International Bank for Economic Cooperation (IBEC) was established on 22 October 1963 to promote economic cooperation and development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter _________________________________________________________________
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)note-also known as the World Bankaddress-1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, UStelephone-[1] (202) 477 1234FAX-[1] (202) 477 6391established-22 July 1944effective-27 December 1945aim-to provide economic development loans; a UN specialized agencymembers-(181) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, ElSalvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, SouthKorea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States ofMicronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,Palau, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe,Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia,Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan,Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan,Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) address-38 Cours Albert 1st, F-75008 Paris, France telephone-[33] (1) 49 53 28 28 FAX-[33] (1) 49 53 29 42 established-NA 1919 aim-to promote free trade and private enterprise and to represent business interests at national and international levels members-(62 national councils) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Cote d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Mexico, Morocco, Netherlands, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Peru, Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia _________________________________________________________________
International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)address-ICAO, 999 University Street, Montreal H3C 5H7, Canadatelephone-[1] (514) 954 8219FAX-[1] (514) 954 6077established-7 December 1944effective-4 April 1947aim-to promote international cooperation in civil aviation; a UNspecialized agencymembers-(185) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus,Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt,El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, NorthKorea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon,Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former YugoslavRepublic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali,Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, FederatedStates of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria,Norway, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda,Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, SaoTome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad andTobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) address-ICRC, 19 av de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland telephone-[41] (22) 734 60 01 FAX-[41] (22) 733 20 57 established-NA 1863 aim-to provide humanitarian aid in wartime members-(25 individuals) all Swiss nationals _________________________________________________________________
International Confederation of Free Trade Unions (ICFTU)address-International Trade Union House, Bd Emile Jacqmain 155, B-1210Brussels, Belgiumtelephone-[32] (2) 224 02 11FAX-[32] (2) 201 58 15, 203 07 56established-NA December 1949aim-to promote the trade union movementmembers-(19,487 affiliated organizations in the following 136countries) Algeria, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia,Austria, The Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Basque Country, Belgium,Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso,Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Curacao, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, ElSalvador, Eritrea, Estonia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, Finland, France,French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,Guatemala, Guinea, Guyana, Holy See, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary,Iceland, India, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Lebanon, Liberia, Lithuania,Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritius,Mexico, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Netherlands,New Caledonia, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, PapuaNew Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, PuertoRico, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Senegal,Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain,Sri Lanka, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Tanzania,Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda,UK, US, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Court of Justice (ICJ) note-also known as the World Court address-Peace Palace, NL-2517 KJ The Hague, Netherlands telephone-[31] (70) 302 23 23 FAX-[31] (70) 364 99 28 established-26 June 1945 effective-24 October 1945 aim-primary judicial organ of the UN members-(15 judges) elected by the UN General Assembly and Security Council to represent all principal legal systems _________________________________________________________________
International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol)address-BP 6041, F-69411 Lyon CEDEX 06, Francetelephone-[33] (4) 72 44 70 00FAX-[33] (4) 72 44 71 63established-13 June 1956aim-to promote international cooperation among police authorities infighting crimesubbureaus-(176) Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan,The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei,Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon,The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala,Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland,India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos,Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ,Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua NewGuinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent andthe Grenadines, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia,South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden,Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad andTobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwesubbureaus-(11) American Samoa, Anguilla, Bermuda, British VirginIslands, Cayman Islands, Gibraltar, Hong Kong, Macau, Montserrat,Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands_________________________________________________________________
