Chapter 73

Intercession of Christ, 773-775seeChrist.Intercessors, saints on earth are, 775Intercommunicatio, 333Intercommunion of the Persons in the Trinity, 332-334Intermediate State, 998-1003of the righteous, 988, 999of the wicked, 999, 1000not a sleep, 1000not purgatorial, 1000one of incompleteness, 1002a state of thought, 1002sin if preferred in this more spiritual state becomes demoniacal, 1002some place the end of man's probation at the close of the, 1002Intuition, 52, 53, 67, 72, 125, 499Intuition-theory of inspiration, seeInspiration.Intuitional theory of morals, 501reconciled with the empirical theory, 501Intuitions, 52, 53, 67, 248Isaiah, its composite character, 239Islam, 186, 427James, the apostle, his position on Justification, 851Jefferson, Thomas, on a Baptist church as the truest form of democracy, 908Jehovah, 256, 309Jesus, bowing at the name of, 969Jews, the only forward-looking people, 666educated in three great truths, 666, 667above truths presented by three agencies, 667, 668this education first of all by law, 667this education by prophecy, 667this education by judgment, 668[pg 1088]effects of the exile upon, 668as propagators of the gospel, 668authors on Judaism as a preparation for Christ, 668Job, the book of, when written, 241is a dramatic poem, 240, 241John, gospel of, differs from synoptics in its account of Jesus, 143its genuineness, 151, 152compared with Revelation, 151, 152does its characteristic Logos doctrine necessitate a later date?, 320, 321Judas, 884, 1043Judex damnatur cum nocens absolvitur, 293Judge, Christ the final, 1027, 1028Judgment, the last, a final and complete vindication of God's righteousness, 1023, 1024its nature outward, visible, definite in time, 1024, 1025its object, the manifestation of character, and assignment of corresponding condition, 1025, 1026evidences of, and preparation for, already in the nature of man, 1026, 1027single acts and words adduced in, why?, 1027, 1028the judge in, see preceding item, the subjects of, men and evil angels, 1028, 1029the grounds of, the law of God and grace of Christ, 1029list of authors on, 1029Justice of God, 290-295seeGod.Justification, involved in union with Christ, 805the doctrine of, 849-868defined, 849declarative and judicial, 849held as sovereign by Arminians, 849, 855Scriptural proof of, 849, 850its nature determined by Scriptural use of 'justify' and its derivatives, 850-854James and Paul on, 851includes remission of punishment, 854-856a declaration that the sinner is just or free from condemnation of law, 854is pardon or forgiveness as God is regarded as judge or father, 855is on the ground of union with Christ who has borne the penalty, 855includes restoration to favor, 856since it treats the sinner as personally righteous it must give him the rewards of obedience, 856is reconciliation or adoption as God is regarded as friend or father, 857this restoration rests solely on the righteousness of Christ to whom sinner is united by faith, 858its difficult feature stated, 859believed on testimony of Scripture, 860the difficulty in, relieved by three considerations, 860is granted to a sinner in whose stead Christ has borne penalty, 860is bestowed on one who is so united to Christ as to have Christ's life dominating his being, 860is declared of one in whom the present Christ life will infallibly extirpate all remaining depravity, 860its ground is not the infusion into us of righteousness and love (Romish view), 861its ground is not the essential righteousness of Christ become the sinner's by faith, (Osiander) 861its ground is the satisfaction and obedience of Christ the head of a new humanity of which believers are members, 861is ours, not because Christ is in us, but because we are in Christ, 862its relation to regeneration and sanctification delivers it from externality and immorality, 862, 863and sanctification, not different stages of same process, 863a declarative, as distinguished from the efficient acts of God's grace, regeneration and sanctification, 863gifts and graces accompaniments, not consequences of, 864why“by faith”rather than other graces?, 864produced efficiently by grace, meritoriously by Christ, instrumentally by faith, evidentially by works, 865as being complete at the moment of believing, is the ground of peace, 865is instantaneous, complete and final, 867not eternal in the past, 867in, God grants actual pardon for past sin, and virtual pardon for future sin, 867cannot be secured by future obedience, 868must be secured by accepting Christ and manifesting trust and submission by prompt obedience, 868list of authors on, 868Justitia civilis, 639Justus et justificans, 753Kalpa, 352Karen tradition, 116Kenosis, 701, 704, 705Keri and Kethib, 309[pg 1089]“Know,”its meaning in Scripture, 780Knowledge includes faith as a higher sort of, 3, 4, 5analogy to one's nature or experience not necessary to, 7is“recognition and classification,”, 7mental image, not essential to, 7of whole not essential to partial, and of a part, 8may be adequate though not exhaustive, 8involves limitation or definition, 9relative to knowing agent, 10is of the thing as it is, 10though imperfect, valuable, 37requires pre-supposition of an Absolute Reason, 61does not ensure right action, 111, 460aggravates, but is not essential to, sin, 558two kinds of, andscientia media, 357sins of, 649final state of righteous one of, 1029Koran, 115, 186Kung-fu-tse, seeConfucius.Language, difficulty of putting spiritual truths into, 35dead only living, 39not essential to thought, 216defined, 467is the effect, not the cause of mind, 467Law, cause and force known without mental image, 7is method, not cause, 76the transcript of God's nature, 293in general, 533-536its essential idea, 533its implications, 533first used of voluntary agents, 533its use in physics implicitly confesses a Supreme Will, 533its derivation in several languages, 533because of its ineradicable implications,“method”has been suggested as a substitute, 533definitions of, 533, 534cannot reign, 534its generality, 534deals in general rules, 534implies power to enforce, 534, 535without penalty is advice, 535in the case of rational and free agents implies duty and sanctions, 535expresses and demands nature, 535formulates relations arising in nature, 535of God in particular, 536-547elemental, 536-544physical or natural, 536moral law, 537moral law, its implications, 537is discovered, not made, 538not constituted, but tested, by utility, 538of God, what?, 538the method of Christ, 539authors upon, 539not arbitrary, 539not temporary, or provisional, 540not merely negative, 540as seen in Decalogue, 540not addressed to one part of man's nature, 540not outwardly published, 540, 541not limited by man's consciousness of it, 541not local, 541not modifiable, 541not violated even in salvation, 541the ideal of human nature, 542reveals love and mercy mandatorily, 542, 549is all-comprehensive, 542is spiritual, 543is a unit, 543is not now proposed as a method of salvation, 543is a means of discovering and developing sin, 543, 544reminds man of the heights from which he has fallen, 544as positive enactment, 544-547as shown in general moral precepts, 545as shown in ceremonial or special injunctions, 545its positive form a re-enactment of its elemental principles, 545the written, why imperfect?, 546the Puritan mistake in relation to, 546its relation to the grace of God, 547-549is a general expression of God's will, 547is a partial, not an exhaustive, expression of God's nature, 547pantheistic mistake in relation to, 547, 548alone, leaves parts of God's nature to be expressed by gospel, 548is not, Christ is, the perfect image of God, 548not abrogated by grace, but republished and re-enforced, 548of sin and death, 548in the manifestation of grace, combined with a view of the personal love of the Lawgiver, 549its all-embracing requirement, 572identical with the constituent principles of being, 629all-comprehending demand of harmony with God, 637the Mosaic, inspired hope of pardon and access to God, 667[pg 1090]its basis in the nature of God, 764as a moral rule unchanging, 875freedom from, what?, 876believer not free from obligation to observe, 876as a system of penalty, believer free from, 876as a method of salvation, believer free from, 876as an outward and foreign compulsion, believer free from, 876not a sliding scale graduated to one's moral condition, 877God's, as known in conscience and Scripture, a ground of final judgment, 1029Laws of knowing correspond to nature of things, 10of theological thought, laws of God's thought, 10of nature, not violated in miracle, 121of nature, act not merely singly, but in combination, 434, 435“Laying-on of hands,”its significance, 920Letter-missive calling council of ordination, 922Lex, its derivation, 533Licensure, its nature, 919Life contains promise and potency of every form of matter, 91not produced from matter, 93as it ascends, it differentiates, 240not definable, 251not a mere process, 251more than environmental correspondence, 251ascribed to Christ, 309ascribed to Holy Spirit, 315animal, though propagated, not material, 495has power to draw from the putrescent material for its living, 677its various relations honored by being taken into union with Divinity in Christ, 682man's physical, conscious of a life within not subject to will, 799man's spiritual, conscious of life within its life, 799man's natural, preserved by God, much more his spiritual, 883Christian, attains completeness in future, 981sinful, attains completeness in future, 981“book of,”the book of justification, 1029Lineamenta extrema, 614Locutiones variæ, sed non contrariæ;diversæ, sed non adversæ, 227Logos, the whole, present in the man, Christ Jesus, 281John's doctrine of the, radically different from Philo's, 320, 321John's doctrine of the, related to the“memra”doctrine, 320doctrine of the, authorities on, 321significance of term, 335the pre-incarnate, granted to men a natural light of reason and conscience, 603purged of depravity that portion of human nature which he assumed in Incarnation, in the very act of taking it, 677during earthly life of Jesus existed outside of flesh, 704the whole present in Christ, and yet present everywhere else, 704can suffer on earth, and yet reign in heaven at same time, 714his surrender of independent exercise of divine attributes, how best conceived, 705his part in evangelical preparation, 711“Lord of Hosts,”its significance, 448Lord's Day, 410Lord's Supper, 959-980Lord's Supper and Baptism, historical monuments, 151Love, necessary to right use of reason with regard to God, 3, 29, 519, 520its loss obscures rational intuitions of God, 67God's, nature cannot prove it, 84God's immanent, what?, 263not to be confounded with mercy and goodness, 265God's, finds a personal object within the Trinity, 285constitutes a ground of divine blessedness, 285God's transitive, what?, 289God's transitive, is mercy and goodness, 289distinct from holiness, 290, 567attributed to Christ, 309attributed to Holy Spirit, 316revealed in grace rather than in law, 548defined, 567to God, all-embracing requirement of law, 572eternity of God's, an effective element in appeal, 788God's, fixed on sinners of whom he knows the worst, 788God's unchanging, 788God's, has dignity, 1051brotherly, in heaven implies knowledge, 1031Maat, the Egyptian goddess, 1024Maccabees, First, no direct mention of God in, 309[pg 1091]Magister sententiarum, 44Magnetism, personal, what? 820Majestaticum genus, 686Malice, what? 569Malum metaphysicum, what? 424Man, in what sense