Gabongas 210 km; oil 1,426 km; water 3 km (2003)
Georgiagas 1,495 km; oil 1,029 km; refined products 232 km (2003)
Germanycondensate 325 km; gas 25,289 km; oil 3,743 km; refinedproducts 3,827 km (2003)
Ghanarefined products 74 km (2003)
Gibraltar0 km
Greecegas 1,531 km; oil 108 km (2003)
Guatemalaoil 480 km (2003)
Hungarygas 4,397 km; oil 990 km; refined products 335 km (2003)
Indiagas 5,798 km; liquid petroleum gas 1,195 km; oil 5,613 km;refined products 5,567 km (2003)
Indonesiacondensate 672 km; condensate/gas 125 km; gas 8,183 km;oil 7,429 km; oil/gas/water 66 km; refined products 1,329 km; water72 km (2003)
Irancondensate/gas 212 km; gas 16,998 km; liquid petroleum gas 570km; oil 8,256 km; refined products 7,808 km (2003)
Iraqgas 1,739 km; oil 5,418 km; refined products 1,343 km (2003)
Irelandgas 1,795 km (2003)
Israelgas 100 km; oil 1,509 km (2003)
Italygas 17,448 km; oil 1,245 km (2003)
Jamaicapetroleum products 10 km
Japangas 2,719 km; oil 170 km; oil/gas/water 60 km (2003)
Jordangas 10 km; oil 743 km (2003)
Kazakhstancondensate 640 km; gas 10,527 km; oil 9,771 km; refinedproducts 1,187 km; water 1,465 km (2003)
Kenyarefined products 752 km (2003)
Korea, Northoil 136 km (2003)
Korea, Southgas 1,433 km; refined products 827 km (2003)
Kuwaitgas 169 km; oil 540 km; refined products 57 km (2003)
Kyrgyzstangas 367 km; oil 13 km (2003)
Laosrefined products 540 km (2003)
Latviagas 1,097 km; oil 412 km; refined products 421 km (2003)
Lebanonoil 209 km (2003)
Libyacondensate 225 km; gas 3,196 km; oil 6,872 km (2003)
Liechtensteingas 20 km (2003)
Lithuaniagas 1,698 km; oil 331 km; refined products 109 km (2003)
Luxembourggas 155 km (2003)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic ofgas 268 km; oil 120 km(2003)
Malaysiacondensate 279 km; gas 5,047 km; oil 1,841 km; refinedproducts 114 km (2003)
Mexicocrude oil 28,200 km; petroleum products 10,150 km; naturalgas 13,254 km; petrochemical 1,400 km
Midway Islands7.8 km
Moldovagas 606 km (2003)
Moroccogas 695 km; oil 285 km (2003)
Mozambiquegas 189 km; refined products 292 km (2003)
Netherlandscondensate 325 km; gas 6,998 km; oil 590 km; refinedproducts 716 km (2003)
New Zealandgas 2,213 km; liquid petroleum gas 79 km; oil 160 km;refined products 304 km (2003)
Nicaraguaoil 54 km (2003)
Nigeriacondensate 105 km; gas 1,660 km; oil 3,634 km (2003)
Norwaycondensate 411 km; gas 6,199 km; oil 2,213 km; oil/gas/water746 km; unknown (oil/water) 38 km; water 96 km (2003)
Omangas 3,599 km; oil 3,187 km (2003)
Pakistangas 9,945 km; oil 1,821 km (2003)
Panamacrude oil 130 km (2001)
Papua New Guineaoil 264 km (2003)
Perugas 388 km; oil 1,557 km; refined products 13 km (2003)
Philippinesgas 565 km; oil 135 km; refined products 100 km (2003)
Polandgas 12,901 km; oil 737 km (2003)
Portugalgas 482 km (2003)
Qatarcondensate 90 km; condensate/gas 209 km; gas 902 km; liquidpetroleum gas 87 km; oil 722 km; oil/gas/water 41 km (2003)
Romaniagas 3,508 km; oil 2,427 km (2003)
Russiagas 135,771 km; oil 70,833 km; refined products 11,536 km;water 23 km (2003)
Saudi Arabiacondensate 212 km; gas 837 km; liquid petroleum gas1,187 km; oil 5,062 km; refined products 69 km (2003)
Senegalgas 564 km (2003)
Serbia and Montenegrogas 3,177 km; oil 393 km (2003)
Singaporegas 139 km (2003)
Slovakiagas 6,769 km; oil 449 km (2003)
Sloveniagas 2,526 km; oil 11 km (2003)
Somaliacrude oil 15 km
South Africacondensate 100 km; gas 741 km; oil 847 km; refinedproducts 1,354 km (2003)
Spaingas 7,290 km; oil 730 km; refined products 3,110 km; unknown(oil/water) 397 km (2003)
Sri Lankacrude oil and petroleum products 62 km (1987)
Sudangas 156 km; oil 2,297 km; refined products 810 km (2003)
Surinameoil 51 km (2003)
Swedengas 798 km (2003)
Switzerlandgas 1,831 km; oil 212 km; refined products 7 km (2003)
Syriagas 2,300 km; oil 2,183 km (2003)
Taiwancondensate 25 km; gas 435 km (2003)
Tajikistangas 540 km; oil 38 km (2003)
Tanzaniagas 5 km; oil 866 km (2003)
Thailandgas 3,066 km; refined products 265 km (2003)
Trinidad and Tobago condensate 253 km; gas 1,117 km; oil 478 km (2003)
Tunisiagas 3,059 km; oil 1,203 km; refined products 345 km (2003)
Turkeygas 3,177 km; oil 3,562 km (2003)
Turkmenistangas 6,634 km; oil 853 km (2003)
Ukrainegas 20,069 km; oil 4,435 km; refined products 4,098 km (2003)
United Arab Emiratescondensate 383 km; gas 1,765 km; liquidpetroleum gas 186 km; oil 1,266 km (2003)
United Kingdomcondensate 370 km; gas 21,263 km; liquid petroleumgas 59 km; oil 6,420 km; oil/gas/water 63 km; refined products 4,474km; water 650 km (2003)
United Statespetroleum products 244,620 km; natural gas 548,665 km(2003)
Uruguaygas 192 km (2003)
Uzbekistangas 9,012 km; oil 869 km; refined products 33 km (2003)
Venezuelaextra heavy crude 992 km; gas 5,262 km; oil 7,484 km;refined products 1,681 km; unknown (oil/water) 141 km (2003)
Vietnamcondensate/gas 432 km; gas 210 km; oil 3 km; refinedproducts 206 km (2003)
Yemengas 88 km; oil 1,174 km (2003)
Zambiaoil 771 km (2003)
Zimbabwerefined products 261 km (2003)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
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@2118 Political parties and leaders
AfghanistanNA; note - political parties in Afghanistan are in fluxand many prominent players have plans to create new parties; theTransitional Islamic State of Afghanistan (TISA) is headed byPresident Hamid KARZAI; the TISA is a coalition government formed ofleaders from across the Afghan political spectrum; there are alsoseveral political factions not holding positions in the Transitionalgovernment that are forming new groups and parties in the hopes ofparticipating in 2004 elections
AlbaniaAgrarian Party of Albania or PASH [Lufter XHUVELI];Christian Democratic Party or PDK [Zef BUSHATI]; Communist Party ofAlbania or PKSH [Hysni MILLOSHI]; Democratic Alliance or PAD[Nerltan CEKA]; Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; LegalityMovement Party or PLL [Guri DUROLLARI]; National Front Party (BalliKombetar) or PBK [Abaz ERMENJI]; Party of National Unity or PUK[Idajet BEQUIRI]; Republican Party or PR [Fatmir MEDIU]; SocialDemocracy or DS [Paskal MILO]; Social Democratic Party or PSD[Skender GJINUSHI]; Socialist Party or PS (formerly the AlbanianParty of Labor) [Fatos NANO]; Union for Human Rights Party or PBDNJ[Vasil MELO]
AlgeriaAlgerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]; DemocraticNational Rally or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA, chairman]; Islamic SalvationFront or FIS (outlawed April 1992) [Ali BELHADJ and Dr. AbassiMADANI, Rabeh KEBIR (self-exile in Germany)]; Society of PeaceMovement or MSP [Boujerra SOLTANI]; National Entente Movement or MEN[Ali BOUKHAZNA]; National Liberation Front or FLN [Ali BENFLIS,secretary general]; National Reform Movement or MRN [AbdellahDJABALLAH]; National Renewal Party or PRA [leader NA]; ProgressiveRepublican Party [Khadir DRISS]; Rally for Culture and Democracy orRCD [Said SAADI, secretary general]; Renaissance Movement or EnNahdaMovement [Lahbib ADAMI]; Social Liberal Party or PSL [Ahmed KHELIL];Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hocine Ait AHMED, secretary general(self-exile in Switzerland)]; Union for Democracy and Liberty[Mouley BOUKHALAFA]; Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUN]note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enactedin March 1997
