224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑227Waterhouse.↑228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑237Robidé, p. 109.↑238Ibid., p. 262.↑239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑240Robidé, p. 235.↑241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑246Robidé, p. 242.↑247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑255Vetter, p. 91.↑256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑263Ibid., p. 185.↑264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑265Ibid., p. 237.↑266West, pp. 260, 262.↑267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑273Gardiner, p. 429.↑274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑284Hale, p. 36.↑285Radiguet, p. 156.↑286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑287Andree, p. 64.↑288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑290Letourneau, p. 183.↑291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑299Hager, p. 96.↑300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑305Christian, p. 144.↑306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑310Gräffe, p. 94.↑311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑329Willer, l.c.↑330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑227Waterhouse.↑228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑237Robidé, p. 109.↑238Ibid., p. 262.↑239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑240Robidé, p. 235.↑241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑246Robidé, p. 242.↑247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑255Vetter, p. 91.↑256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑263Ibid., p. 185.↑264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑265Ibid., p. 237.↑266West, pp. 260, 262.↑267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑273Gardiner, p. 429.↑274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑284Hale, p. 36.↑285Radiguet, p. 156.↑286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑287Andree, p. 64.↑288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑290Letourneau, p. 183.↑291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑299Hager, p. 96.↑300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑305Christian, p. 144.↑306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑310Gräffe, p. 94.↑311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑329Willer, l.c.↑330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑227Waterhouse.↑228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑237Robidé, p. 109.↑238Ibid., p. 262.↑239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑240Robidé, p. 235.↑241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑246Robidé, p. 242.↑247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑255Vetter, p. 91.↑256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑263Ibid., p. 185.↑264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑265Ibid., p. 237.↑266West, pp. 260, 262.↑267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑273Gardiner, p. 429.↑274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑284Hale, p. 36.↑285Radiguet, p. 156.↑286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑287Andree, p. 64.↑288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑290Letourneau, p. 183.↑291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑299Hager, p. 96.↑300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑305Christian, p. 144.↑306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑310Gräffe, p. 94.↑311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑329Willer, l.c.↑330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑227Waterhouse.↑228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑237Robidé, p. 109.↑238Ibid., p. 262.↑239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑240Robidé, p. 235.↑241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑246Robidé, p. 242.↑247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑255Vetter, p. 91.↑256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑263Ibid., p. 185.↑264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑265Ibid., p. 237.↑266West, pp. 260, 262.↑267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑273Gardiner, p. 429.↑274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑284Hale, p. 36.↑285Radiguet, p. 156.↑286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑287Andree, p. 64.↑288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑290Letourneau, p. 183.↑291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑299Hager, p. 96.↑300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑305Christian, p. 144.↑306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑310Gräffe, p. 94.↑311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑329Willer, l.c.↑330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑227Waterhouse.↑228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑237Robidé, p. 109.↑238Ibid., p. 262.↑239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑240Robidé, p. 235.↑241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑246Robidé, p. 242.↑247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑255Vetter, p. 91.↑256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑263Ibid., p. 185.↑264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑265Ibid., p. 237.↑266West, pp. 260, 262.↑267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑273Gardiner, p. 429.↑274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑284Hale, p. 36.↑285Radiguet, p. 156.↑286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑287Andree, p. 64.↑288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑290Letourneau, p. 183.↑291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑299Hager, p. 96.↑300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑305Christian, p. 144.↑306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑310Gräffe, p. 94.↑311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑329Willer, l.c.↑330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑
224Wilkes, III, pp. 81, 108.↑
225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑
225Williams, pp. 32, 53.↑
226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑
226Seemann, pp. 196, 179, 180.↑
227Waterhouse.↑
227Waterhouse.↑
228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑
228Erskine, pp. 456, 457, 420, 438, 458.↑
229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑
229Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 202.↑
230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑
230Hagen and Pineau; Inglis; Somerville, New Hebrides.↑
231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑
231Danks; Pfeil, p. 78.↑
232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑
232Hahl, p. 77; Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 159, 172, 173.↑
233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑
233Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 264; Romilly, Western Pacific.↑
234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑
234Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, pp. 380, 396–398, 443.↑
235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑
235Meinicke,Die Torresstrasse, p. 116; Haddon, p. 355. See also Hunt’s Ethnogr. notes on the Murray Islands, Torres Straits, in which no mention is made of slaves.↑
236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑
236Bink, p. 325; Krieger, p. 413; Koning.↑
237Robidé, p. 109.↑
237Robidé, p. 109.↑
238Ibid., p. 262.↑
238Ibid., p. 262.↑
239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑
239Moolenburgh, p. 180.↑
240Robidé, p. 235.↑
240Robidé, p. 235.↑
241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑
241Van der Roest, p. 157.↑
242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑
242Goudswaard, pp. 27, 51; see also Ottow and Geissler, pp. 115, 118.↑
243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑
243Van Hasselt in Z. E. VIII, pp. 191 sqq.; Van Hasselt inTijds.XXXI, pp. 583, 584, XXXII, pp 270, 272; De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 619.↑
244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑
244Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., pp. 454, 456; Robidé, pp. 64, 65, 76, 94, 228; see alsoNieuw-Guinea, p. 149.↑
245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑
245Rosenberg, Mal. Arch., p. 532; Rosenberg,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 90.↑
246Robidé, p. 242.↑
246Robidé, p. 242.↑
247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑
247Bruijn, pp. 103, 104; Robidé, p. 59.↑
248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑
248De Clercq,Nieuw-Guinea, p. 459; Strauch, p. 30.↑
249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑
249Robidé, pp. 300, 305, 306.↑
250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑
250Nieuw-Guinea, pp. 116, 128.↑
251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑
251Ibid., pp. 158, 163.↑
252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑
252Thomson, British New Guinea, pp. 52, 63, 157,158.↑
253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑
253Turner, Motu; d’Albertis; Beardmore; Romilly, Verandah; Chalmers, see especially p. 326; Guise.↑
254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑
254Maclay; Finsch,Samoafahrten, p. 80.↑
255Vetter, p. 91.↑
255Vetter, p. 91.↑
256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑
256Kohler,Das Recht der Papuas, p. 389 (on the authority of Bamler).↑
257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑
257Hagen,Unter den Papuas, p. 220; see also Vallentin, p. 634.↑
258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑
258See Kunze’s minute description, in which slavery is not mentioned.↑
259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑
259Thomson, New Zealand, pp. 149, etc.; Polack, I pp. 35, 36, etc., II pp. 52–59, etc.; Tregear, p. 113; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 206; Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, I p. 326; Letourneau, pp. 173–182; Weisz, pp. 22, 24, 28, 30; Taylor, pp. 165, 167, 185, 189, 191,etc.; Brown, New Zealand, pp. 29, 30; Yate, pp. 120, 121.↑
260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑
260Meinicke, l.c. II. p. 185.↑
261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑
261Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑
262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑
262Ibid., pp. 170–185.↑
263Ibid., p. 185.↑
263Ibid., p. 185.↑
264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑
264Mariner, II pp. 153, 349, 350.↑
265Ibid., p. 237.↑
265Ibid., p. 237.↑
266West, pp. 260, 262.↑
266West, pp. 260, 262.↑
267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑
267Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 170.↑
268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑
268Meinicke, l.c. II p. 122.↑
269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑
269Wilkes, II p. 159.↑
270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑
270Turner, Samoa, p. 192.↑
271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑
271Krämer,Die Samoa-Inseln, II p. 341.↑
272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑
272Gerland; Meinicke; Turner; Von Bülow.↑
273Gardiner, p. 429.↑
273Gardiner, p. 429.↑
274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑
274Meinicke, l.c., II p. 148; Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 199.↑
275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑
275Ellis, Pol. Res., III p. 95.↑
276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑
276J. Wilson, III pp. 127–129.↑
