, border], adj.,bordered, edged. As noun,praetexta, ae(sc.toga), f.,the toga praetexta, or white toga with purple border, worn by magistrates and by free-born children till the sixteenth or seventeenth year, when they became of age and assumed thetoga virīlis, which was wholly white.
praetor, ōris[orig.praeitor, fromprae+ (1)eō], m.,a leader, commander; among the Romans,a praetoror magistrate, whose especial business was the administration of justice. After Sulla’s time eight or more were elected annually. The praetors often served in command of armies, esp. in the provinces, and after acting as judges in Rome, were regularly assigned to duty in the provinces with the title ofprōpraetor.
praetōrius[praetor], adj.,oforbelonging to the general, the general’s;praetorian. As noun,praetōrius, ī, m.,a man of praetorian rank, an ex-praetor.
praeveniō, seeveniō.
prandium, ī, n.,lunch.
prātum, ī, n.,a field, meadow.
prāvus, adj.,crooked, wrong;perverse, wicked.
precor, ārī, ātus sum[prex],to ask, beg, beseech.
dē—dēprecor, ārī, ātus sum,to plead against, plead, avert by prayer;decline.
prehendō, ere, ī, prehēnsus,to grasp, seize, catch.
ad—apprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to lay hold of, seize, grasp.con—comprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch, arrest;understand.dē—dēprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch;surprise, detect, discover.re—reprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to hold back, check;blame, criticise, reprove.
ad—apprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to lay hold of, seize, grasp.
con—comprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch, arrest;understand.
dē—dēprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to seize, catch;surprise, detect, discover.
re—reprehendō, ere, ī, hēnsus,to hold back, check;blame, criticise, reprove.
premō, ere, pressī, pressus,to press;press hard, crush.
con—comprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to restrain, check, crush.ex—exprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorforce out;utter, express.ob—opprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to crush utterly, overpower, overwhelm, master.re—reprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorkeep back, check, restrain.
con—comprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to restrain, check, crush.
ex—exprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorforce out;utter, express.
ob—opprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to crush utterly, overpower, overwhelm, master.
re—reprimō, ere, pressī, pressus,to pressorkeep back, check, restrain.
pretiōsus[pretium], adj.,of great value, costly, precious.
pretium, ī, n.,money value, price;money;recompense, reward;operae pretium est,it is worth while.
prex, precis, f.,a prayer, entreaty(chiefly in pl.).
prīdem, adv.,long since, long ago.
prīdiē[pri(or)+diē], adv.,the day before.
prīmō, seeprior.
prīmōrēs, um[prīmus], pl. m.,first men, chiefs, nobles.
prīmum, seeprior.
prīmus, seeprior.
prīnceps, ipis[prīmus+capiō], adj.,first, foremost. As noun, m.,leading man, chief, leader.
prīncipium, ī[prīnceps], n.,beginning.
prior, us, gen.priōris, comp. adj.,foremost, first, prior; sup.prīmus,first, foremost;prīmō, prīmum,at first, first.
Prīscus, ī, m., cognomen ofTarquinius Prīscus, the fifth king of Rome.
prius[neuter ofprior], adv.,before, sooner, previously, first of all.
priusquamorprius . . . quam[prius+quam], conj.,earlier than, before.
prīvātim[prīvātus], adv.,individually;by one’s self, privately.
prīvātus[prīvō], adj.,personal, private, individual. As noun,prīvātus, ī, m.,a man in private life, a private citizen.
prīvō, āre, āvī, ātus,to bereave, deprive, rob.
prō, prep. with abl.,in front of, before;in behalf of, for;instead of;in comparison with, in accordance with; in composition,forth, for.
prō, interj.,O! ah! alas! Heavens!
proavus, ī[prō+avus], m.,great-grandfather.
probō, āre, āvī, ātus[probus,good],to test(and find good),approve, commend;show, prove.
ad—approbō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve fully, favor;show, demonstrate.con—comprobō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve, sanction;confirm.
ad—approbō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve fully, favor;show, demonstrate.
con—comprobō, āre, āvī, ātus,to approve, sanction;confirm.
Proca, ae, m., a king of Alba Longa, father of Numitor and Amulius.
prōcēdō, seecēdō.
procella, ae, f.,a strong wind;storm.
prōcēritās, ātis[prōcērus,tall], f.,height, tallness.
prōclāmō, seeclāmō.
prōcōnsul, is[prō,in place of+cōnsul], m.,a proconsul, governor of a province. Seecōnsul(end).
procul, adv.,in the distance, afar; with abl.,far from.