American SamoaDemocratic Party [leader NA]; Republican Party[leader NA]
AndorraDemocratic Party or PD (formerly part of National DemocraticGroup or AND) [Ladislau BARO SOLO]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA[Marc FORNE MOLNE] (used to be Liberal Union or UL); Liberal Unionor UL [Francesc CERQUEDA]; National Democratic Group or AND[Ladislau BARO SOLO]; National Democratic Initiative or IDN [VicencMATEU ZAMORA]; New Democracy or ND [Jaume BARTOMEU CASSANY]; SocialDemocratic Party or PSD (formerly part of National Democratic Groupof AND) [leader NA]; Union of the People of Ordino (Unio Parroquiald'Ordino) or UPO [Simo DURO COMA]note: there are two other small parties
AngolaLiberal Democratic Party or PLD [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA];National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA [disputedleadership: Lucas NGONDA, Holden ROBERTO]; National Union for theTotal Independence of Angola or UNITA [interim leader: PAULO Lukamba"Gato"], largest opposition party has engaged in years of armedresistance; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA[Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS], ruling party in power since 1975; SocialRenewal Party or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA, AntonioMUACHICUNGO]note: about a dozen minor parties participated in the 1992 electionsbut only won a few seats and have little influence in the NationalAssembly
AnguillaAnguilla United Party or AUP [Hubert HUGHES]; The UnitedFront or UF [Osbourne FLEMING, Victor BANKS], a coalition of theAnguilla Democratic Party or ADP and the Anguilla National Allianceor ANA
Antigua and BarbudaAntigua Labor Party or ALP [Lester Bryant BIRD];Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Thomas H. FRANK]; UnitedProgressive Party or UPP [Baldwin SPENCER] (a coalition of threeopposition parties - United National Democratic Party or UNDP,Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM, and Progressive LaborMovement or PLM)
ArgentinaAction for the Republic or AR [Domingo CAVALLO];Alternative for a Republic of Equals or ARI [Elisa CARRIO]; Frontfor a Country in Solidarity or Frepaso (a four-party coalition)[Dario Pedro ALESSANDRO]; Justicialist Party or PJ [Carlos SaulMENEM] (Peronist umbrella political organization); Radical CivicUnion or UCR [Angel ROZAS]; Federal Recreate Movement [Ricardo LOPEZMURPHY]; several provincial parties
ArmeniaAgro-Industrial Party [Vladimir BADALIAN]; Armenia Party[Myasnik MALKHASYAN]; Armenian National Movement or ANM [AlexARZUMANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Ramkavar Liberal Party or HRAK[Ruben MIRZAKHANYAN, chairman]; Armenian Revolutionary Federation("Dashnak" Party) or ARF [Vahan HOVHANISSIAN]; Democratic Party[Aram SARKISYAN]; Justice Bloc (comprised of the Democratic Party,National Democratic Party, National Democratic Union, and thePeople's Party); National Democratic Party [Shavarsh KOCHARIAN];National Democratic Union or NDU [Vazgen MANUKIAN]; National UnityParty [Artashes GEGAMIAN, chairman]; People's Party of Armenia[Stepan DEMIRCHYAN]; Republic Party [Albert BAZEYAN and AramSARKISYAN, chairmen]; Republican Party or RPA [Andranik MARKARYAN];Rule of Law Party [Artur BAGDASARIAN, chairman]; Union ofConstitutional Rights [Hrant KHACHATURYAN]; United Labor Party[Gurgen ARSENIAN]
ArubaAruba Solidarity Movement or MAS [leader NA]; ArubanDemocratic Alliance or Aliansa [leader NA]; Aruban Democratic Partyor PDA [Leo BERLINSKI]; Aruban Liberal Party or OLA [GlenbertCROES]; Aruban Patriotic Party or PPA [Benny NISBET]; ArubanPeople's Party or AVP [Jan (Henny) H. EMAN]; Concentration for theLiberation of Aruba or CLA [leader NA]; People's Electoral MovementParty or MEP [Nelson O. ODUBER]; For a Restructured Aruba Now orPARA [Urbana LOPEZ]; National Democratic Action or ADN [Pedro CharroKELLY]
AustraliaAustralian Democrats [Andrew BARTLETT]; Australian LaborParty [Mark LATHAM]; Australian Progressive Alliance [Meg LEES];Country Labor Party [leader NA]; Australian Greens [Bob BROWN];Liberal Party [John Winston HOWARD]; The Nationals [John ANDERSON];One Nation Party [Len HARRIS]
AustriaAustrian People's Party or OeVP [Wolfgang SCHUESSEL];Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Herbert HAUPT]; Social DemocraticParty of Austria or SPOe [Alfred GUSENBAUER]; The Greens Alternativeor GA [Alexander VAN DER BELLEN]
AzerbaijanAzerbaijan Popular Front or APF [Ali KARIMLI, leader of"Reform" faction; Mirmahmud MIRALI-OGLU, leader of "Classic"faction]; Civic Solidarity Party or CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLY]; CivicUnion Party [Ayaz MUTALIBOV]; Communist Party of Azerbaijan or CPA[Ramiz AHMADOV]; Compatriot Party [Mais SAFARLI]; Democratic Partyfor Azerbaijan or DPA [Rasul QULIYEV, chairman]; Justice Party[Ilyas ISMAILOV]; Liberal Party of Azerbaijan [Lala ShvkatHACIYEVA]; Musavat [Isa GAMBAR, chairman]; New Azerbaijan Party orNAP [Heydar ALIYEV, chairman]; Party for National Independence ofAzerbaijan or PNIA [Etibar MAMMADLI, chairman]; Social DemocraticParty of Azerbaijan or SDP [Zardust ALIZADE]note: opposition parties regularly factionalize and form new parties
Bahamas, TheFree National Movement or FNM [Tommy TURNQUEST];Progressive Liberal Party or PLP [Perry CHRISTIE]
Bahrainpolitical parties prohibited but politically orientedsocieties are allowed
BangladeshAwami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]; Bangladesh CommunistParty or BCP [Saifuddin Ahmed MANIK]; Bangladesh Nationalist Partyor BNP [Khaleda ZIA, chairperson]; Islami Oikya Jote or IOJ [MuftiFazlul Haq AMINI]; Jamaat-E-Islami or JI [Motiur Rahman NIZAMI];Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD];Jatiya Party (Manzur faction) [Naziur Rahman MANZUR]
BarbadosBarbados Labor Party or BLP [Owen ARTHUR]; Democratic LaborParty or DLP [Clyde Mascoll]
BelarusAgrarian Party or AP [Mikhail SHIMANSKY]; BelarusianCommunist Party or KPB [Viktor CHIKIN, chairman]; BelarusianEcological Green Party (merger of Belarusian Ecological Party andGreen Party of Belarus) [leader NA]; Belarusian Patriotic Movement(Belarusian Patriotic Party) or BPR [Anatoliy BARANKEVICH,chairman]; Belarusian Popular Front or BNF [Vintsuk VYACHORKA];Belarusian Social-Democrat Party or SDBP [Nikolay STATKEVICH,chairman]; Belarusian Social-Democratic Party or Hromada [StanislavSHUSHKEVICH, chairman]; Belarusian Socialist Party [VyacheslavKUZNETSOV]; Civic Accord Bloc (United Civic Party) or CAB [AnatolLIABEDZKA]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDPB [Sergei GAYDUKEVICH,chairman]; Party of Communists Belarusian or PKB [Sergei KALYAKIN,chairman]; Republican Party of Labor and Justice or RPPS [AnatoliyNETYLKIN, chairman]; Social-Democrat Party of Popular Accord or PPA[Leanid SECHKA]; Women's Party or "Nadezhda" [Valentina POLEVIKOVA,chairperson]