supernatural, 26furnishes highest type of intelligence and will in nature, 79as to intellect and freedom, not eternala parte ante, 81his intellectual and moral nature, implies an intellectual and moral author, 81his moral nature proves existence of a holy Lawgiver, 82his emotional and voluntary nature proves the existence of a Being who may be a satisfying object of human affection and end of human activity, 83recognizes in God, not his like, but his opposite, 83mistakes as to his own nature lead him into mistakes as to the First Cause, 84, 253his consciousness, Royce's view, 99his will above nature, 121a concave glass towards God, 252can objectify self, 252is self-determining, 252not explicable from nature, 411a spiritually reproductive agent, yet God begets, 418a creation, and child of God, 465-476his creation a fact of Scripture, 465exists by creative acts of God, 465though result of evolution, yet originating agency of God needed, 465whether mediately or immediately created Scripture does not explicitly state, 465the true doctrine of evolution consistent with the Scriptural doctrine of creation, 466certain psychological human endowments cannot have come from the brute, 466God's breathing into men was such a re-inforcement of the processes of life as turned the animal into man, 467and brute, both created by the immanent God, the former comes to his status notfrombutthroughthe latter, 467the beginnings of his conscious life, 467some simple distinctions between man and brute, 467, 468if of brute ancestry, yet the offspring of God, 469Scripture teaches that man's nature is the creation of God, 469his relations to animals, authors upon, 469immediate creation of his body not forbidden by comparative physiology, 470that his physical system is descended by natural generation from the simiæ, an irrational hypothesis, 470as his soul was an immediate creation of God, so, in this sense, was his body also, 470does not degenerate as we travel back in time, 471no natural process accounts for his informing soul nor for the body informed by that soul, 472the laws of development followed in man's origin from a brute ancestry are but methods of God, and proofs of his creatorship, 472comes upon the scene not as a brute but as a self-conscious, self-determining being, 472his original and new creation, both from within, 472an emanation of that Divine Life of which the brute was a lower manifestation, 472his nature not an undesigned result of atheous evolution but the efflux of the divine personality, 473natural selection may account for man's placeinnature, but not for his place as a spiritual being above nature, 473his intellectual and moral faculties have only an adequate cause in the world of spirits, 473apart from the controlling action of a higher intelligence, the laws of the material universe insufficient for his production, 473his brute ancestry, list of authors on, 473, 474his racial unity, 476-483his racial unity, a fact of Scripture, 476his racial unity at foundation of certain Pauline doctrines, 476his racial unity, the ground of natural brotherhood, 476the pre-Adamite, 476, 477his racial unity, sustained by history, 477, 478his racial unity, sustained by philology, 478, 479his racial unity, sustained by psychology, 479his racial unity, sustained by physiology, 480, 483a single species under several varieties, 480[pg 1092]unity of species of, argues unity of origin, 481according to Agassiz from eight centres of origin, 481his racial unity, consistent with all existing physical varieties, 481, 482physiological change in, illustrated, 482his“originally greater plasticity,”482his racial unity, authorities on, 482, 483the essential elements of his nature, 483-488the dichotomous theory of his nature, 483, 484the dichotomous theory of, supported by consciousness, 483the dichotomous theory of, supported by Scripture, 483, 484the trichotomous theory of his nature, 484-488his ψυχή and πνεῦμα, 484his spirit and soul, texts on, 484trichotomous theory of his nature, element of truth in, 484the trichotomous theory of his nature untenable, 485, 486the true relation of πνεῦμα and ψυχή in his nature, 486-488is different in kind from the brute, though possessed of certain powers in common with it, 486since spirit is soul when in connection with the body, soul cannot be immortal unless with spiritual body, 486the trichotomous theory of the nature of, untenable on psychological grounds, 486a true view of the spiritual nature of, refutes six errors, 486, 487some who have held the trichotomous view of, 487his body, why honorable? 488has been provided with a fleshly body, for two suggested reasons, 488origin of his soul, 488-497the theory of the pre-existence of his soul, 488-491the advocates, ancient and modern, of this theory of soul pre-existence, 488, 489the truth at the basis of soul pre-existence, 488the theory of soul pre-existence, founded on an illusion of memory, 488explanations of this illusion, 488the theory of the soul's pre-existence, without Scriptural warrant, 489, 490if his soul was conscious and personal in the pre-existent state, why is recollection even of important decisions so defective? 490the pre-existence theory of the soul of, is of no theological assistance, 490Müller's view of pre-existence stated and examined, 490, 491the creatian theory of his soul, 491-493its advocates, 491Scripture does not teach that God immediately creates his soul, 491creatianism repulsively false as representing him as not father of his offspring's noblest part, 492his individuality, how best explained, 492the creatian theory of his birth makes God the author of sin, 493the creatian theory of his birth, certain mediating modifications of, 493the traducian theory of his birth, 493-497the traducian theory, its advocates, 493the traducian theory explained, 494the traducian theory best accords with Scripture, 494the traducian theory is favored by the analogy of animal and vegetable life, 495the traducian theory supported by the transmission of physical, mental, and moral characteristics, 495, 496the traducian theory embraces the element of truth in the creatian theory in that it holds to a divine concurrence in the development of the human species, 497his moral nature, 497-513the powers which enter into his moral nature, 497his conscience defined, 498has no separate ethical faculty, 498his conscience discriminative and impulsive, 498his conscience distinguished from related mental processes, 499his conscience the moral judiciary of the soul, 500his conscience an echo of God's voice, 501has the authority of the personal God, of whose nature law is but a transcript, 502-504his will, 504-513his will defined, 504, 505his will and the other faculties, 505his will and permanent states, 505, 506his will and motives, 506, 507his will and contrary choice, 507, 508his will and his responsibility, 509, 510[pg 1093]his responsibility for the inherited selfish preferences of his will, its Scriptural explanation, 510his natural bent of will to evil so constant, inveterate, and powerful that only regeneration can save him from it, 510the hurtful nature of a deterministic theory of his will, 511-513and his will, authors upon, 513his original state, 514-532his original state described only in Scripture, 514list of authors on his original state, 514essentials of his original state, 514-523made“in the image of God,”what implied?, 514made in natural likeness to God or personality, 514made in moral likeness to God or holiness, 514the elements in his original likeness to God, more clearly explicated, 514, 515indwelt by the Logos or divine Reason, 515never wholly loses“the image of God,”, 515in a minor sense“gods”and“partakers of the divine nature,”, 515has“a deeper depth”rooted and grounded in God, 515created a personal being with power to know and determine self, 515his natural likeness to God inalienable and the capacity that makes redemption possible, 515his personality further defined, 515should reverence his humanity, 515, 516originally possessed such a direction of affections and will as constituted God the supreme end of his being, and himself a finite reflection of God's moral attributes, 517his chief endowment, holiness, 517his original righteousness as taught in Scripture, 517in what the dignity of his human nature consists, 517his original righteousness not the essence of his human nature, 518his original righteousness not a gift from without and after creation, 518his original righteousness a tendency of affections and will to God, 518his original righteousness propagable to descendants, 518his likeness to God, more than the perfect mutual adjustment of his spiritual powers, 519his fall assigned by some to pre-existent state, 519“the image of God”in, was, some say, merely the possibility (Anlage) of real likeness, 519his individual will not the author of his condition of sin or of holiness, 519since he originally knew God, must have loved God, 519, 520primal“image of God,”not simply ability to be like God, but actual likeness, 520if morally neutral, is a violator of God's law, 520the original“image of God”in, more than capacity for religion, 520scholastics and the Romanist church distinguished between“image”and“likeness”as applied to his first estate, 520his nature at creation, according to Romanism, received adonum superadditumof grace, 520his progress from the statein puris naturalibusto the statespoliatus a nudo, as the Romish church teaches, pictorially stated, 521the Romish theory as to his original state considered in detail, 520-523results of his original possession of the divine image, 523-525his physical form reflects his original endowment, 523originally possessed anæquale temperamentumof body and spirit which, though physically perfect, was only provisional, 523had dominion over the lower creation, 524enjoyed communion with God, 524, 525concomitants of his possession of the divine image, 525-532his surroundings and society fitted to afford happiness and help, 525, 526his wife and her creation, 525was perhaps hermaphrodite, 526his garden, Eden, 526provisions for trying his virtue, 526, 527opportunity for securing for himself physical immortality, 527the first, had he maintained his integrity, would have been developed and transformed without undergoing death, 527the Scriptural view of his original state opposed by those who hold a prehistoric development of the race from savagery to civilization, 527the originally savage condition of, an ill-founded assumption, 527-531[pg 1094]the Scriptural account of his original state opposed by those who hold the Positivist theory of the three consecutive conditions of knowledge, 531the assumption that he must hold fetichism, polytheism, and monotheism in successive steps, if he progresses religiously, contradicted by facts, 531, 532monotheistic before polytheistic, 531, 532in some stocks never practiced fetichism, 532the earliest discovered sepulchral remains of, prove by presence of food and weapons an advance upon fetichism, 532his theologic thought not transient but rooted in his intuitions and desires, 532in what sense a law unto himself, 539as finite needs law, 542as a free being needs moral law, 542as a progressive being needs an ideal and infinite standard of attainment, 542according to Scripture responsible for more than his merely personal acts, 634not wholly a spontaneous development of inborn tendencies, 649the ideal, realized only in Christ, 678, 679his reconciliation to God, 777-885his perfection reached only in the world to come, 981