Proculus, ī, m., a Roman senator who claimed that Romulus appeared to him after his death.
prōcumbō, see*cumbō.
prōcūrō, seecūrō.
prōdigium, ī, n.,an omen, portent;strange being, prodigy, monster.
prōditiō, ōnis[prōdō], f.,treason.
prōditor, ōris[prōdō], m.,a traitor.
prōdō, seedō.
proelior, ārī, ātus sum[proelium],to fight, wage war.
proelium, ī, n.,a battle, combat.
profectō[prō+factum], adv.,indeed, in truth, certainly, to be sure.
prōferō, seeferō.
proficīscor, ī, profectus sum,to set out, proceed;depart.
profiteor, seefateor.
prōflīgō, see*flīgō.
profugiō, seefugiō.
profugus, ī[profugiō], m.,a fugitive, exile.
profundō, seefundō.
profūsus[orig. part. ofprofundō], adj.,lavish, extravagant, profuse.
prōgredior, seegradior.
prohibeō, seehabeō.
prōiciō, seeiaciō.
proinde[prō+inde], adv.,hence, therefore.
prōlābor, seelābor.
prōmineō, ēre, uī, —,to project, extend, lean out.
prōmissus[orig. part. ofprōmittō], adj.,hanging down, long, flowing.
prōmissum, ī[prōmittō], n.,a promise.
prōmittō, seemittō.
prōmoveō, seemoveō.
prōmptē[prōmptus], adv.,quickly, readily.
prōmptus[prōmō,to put forth], adj.,visible, at hand;ready, alert, prompt.
pronepōs, ōtis[prō+nepōs], m.,great-grandson.
prōnūntiō, seenūntiō.
propāgō, āre, āvī, ātus,to propagate, increase, prolong.
prope, adv.,near by;nearly, almost(esp. with numbers): comp.propius; sup.proximē,nearest, next.
prōpellō, seepellō.
properō, āre, āvī, ātum[properus,quick],to speed, hasten.
propinquus[prope], adj.,neighboring, near; as noun,a relative.
propior[prope], comp. adj.,nearer; sup.proximus,nearest, next;latest, last;next, following;in proximō,near by. As noun,proximī, ōrum, pl. m.,bystanders.
prōpōnō, seepōnō.
prōpositum, ī[prōpōnō], n.,plan, purpose.
propriē[proprius], adv.,peculiarly, especially.
proprius, adj.,own, one’s own; with gen. or dat.,peculiar to, characteristic of.
propter, prep. with acc.,on account of.
prōripiō, seerapiō.
prōrogō, seerogō.
prōscrībō, seescrībō.
prōscrīptiō, ōnis[prōscrībō], f.,a notice of sale;proscription, confiscation.
prōsequor, seesequor.
prōsiliō, seesaliō.
prōspectus, ūs[prōspiciō,to look forward], m.,view, prospect.
prōsperē[prōsperus], adv.,propitiously, successfully.
prōsperus[prō+spēs], adj.,according to one’s hopes, favorable.
prōsternō, seesternō.
prōsum, seesum.
prōtendō, seetendō.
prōtinus, adv.,right on, continuously;at once, immediately.
prōvehō, seevehō.
prōvincia, ae, f.,a province(i.e. a territory outside of Italy under Roman government);sphere of operations.
prōvocō, seevocō.
proximē, seeprope.
proximus, seepropior.
prūdēns, entis[orig.prōvidēns, part.ofprōvideō,to see ahead], adj.,fore-seeing, skillful, clever, prudent.
prūdentia, ae[prūdēns], f.,foresight, practical wisdom, good sense.
psittacus, ī, m.,a parrot.
Ptolemaeus, ī, m., a name borne by the kings of Egypt after the time of Alexander the Great.
pūblicē[pūblicus], adv.,in the name of(by order of)the state, publicly, officially.
pūblicō, āre, āvī, ātus[pūblicus],to open to the public, make public.
pūblicus[orig.populicus: cf.populus], adj.,belonging to the people(state),public;official. As noun,pūblicum, ī, n.,the state treasury.