BelgiumAGALEV (Flemish Greens) [Dirk HOLEMANS]; Christian Democratsand Flemish or CD & V [Yves LETERME]; note - used to be the FlemishChristian Democrats or CVP; Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Jean-MichelJAVAUK, Evelyne HUYTEBROECK, Claude BROUIR]; Flemish LiberalDemocrats or VLD [Karel DE GUCHT]; Francophone Humanist andDemocratic Center of CDH (used to be Social Christian Party or PSC)[Joelle MILQUET]; Francophone Reformist Movement or MR (used to beLiberal Reformation Party or PRL) [Antoine DUQUESNE]; FrancophoneSocialist Party or PS [Elio DI RUPO]; National Front or FN [DanielFERET]; New Flemish Alliance or NVA [Geert BOURGEOIS]; note - newparty that emerged after the demise of the People's Union or VU;Social Progressive Alternative Party or SP.A [Steve STEVAERT]; note- was Flemish Socialist Party or SP; Spirit [Els VAN WEERT]; note -new party that emerged after the demise of the People's Union or VU;Vlaams Blok or VB [Frank VANHECKE]; other minor parties
BelizePeople's United Party or PUP [Said MUSA]; United DemocraticParty or UDP [Dean BARROW, party leader; Douglas SINGH, partychairman]
BeninAfrican Congress for Renewal or DUNYA [Saka SALEY]; AfricanMovement for Democracy and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN];Alliance of the Social Democratic Party or PSD [Bruno AMOUSSOU];Coalition of Democratic Forces [Gatien HOUNGBEDJI]; DemocraticRenewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]; Front for Renewal andDevelopment or FARD-ALAFIA [Jerome Sakia KINA]; Impulse for Progressand Democracy or IPD [Bertin BORNA]; Key Force or FC [leader NA];Presidential Movement (UBF, MADEP, FC, IDP, and 4 other smallparties); Renaissance Party du Benin or PRB [Nicephore SOGLO]; TheStar Alliance (Alliance E'toile) [Sacca LAFIA]; Union of Tomorrow'sBenin or UBF [Bruno AMOUSSOU]note: approximately 20 additional minor parties
BermudaNational Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON];Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United BermudaParty or UBP [Chairman Wayne FURBERT]
Bhutanno legal parties
BoliviaBolivian Socialist Falange or FSB [Romel PANTOJA]; CivicSolidarity Union or UCS [Johnny FERNANDEZ]; Free Bolivia Movement orMBL [Franz BARRIOS]; Marshal of Ayacucho Institutional Vanguard orVIMA [Freddy ZABALA]; Movement of the Revolutionary Left or MIR[Jaime PAZ Zamora]; Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Evo MORALES];Movement Without Fear or MSM [Juan DEL GRANADO]; NationalistDemocratic Action or ADN [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez];Nationalist Revolutionary Movement or MNR [Gonzalo SANCHEZ DELOZADA]; New Republican Force or NFR [Manfred REYES-VILLA];Pachakuti Indigenous Movement or MIP [Felipe QUISPE]; SocialistParty or PS [Jeres JUSTINIANO]note: the MNR, MIR, and UCS comprise the ruling coalition
Bosnia and HerzegovinaAlliance of Independent Social Democrats orSNSD [Milorad DODIK]; Bosnian Party or BOSS [Mirnes AJANOVIC]; CivicDemocratic Party or GDS [Ilija SIMIC]; Croatian Democratic Union ofBosnia and Herzegovina or HDZ [Barisa COLAK (acting)]; CroatChristian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HKDU [MijoIVANIC-LONIC]; Croat Party of Rights or HSP [Zdravko HRISTIC]; CroatPeasants Party or HSS [Ilija SIMIC]; Democratic National Union orDNZ [Fikret ABDIC]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDS [Rasim KADIC];New Croat Initiative or NHI [Kresimir ZUBAK]; Party for Bosnia andHerzegovina or SBiH [Safet HALILOVIC]; Party of Democratic Action orSDA [Sulejman TIHIC]; Party of Democratic Progress or PDP [MladenIVANIC]; Pro-European People's Party or PROENS [Jadranko PRLIC];Serb Democratic Party or SDS [Dragan KALINIC]; Serb Radical Party ofthe Republika Srpska or SRS-RS [Radislav KANJERIC]; SocialDemocratic Party of BIH or SDP [Zlatko LAGUMDZIJA]; Socialist Partyof Republika Srpska or SPRS [Petar DJOKIC]
BotswanaBotswana Democratic Party or BDP [Festus MOGAE]; BotswanaNational Front or BNF [Otswoletse MOUPO]; Botswana Congress Party orBCP [Mokgweetsi KGOSIPULA]; Botswana Alliance Movement or BAM[Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO]note: a number of minor parties joined forces in 1999 to form theBAM but did not capture any parliamentary seats; the BAM partiesare: the United Action Party [Ephraim Lepetu SETSHWAELO], theIndependence Freedom Party or IFP [Motsamai MPHO], and the BotswanaProgressive Union [D. K. KWELE]
BrazilBrazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Michel TEMER];Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Jose Carlos MARTINEZ]; BrazilianSocial Democracy Party or PSDB [Senator Jose ANIBAL]; BrazilianSocialist Party or PSB [Miguel ARRAES]; Brazilian Progressive Partyor PPB [Paulo Salim MALUF]; Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB[Renato RABELLO]; Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Leonel BRIZOLA];Green Party or PV [leader NA]; Liberal Front Party or PFL [JorgeBORNHAUSEN]; Liberal Party or PL [Deputy Valdemar COSTA Neto];National Order Reconstruction Party or PRONA [Dr. Eneas CARNEIRO];Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Senator Roberto FREIRE]; SocialDemocratic Party or PSD [leader NA]; Worker's Party or PT [JoseGENOINO]
British Virgin IslandsConcerned Citizens Movement or CCM [EthlynSMITH]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Orlando SMITH]; UnitedParty or UP [Gregory MADURO]; Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Ralph T.O'NEAL]
BruneiBrunei Solidarity National Party or PPKB in Malay [Haji MohdHATTA bin Haji Zainal Abidin, president]; note - the PPKB is theonly legal political party in Brunei; it was registered in 1985 butbecame largely inactive after 1988; it was revived in 1995 and againin 1998; it has less than 200 registered party members; otherparties include Brunei People's Party or PRB (banned in 1962) andBrunei National Democratic Party (registered in May 1965,deregistered by the Brunei Government in 1988)
BulgariaBulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Sergei STANISHEV];Coalition for Bulgaria or CfB (coalition of parties dominated byBSP) [Sergei STANISHEV]; Internal Macedonian RevolutionaryOrganization or VMRO [Krasimir KARAKACHANOV]; Movement for Rightsand Freedoms or MRF [Ahmed DOGAN]; National Movement for Simeon IIor NMS2 [Simeon SAXE-COBURG-GOTHA]; Union of Democratic Forces orUDF [Nadezhda MIKHAYLOVA]; Union of Free Democrats or UFD [StefanSOFIYANSKI]; United Democratic Forces or UtdDF (a coalition betweenthe UDF and other center-right parties)