Intercession of Christ, 773-775seeChrist.

Intercession of Christ, 773-775

seeChrist.

Intercessors, saints on earth are, 775

Intercommunicatio, 333

Intercommunion of the Persons in the Trinity, 332-334

Intermediate State, 998-1003of the righteous, 988, 999of the wicked, 999, 1000not a sleep, 1000not purgatorial, 1000one of incompleteness, 1002a state of thought, 1002sin if preferred in this more spiritual state becomes demoniacal, 1002some place the end of man's probation at the close of the, 1002

Intermediate State, 998-1003

of the righteous, 988, 999

of the wicked, 999, 1000

not a sleep, 1000

not purgatorial, 1000

one of incompleteness, 1002

a state of thought, 1002

sin if preferred in this more spiritual state becomes demoniacal, 1002

some place the end of man's probation at the close of the, 1002

Intuition, 52, 53, 67, 72, 125, 499

Intuition-theory of inspiration, seeInspiration.

Intuitional theory of morals, 501reconciled with the empirical theory, 501

Intuitional theory of morals, 501

reconciled with the empirical theory, 501

Intuitions, 52, 53, 67, 248

Isaiah, its composite character, 239

Islam, 186, 427

James, the apostle, his position on Justification, 851

Jefferson, Thomas, on a Baptist church as the truest form of democracy, 908

Jehovah, 256, 309

Jesus, bowing at the name of, 969

Jews, the only forward-looking people, 666educated in three great truths, 666, 667above truths presented by three agencies, 667, 668this education first of all by law, 667this education by prophecy, 667this education by judgment, 668[pg 1088]effects of the exile upon, 668as propagators of the gospel, 668authors on Judaism as a preparation for Christ, 668

Jews, the only forward-looking people, 666

educated in three great truths, 666, 667

above truths presented by three agencies, 667, 668

this education first of all by law, 667

this education by prophecy, 667

this education by judgment, 668

effects of the exile upon, 668

as propagators of the gospel, 668

authors on Judaism as a preparation for Christ, 668

Job, the book of, when written, 241is a dramatic poem, 240, 241

Job, the book of, when written, 241

is a dramatic poem, 240, 241

John, gospel of, differs from synoptics in its account of Jesus, 143its genuineness, 151, 152compared with Revelation, 151, 152does its characteristic Logos doctrine necessitate a later date?, 320, 321

