554Theal, p. 161.↑555Galton, p. 142.↑556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑562Ibid., p. 312.↑563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑572Magyar, I p. 80.↑573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑578Storch, p. 323.↑579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑585Hore, p. 11.↑586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑587Dale, p. 230.↑588Hermann, p. 55.↑589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑590Storch, p. 326.↑591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑593Baumann, p. 214.↑594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑595Baumann, p. 237.↑596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑605Duloup, p. 222.↑606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑635Buchholz, p. 178.↑636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑649Roscoe, p. 100.↑650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑555Galton, p. 142.↑556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑562Ibid., p. 312.↑563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑572Magyar, I p. 80.↑573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑578Storch, p. 323.↑579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑585Hore, p. 11.↑586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑587Dale, p. 230.↑588Hermann, p. 55.↑589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑590Storch, p. 326.↑591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑593Baumann, p. 214.↑594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑595Baumann, p. 237.↑596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑605Duloup, p. 222.↑606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑635Buchholz, p. 178.↑636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑649Roscoe, p. 100.↑650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑555Galton, p. 142.↑556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑562Ibid., p. 312.↑563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑572Magyar, I p. 80.↑573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑578Storch, p. 323.↑579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑585Hore, p. 11.↑586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑587Dale, p. 230.↑588Hermann, p. 55.↑589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑590Storch, p. 326.↑591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑593Baumann, p. 214.↑594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑595Baumann, p. 237.↑596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑605Duloup, p. 222.↑606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑635Buchholz, p. 178.↑636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑649Roscoe, p. 100.↑650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑555Galton, p. 142.↑556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑562Ibid., p. 312.↑563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑572Magyar, I p. 80.↑573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑578Storch, p. 323.↑579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑585Hore, p. 11.↑586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑587Dale, p. 230.↑588Hermann, p. 55.↑589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑590Storch, p. 326.↑591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑593Baumann, p. 214.↑594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑595Baumann, p. 237.↑596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑605Duloup, p. 222.↑606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑635Buchholz, p. 178.↑636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑649Roscoe, p. 100.↑650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑555Galton, p. 142.↑556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑562Ibid., p. 312.↑563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑572Magyar, I p. 80.↑573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑578Storch, p. 323.↑579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑585Hore, p. 11.↑586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑587Dale, p. 230.↑588Hermann, p. 55.↑589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑590Storch, p. 326.↑591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑593Baumann, p. 214.↑594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑595Baumann, p. 237.↑596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑605Duloup, p. 222.↑606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑635Buchholz, p. 178.↑636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑649Roscoe, p. 100.↑650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑
554Theal, p. 161.↑
555Galton, p. 142.↑
555Galton, p. 142.↑
556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑
556Rautanen, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 336, 335, 342. The Ondonga are perhaps identical with the Ovampo, see Steinmetz, ibid., p. 326.↑
557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑
557Andersson, I pp. 247, 248.↑
558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑
558Hahn, Die Ovaherero; Haarhoff.↑
559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑
559Fritsch, p. 364; see also Waitz-Gerland, II p. 391.↑
560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑
560Viehe, inSteinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 304, 305, 302.↑
561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑
561Kohler,Das Recht der Herero, pp. 311, 312.↑
562Ibid., p. 312.↑
562Ibid., p. 312.↑