Burkina FasoAfrican Democratic Rally-Alliance for Democracy andFederation or RDA-ADF [Herman YAMEOGO]; Confederation for Federationand Democracy or CFD [Amadou Diemdioda DICKO]; Congress forDemocracy and Progress or CDP [Roch Marc-Christian KABORE]; Movementfor Tolerance and Progress or MTP [Nayabtigungou Congo KABORE];Party for African Independence or PAI [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]; Partyfor Democracy and Progress or PDP [Joseph KI-ZERBO]; Union of Greensfor the Development of Burkina Faso or UVDB [Ram OVEDRAGO]
BurmaNational League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SHWE, chairman,AUNG SAN SUU KYI, general secretary]; National Unity Party or NUP(proregime) [THA KYAW]; Shan Nationalities League for Democracy orSNLD [KHUN TUN OO]; Union Solidarity and Development Association orUSDA (proregime, a social and political organization) [THAN AUNG,general secretary]; and other smaller parties
Burundithe two national, mainstream, governing parties are: Unityfor National Progress or UPRONA [Alphonse KADEGE, president];Burundi Democratic Front or FRODEBU [Jean MINANI, president]note: a multiparty system was introduced after 1998, included are:Burundi African Alliance for the Salvation or ABASA [TerrenceNSANZE]; Rally for Democracy and Economic and Social Development orRADDES [Joseph NZEYIMANA]; Party for National Redress or PARENA[Jean-Baptiste BAGAZA]; People's Reconciliation Party or PRP[Mathias HITIMANA]
CambodiaBuddhist Liberal Party or BLP [IENG MOULY]; CambodianPracheachon Party or Cambodian People's Party or CPP [CHEA SIM];Khmer Citizen Party or KCP [NGUON SOEUR]; National United Front foran Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia orFUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM RANARIDDH]; Sam Rangsi Party or SRP(formerly Khmer Nation Party or KNP) [SAM RANGSI]
CameroonCameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou NDAM NJOYA];Democratic Rally of the Cameroon People or RDCP [Paul BIYA];Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA];Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC[leader Marcel YONDO]; Movement for the Youth of Cameroon or MYC[Dieudonne TINA]; National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP[Maigari BELLO BOUBA]; Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRUNDI]; Union of Cameroonian Populations or UPC [Augustin FredericKODOCK]
CanadaBloc Quebecois [Gilles DUCEPPE]; Canadian Alliance [StephenHARPER]; Liberal Party [Paul MARTIN]; New Democratic Party [JackLAYTON]; Progressive Conservative Party [Peter MACKAY]
Cape VerdeAfrican Party for Independence of Cape Verde or PAICV[Jose Maria Pereira NEVES, chairman]; Democratic Alliance for Changeor ADM [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO] (a coalition of PCD, PTS, and UCID);Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES, chairman];Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Jacinto SANTOS, president];Movement for Democracy or MPD [Agostinho LOPES, president]; Partyfor Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO, president];Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA, president];Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM, president]
Cayman Islandsthere are no formal political parties but thefollowing loose groupings act as political organizations; NationalTeam [leader NA]; Democratic Alliance [leader NA]; Team Cayman[leader NA]; United Democratic Party [leader NA]
Central African RepublicAlliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP[Jacques MBOLIEDAS]; Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC[Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA];Democratic Forum for Modernity or FODEM [Charles MASSI]; LiberalDemocratic Party or PLD [Nestor KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement forDemocracy and Development or MDD [David DACKO]; Movement for theLiberation of the Central African People or MLPC [the party ofdeposed president, Ange-Felix PATASSE]; Patriotic Front for Progressor FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's Union for the Republic or UPR [PierreSammy MAKFOY]; National Unity Party or PUN [Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE];Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE]
ChadFederation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarlejy YORONGAR];National Rally for Development and Progress or RNDP [Mamadou BISSO];National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO];Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman](originally in opposition but now the party in power and the partyof the president); Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Gen.Wadal Abdelkader KAMOUGUE]; Viva Rally for Development and Progressor Viva RNDP [Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]
ChileAlliance for Chile ("Alianza") or APC - including RN and UDI;Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Adolfo ZALDIVAR]; Coalition ofParties for Democracy ("Concertacion") or CPD - including PDC, PS,PPD, PRSD; Communist Party or PC [Gladys MARIN]; IndependentDemocratic Union or UDI [Pablo LONGUEIRA]; National Renewal or RN[Sebastian PINERA]; Party for Democracy or PPD [Guido GIRARDI];Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Orlando CANTUARIAS];Socialist Party or PS [Camilo ESCALONA]
ChinaChinese Communist Party or CCP [HU Jintao, General Secretaryof the Central Committee]; eight registered small parties controlledby CCP
Christmas Islandnone
Cocos (Keeling) Islandsnone
ColombiaConservative Party or PSC [Carlos HOLGUIN Sardi]; LiberalParty or PL [Piedad CORDOBA and Juan Manuel LOPEZ Cabrales];Colombian Communist Party or PCC [Jaime CAICEDO]; 19 of AprilMovement or M-19 [Antonio NAVARRO Wolff]note: Colombia has about 60 formally recognized political parties,most of which do not have a presence in either house of Congress
ComorosForces pour l'Action Republicaine or FAR [Col. AbdourazakABDULHAMID]; Forum pour la Redressement National or FRN (alliance of12 parties); Front Democratique or FD [Moustoifa Said CHEIKH]; FrontNational pour la Justice or FNJ (Islamic party in opposition) [AhmedRACHID]; Movement des Citoyens pour la Republique or MCR [MahamoudMRADABI]; Mouvement Populaire Anjouanais or MPA (Anjouan separatistmovement) [leader NA]; Mouvement pour la Democratie et le Progressor MDP-NGDC [Abbas DJOUSSOUF]; Movement pour le Socialisme et laDemocratie or MSD (splinter group of FD) [Abdou SOEFOU]; PartiComorien pour la Democratie et le Progress or PCDP [Ali MROUDJAE];Rassemblement National pour le Development or RND (party of thegovernment) [Omar TAMOU, Abdoulhamid AFFRAITANE]
Congo, Democratic Republic of theDemocratic Social Christian Partyor PDSC [Andre BO-BOLIKO]; Forces for Renovation for Union andSolidarity or FONUS [Joseph OLENGHANKOY]; National CongoleseLumumbist Movement or MNC [Francois LUMUMBA]; Popular Movement ofthe Revolution or MPR (three factions: MPR-Fait Prive [CatherineNZUZI wa Mbombo]; MPR/Vunduawe [Felix VUNDUAWE]; MPR/Mananga[MANANGA Dintoka Mpholo]); Unified Lumumbast Party or PALU [AntoineGIZENGA]; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [EtienneTSHISEKEDI wa Mulumba]; Union of Federalists and IndependentRepublicans or UFERI (two factions: UFERI [Lokambo OMOKOKO];UFERI/OR [Adolph Kishwe MAYA])