John, gospel of, differs from synoptics in its account of Jesus, 143

its genuineness, 151, 152

compared with Revelation, 151, 152

does its characteristic Logos doctrine necessitate a later date?, 320, 321

Judas, 884, 1043

Judex damnatur cum nocens absolvitur, 293

Judge, Christ the final, 1027, 1028

Judgment, the last, a final and complete vindication of God's righteousness, 1023, 1024its nature outward, visible, definite in time, 1024, 1025its object, the manifestation of character, and assignment of corresponding condition, 1025, 1026evidences of, and preparation for, already in the nature of man, 1026, 1027single acts and words adduced in, why?, 1027, 1028the judge in, see preceding item, the subjects of, men and evil angels, 1028, 1029the grounds of, the law of God and grace of Christ, 1029list of authors on, 1029

Judgment, the last, a final and complete vindication of God's righteousness, 1023, 1024

its nature outward, visible, definite in time, 1024, 1025

its object, the manifestation of character, and assignment of corresponding condition, 1025, 1026

evidences of, and preparation for, already in the nature of man, 1026, 1027

single acts and words adduced in, why?, 1027, 1028

the judge in, see preceding item, the subjects of, men and evil angels, 1028, 1029

the grounds of, the law of God and grace of Christ, 1029

list of authors on, 1029

Justice of God, 290-295seeGod.

Justice of God, 290-295

seeGod.

Justification, involved in union with Christ, 805the doctrine of, 849-868defined, 849declarative and judicial, 849held as sovereign by Arminians, 849, 855Scriptural proof of, 849, 850its nature determined by Scriptural use of 'justify' and its derivatives, 850-854James and Paul on, 851includes remission of punishment, 854-856a declaration that the sinner is just or free from condemnation of law, 854is pardon or forgiveness as God is regarded as judge or father, 855is on the ground of union with Christ who has borne the penalty, 855includes restoration to favor, 856since it treats the sinner as personally righteous it must give him the rewards of obedience, 856is reconciliation or adoption as God is regarded as friend or father, 857this restoration rests solely on the righteousness of Christ to whom sinner is united by faith, 858its difficult feature stated, 859believed on testimony of Scripture, 860the difficulty in, relieved by three considerations, 860is granted to a sinner in whose stead Christ has borne penalty, 860is bestowed on one who is so united to Christ as to have Christ's life dominating his being, 860is declared of one in whom the present Christ life will infallibly extirpate all remaining depravity, 860its ground is not the infusion into us of righteousness and love (Romish view), 861its ground is not the essential righteousness of Christ become the sinner's by faith, (Osiander) 861its ground is the satisfaction and obedience of Christ the head of a new humanity of which believers are members, 861is ours, not because Christ is in us, but because we are in Christ, 862its relation to regeneration and sanctification delivers it from externality and immorality, 862, 863and sanctification, not different stages of same process, 863a declarative, as distinguished from the efficient acts of God's grace, regeneration and sanctification, 863gifts and graces accompaniments, not consequences of, 864why“by faith”rather than other graces?, 864produced efficiently by grace, meritoriously by Christ, instrumentally by faith, evidentially by works, 865as being complete at the moment of believing, is the ground of peace, 865is instantaneous, complete and final, 867not eternal in the past, 867in, God grants actual pardon for past sin, and virtual pardon for future sin, 867cannot be secured by future obedience, 868must be secured by accepting Christ and manifesting trust and submission by prompt obedience, 868list of authors on, 868

Justification, involved in union with Christ, 805

the doctrine of, 849-868

defined, 849

declarative and judicial, 849

held as sovereign by Arminians, 849, 855

Scriptural proof of, 849, 850

its nature determined by Scriptural use of 'justify' and its derivatives, 850-854

James and Paul on, 851

includes remission of punishment, 854-856

a declaration that the sinner is just or free from condemnation of law, 854

is pardon or forgiveness as God is regarded as judge or father, 855

is on the ground of union with Christ who has borne the penalty, 855

includes restoration to favor, 856

since it treats the sinner as personally righteous it must give him the rewards of obedience, 856

is reconciliation or adoption as God is regarded as friend or father, 857

this restoration rests solely on the righteousness of Christ to whom sinner is united by faith, 858

its difficult feature stated, 859

believed on testimony of Scripture, 860

the difficulty in, relieved by three considerations, 860

is granted to a sinner in whose stead Christ has borne penalty, 860

is bestowed on one who is so united to Christ as to have Christ's life dominating his being, 860

is declared of one in whom the present Christ life will infallibly extirpate all remaining depravity, 860

its ground is not the infusion into us of righteousness and love (Romish view), 861

its ground is not the essential righteousness of Christ become the sinner's by faith, (Osiander) 861

its ground is the satisfaction and obedience of Christ the head of a new humanity of which believers are members, 861

is ours, not because Christ is in us, but because we are in Christ, 862

its relation to regeneration and sanctification delivers it from externality and immorality, 862, 863

and sanctification, not different stages of same process, 863

a declarative, as distinguished from the efficient acts of God's grace, regeneration and sanctification, 863

gifts and graces accompaniments, not consequences of, 864

why“by faith”rather than other graces?, 864

produced efficiently by grace, meritoriously by Christ, instrumentally by faith, evidentially by works, 865

as being complete at the moment of believing, is the ground of peace, 865

is instantaneous, complete and final, 867

not eternal in the past, 867

in, God grants actual pardon for past sin, and virtual pardon for future sin, 867

cannot be secured by future obedience, 868

must be secured by accepting Christ and manifesting trust and submission by prompt obedience, 868

list of authors on, 868

Justitia civilis, 639

Justus et justificans, 753

Kalpa, 352

Karen tradition, 116

Kenosis, 701, 704, 705

Keri and Kethib, 309

“Know,”its meaning in Scripture, 780

Knowledge includes faith as a higher sort of, 3, 4, 5analogy to one's nature or experience not necessary to, 7is“recognition and classification,”, 7mental image, not essential to, 7of whole not essential to partial, and of a part, 8may be adequate though not exhaustive, 8involves limitation or definition, 9relative to knowing agent, 10is of the thing as it is, 10though imperfect, valuable, 37requires pre-supposition of an Absolute Reason, 61does not ensure right action, 111, 460aggravates, but is not essential to, sin, 558two kinds of, andscientia media, 357sins of, 649final state of righteous one of, 1029

Knowledge includes faith as a higher sort of, 3, 4, 5

analogy to one's nature or experience not necessary to, 7

is“recognition and classification,”, 7

mental image, not essential to, 7

of whole not essential to partial, and of a part, 8

may be adequate though not exhaustive, 8

involves limitation or definition, 9

relative to knowing agent, 10

is of the thing as it is, 10

though imperfect, valuable, 37

requires pre-supposition of an Absolute Reason, 61

does not ensure right action, 111, 460

aggravates, but is not essential to, sin, 558

two kinds of, andscientia media, 357

sins of, 649

final state of righteous one of, 1029

Koran, 115, 186

Kung-fu-tse, seeConfucius.