Pūblius, ī, m., a Roman praenomen.
pudor, ōris, m.,modesty, shame, hesitancy.
puella, ae[dim. ofpuer], f.,a girl.
puer, puerī, m.,a child;boy;slave.
puerīlis, e[puer], adj.,boyish, youthful.
pueritia, ae[puer], f.,childhood;boyhood, youth(extending usually to the 17th year).
pugiō, ōnis, m.,a dagger, dirk.
pūgna, ae, f.,a combat, fight, battle.
pūgnāx, ācis[pūgna], adj.,fond of fighting, combative.
pūgnō, āre, āvī, ātum,to fight;oppose, resist.
ex—expūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to take by storm, capture;overpower, prevail upon.in—impūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, oppose, attack.ob—oppūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, assault, besiege.re—repūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight back, oppose, resist.
ex—expūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to take by storm, capture;overpower, prevail upon.
in—impūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, oppose, attack.
ob—oppūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight against, assault, besiege.
re—repūgnō, āre, āvī, ātus,to fight back, oppose, resist.
pulcher, chra, chrum, adj.,beautiful;excellent, illustrious.
Pulcher, chrī, m.,P. Claudius, a son of A. Claudius Caecus, consul 249B.C.
pullārius, ī[pullus], m.,keeper of the sacred chickens.
pullus, ī, m.,a young animal;chicken.
pulvis, eris, m.,dust.
pungō, ere, pupugī, punctus,to strike, prick, puncture;sting, torment.
Pūnicus, adj.,Phoenician, Punic;Carthaginian(seeCarthāgō).
pūniō, īre, īvī, ītus[poena],to punish.
pūrgō, āre, āvī, ātus[pūrus,clean+agō],to make clean;clear away, excuse.
putō, āre, āvī, ātus,to cleanse(vines by cutting);consider, think, suppose.
am—amputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to cut all round, cut away, lop off.con—computō, āre, āvī, ātus,to sum up, reckon, compute.dis—disputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to weigh, examine;discuss;argue.re—reputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to think over, reflect on, reflect.
am—amputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to cut all round, cut away, lop off.
con—computō, āre, āvī, ātus,to sum up, reckon, compute.
dis—disputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to weigh, examine;discuss;argue.
re—reputō, āre, āvī, ātus,to think over, reflect on, reflect.
Pȳrēnaeus, ī(sc.mōns), m.,the Pyrenees.
Pyrrhus, ī, m., a king of Epirus, who allied himself with Tarentum, and invaded Italy, 280-275B.C.
Q
Q., abbreviation of the nameQuīntus.
quadrāgēsimus[quadrāgintā], num. adj.,fortieth.
quadrāgintā, indecl. num. adj.,forty.
quadrīgae, ārum, pl. f., afour-horse team.
quadringentī, ae, a[quattuor+centum], num. adj.,four hundred.
quaerō, ere, quaesīvī, quaesītus,to seek;ask;get, gain.
ad—adquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to acquire, get, gain.con—conquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to seekorsearch fo;hunt up.re—requīrō, ere, quīsīvī (iī), quīsītus,to seekorsearch for.
ad—adquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to acquire, get, gain.
con—conquīrō, ere, quīsīvī, quīsītus,to seekorsearch fo;hunt up.
re—requīrō, ere, quīsīvī (iī), quīsītus,to seekorsearch for.
quaesō, ere, īvī, —,to seek;beg, pray.
quaestor, ōris[orig.quaesītor; cf.quaerō, quaesō], m.,quaestor, quartermaster, a name given to certain magistrates who had the care of public monies and military supplies, both at Rome and in the provinces.
quaestūra, ae[quaestor], f.,the quaestorship.
quālis, e, adj., (1) interrog.,of what kind? what sort of?(2) rel.,of such a kind, such as, as.
quāliscumque, quālecumque, adj.,of whatsoever kind, of any kind.
quam[(1)quis], adv.,how, how much; after a comp.,than; with a sup.,as possible;quam prīmum,as soon as possible;quamdiū,as long as;tam . . . quam,as . . . so, not only . . . but also.
quamquam, conj.,although, even if.
quamvīs[quam+vīs, fromvolō], adv. and conj.,howevermuch, although.
quandōquidem[quandō,since+quidem], conj.,since indeed.
quantus[quam], adj., (1) interr.,how great? how much?(2) rel., correl. totantus,as great as, as.
quantum, adv.,how much? how far?
quāpropter[(1)quis+propter], adv.; (1) interr.,why? wherefore?(2) rel.,for which reason, wherefore.
quāre[quā+rē], adv., (1) interr.,why?(2) rel.,for which reason, wherefore, therefore.
quārtāna, ae[quārtus], f. (sc.febris,fever), a fever or ague recurring every fourth day.
quārtus[quattuor], num. adj.,fourth.
quasī, adv. and conj.,as if, just as if, as though, ostensibly;on the ground that.
quater, adv.,four times.
quatiō, ere, —, quassus,to shake, strike.
dē—dēcutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake offordown, strike off.ex—excutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake off, fling off.per—percutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to strike through, pierce;smite, strike;kill, slay;overwhelm, shock.
dē—dēcutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake offordown, strike off.
ex—excutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to shake off, fling off.
per—percutiō, ere, cussī, cussus,to strike through, pierce;smite, strike;kill, slay;overwhelm, shock.
quattuor, indecl. num. adj.,four.
que, conj., enclitic,and, and yet, but.
queror, ī, questus sum,to complain.
con—conqueror, ī, questus sum,to complain bitterly, lament, deplore.
questus, ūs[queror], m.,complaint, lament.