International Development Association (IDA)address-1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, UStelephone-[1] (202) 477 1234FAX-[1] (202) 477 6391established-26 January 1960effective-24 September 1960aim-UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliate that provides economicloans for low income countriesmembers-(159)Part I-(26 developed countries) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada,Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan,Kuwait, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Russia, SouthAfrica, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UAE, UK, USPart II-(133 less developed countries) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Belize, Benin,Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, BurkinaFaso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central AfricanRepublic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republicof the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Djibouti, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,Kiribati, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho,Liberia, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia,Morocco, Mozambique, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan,Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Rwanda,Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone,Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan,Swaziland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga,Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Energy Agency (IEA) address-2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France telephone-[33] (1) 45 24 82 00 FAX-[33] (1) 45 24 99 88 established-15 November 1974 aim-to promote cooperation on energy matters, especially emergency oil sharing and relations between oil consumers and oil producers; established by the OECD members-(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US _________________________________________________________________
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) note-formerly known as League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS) address-Chemin des Crets 17, CP 372, Petit-Saconnex, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland telephone-[41] (22) 730 4222 FAX-[41] (22) 733 0395 established-5 May 1919 aim-to organize, coordinate, and direct international relief actions; to promote humanitarian activities; to represent and encourage the development of National Societies; to bring help to victims of armed conflicts, refugees, and displaced people; to reduce the vulnerability of people through development programs members-(170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe associate members-(13) Andorra, Antigua and Barbuda, Comoros, Cyprus, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Kiribati, Namibia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Seychelles, Suriname, Tuvalu, Vanuatu _________________________________________________________________
International Finance Corporation (IFC)address-1850 I Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, UStelephone-[1] (202) 473 0631FAX-[1] (202) 676 0631established-25 May 1955effective-20 July 1956aim-to support private enterprise in international economicdevelopment; a UN specialized agency and IBRD affiliatemembers-(170) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria,Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, CentralAfrican Republic, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republicof the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire,Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica,Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia,Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea,Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India,Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, TheFormer Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,Maldives, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico,Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco,Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger,Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, SaintKitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Samoa, Saudi Arabia, Senegal,Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, SolomonIslands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland,Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo,Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK,US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)address-Via del Serafico 107, I-00142 Rome, Italytelephone-[39] (6) 54591FAX-[39] (6) 5043463established-NA November 1974aim-to promote agricultural development; a UN specialized agencymembers-(160)Category I-(22 industrialized aid contributors) Australia, Austria,Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland,Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USCategory II-(12 petroleum-exporting aid contributors) Algeria, Gabon,Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia,UAE, VenezuelaCategory III-(126 aid recipients) Afghanistan, Albania, Angola,Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh,Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, CookIslands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti,Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, EquatorialGuinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, The Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Grenada,Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India,Israel, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kyrgyzstan,Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique,Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua NewGuinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Romania, Rwanda, Saint Kitts andNevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tomeand Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands,Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria,Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,Tunisia, Turkey, Uganda, Uruguay, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) note-name changed from International Hydrographic Bureau on 22 September 1970 address-BP 445, 7 avenue President J F Kennedy, Monte Carlo MC 98011 CEDEX, Monaco telephone-[33] (93) 50 65 87 FAX-[33] (93) 25 20 03 established-NA June 1919 effective-NA June 1921 aim-to train hydrographic surveyors and nautical cartographers to achieve standardization in nautical charts and electronic chart displays; to provide advice on nautical cartography and hydrography; to develop the sciences in the field of hydrography and techniques used for descriptive oceanography members-(60) Argentina, Australia, Bahrain, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cuba, Cyprus, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, Malaysia, Monaco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Suriname, Sweden, Syria, Thailand, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turkey, UAE, US, UK, Uruguay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia permanent members-(10) Algeria, Bulgaria, Colombia, Croatia, Estonia, Jamaica, Mauritania, Morocco, Qatar, Tunisia _________________________________________________________________
International Investment Bank (IIB) established on 7 July 1970; to promote economic development; members were Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, USSR, Vietnam; now it is a Russian bank with a new charter _________________________________________________________________