Language, difficulty of putting spiritual truths into, 35dead only living, 39not essential to thought, 216defined, 467is the effect, not the cause of mind, 467

Language, difficulty of putting spiritual truths into, 35

dead only living, 39

not essential to thought, 216

defined, 467

is the effect, not the cause of mind, 467

Law, cause and force known without mental image, 7is method, not cause, 76the transcript of God's nature, 293in general, 533-536its essential idea, 533its implications, 533first used of voluntary agents, 533its use in physics implicitly confesses a Supreme Will, 533its derivation in several languages, 533because of its ineradicable implications,“method”has been suggested as a substitute, 533definitions of, 533, 534cannot reign, 534its generality, 534deals in general rules, 534implies power to enforce, 534, 535without penalty is advice, 535in the case of rational and free agents implies duty and sanctions, 535expresses and demands nature, 535formulates relations arising in nature, 535of God in particular, 536-547elemental, 536-544physical or natural, 536moral law, 537moral law, its implications, 537is discovered, not made, 538not constituted, but tested, by utility, 538of God, what?, 538the method of Christ, 539authors upon, 539not arbitrary, 539not temporary, or provisional, 540not merely negative, 540as seen in Decalogue, 540not addressed to one part of man's nature, 540not outwardly published, 540, 541not limited by man's consciousness of it, 541not local, 541not modifiable, 541not violated even in salvation, 541the ideal of human nature, 542reveals love and mercy mandatorily, 542, 549is all-comprehensive, 542is spiritual, 543is a unit, 543is not now proposed as a method of salvation, 543is a means of discovering and developing sin, 543, 544reminds man of the heights from which he has fallen, 544as positive enactment, 544-547as shown in general moral precepts, 545as shown in ceremonial or special injunctions, 545its positive form a re-enactment of its elemental principles, 545the written, why imperfect?, 546the Puritan mistake in relation to, 546its relation to the grace of God, 547-549is a general expression of God's will, 547is a partial, not an exhaustive, expression of God's nature, 547pantheistic mistake in relation to, 547, 548alone, leaves parts of God's nature to be expressed by gospel, 548is not, Christ is, the perfect image of God, 548not abrogated by grace, but republished and re-enforced, 548of sin and death, 548in the manifestation of grace, combined with a view of the personal love of the Lawgiver, 549its all-embracing requirement, 572identical with the constituent principles of being, 629all-comprehending demand of harmony with God, 637the Mosaic, inspired hope of pardon and access to God, 667[pg 1090]its basis in the nature of God, 764as a moral rule unchanging, 875freedom from, what?, 876believer not free from obligation to observe, 876as a system of penalty, believer free from, 876as a method of salvation, believer free from, 876as an outward and foreign compulsion, believer free from, 876not a sliding scale graduated to one's moral condition, 877God's, as known in conscience and Scripture, a ground of final judgment, 1029

Law, cause and force known without mental image, 7

is method, not cause, 76

the transcript of God's nature, 293

in general, 533-536

its essential idea, 533

its implications, 533

first used of voluntary agents, 533

its use in physics implicitly confesses a Supreme Will, 533

its derivation in several languages, 533

because of its ineradicable implications,“method”has been suggested as a substitute, 533

definitions of, 533, 534

cannot reign, 534

its generality, 534

deals in general rules, 534

implies power to enforce, 534, 535

without penalty is advice, 535

in the case of rational and free agents implies duty and sanctions, 535

expresses and demands nature, 535

formulates relations arising in nature, 535

of God in particular, 536-547

elemental, 536-544

physical or natural, 536

moral law, 537

moral law, its implications, 537

is discovered, not made, 538

not constituted, but tested, by utility, 538

of God, what?, 538

the method of Christ, 539

authors upon, 539

not arbitrary, 539

not temporary, or provisional, 540

not merely negative, 540

as seen in Decalogue, 540

not addressed to one part of man's nature, 540

not outwardly published, 540, 541

not limited by man's consciousness of it, 541

not local, 541

not modifiable, 541

not violated even in salvation, 541

the ideal of human nature, 542

reveals love and mercy mandatorily, 542, 549

is all-comprehensive, 542

is spiritual, 543

is a unit, 543

is not now proposed as a method of salvation, 543

is a means of discovering and developing sin, 543, 544

reminds man of the heights from which he has fallen, 544

as positive enactment, 544-547

as shown in general moral precepts, 545

as shown in ceremonial or special injunctions, 545

its positive form a re-enactment of its elemental principles, 545

the written, why imperfect?, 546

the Puritan mistake in relation to, 546

its relation to the grace of God, 547-549

is a general expression of God's will, 547

is a partial, not an exhaustive, expression of God's nature, 547

pantheistic mistake in relation to, 547, 548

alone, leaves parts of God's nature to be expressed by gospel, 548

is not, Christ is, the perfect image of God, 548

not abrogated by grace, but republished and re-enforced, 548

of sin and death, 548

in the manifestation of grace, combined with a view of the personal love of the Lawgiver, 549

its all-embracing requirement, 572

identical with the constituent principles of being, 629

all-comprehending demand of harmony with God, 637

the Mosaic, inspired hope of pardon and access to God, 667

its basis in the nature of God, 764

as a moral rule unchanging, 875

freedom from, what?, 876

believer not free from obligation to observe, 876

as a system of penalty, believer free from, 876

as a method of salvation, believer free from, 876

as an outward and foreign compulsion, believer free from, 876

not a sliding scale graduated to one's moral condition, 877

God's, as known in conscience and Scripture, a ground of final judgment, 1029

Laws of knowing correspond to nature of things, 10of theological thought, laws of God's thought, 10of nature, not violated in miracle, 121of nature, act not merely singly, but in combination, 434, 435

Laws of knowing correspond to nature of things, 10

of theological thought, laws of God's thought, 10

of nature, not violated in miracle, 121

of nature, act not merely singly, but in combination, 434, 435

“Laying-on of hands,”its significance, 920

Letter-missive calling council of ordination, 922

Lex, its derivation, 533

Licensure, its nature, 919

Life contains promise and potency of every form of matter, 91not produced from matter, 93as it ascends, it differentiates, 240not definable, 251not a mere process, 251more than environmental correspondence, 251ascribed to Christ, 309ascribed to Holy Spirit, 315animal, though propagated, not material, 495has power to draw from the putrescent material for its living, 677its various relations honored by being taken into union with Divinity in Christ, 682man's physical, conscious of a life within not subject to will, 799man's spiritual, conscious of life within its life, 799man's natural, preserved by God, much more his spiritual, 883Christian, attains completeness in future, 981sinful, attains completeness in future, 981“book of,”the book of justification, 1029

Life contains promise and potency of every form of matter, 91

not produced from matter, 93

as it ascends, it differentiates, 240

not definable, 251

not a mere process, 251

more than environmental correspondence, 251

ascribed to Christ, 309

ascribed to Holy Spirit, 315

animal, though propagated, not material, 495

has power to draw from the putrescent material for its living, 677

its various relations honored by being taken into union with Divinity in Christ, 682

man's physical, conscious of a life within not subject to will, 799

man's spiritual, conscious of life within its life, 799

man's natural, preserved by God, much more his spiritual, 883

Christian, attains completeness in future, 981

sinful, attains completeness in future, 981

“book of,”the book of justification, 1029

Lineamenta extrema, 614

Locutiones variæ, sed non contrariæ;diversæ, sed non adversæ, 227

Logos, the whole, present in the man, Christ Jesus, 281John's doctrine of the, radically different from Philo's, 320, 321John's doctrine of the, related to the“memra”doctrine, 320doctrine of the, authorities on, 321significance of term, 335the pre-incarnate, granted to men a natural light of reason and conscience, 603purged of depravity that portion of human nature which he assumed in Incarnation, in the very act of taking it, 677during earthly life of Jesus existed outside of flesh, 704the whole present in Christ, and yet present everywhere else, 704can suffer on earth, and yet reign in heaven at same time, 714his surrender of independent exercise of divine attributes, how best conceived, 705his part in evangelical preparation, 711