277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑
277Moerenhout, II pp. 8, 47.↑
278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑
278Ellis, Pol. Res., IV pp. 161, 160, 413.↑
279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑
279Wilkes, IV p. 35.↑
280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑
280Chamisso, in Kotzebue, p. 149.↑
281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑
281Remy, pp. LXI–LXVI, XL.↑
282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑
282Meinicke, l.c., pp. 303, 304.↑
283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑
283Marcuse, p. 116. On p. 114, however, he states that they spared the lives of their captives only when they intended them to be sacrificed later on to their gods.↑
284Hale, p. 36.↑
284Hale, p. 36.↑
285Radiguet, p. 156.↑
285Radiguet, p. 156.↑
286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑
286Meinicke, l.c., II p. 254.↑
287Andree, p. 64.↑
287Andree, p. 64.↑
288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑
288Moerenhout, II p. 31.↑
289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑
289Waitz-Gerland, VI p. 216.↑
290Letourneau, p. 183.↑
290Letourneau, p. 183.↑
291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑
291Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 194.↑
292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑
292Wilkes, I p. 357.↑
293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑
293Moerenhout, II p. 191.↑
294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑
294Geiseler, pp. 30, 31, 41.↑
295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑
295Parkinson,Dreissig Jahre, p. 528.↑
296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑
296Meinicke,Die Gilbert- und Marshall-Inseln, p. 409; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 122.↑
297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑
297Hernsheim, p. 80.↑
298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑
298Kubary,Die Ebongruppe, pp. 36, 37.↑
299Hager, p. 96.↑
299Hager, p. 96.↑
300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑
300Senfft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 431, 442, 439, 441, 443.↑
301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑
301Krämer, Hawaii etc., p. 430.↑
302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑
302Kohler,Das Recht der Marschallinsulaner, Z. V. R. XIV pp. 427, 428, 431.↑
303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑
303Krämer, Hawaii etc., pp. 450, 451.↑
304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑
304Jung, pp. 67–70.↑
305Christian, p. 144.↑
305Christian, p. 144.↑
306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑
306Waitz-Gerland V, 2 p. 118.↑
307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑
307Ibid., pp. 120, 121.↑
308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑
308Kubary,Mortlock-Inseln, p. 246.↑
309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑
309Kubary, quoted by Schmeltz and Krause, p. 373.↑
310Gräffe, p. 94.↑
310Gräffe, p. 94.↑
311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑
311Krämer,Studienreise, p. 179.↑
312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑
312Volkens,Ueber die Karolinen-Insel Yap.↑
313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑
313Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 pp. 112–114.↑
314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑
314Kubary,Soc. Einr. der Pelauer, p. 72.↑
315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑
315Kubary,Die Palau Inseln, p. 232.↑
316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑
316Semper,Die Pelau-Inseln, pp. 36, 79.↑
317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑
317This is also proved (if any further proof were needed) by Kubary’s detailed description of fishing and agriculture: the former is carried on by the men, the latter by the women; nowhere is any mention made of slaves. Kubary,Industrie der Pelau-Insulaner, pp. 123 sqq., 156 sqq.↑
318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑
318Wilkes, pp. 88, 95.↑
319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑
319Meinicke,Die Inseln des stillen Oceans, II p. 340.↑
320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑
320Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑
321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑
321Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, pp. 98, 99, 39.↑
322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑
322Parkinson,Gilbertinsulaner, p. 43.↑
323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑
323Krämer, Hawaii, etc., p. 333.↑
324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑
324Schurtz,Katechismus, p. 230; Waitz-Gerland, V, 2 p. 124.↑
325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑
325De Morgan, Exploration, divisions:Linguistique(see especially p. 17), and:Ethnographie; Skeat and Blagden, I p. 515; Vaughan Stevens; Montano; Borie; Favre; Newbold; Hervey.↑
326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑
326Brenner, pp. 341, 342; Junghuhn, II pp. 150–152.↑
327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑
327Neumann T. A. G. 2nd series, part IV, pp. 26–41.↑
328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
328Heijting, pp. 246–249; “Résumé’s”, pp. 55, 56; Willer, pp. 43–47; see also Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
329Willer, l.c.↑
329Willer, l.c.↑
330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑
330Westenberg, Verslag, p. 76; Westenberg, Nota, pp. 113, 114.↑
331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑
331Van Dijk,Si Baloengoen, p. 158; Westenberg, Nota, p. 107;Mededeelingen, etc., pp. 580, 585.↑
332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑
332Meerwaldt, p. 541.↑