International Labor Organization (ILO)address-International Labor Office, 4 route des Morillons, CH-1211Geneva 22, Switzerlandtelephone-[41] (22) 799 61 11FAX-[41] (22) 798 86 85established-11 April 1919 (affiliated with the UN 14 December 1946)aim-to deal with world labor issues; a UN specialized agencymembers-(174) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria,Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde,Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros,Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France,Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy,Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait,Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Lithuania,Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Moldova,Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ,Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua NewGuinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent andthe Grenadines, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia,Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia,Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania,Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan,Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam,Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Maritime Organization (IMO)note-name changed from Intergovernmental Maritime ConsultativeOrganization (IMCO) on 22 May 1982address-4 Albert Embankment, London SE1 7SR, UKtelephone-[44] (171) 735 7611FAX-[44] (171) 587 3210established-17 March 1958aim-to deal with international maritime affairs; a UN specializedagencymembers-(155) Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda,Argentina, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain,Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bolivia, Bosnia andHerzegovina, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burma, Cambodia, Cameroon,Canada, Cape Verde, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of theCongo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia,Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea,Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia,Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana,Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya,Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama,Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal,Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines,Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia,South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland,Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey,Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela,Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia (suspended)associate members-(2) Hong Kong, Macau_________________________________________________________________
International Maritime Satellite Organization (Inmarsat) see International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat) _________________________________________________________________
International Mobile Satellite Organization (Inmarsat) note-formerly International Maritime Satellite Organization address-99 City Road, London EC1Y 1AX, UK telephone-[44] (171) 728 1212 FAX-[44] (171) 728 1602 established-3 September 1976 effective-26 July 1979 aim-to provide worldwide communications for commercial, distress, and safety applications, at sea, in the air, and on land members-(79) Algeria, Argentina, Australia, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Gabon, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Kuwait, Lebanon, Liberia, Malaysia, Malta, Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mozambique, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Yugoslavia _________________________________________________________________
International Monetary Fund (IMF)address-700 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20431, UStelephone-[1] (202) 623 7000FAX-[1] (202) 623 4661, 623 7491, 623 4662established-22 July 1944effective-27 December 1945aim-to promote world monetary stability and economic development; a UNspecialized agencymembers-(182) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, ElSalvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece,Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras,Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel,Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, SouthKorea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia,Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta,Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States ofMicronesia, Moldova, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal,Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan,Palua, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tomeand Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad andTobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia,Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Olympic Committee (IOC)note-there are 194 National Olympic Committees of which 185 arerecognized by the International Olympic Committeeaddress-Chateau de Vidy, CH-1007 Lausanne, Switzerlandtelephone-[41] (21) 621 61 11FAX-[41] (21) 621 62 16established-23 June 1894aim-to promote the Olympic ideals and administer the Olympic games:1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States (20 July-4 August);1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan (date NA); 2000 Summer Olympicsin Sydney, Australia (date NA); 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt LakeCity, United States (date NA)National Olympic Committees-(196 and the Palestine LiberationOrganization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra,Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Australia,Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados,Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia andHerzegovina, Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei,Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada,Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile,China, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republicof the Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba,Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea,Guinea-Bissau, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, TheGambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Guatemala,Guinea, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Iceland, India,Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos,Latvia, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius,Mexico, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, Netherlands Antilles, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger,Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay,Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Romania,Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent andthe Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, SaudiArabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia,Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka,Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Taiwan,Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay,Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands, Yemen,Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), Zambia, Zimbabwe, PalestineLiberation Organization_________________________________________________________________