Congo, Republic of thethe most important of the many parties arethe Democratic and Patriotic Forces or FDP (an alliance ofConvention for Alternative Democracy, Congolese Labor Party or PCT,Liberal Republican Party, National Union for Democracy and Progress,Patriotic Union for the National Reconstruction, and Union for theNational Renewal) [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO, president]; CongoleseMovement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI [MichelMAMPOUYA]; Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [MartinMBERI]; Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Jean-PierreThystere TCHICAYA, president]; Rally for Democracy and the Republicor RDR [Raymond Damasge NGOLLO]; Union for Democracy and Republic orUDR [leader NA]; Union of Democratic Forces or UFD [Sebastian EBAO]
Cook IslandsCook Islands People's Party or CIP [Geoffrey HENRY];Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Terepai MAOATE]; New AllianceParty or NAP [Norman GEORGE]; Cook Islands National Party or CIN[Teariki HEATHER]
Costa RicaAgricultural Labor Action or PALA [Carlos Alberto SOLISBlanco]; Citizen Action Party or PAC [Otton SOLIS]; Costa RicanRenovation Party or PRC [Justo OROZCO]; Democratic Force Party orPFD [Jose M. NUNEZ]; Libertarian Movement Party or PML [Otto GUEVARAGuth]; National Christian Alliance Party or ANC [AlejandroMADRIGAL]; National Independent Party or PNI [Jorge GONZALEZMarten]; National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes];National Liberation Party or PLN [Sonia PICADO]; Social ChristianUnity Party or PUSC [Luis Manuel CHACON]note: mainly a two-party system - PUSC and PLN - until the 3February 2002 election in which the PAC captured a significantpercentage, forcing a run-off in April 2002
Cote d'IvoireDemocratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire-African DemocraticRally or PDCI-RDA [Aime Henri Konan BEDIE]; Ivorian Popular Front orFPI [Laurent GBAGBO]; Ivorian Worker's Party or PIT [Francis WODIE];Rally of the Republicans or RDR [Alassane OUATTARA]; Union forDemocracy and Peace or UDPCI [leader NA]; over 20 smaller parties
CroatiaCroatian Bloc or HB [Ivic PASALIC]; Croatian ChristianDemocratic Union or HKDU [Anto KOVACEVIC]; Croatian Democratic Unionor HDZ [Ivo SANADER]; Croatian Party of Rights or HSP [Anto DJAPIC];Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Zlatko TOMCIC]; Croatian People'sParty or HNS [Vesna PUSIC]; Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS[Drazen BUDISA]; Croatian True Revival Party or HIP [MiroslavTUDJMAN]; Democratic Centre or DC [Mate GRANIC]; Istrian DemocraticAssembly or IDS [Ivan JAKOVCIC]; Liberal Party or LS [Ivo BANAC];Party of Liberal Democrats or LIBRA [Goran GRANIC]; SocialDemocratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Ivica RACAN]note: the Social Democratic Party or SDP and the Croatian SocialLiberal Party or HSLS formed a coalition as did the HSS, HNS, LP,and IDS, which together defeated the Croatian Democratic Union orHDZ in the 2000 lower house parliamentary election; the IDSsubsequently left the governing coalition in June 2001 over itsinability to win greater autonomy for Istria
Cubaonly party - Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Fidel CASTRO Ruz,first secretary]
CyprusGreek Cypriot area: Democratic Party or DIKO [TassosPAPADOPOULOS]; Democratic Rally or DISY [Nikos ANASTASIADHIS];Fighting Democratic Movement or ADIK [Dinos MIKHAILIDIS]; GreenParty of Cyprus [George PERDIKIS]; New Horizons [Nikolaus KOUTSOU];Restorative Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist Party)[Dimitrios CHRISTOFIAS]; Social Democrats Movement or KISOS(formerly United Democratic Union of Cyprus or EDEK) [YiannakisOMIROU]; United Democrats Movement or EDE [George VASSILIOU];Turkish Cypriot area: Communal Liberation Party or TKP [MustafaAKINCI]; Democratic Party or DP [Serder DENKTASH]; National BirthParty or UDP [Enver EMIN]; National Unity Party or UBP [DervisEROGLU]; Our Party or BP [Okyay SADIKOGLU]; Patriotic Unity Movementor YBH [Izzet IZCAN]; Republican Turkish Party or CTP [Mehmet ALITALAT]
Czech RepublicChristian and Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People'sParty or KDU-CSL [Miroslav KALOUSEK, chairman]; Civic DemocraticAlliance or ODA [Michael ZANTOVSKY, chairman]; Civic DemocraticParty or ODS [Mirek TOPOLANEK, chairman]; Communist Party of Bohemiaand Moravia or KSCM [Miroslav GREBENICEK, chairman]; Communist Partyof Czechoslovakia or KSC [Miroslav STEPAN, chairman]; Czech NationalSocial Party of CSNS [Jan SULA, chairman]; Czech Social DemocraticParty or CSSD [Vladimir SPIDLA, chairman]; Freedom Union-DemocraticUnion or US-DEU [Petr MARES, chairman]; Quad Coalition [Karel KUHNL,chairman] (includes KDU-CSL, US, ODA, DEU)
DenmarkCenter Democratic Party [Mimi JAKOBSEN]; Christian People'sParty [Marianne KARLSMOSE]; Conservative Party (sometimes known asConservative People's Party) [Bendt BENDTSEN]; Danish People's Party[Pia KJAERSGAARD]; Liberal Party [Anders Fogh RASMUSSEN]; SocialDemocratic Party [Mogens LYKKETOFT]; Social Liberal Party (sometimescalled the Radical Left) [Marianne JELVED, leader; Johannes LEBECH,chairman]; Socialist People's Party [Holger K. NIELSEN]; Red-GreenUnity List (bloc includes Left Socialist Party, Communist Party ofDenmark, Socialist Workers' Party) [collective leadership]
DjiboutiDemocratic National Party or PND [ADEN Robleh Awaleh];Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]; DjiboutiDevelopment Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]; Front pour laRestauration de l'Unite Democratique or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD];People's Progress Assembly or RPP (governing party) [Ismail OmarGUELLEH]; Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Moumin BahdonFARAH]; Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Ahmed Dini AHMED];Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [leader NA]
DominicaDominica Freedom Party or DFP [Charles SAVARIN]; DominicaLabor Party or DLP [Pierre CHARLES]; United Workers Party or UWP[Edison JAMES]
Dominican RepublicDominican Liberation Party or PLD [LeonelFERNANDEZ Reyna]; Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Hatuey DECAMPS]; Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Eduardo ESTRELLA]
East TimorAssociacao Social-Democrata Timorense or ASDT [FranciscoXavier do AMARAL]; Christian Democratic Party of Timor or PDC[Antonio XIMENES]; Christian Democratic Union of Timor or UDC[Vicente da Silva GUTERRES]; Democratic Party or PD [Fernando deARAUJO]; Liberal Party or PL [leader NA]; Maubere Democratic Partyor PDM [leader NA]; People's Party of Timor or PPT [Jacob XAVIER];Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor or FRETILIN [Lu OLO];Social Democrat Party of East Timor or PSD [Mario CARRASCALAO];Socialist Party of Timor or PST [leader NA]; Sons of the MountainWarriors (also known as Association of Timorese Heroes) or KOTA[Clementino dos Reis AMARAL]; Timor Democratic Union or UDT [JoaoCARRASCALAO]; Timor Labor Party or PTT [Paulo Freitas DA SILVA];Timorese Nationalist Party or PNT [Abilio ARAUJO]; Timorese PopularDemocratic Association or APODETI [Frederico Almeida-Santos DA COSTA]