Logos, the whole, present in the man, Christ Jesus, 281

John's doctrine of the, radically different from Philo's, 320, 321

John's doctrine of the, related to the“memra”doctrine, 320

doctrine of the, authorities on, 321

significance of term, 335

the pre-incarnate, granted to men a natural light of reason and conscience, 603

purged of depravity that portion of human nature which he assumed in Incarnation, in the very act of taking it, 677

during earthly life of Jesus existed outside of flesh, 704

the whole present in Christ, and yet present everywhere else, 704

can suffer on earth, and yet reign in heaven at same time, 714

his surrender of independent exercise of divine attributes, how best conceived, 705

his part in evangelical preparation, 711

“Lord of Hosts,”its significance, 448

Lord's Day, 410

Lord's Supper, 959-980

Lord's Supper and Baptism, historical monuments, 151

Love, necessary to right use of reason with regard to God, 3, 29, 519, 520its loss obscures rational intuitions of God, 67God's, nature cannot prove it, 84God's immanent, what?, 263not to be confounded with mercy and goodness, 265God's, finds a personal object within the Trinity, 285constitutes a ground of divine blessedness, 285God's transitive, what?, 289God's transitive, is mercy and goodness, 289distinct from holiness, 290, 567attributed to Christ, 309attributed to Holy Spirit, 316revealed in grace rather than in law, 548defined, 567to God, all-embracing requirement of law, 572eternity of God's, an effective element in appeal, 788God's, fixed on sinners of whom he knows the worst, 788God's unchanging, 788God's, has dignity, 1051brotherly, in heaven implies knowledge, 1031