International Organization for Migration (IOM) note-established as Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for European Migration (ICEM) on 15 November 1952; renamed Intergovernmental Committee for Migration (ICM) in November 1980; current name adopted 14 November 1989 address-17 route des Morillons, CP 71, CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland telephone-[41] (22) 717 91 11 FAX-[41] (22) 798 61 50 established-5 December 1951 aim-to facilitate orderly international emigration and immigration members-(59) Albania, Angola, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belgium, Bolivia, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kenya, South Korea, Liberia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Nicaragua, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Senegal, Slovakia, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Thailand, Uganda, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zambia observers-(48) Afghanistan, Belarus, Belize, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Cape Verde, Federation of Ethnic Communities' Council of Australia Inc., Georgia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Holy See, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Japan International Friendship and Welfare Foundation, Jordan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Mexico, Moldova, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, NZ, Niwano Peace Foundation, Partnership with the Children of the Third World, Presiding Bishop's Fund for World Relief/Episcopal Church, Refugee Council of Australia, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, San Marino, Sao Tome and Principe, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sudan, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe _________________________________________________________________
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) address-CP 56, 1 rue de Varembe, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland telephone-[41] (22) 749 01 11 FAX-[41] (22) 733 34 30 established-NA February 1947 aim-to promote the development of international standards with a view to facilitating international exchange of goods and services and to developing cooperation in the sphere of intellectual, scientific, technological and economic activity members-(86 national standards organizations) Albania, Algeria, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Ecuador, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Libya, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malaysia, Mauritius, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, Netherlands, NZ, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zimbabwe correspondent members-(24) Bahrain, Barbados, Botswana, Brunei, Estonia, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Malawi, Malta, Mozambique, Nepal, Oman, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE subscriber members-(9) Antigua and Barbuda, Bolivia, Cambodia, Dominican Republic, Fiji, Grenada, Guyana, Namibia, Saint Lucia _________________________________________________________________
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement (ICRM)address-CICR, 19 avenue de la Paix, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerlandtelephone-[41] (22) 734 60 01FAX-[41] (22) 733 20 57established-NA 1928aim-to promote worldwide humanitarian aid through the InternationalCommittee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in wartime, and InternationalFederation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS; formerlyLeague of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies or LORCS) in peacetimeNational Societies-(163 countries) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria,Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria,The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Belize, Benin,Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi,Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo,Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Fiji,Finland, France, The Gambia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada,Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hungary,Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Latvia,Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mexico, Monaco, Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia,Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Pakistan,Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland,Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino, Sao Tomeand Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone,Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa,Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland,Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,Turkey, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela,Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)address-Place des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerlandtelephone-[41] (22) 730 6184FAX-[41] (22) 733 7256, 730 6614established-9 December 1932effective-1 January 1934affiliated with the UN-15 November 1947aim-to deal with world telecommunications issues; a UN specializedagencymembers-(187) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antiguaand Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, TheBahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belgium, Belize,Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Botswana, Brazil,Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon,Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China,Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador,Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia,Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana,Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, HolySee, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq,Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya,Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia,Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania,Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Madagascar,Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania,Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco,Mongolia, Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ,Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua NewGuinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania,Russia, Rwanda, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, San Marino,Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Singapore,Slovakia, Slovenia, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, SriLanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago,Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Uganda, Ukraine, UAE, UK, US,Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia(suspended), Zambia, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (Intelsat)address-Intelsat, 3400 International Drive NW, Washington, DC20008-3098, UStelephone-[1] (202) 