Aays, not to be confounded with Ayas,225n.;Moscoso at,243;Indians of, give battle,243.See alsoAyas.Açamor, mentioned,126.Acaxes, Indians of Culiacan,345.Acela, town of,155.Acha,seePicuris.Achese, cacique of, addresses De Soto,166-167.Acochis, Indian name for gold,314,337n.,342.Acoma, identification of Acuco with,311n.;visit of Alvarado to,311;description of,311-312;visited by Arellano,316;route to,316;mentioned,358;worship of cross at,384.Acoma Indians, water supply of,312.Acosta, Maria de, wife of Pedro Castañeda,276.Acoste, cacique of, comes to De Soto,180.Acubadaos Indians,87.Acuco,seeAcoma.Adai Indians,76n.Adobe, making of, described,352.Aguacay, mentioned,237;Moscoso at,238.Aguar, Indian deity,118.Aguas Calientes, pueblos of,359;identification of,359n.Aguenes Indians,84,85.Alabama,183n.Alaniz, Hieronymo, notary, with Narvaez,22;objects to abandonment of ships,23;death of,57.Alarcon, Diego de, confusion of, with Alcaraz,324n.Alarcon, Hernando de, expedition of by sea,294;narrative of,279,294n.;message of, found by Diaz,303.Alarcon, Pedro de,294n.Albino, Indian,332n.Alcaraz, Diego de, meeting with Cabeza de Vaca,112-113;his need of food,113;returns from incursion,119;lieutenant of Diaz,303,324;inefficiency of,326;death of,371.Aleman, Juan, name given Indian of Tiguex,317,321.Alimamos, overtakes De Soto,177.Alimamu, an Indian chief,195,200.Alligators, do harm to Indians,143;in rivers of New Galicia,378.Almirantazgo, or Isle of Negroes,386n.Altamaca,seeAltamaha.Altamaha,167n.Altamaha River,167n.Alvarado, Hernando de, appointed captain,293;protects Coronado at Cibola,301;expedition of, to Rio Grande,311;report of,279,311n.;visits Acoma,311;imprisons Pecos chiefs,315;route of,316n.;at Braba,341.Alvarado, Pedro de, expedition of, to Peru,288;deeds of,380.Alvarez, death of,6.Amaye, Moscoso at,238.Aminoya, Spaniards hear of,248;take quarters at,249;brigantines built at,250.Amushungkwa, a Jemez pueblo,359n.Anagados Indians,71n.Anane, a fruit,140.Añasco, Juan de,135;sent by De Soto to explore harbor in Florida,145;goes to Espiritu Santo,162;sent in quest of habitations,171;finds a town twelve leagues off,171;makes road through the woods,172;sent on a reconnoissance,200,228,229;advises Moscoso to put out to sea,260;and does so with him,261;meets with opposition from those with him,261-262;again advises putting out to sea,264.Anguille River,215n.Anhayca Apalache, De Soto at,161,162,164.Anhocan, Cabeza de Vaca at,116.Anilco,227,228,245,248,249.See alsoNilco.Animals, of Apalachen,29;of Florida, mentioned by the Gentleman of Elvas,271-272.Anoixi, De Soto takes many inhabitants of,222.Antonio de Santa Maria, Franciscan friar,288.Antonio Victoria, friar, accident of,299.Apalache, mentioned,161;has much maize,156,226;distance from, to Cutifachiqui,188;direction and distance of, from Espiritu Santo,271,272.See alsoApalachen.Apalachee Indians, war against, by Creeks,21n.;by English,21n.;overcome by Cabeza de Vaca,28;attack the Spaniards,30,31;eastern tribes of,330n.;mentioned,349n.Apalachen, indicated to Narvaez as source of gold,21-22;taken by the Spanish,28;region of, described,29-30;climate of, is cold,29;animals of,29.Apalachicola, town on Savannah River,21n.Appalachian Mountains, origin of name of,21n.Appalachee Bay, origin of name of,21n.Aquiguate, largest town seen by De Soto in Florida,214;De Soto returns to,215;country of, described,215.Aquixo,227,270;direction of,271.Aquixo, cacique of, comes to De Soto,203;loses five or six of his men, shot by crossbowmen,203;and ten, killed by De Soto's cavalry,205.Arache, province of,365.Arawakan Indians,21;dance ceremony