563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑
563Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 322; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 597.↑
564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑
564Holub,Süd-Afrika, II pp. 331, 348, 350, etc.; Livingstone, Miss.Trav., p. 318; Serpa Pinto, II p. 42.↑
565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑
565Holub,Süd-Afrika; Livingstone, Miss. Trav.; Mauch.↑
566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑
566Holub, l.c. II p. 241.↑
567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑
567Magyar, I pp. 286–290, etc.↑
568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑
568Cameron, II pp. 164, 167.↑
569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑
569Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 165, 134, 226, etc.; Livingstone, Last Journ., I p. 237.↑
570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑
570Peters, pp. 395, 394.↑
571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑
571Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 45, 46, 51.↑
572Magyar, I p. 80.↑
572Magyar, I p. 80.↑
573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑
573Macdonald, East Central African Customs, pp. 101, 102.↑
574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑
574Livingstone, Zambesi, p. 396.↑
575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑
575Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 618.↑
576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑
576Beverley, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 213.↑
577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑
577Lang, ibid., pp. 240–242; Storch, p. 319.↑
578Storch, p. 323.↑
578Storch, p. 323.↑
579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑
579Weule, pp. 55, 56.↑
580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑
580Weule, pp. 123, 124.↑
581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑
581Von Schele, pp, 71, 72.↑
582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑
582Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Merker).↑
583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑
583Baumann, p. 237; Kohler,Das Banturecht, pp. 42–45 (after Puder). On the Msalala, a division of the Wanyamwesi, see also Desoignies, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 278.↑
584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑
584Angus, pp. 317, 323.↑
585Hore, p. 11.↑
585Hore, p. 11.↑
586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑
586Kraft, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 291.↑
587Dale, p. 230.↑
587Dale, p. 230.↑
588Hermann, p. 55.↑
588Hermann, p. 55.↑
589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑
589Fülleborn, p. 383.↑
590Storch, p. 326.↑
590Storch, p. 326.↑
591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑
591Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, I pp. 102, 139.↑
592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑
592Peters, pp. 284, 285.↑
593Baumann, p. 214.↑
593Baumann, p. 214.↑
594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑
594Thomson, Centr. Afr. Lakes, II p. 222.↑
595Baumann, p. 237.↑
595Baumann, p. 237.↑
596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑
596Von Höhnel, p. 318.↑
597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑
597Stuhlmann, pp. 492–529.↑
598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑
598Thomson, Massai; Johnston; Von Höhnel.↑
599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑
599Ward in J. A. I. 1895, p. 287; De Bas, p. 173.↑
600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑
600Phillips, pp. 223, 224.↑
601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑
601Magyar, I pp. 213–216, etc.↑
602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑
602Schütt, pp. 115, 139, 140.↑
603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑
603Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, pp. 21, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 194, 195; Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑
604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑
604Lenz, pp. 39, 40.↑
605Duloup, p. 222.↑
605Duloup, p. 222.↑
606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑
606Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 93, 95, 96.↑
607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑
607Buchholz, pp. 96, 97, 190, 200, 201, 85; see also Kohler,Negerrecht, pp. 10, 24, 25, 34.↑
608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑
608Coquilhat, pp. 500–502.↑
609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑
609Coquilhat, pp. 85, 86, 122; Ward, Cannibals, pp. 105, 106, 302; Dupont, pp. 210, 231–233; Johnston, The river Congo, p. 396; Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 139.↑
610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑
610Coquilhat, pp. 232, 296, 297, 365, 366; Ward, Cannibals, p. 132.↑
611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑
611Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 82, 158.↑
612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑
612Livingstone, Last Journ., II pp. 131, 132, 29, 62, 63.↑
613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑
613Wolff, pp. 206, 207.↑
614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑
614Lenz, pp. 53, 218; Compiègne, Okanda, pp. 62, 65.↑
615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑
615Coquilhat, pp. 149, 157, 169.↑
616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑
616Schütt, pp. 38, 41.↑