944 7500FAX-[1] (202) 944 7890established-20 August 1971effective-12 February 1973aim-to develop and operate a global commercial telecommunicationssatellite systemmembers-(140) Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Argentina, Armenia,Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh,Barbados, Belgium, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Botswana, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Canada,Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia,Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica,Cote d'Ivoire, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia,Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Guatemala,Guinea, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia,Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan,Kazakhstan, Kenya, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya,Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Mali, Malta,Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Monaco,Morocco, Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua,Niger, Nigeria, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia,Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa,Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria,Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia,Turkey, Uganda, UAE, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen,Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwenonsignatory users-(44) Albania, Antigua and Barbuda, Belarus, Belize,Burma, Burundi, Cambodia, Comoros, Cook Islands, Cuba, Djibouti,Eritrea, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Kiribati, North Korea,Laos, Latvia, Lesotho, Liberia, Lithuania, The Former YugoslavRepublic of Macedonia, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Moldova, Mongolia,Nauru, Niue, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, SaoTome and Principe, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Slovakia, Slovenia,Solomon Islands, Suriname, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu, Ukraine,Vanuatu_________________________________________________________________
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) address-P.O. Box 5925, Jeddah 21432, Saudi Arabia telephone-[966] (2) 6361400 FAX-[966] (2) 6366871 established-15 December 1973 aim-to promote Islamic economic aid and social development members-(48 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization _________________________________________________________________
Latin American Economic System (LAES) note-also known as Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA) address-SELA, Avda Francisco de Miranda, Torre Europa, piso 4, Chacaito, Apartado de Correos 17035, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela telephone-[58] (2) 905 5111 FAX-[58] (2) 951 6953, 951 7246 established-17 October 1975 aim-to promote economic and social development through regional cooperation members-(27) Argentina, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela _________________________________________________________________
Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) note-also known as Asociacion Latinoamericana de Integracion (ALADI) address-Calle Cebollati 1461, Casilla de Correo 577, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay telephone-[598] (2) 40 11 21, 49 59 15 FAX-[598] (2) 49 06 49 established-12 August 1980 effective-18 March 1981 aim-to promote freer regional trade members-(11) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela observers-(20) China, Commission of the European Communities, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Inter-American Development Bank, Italy, Nicaragua, Organization of American States, Panama, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Spain, Switzerland, United Nations Development Program, United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean _________________________________________________________________
League of Arab States (LAS) see Arab League (AL) _________________________________________________________________
League of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (LORCS) see International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRCS) _________________________________________________________________
least developed countries (LLDCs) that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) initially identified by the UN General Assembly in 1971 as having no significant economic growth, per capita GDPs normally less than $1,000, and low literacy rates; also known as the undeveloped countries; the 42 LLDCs are: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Benin, Bhutan, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burma, Burundi, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, Laos, Lesotho, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambique, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Vanuatu, Yemen _________________________________________________________________
less developed countries (LDCs)the bottom group in the hierarchy of developed countries (DCs), formerUSSR/Eastern Europe (former USSR/EE), and less developed countries(LDCs); mainly countries and dependent areas with low levels ofoutput, living standards, and technology; per capita GDPs aregenerally below $5,000 and often less than $1,500; however, the groupalso includes a number of countries with high per capita incomes,areas of advanced technology, and rapid rates of growth; includes theadvanced developing countries, developing countries, Four Dragons(Four Tigers), least developed countries (LLDCs), low-incomecountries, middle-income countries, newly industrializing economies(NIEs), the South, Third World, underdeveloped countries, undevelopedcountries; the 172 LDCs are: Afghanistan, Algeria, American Samoa,Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, The Bahamas,Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia,Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma,Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, CentralAfrican Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands,Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of theCongo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus,Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, FrenchGuiana, French Polynesia, Gabon, The Gambia, Gaza Strip, Ghana,Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey,Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India,Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jersey, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, NorthKorea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya,Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Isle of