of,52n.Arbadaos Indians,80.Arche,seeHarahey.Areitos, among Indians of Malhado,held in honor of Cabeza de Vaca,89.Arellano, Tristan de, appointment of, as captain,292;lieutenant to Coronado,298,335;at Corazones,301,303;arrives at Cibola,313;route of,315n.;at Tiguex,317,339;attacks Cicuye,341.Arispe,seeArizpe.Aristotle, quoted,134.Arizpe,347n.Arkadelphia,238n.Arkansas city,227n.Arkansas Post,226n.Arkansas River,222n.,248n.,249n.Artillery, at Culiacan,297;used by Indians,357;usefulness of, in exploration,386.Astorga, Marquis of, learns what Cabeza de Vaca relates to the Emperor regarding New Spain,137.Astudillo, a native of Çafra, to seek Panuco,49.Asturian, the, with Figueroa,61,64;seen by the Avavares,79.Asturiano, a clergyman,68,69.Astyalakwa, a Jemez pueblo,359n.Atabalipa, lord of Peru,135,175.Atayos Indians,76,87.Atchafalaya, lower course of Red River,261n.Attacapan Indians,51n.,363n.Audiencia, definition of,285n.Audiencia of Española, report to,8;edition of report by Oviedo,8,10.Auia, island of,49;probably not Malhado Island,49n.Aute, town south of Apalachen,30,31;reached by Narvaez,32.Autiamque, mentioned,221,225,227,237;De Soto winters at,222-224;distance to Guacay,270;direction of,271.Avavares Indians, receive Cabeza de Vaca,73;healed by him,6-7,78;ignorant of time,79.Avellaneda, killed by an Indian,32.Avila, Pedro de, leader in rebellion at Suya,370.Awatobi, Hopi pueblo,307n.,358n.Axille, De Soto at,161.Ayas, Moscoso crosses river at,248.Ayays, not to be confounded with Aays,225n.;De Soto at,225.Ayllon, Governor-licentiate, death of,174.Aymay, named Socorro,171;De Soto at,172;location of,172n.Azores, mentioned,122.Bacallaos, Spanish name for Newfoundland,343n.,360.Badthing, story of,78-79.Baegert, Father Jacob, on Indians of lower California,346n.Bahíos,108.See alsoBuhíos.Baldwyn, Mississippi,212n.Bandelier, A. F., researches on the Seven Cities,287n.;on Topira,290n.;on Cicuye,355n.Bandelier, A. F. and Fanny,Journey of Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca, cited,22n.,59,87n.,102n.,103n.Baracoa, town in Cuba,142.Barbacoa, a store house for maize,165.Barbels, native American fish,349.Barrionuevo, Francisco de, companion of Coronado,292;at Tiguex,319;explorations of,339-340.Baskett, James Newton, investigations of,326n.Bastian, Francisco, drowning of,225.Batuco, identification of,376n.Báyamo, town in Cuba,142,143.Bayou de Vue,215n.Bayou Macon,255n.Bears, in pueblo region,357.Béjar, mentioned,125.Bermuda, Cabeza de Vaca at,121.Bernalillo, settlement on site of Tiguex,278,317n.Bidai Indians,80n.Biedma, narrative of, cited,40n.;referred to,130n.Big Bayou Meto,225.Big Creek,21,215n.Bigotes,seeWhiskers.Birds, mentioned,29-30,272.Biscayan Indians,115n.Bison, first printed reference to,68n.;described by Cicuye Indians,311;hunted by plains Indians,330,362,363;stampede of,331;Coronado's army supplied with meat of,336;piles of bones of,382;Castañeda's description of,382-383.Black Warrior River,188n.,189n.Blankets, of cotton,350.Blizzard, experienced by Coronado,333.Bog of Pia, breeds mosquitos,144.Boston Mountains,221n.;crossed by De Soto,221.Boyomo, settlement of,347.Braba,seeTaos.Brazos River,58n.,244n.,245n.Bread, maize,271;Indian,303,340,340n.Bridge, built by Spaniards across Cicuye River,329;Indian, across Rio Grande,340.Brigantines, built by Spaniards at Aminoya,250;become separated in the Gulf of Mexico,263.Buffalo,seeBison.Buhíos, Arawak word,19,79.See alsoBahíos.Burgos, André de, printer,134,272.Buriel, cloth used by Franciscan friars,383n.Burning of Indians at stake by Spaniards,320.Caballos, Bahia de,37,162n.See alsoHorses, Bay of.Cabeza