(1)quī, quae, quod, interr. pron., used adjectively,which? what? what kind of?See (1)quis.
(2)quī, quae, quod, rel. pron.,who, which, what, that;whoever, whatever.
(3)quī, quae, orqua, quod, indef. pron., used adjectively,any, some.
(4)quī[old abl. of (1)quī], adv.,how?
quia, conj.,because, since.
quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque, indef. rel. pron.,whoever, whichever, whatever.
quīdam, quaedam, quiddam, and as adj.,quoddam, indef. pron.,a certain one, somebody;a certain.
quidem, adv.,indeed, in fact, to be sure;nē . . . quidem,not even, not at all.
quiēs, ētis, f.,rest, sleep, quiet, respite.
quiētus[orig. part, ofquiēscō,to be at rest],quiet, peaceful.
quīn[(4)quī+nē], conj.,how not? why not;that, that not, but that;quīn etoretiam,nay more.
Quīntilius, ī, m., gentile name ofP. Quīntilius Vārus, an officer of Augustus, who sustained a severe defeat at the hands of the Germans,B.C.9.
Quīntīlis, is[Quīntus], m. (sc.mēnsis),July, the fifth month (counting from March. SeeDecember).
quīndecemvir, ī[quīndecem,fifteen+vir], m.,a member of a board of fifteen men.
quīngentī, ae, a[quīnque+centum], num. adj.,five hundred.
quīnquāgintā, indecl. num. adj.,fifty.
quīnque, indecl. num. adj.,five.
quīnquennium, ī[quīnque+annus], n.,a period of five years.
quīnquiēs[quīnque], adv.,five times.
quīntus[quīnque], num. adj.,fifth.
Quīntus, ī, m., a praenomen.
quīppe, adv.,indeed, as you see, surely.
Quirīnālis, is(sc.collis), m.,the Quirinal, one of the hills of Rome.
Quirīnus, ī, m., a name given to Romulus after his death and deification.
Quirītēs, ium[Curēs], pl. m., orig.the people of Cures; later, the name used to denote the Romans in their civil capacity, hence:citizens, Romans. SeeRōmānī.
(1)quis, quid, interr. pron. used substantively,who? which? what?See (1)quī.
(2)quis, qua, quid, indef. pron. used substantively,some one, any one;something, anything. See(3)quī.
quisnam, quaenam, quidnam[(1)quis+nam], interr. pron.,whoorwhat in the world? who? which? what?
quispiam, quaepiam, quodpiamandquidpiam, indef. pron.,some, any, some one.
quisquam, quaequam, quicquam, indef. pron., adj. or noun,any one, anything, any.
quisque, quaeque, quidqueorquodque, indef. pron., noun or adj.,each, every, each one, every one.
quisquis, quicquid, indef. pron.,whoever, whatever, every one who, everything which.
quō[quī], adv. and conj. As adv.,(1) interr.,whither? (2) rel.,whither; as conj.,in order that, that, that thereby.
quōcumque, adv.,whithersoever.
quod, conj.,because, that, in that;as to the fact that, so far as;quod sī,but if.
quōmodo[(1)quī+modus], adv., (1) interr.,how?(2) rel.,in the manner that, as.
quondam, adv.,once, formerly.
quoniam[quom(=cum,since) +iam], conj.,since, because, seeing that.
quoque, conj.,also, too(placed after the word it emphasizes).
quōrsumorquōrsus[orig.quōversus;quō+vertō], adv.,whither?
quotannīs[quot+annus], adv.,each year, yearly.
quoūsque[quō+ūsque,until], adv., (1) interr.,until what time?(2) rel.,until.
R
radius, ī, m.,a staff, rod;beam, ray.
radīx, īcis, f.,a root;foot, base.
rapīna, ae[rapiō], f.,robbery, pillage.
rapiō, ere, rapuī, raptus,to seizeandcarry off, drag off;plunder, destroy;hasten, hurry.