Man,Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte,Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco,Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, NewCaledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, NorthernMariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea,Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Qatar,Reunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia,Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa,Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, SierraLeone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan,Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau,Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu,UAE, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands,Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe;note-similar to the new International Monetary Fund (IMF) term"developing countries" which adds Malta, Mexico, South Africa, andTurkey but omits in its recently published statistics American Samoa,Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman Islands, ChristmasIsland, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland Islands,French Guiana, French Polynesia, Gaza Strip, Gibraltar, Greenland,Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guernsey, Jersey, North Korea, Macau, Isleof Man, Martinique, Mayotte, Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue,Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Pitcairn Islands,Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and Miquelon,Tokelau, Tonga, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands,Wallis and Futuna, West Bank, Western Sahara_________________________________________________________________
low-income countries another term for those less developed countries with below-average per capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs) _________________________________________________________________
London Suppliers Group see Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) _________________________________________________________________
Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur) see Southern Cone Common Market _________________________________________________________________
middle-income countries another term for those less developed countries with above-average per capita GDPs; see less developed countries (LDCs) _________________________________________________________________
Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) established-16 April 1987 aim-to arrest the proliferation of missiles (unmanned delivery vehicles of mass destruction) by controlling the export of key missile technologies and equipment members-(28) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Portugal, Russia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, US _________________________________________________________________
Near Abroad Russian term for the 14 non-Russian successor states of the USSR, in which 25 million ethnic Russians live and in which Moscow has expressed a strong national security interest; the 14 countries are Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan _________________________________________________________________
newly industrializing countries (NICs) former term for the newly industrializing economies; see newly industrializing economies (NIEs) _________________________________________________________________
newly industrializing economies (NIEs) that subgroup of the less developed countries (LDCs) that has experienced particularly rapid industrialization of their economies; formerly known as the newly industrializing countries (NICs); also known as advanced developing countries; usually includes the Four Dragons (Hong Kong, South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan), and Brazil _________________________________________________________________
Nonaligned Movement (NAM)address-Permanent Rep of Colombia to the United Nations, New York, NY10017, UStelephone-[1] (212) 963 1234FAX-[1] (212) 758 2718established-1-6 September 1961aim-to establish political and military cooperation apart from thetraditional East or West blocsmembers-(112 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan,Algeria, Angola, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize,Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burma,Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic,Chad, Chile, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo,Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Ecuador,Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana,Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Honduras, India,Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, North Korea, Kuwait,Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia,Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mongolia, Morocco,Mozambique, Namibia, Nepal, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan,Panama, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, SaintLucia, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles,Sierra Leone, Singapore, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan,Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad andTobago, Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu,Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Yugoslavia, Zambia, Zimbabwe, PalestineLiberation Organizationobservers-(20) Afro-Asian Solidarity Organization, Antigua andBarbuda, Arab League, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Brazil, China, Costa Rica,Croatia, Dominica, El Salvador, Kanaka Socialist National LiberationFront (New Caledonia), Mexico, Mongolia, Organization of AfricanUnity, Organization of the Islamic Conference, Socialist Party ofPuerto Rico, UN, Uruguayguests-(22) Australia, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,Canada, Dominican Republic, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy,Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, San Marino,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland_________________________________________________________________
Nordic Council (NC) address-Store Strandstraede 18, PB 3043, DK-1021 Kobenhavn K, Denmark telephone-[45] 33 96 04 00 FAX-[45] 33 11 18 70 established-16 March 1952 effective-12 February 1953 aim-to promote regional economic, cultural, and environmental cooperation members-(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden observers-(3) the Sami (Lapp) local parliaments of Finland, Norway, and Sweden _________________________________________________________________
Nordic Investment Bank (NIB) address-Fabianinkatu 34, P.O. Box 249, FIN-00171 Helsinki, Finland telephone-[358] (0) 18001 FAX-[358] (0) 1800210 established-4 December 1975 effective-1 June 1976 aim-to promote economic cooperation and development members-(5) Denmark (including Faroe Islands and Greenland), Finland (including Aland Islands), Iceland, Norway, Sweden _________________________________________________________________
North a popular term for the rich industrialized countries generally located in the northern portion of the Northern Hemisphere; the counterpart of the South; see developed countries (DCs) _________________________________________________________________
North Atlantic Cooperation Council (NACC) note-see Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) _________________________________________________________________