Love, necessary to right use of reason with regard to God, 3, 29, 519, 520

its loss obscures rational intuitions of God, 67

God's, nature cannot prove it, 84

God's immanent, what?, 263

not to be confounded with mercy and goodness, 265

God's, finds a personal object within the Trinity, 285

constitutes a ground of divine blessedness, 285

God's transitive, what?, 289

God's transitive, is mercy and goodness, 289

distinct from holiness, 290, 567

attributed to Christ, 309

attributed to Holy Spirit, 316

revealed in grace rather than in law, 548

defined, 567

to God, all-embracing requirement of law, 572

eternity of God's, an effective element in appeal, 788

God's, fixed on sinners of whom he knows the worst, 788

God's unchanging, 788

God's, has dignity, 1051

brotherly, in heaven implies knowledge, 1031

Maat, the Egyptian goddess, 1024

Maccabees, First, no direct mention of God in, 309

Magister sententiarum, 44

Magnetism, personal, what? 820

Majestaticum genus, 686

Malice, what? 569

Malum metaphysicum, what? 424

Man, in what sense supernatural, 26furnishes highest type of intelligence and will in nature, 79as to intellect and freedom, not eternala parte ante, 81his intellectual and moral nature, implies an intellectual and moral author, 81his moral nature proves existence of a holy Lawgiver, 82his emotional and voluntary nature proves the existence of a Being who may be a satisfying object of human affection and end of human activity, 83recognizes in God, not his like, but his opposite, 83mistakes as to his own nature lead him into mistakes as to the First Cause, 84, 253his consciousness, Royce's view, 99his will above nature, 121a concave glass towards God, 252can objectify self, 252is self-determining, 252not explicable from nature, 411a spiritually reproductive agent, yet God begets, 418a creation, and child of God, 465-476his creation a fact of Scripture, 465exists by creative acts of God, 465though result of evolution, yet originating agency of God needed, 465whether mediately or immediately created Scripture does not explicitly state, 465the true doctrine of evolution consistent with the Scriptural doctrine of creation, 466certain psychological human endowments cannot have come from the brute, 466God's breathing into men was such a re-inforcement of the processes of life as turned the animal into man, 467and brute, both created by the immanent God, the former comes to his status notfrombutthroughthe latter, 467the beginnings of his conscious life, 467some simple distinctions between man and brute, 467, 468if of brute ancestry, yet the offspring of God, 469Scripture teaches that man's nature is the creation of God, 469his relations to animals, authors upon, 469immediate creation of his body not forbidden by comparative physiology, 470that his physical system is descended by natural generation from the simiæ, an irrational hypothesis, 470as his soul was an immediate creation of God, so, in this sense, was his body also, 470does not degenerate as we travel back in time, 471no natural process accounts for his informing soul nor for the body informed by that soul, 472the laws of development followed in man's origin from a brute ancestry are but methods of God, and proofs of his creatorship, 472comes upon the scene not as a brute but as a self-conscious, self-determining being, 472his original and new creation, both from within, 472an emanation of that Divine Life of which the brute was a lower manifestation, 472his nature not an undesigned result of atheous evolution but the efflux of the divine personality, 473natural selection may account for man's placeinnature, but not for his place as a spiritual being above nature, 473his intellectual and moral faculties have only an adequate cause in the world of spirits, 473apart from the controlling action of a higher intelligence, the laws of the material universe insufficient for his production, 473his brute ancestry, list of authors on, 473, 474his racial unity, 476-483his racial unity, a fact of Scripture, 476his racial unity at foundation of certain Pauline doctrines, 476his racial unity, the ground of natural brotherhood, 476the pre-Adamite, 476, 477his racial unity, sustained by history, 477, 478his racial unity, sustained by philology, 478, 479his racial unity, sustained by psychology, 479his racial unity, sustained by physiology, 480, 483a single species under several varieties, 480[pg 1092]unity of species of, argues unity of origin, 481according to Agassiz from eight centres of origin, 481his racial unity, consistent with all existing physical varieties, 481, 482physiological change in, illustrated, 482his“originally greater plasticity,”482his racial unity, authorities on, 482, 483the essential elements of his nature, 483-488the dichotomous theory of his nature, 483, 484the dichotomous theory of, supported by consciousness, 483the dichotomous theory of, supported by Scripture, 483, 484the trichotomous theory of his nature, 484-488his ψυχή and πνεῦμα, 484his spirit and soul, texts on, 484trichotomous theory of his nature, element of truth in, 484the trichotomous theory of his nature untenable, 485, 486the true relation of πνεῦμα and ψυχή in his nature, 486-488is different in kind from the brute, though possessed of certain powers in common with it, 486since spirit is soul when in connection with the body, soul cannot be immortal unless with spiritual body, 486the trichotomous theory of the nature of, untenable on psychological grounds, 486a true view of the spiritual nature of, refutes six errors, 486, 487some who have held the trichotomous view of, 487his body, why honorable? 488has been provided with a fleshly body, for two suggested reasons, 488origin of his soul, 488-497the theory of the pre-existence of his soul, 488-491the advocates, ancient and modern, of this theory of soul pre-existence, 488, 489the truth at the basis of soul pre-existence, 488the theory of soul pre-existence, founded on an illusion of memory, 488explanations of this illusion, 488the theory of the soul's pre-existence, without Scriptural warrant, 489, 490if his soul was conscious and personal in the pre-existent state, why is recollection even of important decisions so defective? 490the pre-existence theory of the soul of, is of no theological assistance, 490Müller's view of pre-existence stated and examined, 490, 491the creatian theory of his soul, 491-493its advocates, 491Scripture does not teach that God immediately creates his soul, 491creatianism repulsively false as representing him as not father of his offspring's noblest part, 492his individuality, how best explained, 492the creatian theory of his birth makes God the author of sin, 493the creatian theory of his birth, certain mediating modifications of, 493the traducian theory of his birth, 493-497the traducian theory, its advocates, 493the traducian theory explained, 494the traducian theory best accords with Scripture, 494the traducian theory is favored by the analogy of animal and vegetable life, 495the traducian theory supported by the transmission of physical, mental, and moral characteristics, 495, 496the traducian theory embraces the element of truth in the creatian theory in that it holds to a divine concurrence in the development of the human species, 497his moral nature, 497-513the powers which enter into his moral nature, 497his conscience defined, 498has no separate ethical faculty, 498his conscience discriminative and impulsive, 498his conscience distinguished from related mental processes, 499his conscience the moral judiciary of the soul, 500his conscience an echo of God's voice, 501has the authority of the personal God, of whose nature law is but a transcript, 502-504his will, 504-513his will defined, 504, 505his will and the other faculties, 505his will and permanent states, 505, 506his will and motives, 506, 507his will and contrary choice, 507, 508his will and his responsibility, 509, 510[pg 1093]his responsibility for the inherited selfish preferences of his will, its Scriptural explanation, 510his natural bent of will to evil so constant, inveterate, and powerful that only regeneration can save him from it, 510the hurtful nature of a deterministic theory of his will, 511-513and his will, authors upon, 513his original state, 514-532his original state described only in Scripture, 514list of authors on his original state, 514essentials of his original state, 514-523made“in the image of God,”what implied?, 514made in natural likeness to God or personality, 514made in moral likeness to God or holiness, 514the elements in his original likeness to God, more clearly explicated, 514, 515indwelt by the Logos or divine Reason, 515never wholly loses“the image of God,”, 515in a minor sense“gods”and“partakers of the divine nature,”, 515has“a deeper depth”rooted and grounded in God, 515created a personal being with power to know and determine self, 515his natural likeness to God inalienable and the capacity that makes redemption possible, 515his personality further defined, 515should reverence his humanity, 515, 516originally possessed such a direction of affections and will as constituted God the supreme end of his being, and himself a finite reflection of God's moral attributes, 517his chief endowment, holiness, 517his original righteousness as taught in Scripture, 517in what the dignity of his human nature consists, 517his original righteousness not the essence of his human nature, 518his original righteousness not a gift from without and after creation, 518his original righteousness a tendency of affections and will to God, 518his original righteousness propagable to descendants, 518his likeness to God, more than the perfect mutual adjustment of his spiritual powers, 519his fall assigned by some to pre-existent state, 519“the image of God”in, was, some say, merely the possibility (Anlage) of real likeness, 519his individual will not the author of his condition of sin or of holiness, 519since he originally knew God, must have loved God, 519, 520primal“image of God,”not simply ability to be like God, but actual likeness, 520if morally neutral, is a violator of God's law, 520the original“image of God”in, more than capacity for religion, 520scholastics and the Romanist church distinguished between“image”and“likeness”as applied to his first estate, 520his nature at creation, according to Romanism, received adonum superadditumof grace, 520his progress from the statein puris naturalibusto the statespoliatus a nudo, as the Romish church teaches, pictorially stated, 521the Romish theory as to his original state considered in detail, 520-523results of his original possession of the divine image, 523-525his physical form reflects his original endowment, 523originally possessed anæquale temperamentumof body and spirit which, though physically perfect, was only provisional, 523had dominion over the lower creation, 524enjoyed communion with God, 524, 525concomitants of his possession of the divine image, 525-532his surroundings and society fitted to afford happiness and help, 525, 526his wife and her creation, 525was perhaps hermaphrodite, 526his garden, Eden, 526provisions for trying his virtue, 526, 527opportunity for securing for himself physical immortality, 527the first, had he maintained his integrity, would have been developed and transformed without undergoing death, 527the Scriptural view of his original state opposed by those who hold a prehistoric development of the race from savagery to civilization, 527the originally savage condition of, an ill-founded assumption, 527-531[pg 1094]the Scriptural account of his original state opposed by those who hold the Positivist theory of the three consecutive conditions of knowledge, 531the assumption that he must hold fetichism, polytheism, and monotheism in successive steps, if he progresses religiously, contradicted by facts, 531, 532monotheistic before polytheistic, 531, 532in some stocks never practiced fetichism, 532the earliest discovered sepulchral remains of, prove by presence of food and weapons an advance upon fetichism, 532his theologic thought not transient but rooted in his intuitions and desires, 532in what sense a law unto himself, 539as finite needs law, 542as a free being needs moral law, 542as a progressive being needs an ideal and infinite standard of attainment, 542according to Scripture responsible for more than his merely personal acts, 634not wholly a spontaneous development of inborn tendencies, 649the ideal, realized only in Christ, 678, 679his reconciliation to God, 777-885his perfection reached only in the world to come, 981

Man, in what sense supernatural, 26

furnishes highest type of intelligence and will in nature, 79

as to intellect and freedom, not eternala parte ante, 81

his intellectual and moral nature, implies an intellectual and moral author, 81

his moral nature proves existence of a holy Lawgiver, 82

his emotional and voluntary nature proves the existence of a Being who may be a satisfying object of human affection and end of human activity, 83

recognizes in God, not his like, but his opposite, 83

mistakes as to his own nature lead him into mistakes as to the First Cause, 84, 253

his consciousness, Royce's view, 99

his will above nature, 121

a concave glass towards God, 252

can objectify self, 252

is self-determining, 252

not explicable from nature, 411

a spiritually reproductive agent, yet God begets, 418

a creation, and child of God, 465-476

his creation a fact of Scripture, 465

exists by creative acts of God, 465

though result of evolution, yet originating agency of God needed, 465

whether mediately or immediately created Scripture does not explicitly state, 465

the true doctrine of evolution consistent with the Scriptural doctrine of creation, 466

certain psychological human endowments cannot have come from the brute, 466

God's breathing into men was such a re-inforcement of the processes of life as turned the animal into man, 467

and brute, both created by the immanent God, the former comes to his status notfrombutthroughthe latter, 467

the beginnings of his conscious life, 467

some simple distinctions between man and brute, 467, 468

if of brute ancestry, yet the offspring of God, 469

Scripture teaches that man's nature is the creation of God, 469

his relations to animals, authors upon, 469

immediate creation of his body not forbidden by comparative physiology, 470

that his physical system is descended by natural generation from the simiæ, an irrational hypothesis, 470

as his soul was an immediate creation of God, so, in this sense, was his body also, 470

does not degenerate as we travel back in time, 471

no natural process accounts for his informing soul nor for the body informed by that soul, 472

the laws of development followed in man's origin from a brute ancestry are but methods of God, and proofs of his creatorship, 472

comes upon the scene not as a brute but as a self-conscious, self-determining being, 472

his original and new creation, both from within, 472

an emanation of that Divine Life of which the brute was a lower manifestation, 472

his nature not an undesigned result of atheous evolution but the efflux of the divine personality, 473

natural selection may account for man's placeinnature, but not for his place as a spiritual being above nature, 473

his intellectual and moral faculties have only an adequate cause in the world of spirits, 473

apart from the controlling action of a higher intelligence, the laws of the material universe insufficient for his production, 473