EcuadorConcentration of Popular Forces or CFP [Averroes BUCARAM];Democratic Left or ID [Rodrigo BORJA Cevallos]; National ActionInstitutional Renewal Party or PRIAN [leader NA]; PachakutikMovement [Miguel LLUCO]; Patriotic Society Party or PSP [leader NA];Popular Democracy or DP [Dr. Juan Manuel FUERTES]; PopularDemocratic Movement or MPD [Gustavo TERAN Acosta]; Radical AlfaristaFront or FRA [Fabian ALARCON, director]; Roldosist Party or PRE[Abdala BUCARAM Ortiz, director]; Social Christian Party or PSC[Pascual DEL CIOPPO]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]
EgyptNasserist Arab Democratic Party or Nasserists [Dia' al-dinDAWUD]; National Democratic Party or NDP [President Mohammed HosniMUBARAK] - governing party; National Progressive Unionist Groupingor Tagammu [Khalid MUHI AL-DIN]; New Wafd Party or NWP [No'manGOMA]; Socialist Liberal Party or LSP [leader NA]note: formation of political parties must be approved by thegovernment
El SalvadorChristian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo PARKER];Democratic Convergence or CD [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general](includes Social Democratic Party or PSD [Juan MEDRANO, leader);Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti NationalLiberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic Partyor PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party orPAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; NationalConciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, president]; NationalRepublican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO]; Social Christian Unionor USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party orPRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president]
Equatorial GuineaConvergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS[Placido MIKO Abogo]; Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE(ruling party) [Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO]; Party for Progressof Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]; Popular Action ofEquatorial Guinea or APGE [Miguel Esono EMAN]; Popular Union or UP[Andres Moises Bda ADA]; Progressive Democratic Alliance or ADP[Victorino Bolekia BONAY]; Union of Independent Democrats of UDI[Daniel OYONO]
EritreaPeople's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ, the onlyparty recognized by the government [ISAIAS Afworki]; note - aNational Assembly committee drafted a law on political parties inJanuary 2001, but the full National Assembly has not yet debated orvoted on it
EstoniaCenter Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) [Edgar SAVISAAR,chairman]; Estonian People's Union (Rahvaliit) [Villu REILJAN];Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) [Siim KALLAS]; EstonianUnited Russian People's Party or EUVRP [leader NA]; Moderates(Moodukad) [Ivari PADAR]; Pro Patria Union (Isamaaliit) [TunneKELAM, chairman]; Res Publica [Juhan PARTS]; Russian Baltic Party[Sergei IVANOV]
EthiopiaAfar National Democratic Party or ANDP [leader NA]; AmharaNational Democratic Movement or ANDM [ADDISU Legesse]; Bench MadjiPeople's Democratic Organization or BMPDO [leader NA]; BenishangulGumuz People's Democratic Unity Front or BGPDUF [leader NA];Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF [MELESZenawi] (an alliance of ANDM, OPDO, SEPDF, and TPLF); GedeyoPeople's Revolutionary Democratic Front or GPRDF [leader NA]; GurageNationalities' Democratic Movement or GNDM [leader NA]; Kafa ShakaPeople's Democratic Organization or KSPDO [leader NA]; Kembata,Alabaa and Tembaro or KAT [leader NA]; Oromo People's DemocraticOrganization or OPDO [JUNEDI Sado]; Sidamo People's DemocraticOrganization or SPDO [leader NA]; South Omo People's DemocraticMovement or SOPDM [leader NA]; Tigrayan People's Liberation Front orTPLF [MELES Zenawi]; Walayta, Gamo, Gofa, Dawro, and Konta People'sDemocratic Organization or WGGPDO [leader NA]; dozens of smallparties
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)none; all independents
Faroe IslandsCenter Party [Tordur NICLASEN]; Home Rule Party[Helena Dam a NEYSTABO]; People's Party [Oli BRECKMANN]; RepublicanParty [Finnabogi ISAKSON]; Social Democratic Party [JoannesEIDESGAARD]; Union Party [Edmund JOENSEN]
FijiBai Kei Viti Party or BKV [Ratu Tevita MOMOEDONU]; ConservativeAlliance Party/Matanitu Vanua or MV [Ratu Rakuita VAKALALABURE];Dodonu Ni Taukei Party or DNT [Fereti S. DEWA]; Fiji DemocraticParty or FDP [Felipe BOLE] (a merger of the Christian DemocratAlliance or VLV [Poesci Waqalevu BUNE], Fijian Association Party orFAP [Adi Kuini SPEED], Fijian Political Party or SVT (primarilyFijian) [Felipe BOLE], and New Labor Unity Party or NLUP [TupeniBABA]); Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDRHRY]; General VotersParty or GVP [leader NA] (became part of United General Party);Girmit Heritage Party or GHP [leader NA]; Justice and Freedom Partyor AIM [leader NA]; Lio 'On Famor Rotuma Party or LFR [leader NA];National Federation Party or NFP (primarily Indian) [Pramond RAE];Nationalist Vanua Takolavo Party or NVTLP [Saula TELAWA]; Party ofNational Unity or PANU [Meli BOGILEKA]; Party of the Truth or POTT[leader NA]; United Fiji Party/Sogosogo Duavata ni Lewenivanua orSDL [Laisenia QARASE]; United General Party or UGP [Millis MickBEDDOES]
FinlandCenter Party or Kesk [Matti VANHANEN]; Christian Democratsor KD [Bjarne KALLIS]; Green League or VIHR [Osmo SOININVAARA]; LeftAlliance or VAS (Communist) composed of People's Democratic Leagueand Democratic Alternative [Suvi-Anne SIIMES]; National Coalition(conservative) Party or Kok [Ville ITALA]; Social Democratic Partyor SDP [Paavo LIPPONEN]; Swedish People's Party or SFP [Jan-ErikENESTAM]
FranceCitizen and Republican Movement or MCR [Jean PierreCHEVENEMENT]; Democratic and European Social Rally or RDSE (mainlyRAD and PRG) [leader NA]; French Communist Party or PCF[Marie-George BUFFET]; Left Radical Party or PRG (previously RadicalSocialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical Movement or MRG)[Jean-Michel BAYLET]; Liberal Democracy or DL (originally RepublicanParty or PR; now merged into the UMP) [Alain MADELIN]; Movement forFrance or MPF [Philippe DE VILLIERS]; Rally for France or RPF[Charles PASQUA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR (merged into UMP)[Serge LEPELTIER]; Socialist Party or PS [Francois HOLLANDE]; Greens[Martine BILLARD, Denis BAUPIN, Stephane POCRAIN, Maryse ARDITI];Union for French Democracy or UDF (coalition of DL, CDS, UDF, RP,and other parties) [Francois BAYROU]; Union for a Popular Movementor UMP (including RPR, DL, and a part of UDF) [Alain JUPPE]
French GuianaGuyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE];Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; GuyanaDemocratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National GuyaneseParty or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [RolandHO-WEN-SZE]; Socialist Party or PS [Pierre RIBARDIERE]; WalwariCommittee [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]
French PolynesiaIndependent Front for the Liberation of Polynesia(Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]; New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api)[Emile VERNAUDON]; People's Rally for the Republic of Polynesia orRPR (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]; The New Star (Te FetiaApi) [leader NA]
GabonCircle of Liberal Reformers or CLR [General Jean BonifaceASSELE]; Democratic and Republican Alliance or ADERE[Divungui-di-Ndinge DIDJOB]; Gabonese Democratic Party or PDG,former sole party [Simplice Nguedet MANZELA]; Gabonese Party forProgress or PGP [Pierre-Louis AGONDJO-OKAWE,]; National Rally ofWoodcutters-Rally for Gabon or RNB-RPG (Bucherons) [Fr. PaulM'BA-ABESSOLE]; People's Unity Party or PUP [Louis Gaston MAYILA];Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Pierre EMBONI]; SocialDemocratic Party or PSD [Pierre Claver MAGANGA-MOUSSAVOU]
Gambia, TheAlliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction orAPRC [Yahya A. J. J. JAMMEH]; Gambian People's Party-ProgressivePeople's Party-United Democratic Party or GPP-PPP-UDP Coalition[Ousainou DARBOE]; National Convention Party or NCP [Sheriff DIBBA];National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat N. K. BAH]; People'sDemocratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS[Sidia JATTA]note: in August 2001, an independent electoral commission allowedthe reregistration of the GPP, NCP, and PPP, three parties bannedsince 1996
GeorgiaCitizen's Union of Georgia or CUG [Avtandil JORBENADZE];Georgian People's Front [Nodar NATADZE]; Georgian United CommunistParty or UCPG [Panteleimon GIORGADZE]; Greens [GiorgiGACHECHILADZE]; Industry Will Save Georgia or IWSG [Georgi TOPADZE];Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI]; National Democratic Party or NDP[Irina SARISHVILI-CHANTURIA]; New National Movement [MikheilSAAKASHVILI]; New Right [Levaii GACHECHILADZE]; Republican Party[David BERDZENISHVILI]; "Revival" Union Party or AGUR [AlsanABASHIDZE]; Socialist Party or SPG [Irakli MINDELI]; Traditionalists[Akaki ASATIANI]
GermanyAlliance '90/Greens [Angelika BEER and Reinhard BUETIKOFER];Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Angela MERKEL]; Christian SocialUnion or CSU [Edmund STOIBER, chairman]; Free Democratic Party orFDP [Guido WESTERWELLE, chairman]; Party of Democratic Socialism orPDS [Lothar BISKY]; Social Democratic Party or SPD [GerhardSCHROEDER, chairman]
GhanaConvention People's Party or CPP [Nii Noi DOWUONA, generalsecretary]; Every Ghanaian Living Everywhere or EGLE [Owuraku AMOFA,chairman]; Great Consolidated Popular Party or GCPP [Dan LARTY];National Convention Party or NCP [Sarpong KUMA-KUMA]; NationalDemocratic Congress or NDC [Dr. Huudu YAHAYA, general secretary];New Patriotic Party or NPP [Samuel Arthur ODOI-SYKES]; People'sConvention Party or PCP [P. K. DONKOH-AYIFI, acting chairman];People's Heritage Party or PHP [Emmanuel Alexander ERSKINE];People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA]; Reform Party[Kyeretwie OPUKU, general secretary]
GibraltarGibraltar Liberal Party [Joseph GARCIA]; Gibraltar SocialDemocrats or GSD [Peter CARUANA]; Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party orGSLP [Joseph John BOSSANO]
GreeceCoalition of the Left and Progress (Synaspismos) [NikolaosKONSTANTOPOULOS]; Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Aleka PAPARIGA];New Democracy or ND (conservative) [Konstandinos KARAMANLIS];Panhellenic Socialist Movement or PASOK [Konstandinos SIMITIS]
GreenlandAkulliit Party [Bjarne KREUTZMANN]; Atassut Party(Solidarity, a conservative party favoring continuing closerelations with Denmark) [Augusta SALLING]; Demokratiit [PerBERTHELSEN]; Inuit Ataqatigiit or IA (Eskimo Brotherhood, a leftistparty favoring complete independence from Denmark rather than homerule) [Josef MOTZFELDT]; Issituup (Polar Party) [Nicolai HEINRICH];Kattusseqatigiit (Candidate List, an independent right-of-centerparty with no official platform [leader NA]; Siumut (Forward Party,a social democratic party advocating more distinct Greenlandicidentity and greater autonomy from Denmark) [Hans ENOKSEN]
GrenadaGrenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME];National Democratic Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New NationalParty or NNP [George McGUIRE]; People Labor Movement or PLM [leaderNA]
GuadeloupeCommunist Party of Guadeloupe or PCG [Mona CADOCE]; FGPS[Dominique LARIFLA]; Progressive Democratic Party or PPDG [HenriBANGOU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR (may have become UMP)[Lucette MICHAUX-CHEVRY]; Socialist Party or PS [Georges LOUISOR];Union for French Democracy or UDF [Marcel ESDRAS]
GuamDemocratic Party (controls the legislature) [speaker, Vicente(Ben) PANGELINAN]; Republican Party (party of Governor CAMACHO)[leader NA]
GuatemalaAuthentic Integral Development or DIA [Eduardo SUGER];Democratic Union or UD [Rodolfo PAIZ Andrade]; Grand NationalAlliance or GANA [leader NA]; Green Party or LOV [Rodolfo ROSALESGarcis-Salaz]; Guatemalan Christian Democracy or DCG [Vinicio CEREZOArevalo]; Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG [SecretaryGeneral Alba ESTELA Maldonado]; Guatemalan Republican Front or FRG[Efrain RIOS Montt]; Movement for Guatemalan Unity or MGU [JacoboARBENZ Villanueva]; Movement for Principals and Values or MPV[Francisco BIANCHI]; National Advancement Party or PAN [SecretaryGeneral Leonel LOPEZ Rodas]; National Unity for Hope or UNE[Alvarado COLOM Caballeros]; New Nation Alliance or ANN, formed byan alliance of DIA, URNG, and several splinter groups most of whomsubsequently defected [led by three co-equal partners - NinethVarenca MONTENEGRO Cottom, Rodolfo BAUER Paiz, and Jorge AntonioBALSELLS TUT]; Patriot Party or PP [retired General Otto PEREZMolina]; Progressive Liberator Party or PLP [Acisclo VALLADARESMolina]; Reform Movement or MR [Secretary General AlfredoSKINNER-KLEE]; Unionista Party [leader NA]
Guernseynone; all independents
GuineaDemocratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally orPDG-RDA [El Hadj Ismael Mohamed Gassim GUSHEIN]; National Union forProgress or UNP [Paul Louis FABER]; Party for Unity and Progress orPUP [Lansana CONTE] - the governing party; People's Party of Guineaor PPG [Pascal TOLNO]; Rally for the Guinean People or RPG [AlphaCONDE]; Union for Progress and Renewal or UPR [Siradiou DIALLO];Union for Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean-Marie DORE,secretary-general]; Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE]