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) address-B-1110 Brussels, Belgium telephone-[32] (2) 707 4111 FAX-[32] (2) 707 4579 established-17 September 1949 aim-to promote mutual defense and cooperation members-(16) Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, UK, US _________________________________________________________________
Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) address-AEN/NEA, Le Seine St. Germain, 12 bd des Iles, F-92130 Issy-les-Moulineaux, France telephone-[33] (1) 45 24 10 10 FAX-[33] (1) 45 24 11 10 established-NA 1958 aim-to promote the peaceful uses of nuclear energy; associated with OECD members-(23) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US _________________________________________________________________
Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) note-also known as the London Suppliers Group or the London Group address-c/o Permanent Mission of Japan in Vienna, Prinz-Eugen Strasse 8-10, A-1040 Vienna, Austria telephone-[43] (1) 505 5467 FAX-[43] (1) 505 6167 established-NA 1974 effective-NA 1975 aim-to establish guidelines for exports of nuclear materials, processing equipment for uranium enrichment, and technical information to countries of proliferation concern and regions of conflict and instability members-(34) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, UK, US observer-(1) European Commission (a policy-planning body for the EU) _________________________________________________________________
Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la America Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL) see Agency for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin America and the Caribbean (OPANAL) _________________________________________________________________
Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) address-2 rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris CEDEX 16, France telephone-[33] (1) 45 24 82 00 FAX-[33] (1) 45 24 85 00, 45 24 81 76 established-14 December 1960 effective-30 September 1961 aim-to promote economic cooperation and development members-(29) Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, UK, US special members-(1) EU _________________________________________________________________
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) note-formerly the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) address-Karntner Ring 5-7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria telephone-[43] (1) 514 36-190 FAX-[43] (1) 514 36-96 established-1 January 1995 aim-to foster the implementation of human rights, fundamental freedoms, democracy, and the rule of law; to act as an instrument of early warning, conflict prevention and crisis management; and to serve as a framework for conventional arms control and confidence building measures members-(55) Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Malta, Moldova, Monaco, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, San Marino, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, UK, US, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia (suspended) partners for cooperation-(7) Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Tunisia _________________________________________________________________
Organization of African Unity (OAU) address-P. O. Box 3243, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia telephone-[251] (1) 517700 FAX-[251] (1) 512622 established-25 May 1963 aim-to promote unity and cooperation among African states members-(53) Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe _________________________________________________________________
Organization of American States (OAS) address-corner of 17th Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20006, US telephone-[1] (202) 458 3000 FAX-[1] (202) 458 3967 established-30 April 1948 effective-13 December 1951 aim-to promote regional peace and security as well as economic and social development members-(35) Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba (excluded from formal participation since 1962), Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, US, Uruguay, Venezuela observers-(31) Algeria, Angola, Austria, Belgium, Central American Parliament, Commission of the European Communities, Cyprus, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Holy See, Hungary, India, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Morocco, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, Tunisia _________________________________________________________________
Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC) address-P.O. Box 20501, Safat 13066, Kuwait telephone-[965] 4844500 FAX-[965] 4815747 established-9 January 1968 aim-to promote cooperation in the petroleum industry members-(10) Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, UAE _________________________________________________________________
Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) address-OECS, P.O. Box 179, The Morne, Castries, St. Lucia telephone-[1] (809) 45 22537, 45 22538, 45 36401 FAX-[1] (809) 45 31628 established-18 June 1981 effective-4 July 1981 aim-to promote political, economic, and defense cooperation members-(7) Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, Montserrat, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines associate members-(2) Anguilla, British Virgin Islands _________________________________________________________________
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) address-Obere Donaustrasse 93, A-1020 Vienna, Austria telephone-[43] (1) 21 11 20 FAX-[43] (1) 216 43 20 established-14 September 1960 aim-to coordinate petroleum policies members-(11) Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Venezuela _________________________________________________________________
Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) address-6 km Makkah Al-Mukarramah Road, P.O. Box 178, Jeddah 21411, Saudi Arabia telephone-[966] (2) 680-0800 FAX-[966] (2) 687-6568 established-22-25 September 1969 aim-to promote Islamic solidarity in economic, social, cultural, and political affairs members-(53 plus the Palestine Liberation Organization) Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, The Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, UAE, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Palestine Liberation Organization observers-(6) Bosnia and Herzegovina, Central African Republic, Guyana, Moro National Liberation Front (Philippines), Togo, "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" _________________________________________________________________
Paris Club see Group of 10 _________________________________________________________________
Partnership for Peace (PFP) address-NATO Office of Information and Press, B-1110 Brussels, Belgium telephone-[32] (2) 728 44 15 FAX-[32] (2) 728 45 79 established-10-11 January 1994 aim-to expand and intensify political and military cooperation throughout Europe, increase stability, diminish threats to peace, and build relationships by promoting the spirit of practical cooperation and commitment to democratic principles that underpin NATO; program under the auspices of NATO members-(27) Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Georgia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan _________________________________________________________________