his brute ancestry, list of authors on, 473, 474

his racial unity, 476-483

his racial unity, a fact of Scripture, 476

his racial unity at foundation of certain Pauline doctrines, 476

his racial unity, the ground of natural brotherhood, 476

the pre-Adamite, 476, 477

his racial unity, sustained by history, 477, 478

his racial unity, sustained by philology, 478, 479

his racial unity, sustained by psychology, 479

his racial unity, sustained by physiology, 480, 483

a single species under several varieties, 480

unity of species of, argues unity of origin, 481

according to Agassiz from eight centres of origin, 481

his racial unity, consistent with all existing physical varieties, 481, 482

physiological change in, illustrated, 482

his“originally greater plasticity,”482

his racial unity, authorities on, 482, 483

the essential elements of his nature, 483-488

the dichotomous theory of his nature, 483, 484

the dichotomous theory of, supported by consciousness, 483

the dichotomous theory of, supported by Scripture, 483, 484

the trichotomous theory of his nature, 484-488

his ψυχή and πνεῦμα, 484

his spirit and soul, texts on, 484

trichotomous theory of his nature, element of truth in, 484

the trichotomous theory of his nature untenable, 485, 486

the true relation of πνεῦμα and ψυχή in his nature, 486-488

is different in kind from the brute, though possessed of certain powers in common with it, 486

since spirit is soul when in connection with the body, soul cannot be immortal unless with spiritual body, 486

the trichotomous theory of the nature of, untenable on psychological grounds, 486

a true view of the spiritual nature of, refutes six errors, 486, 487

some who have held the trichotomous view of, 487

his body, why honorable? 488

has been provided with a fleshly body, for two suggested reasons, 488

origin of his soul, 488-497

the theory of the pre-existence of his soul, 488-491

the advocates, ancient and modern, of this theory of soul pre-existence, 488, 489

the truth at the basis of soul pre-existence, 488

the theory of soul pre-existence, founded on an illusion of memory, 488

explanations of this illusion, 488

the theory of the soul's pre-existence, without Scriptural warrant, 489, 490

if his soul was conscious and personal in the pre-existent state, why is recollection even of important decisions so defective? 490

the pre-existence theory of the soul of, is of no theological assistance, 490

Müller's view of pre-existence stated and examined, 490, 491

the creatian theory of his soul, 491-493

its advocates, 491

Scripture does not teach that God immediately creates his soul, 491

creatianism repulsively false as representing him as not father of his offspring's noblest part, 492

his individuality, how best explained, 492

the creatian theory of his birth makes God the author of sin, 493

the creatian theory of his birth, certain mediating modifications of, 493

the traducian theory of his birth, 493-497

the traducian theory, its advocates, 493

the traducian theory explained, 494

the traducian theory best accords with Scripture, 494

the traducian theory is favored by the analogy of animal and vegetable life, 495

the traducian theory supported by the transmission of physical, mental, and moral characteristics, 495, 496

the traducian theory embraces the element of truth in the creatian theory in that it holds to a divine concurrence in the development of the human species, 497

his moral nature, 497-513

the powers which enter into his moral nature, 497

his conscience defined, 498

has no separate ethical faculty, 498

his conscience discriminative and impulsive, 498

his conscience distinguished from related mental processes, 499

his conscience the moral judiciary of the soul, 500

his conscience an echo of God's voice, 501

has the authority of the personal God, of whose nature law is but a transcript, 502-504

his will, 504-513

his will defined, 504, 505

his will and the other faculties, 505

his will and permanent states, 505, 506

his will and motives, 506, 507

his will and contrary choice, 507, 508

his will and his responsibility, 509, 510

his responsibility for the inherited selfish preferences of his will, its Scriptural explanation, 510

his natural bent of will to evil so constant, inveterate, and powerful that only regeneration can save him from it, 510

the hurtful nature of a deterministic theory of his will, 511-513

and his will, authors upon, 513

his original state, 514-532

his original state described only in Scripture, 514

list of authors on his original state, 514

essentials of his original state, 514-523

made“in the image of God,”what implied?, 514

made in natural likeness to God or personality, 514

made in moral likeness to God or holiness, 514

the elements in his original likeness to God, more clearly explicated, 514, 515

indwelt by the Logos or divine Reason, 515

never wholly loses“the image of God,”, 515

in a minor sense“gods”and“partakers of the divine nature,”, 515

has“a deeper depth”rooted and grounded in God, 515

created a personal being with power to know and determine self, 515

his natural likeness to God inalienable and the capacity that makes redemption possible, 515

his personality further defined, 515

should reverence his humanity, 515, 516

originally possessed such a direction of affections and will as constituted God the supreme end of his being, and himself a finite reflection of God's moral attributes, 517

his chief endowment, holiness, 517

his original righteousness as taught in Scripture, 517

in what the dignity of his human nature consists, 517

his original righteousness not the essence of his human nature, 518

his original righteousness not a gift from without and after creation, 518

his original righteousness a tendency of affections and will to God, 518

his original righteousness propagable to descendants, 518

his likeness to God, more than the perfect mutual adjustment of his spiritual powers, 519

his fall assigned by some to pre-existent state, 519

“the image of God”in, was, some say, merely the possibility (Anlage) of real likeness, 519

his individual will not the author of his condition of sin or of holiness, 519

since he originally knew God, must have loved God, 519, 520

primal“image of God,”not simply ability to be like God, but actual likeness, 520

if morally neutral, is a violator of God's law, 520

the original“image of God”in, more than capacity for religion, 520

scholastics and the Romanist church distinguished between“image”and“likeness”as applied to his first estate, 520

his nature at creation, according to Romanism, received adonum superadditumof grace, 520

his progress from the statein puris naturalibusto the statespoliatus a nudo, as the Romish church teaches, pictorially stated, 521

the Romish theory as to his original state considered in detail, 520-523

results of his original possession of the divine image, 523-525

his physical form reflects his original endowment, 523

originally possessed anæquale temperamentumof body and spirit which, though physically perfect, was only provisional, 523

had dominion over the lower creation, 524

enjoyed communion with God, 524, 525

concomitants of his possession of the divine image, 525-532

his surroundings and society fitted to afford happiness and help, 525, 526

his wife and her creation, 525

was perhaps hermaphrodite, 526

his garden, Eden, 526

provisions for trying his virtue, 526, 527

opportunity for securing for himself physical immortality, 527

the first, had he maintained his integrity, would have been developed and transformed without undergoing death, 527

the Scriptural view of his original state opposed by those who hold a prehistoric development of the race from savagery to civilization, 527

the originally savage condition of, an ill-founded assumption, 527-531

the Scriptural account of his original state opposed by those who hold the Positivist theory of the three consecutive conditions of knowledge, 531

the assumption that he must hold fetichism, polytheism, and monotheism in successive steps, if he progresses religiously, contradicted by facts, 531, 532

monotheistic before polytheistic, 531, 532

in some stocks never practiced fetichism, 532

the earliest discovered sepulchral remains of, prove by presence of food and weapons an advance upon fetichism, 532

his theologic thought not transient but rooted in his intuitions and desires, 532

in what sense a law unto himself, 539

as finite needs law, 542

as a free being needs moral law, 542

as a progressive being needs an ideal and infinite standard of attainment, 542

according to Scripture responsible for more than his merely personal acts, 634

not wholly a spontaneous development of inborn tendencies, 649

the ideal, realized only in Christ, 678, 679

his reconciliation to God, 777-885

his perfection reached only in the world to come, 981

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