617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑
617Compiègne,Gabonais, pp. 114, 130, 141.↑
618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑
618On the Bakundu, Banyang, Batom and Mabum, see Hutter, pp. 259 sqq.↑
619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑
619Hutter, pp. 341 sqq.↑
620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑
620Torday and Joyce, Ba-Mbala, p. 411.↑
621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑
621Torday and Joyce, Ba-Yaka, p. 46.↑
622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑
622Torday and Joyce, Ba-Huana, p. 286.↑
623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑
623Torday and Joyce, Congo Free State, p. 150.↑
624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑
624Zenker, pp. 48, 49, 67.↑
625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑
625Hoesemann, pp. 176,177.↑
626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑
626Leuschner, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, p. 21; Schwarz as quoted ibidem.↑
627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑
627Magyar; Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑
628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑
628Serpa Pinto; Capello and Ivens.↑
629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑
629Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 5, 7.↑
630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑
630Schütt, pp. 79, 90, 113; Livingstone, Miss. Trav., p. 435; Capello and Ivens, pp. 314, 325, etc.↑
631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑
631Pogge, Muata Jamwo, pp. 35, 36, 39, 40.↑
632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑
632Buchholz, p. 178; Lenz, p. 256; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 159. Bennett, in his article on the Fans, makes no mention of slavery.↑
633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑
633Steinmetz,Rechtsverhältnisse, pp. 42, 43; see also pp. 41, 51, 54 ibidem.↑
634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑
634Winwood Reade, p. 259.↑
635Buchholz, p. 178.↑
635Buchholz, p. 178.↑
636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑
636Compiègne, Okanda, p. 84; Lenz, p. 240.↑
637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑
637Coquilhat; Ward, Cannibals; Dupont; Wissmann,im Inneren Afrikas; Guiral,p. 150.↑
638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑
638Coquilhat, p. 424.↑
639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑
639Cameron, II pp. 110, 111.↑
640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑
640Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 240, 241.↑
641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑
641Wissmann,Zweite Durchquerung, p. 115.↑
642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑
642Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 93; l.c. note; Pogge’sAufenthalt, pp. 381, 382.↑
643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑
643Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, pp. 141, 145, 146.↑
644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑
644Lenz, pp. 281–283.↑
645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑
645Wissmann,Im Inneren Afrikas, p. 36.↑
646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑
646Wissmann,Unter deutscher Flagge, I p. 147; Pogge’sAufenthalt, p. 309.↑
647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑
647Wilson and Felkin, I pp.161, 186, 193; Baskerville, in Steinmetz’sRechtsverhältnisse, pp. 193, 194.↑
648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑
648Chaillé Long; Junker; Wilson and Felkin.↑
649Roscoe, p. 100.↑
649Roscoe, p. 100.↑
650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑
650Richter,Der Bezirk Bukoba, p. 87.↑
651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑
651Bastian,Geogr.undEthn. Bilder, p. 143; Hutchinson, pp. 133, 141–145; Compiègne,Gabonais, p. 87; Lander, III p. 321; Walker, pp. 120–123.↑
652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑
652Bastian, l.c. p. 166; Köler, pp. 84, 153–155, 164; Compiègne, l.c. p. 78; De Cardi, in Kingsley, West African studies, pp. 516, 517, 522–526.↑
653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑
653Hutchinson, p. 99; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 471–476.↑
654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑
654Bosman, II p. 228; Bastian, l.c. p. 175; De Cardi, ibid., pp. 452–454.↑
655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑
655Zündel, pp. 387, 407, 408; Herold, pp. 168–170. On the slave system of the Ewe-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Ewe-speaking peoples, pp. 218–221.↑
656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑
656Burton, II pp. 74, 248.↑
657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑
657Hagen, Porto-Novo, p. 97.↑
658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑
658Lander, I p. 37; Staudinger, p. 16. On the slave system of the Yoruba-speaking peoples in general, see Ellis, Yoruba-speaking peoples, pp. 178, 182.↑
659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑
659Bowdich, pp. 151, 157, 159, 205, 209. The natives of Ashanti belong to the Tshi-speaking peoples of the Gold Coast. On slavery among these peoples in general, see Ellis, Tshi-speaking peoples, pp. 289–295, and Bosman, I pp. 126, 187.↑
660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑
660Finsch,Goldküste, pp. 359–361.↑
661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑
661Harris, pp. 27–30.↑