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA)address-Peace Palace, Carnegieplein 2, NL-2517 KJ The Hague,Netherlandstelephone-[31] (70) 302 42 42FAX-[31] (70) 302 41 67established-29 July 1899aim-to facilitate the settlement of international disputesmembers-(83) Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bolivia,Brazil, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Chile,China, Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Cuba, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador,Fiji, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras,Hungary, Iceland, India, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Italy, Japan, Jordan,Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lebanon, Libya, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta,Mauritius, Mexico, Netherlands, NZ, Nicaragua, Nigeria, Norway,Pakistan, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia,Senegal, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan,Suriname, Swaziland, Sweden, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, Uganda,Ukraine, UK, US, Uruguay, Venezuela, Zimbabwe_________________________________________________________________
Population Commission see Commission on Population and Development _________________________________________________________________
Rio Group (RG) note-formerly known as Grupo de los Ocho, established in December 1986 established-NA 1988 aim-to consult on regional Latin American issues members-(12) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela _________________________________________________________________
Second World another term for the traditionally Marxist-Leninist states of the USSR and Eastern Europe, with authoritarian governments and command economies based on the Soviet model; the term is fading from use; see centrally planned economies _________________________________________________________________
Sistema Economico Latinoamericana (SELA) note-see Latin American Economic System (LAES) _________________________________________________________________
Social Commission see Commission for Social Development _________________________________________________________________
socialist countries in general, countries in which the government owns and plans the use of the major factors of production; note-the term is sometimes used incorrectly as a synonym for communist countries _________________________________________________________________
South a popular term for the poorer, less industrialized countries generally located south of the developed countries; the counterpart of the North; see less developed countries (LDCs) _________________________________________________________________
South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) address-P.O. Box 4222, Kathmandu, Nepal telephone-[977] (1) 221785, 226350, 221792, 228029 FAX-[977] (1) 227033, 223991 established-8 December 1985 aim-to promote economic, social, and cultural cooperation members-(7) Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka _________________________________________________________________
South Pacific Commission (SPC) address-Anse Vata, BP D5, 98848 Noumea CEDEX, New Caledonia telephone-[687] 26 20 00 FAX-[687] 26 38 18 established-6 February 1947 effective-29 July 1948 aim-to promote regional cooperation in economic and social matters members-(26) American Samoa, Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, France, French Polynesia, Guam, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, New Caledonia, NZ, Niue, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Pitcairn Islands, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tokelau, Tonga, Tuvalu, US, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna _________________________________________________________________
South Pacific Forum (SPF) address-c/o Forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road, Private Mail Bag, Suva, Fiji telephone-[679] 312 600, 303 106 FAX-[679] 301 102, 305 573 established-5 August 1971 aim-to promote regional cooperation in political matters members-(16) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu _________________________________________________________________
South Pacific Regional Trade and Economic Cooperation Agreement (Sparteca) address-c/o forum Secretariat, Ratu Sukuna Road GPO Box 856, Suva, Fiji telephone-[679] 312 600, 303 106 FAX-[679] 302 204 established-NA 1981 aim-to redress unequal trade relationships of Australia and New Zealand with small island economies in the Pacific region members-(15) Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Nauru, NZ, Niue, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu _________________________________________________________________
Southern African Customs Union (SACU) address-Director, State Revenue, Private Bag 13185, Windhoek, Namibia, or Director General, Trade and Industry, Private Bag X84, Pretoria 0001, South Africa, or Director of Customs and Excise, Private Bag 0041, Gaborone, Botswana, or Director of Customs and Excise, P. O. Box 891, Maseru 100, Lesotho, or Chief Customs Officer, P.O. Box 489, Manzini, Swaziland established-11 December 1969 aim-to promote free trade and cooperation in customs matters members-(5) Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland _________________________________________________________________
Southern African Development Community (SADC) note-evolved from the Southern African Development Coordination Conference (SADCC) address-Private Bag 0095, Gaborone, Botswana telephone-[267] (31) 351863, 351864, 351865 FAX-[267] (31) 372848 established-17 August 1992 aim-to promote regional economic development and integration members-(12) Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe _________________________________________________________________
Southern Cone Common Market (Mercosur) note-also known as Mercado Comun del Cono Sur (Mercosur) address-Rincon 575 P 12, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay telephone-[598] (2) 964590 FAX-[598] (2) 964591 established-26 March 1991 aim-to increase regional economic cooperation members-(4) Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay associate member-(1) Chile _________________________________________________________________
Statistical Commission address-Division for Policy and Coordination and ECOSOC Affairs, Department for Policy Coordination and Sustainable Development, United Nations, Room 2963, New York, NY 10017, US telephone-[1] (212) 963 1234 FAX-[1] (212) 963 5935 established-21 June 1946 aim-to deal with development and standardization of national statistics of interest to the UN, as part of the Economic and Social Council organization members-(24) selected on a rotating basis from all regions _________________________________________________________________