de Vaca, Alvar Nuñez, narrative of,1-126;birth and parentage,3;significance of name,3;trades and heals among the Indians,6-7;line of travel,7;character of his chronicle,7;his accomplishment,8;report to Audiencia of Española,8;appointed governor of provinces of Rio de la Plata,8;dies,9;bibliography of theRelacion,10-11;salutation to Charles V.,12;duration of his wandering,13;his idea of the value of his narrative,13;leaves San Lúcar de Barrameda,4,14;is treasurer and high-sheriff,4,14;reaches Santo Domingo,14;proceeds to Trinidad and is overtaken by a terrible storm,15-17;passes winter at Jagua,17;explores mainland of Florida, with Narvaez,4,20;believes it wiser to return to vessels,22-23;refuses to sail in charge of them, preferring to share risks of march into the country,24;goes with forty men to seek a harbor,25-26;enters Apalachen,28;goes from Aute to find the sea,33;embarks in open boat,36;sufferings of his men,38-40;is assaulted by Indians,41;deserted by Narvaez,42;lands on an island among friendly Indians,5,44-45;loses three men, in endeavor to re-embark,46;destitute condition of the survivors,46;aid given by Indians,47-48;is overtaken by Dorantes and Alonzo del Castillo,48;agrees that four of the party shall try to reach Panuco,49;learns Indians believe the Christians are sorcerers,50;names island Malhado,50;heals the sick by breathing on them, and by prayer,53;on the mainland,52,55;his party now numbers fourteen,55;suffers great hardships,56;trafficks among the Indians,56-57;rescues Oviedo from Malhado,57;is left by him,59;finds Dorantes, Castillo, and Estevanico,59-60;waits six months before attempting to escape,60,61,70;is made a slave,61;is forced to postpone escape another year,71;succeeds at last,73;works more cures among the Indians,74,77,78;goes naked,80,81;goes among the Maliacones,80;eats dogs,80,81;barters with Indians,81;performs more cures,91;reaches a mountainous country,92;receives presents from the Indians,92-93;cuts an arrow head out of a wounded native,96-97;reaches the Rio Grande,99;is feared by the Indians because of deaths among them,101;heals the sick,101;goes among the Jumanos,102;calls them the Cow nation,103;starts in search of maize,105;touches and blesses both sick and well,106-107;teaches Christian religion,107;finds news of Christians,109;checks fear among his Indian companions,111;is taken to Diego de Alcaraz,112;joins party of Diego and dismisses his Indian followers,114-115;is received by Melchior Diaz,116;arrives at Mexico,120;at Havana,121;at Lisbon,123;mentioned as a survivor of Narvaez's party,125;disagrees with De Soto,136;mentioned by the Gentleman of Elvas,136,221,246;returns from expedition,288;narrative of,288;in Corazones valley,301;traces of, found by Coronado,332;regard of Indians for,381n.Cabeza de Vaca, Teresa, mother of Nuñez Cabeza de Vaca,3,125.Cabo Cruz,15n.Cabo de Santa Cruz,15.Cabusto,194.Caçabe bread,seeCassava bread.Cache River,215n.Cactus belt, northern limit of,70n.Cahita, synonymous with Sinaloa,346n.Cahoques Indians,87.Calahuchi,161n.Calderon, Captain,155;at Espiritu Santo,162;commands a brigantine,265.Cale, province of, reported to be abundant in gold,154;mentioned,162.California, Gulf of,109n.;explored,304,346;natives of peninsula of,346,346n.Caliquen, reached by De Soto,157.Calpista, mentioned by Ranjel,216n.Caluça, in northeastern part of Mississippi,212.Camolas Indians,87n.Camones Indians, are reported to have killed Peñalosa and Tellez,72.Campo, Andres del, Portuguese companion of Padilla,365,373,385;returns to New Spain,385.Canarreo shoals,18.Canasagua, De Soto at,178.Caney creek,