Guinea-BissauAfrican Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissauand Cape Verde or PAIGC [Francisco BENANTE]; Front for theLiberation and Independence of Guinea or FLING [Francois MENDY];Guinea-Bissau Resistance-Ba Fata Movement or RGB-MB [Helder VazLOPES]; Guinean Civic Forum or FCG [Antonieta Rosa GOMES];International League for Ecological Protection or LIPE [AlhajeBubacar DJALO, president]; National Union for Democracy and Progressor UNDP [Abubacer BALDE, secretary general]; Party for DemocraticConvergence or PCD [Victor MANDINGA]; Social Renovation Party or PRS[Kumba YALA]; Union for Change or UM [Jorge MANDINGA, president, Dr.Anne SAAD, secretary general]; United Social Democratic Party orPUSD [Victor Sau'de MARIA]
GuyanaAlliance for Guyana or AFG (includes Guyana Labor Party orGLP and Working People's Alliance or WPA) [Rupert ROOPNARAINE];Guyana Action Party or GAP [Paul HARDY]; Guyana Labor Party or GLP[leader NA]; People's National Congress or PNC/R [Robert HermanOrlando CORBIN]; People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [BharratJAGDEO]; Rise, Organize, and Rebuild or ROAR [Ravi DEV]; The UnitedForce or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]; Working People's Alliance or WPA[Rupert ROOPNARAINE]
HaitiAlliance for the Liberation and Advancement of Haiti or ALAH[Reynold GEORGES]; Assembly of Progressive National Democrats orRDNP [Leslie MANIGAT]; Convergence (opposition coalition composed ofESPACE, OPL, and MOCHRENA) [Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES, Evans PAUL, LucMESADIEU, Victor BENOIT]; Democratic Consultation Group coalition orESPACE [Evans PAUL, Victor BENOIT] composed of the followingparties: National Congress of Democratic Movements or KONAKOM,National Progressive Revolutionary Party or PANPRA, Generation 2004,and Haiti Can; Haitian Christian Democratic Party or PDCH[Marie-France CLAUDE]; Haitian Democratic Party or PADEM [ClarkPARENT]; Lavalas Family or FL [Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE]; Mobilizationfor National Development or MDN [Hubert DE RONCERAY]; Movement forNational Reconstruction or MRN [Rene THEODORE]; Movement for theInstallation of Democracy in Haiti or MIDH [Marc BAZIN]; Movementfor the Organization of the Country or MOP [Gesner COMEAU and JeanMOLIERE]; National Cooperative Action Movement or MKN [Volrick RemyJOSEPH]; National Front for Change and Democracy or FNCD [Evans PAULand Turneb DELPE]; New Christian Movement for a New Haiti orMOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU]; Open the Gate or PLB [Renaud BERNARDIN];Struggling People's Organization or OPL [Gerard PIERRE-CHARLES]
Holy See (Vatican City)none
HondurasChristian Democratic Party or PDC [Dr. Hernan CORRALESPadilla]; Democratic Unification Party or PUD [leader NA]; LiberalParty or PL [Roberto MICHELETTI Bain]; National Innovation and UnityParty-Social Democratic Party or PINU-SD [Olban F. VALLADARES];National Party of Honduras or PN [Raphael CALLEJAS]
Hong KongAssociation for Democracy and People's Livelihood[Frederick FUNG Kin-kee, chairman]; Citizens Party [Alex CHANKai-chung]; Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong[Jasper TSANG Yok-sing, chairman]; Democratic Party [Martin LEEChu-ming, chairman]; Frontier Party [Emily LAU Wai-hing,chairwoman]; Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People'sLivelihood [leader NA]; Hong Kong Progressive Alliance [Ambrose LAUHon-chuen]; Liberal Party [James TIEN Pei-chun, chairman]; NewCentury Forum [NQ Ching-fai, chairman]note: political blocs include: pro-democracy - Association forDemocracy and People's Livelihood, Citizens Party, Democratic Party,Frontier Party; pro-Beijing - Democratic Alliance for the Bettermentof Hong Kong, Hong Kong Progressive Alliance, Liberal Party, NewCentury Forum
HungaryAlliance of Free Democrats or SzDSz [Gabor KUNCZE];Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Laszlo VARGA,chairman]; Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz-MPP [Jozsef SZASER,chairman]; Hungarian Democratic Forum or MDF [Ibolya DAVID];Hungarian Democratic People's Party or MDNP [Erzsebet PUSZTAI,chairman]; Hungarian Justice and Life Party or MIEP [Istvan CSURKA,chairman]; Hungarian Socialist Party or MSzP [Laszlo KOVACS,chairman]; Hungarian Workers' Party or MMP [Gyula THURMER, chairman]
IcelandIndependence Party or IP [David ODDSSON]; Left-GreenAlliance or LGP [Steingrimur SIGFUSSON]; Liberal Party or LP [GudjonKRISTJANSSON]; Progressive Party or PP [Halldor ASGRIMSSON]; SocialDemocratic Alliance (includes People's Alliance or PA, SocialDemocratic Party or SDP, Women's List)or SDA [Ossur SKARPHEDINSSON];Social Democratic Party or SDP [Sighvatur BJORGVINSSON]; Women'sList or WL [Kristin ASTGEIRSDOTTIR]
IndiaAll India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or AIADMK [C.Jayalalitha JAYARAM]; All India Forward Bloc or AIFB, [D. BISWAS(general secretary)]; Asom Gana Parishad [Brindaban GOSWAMI];Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP [MAYAWATI]; Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP[Jana KRISNAMURTHY]; Biju Janata Dal or BJD [Naveen PATNAIK];Communist Party of India or CPI [Ardhendu Bhushan BARDHAN];Communist Party of India/Marxist-Leninist or CPI/ML [DipankarBHATTACHARYA]; Congress (I) Party [Sonia GANDHI]; Dravida MunnetraKazagham or DMK (a regional party in Tamil Nadu) [M. KARUNANIDHI];Indian National League [Suliaman SAITH]; Janata Dal (Secular) [H. D.Deve GOWDA]; Janata Dal (United) or JDU [Sharad YADAV]; KeralaCongress (Mani faction) [K. M. MANI]; Marumalarchi Dravida MunnetraKazhagam or MDMK [VAIKO]; Muslim League [G. M. BANATWALA];Nationalist Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR]; Rashtriya JanataDal or RJD [Laloo Prasad YADAV]; Revolutionary Socialist Party orRSP [Abani ROY]; Samajwadi Party or SP [Mulayam Singh YADAV];Shiromani Akali Dal [G. S. TOHRA]; Shiv Sena [Bal THACKERAY]; TamilMaanila Congress [G. K. VASAN]; Telugu Desam Party or TDP[Chandrababu NAIDU]; Trinamool Congress [Mamata BANERJEE]
IndonesiaCrescent Moon and Star Party or PBB [Yusril Ihza MAHENDRA,chairman]; Federation of Functional Groups or Golkar [AkbarTANDJUNG, general chairman]; Indonesia Democracy Party-Struggle orPDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri, chairperson]; National Awakening Partyor PKB [Alwi SHIHAB, chairman]; National Mandate Party or PAN [AmienRAIS, chairman]; Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Hidayat NUR WAHID,chairman]; United Development Party or PPP (federation of formerIslamic parties) [Hamzah HAZ, chairman]
Irana loose pro-reform coalition called the 2nd Khordad frontachieved considerable success at elections to the sixth Majles inearly 2000, and groups in the coalition include: Islamic IranParticipation Front (IIPF); Executives of Construction Party(Kargozaran); Solidarity Party; Mojahedin of the Islamic RevolutionOrganization (MIRO); and Militant Clerics Society (Ruhaniyun); a newapparently conservative group, the Builders of Islamic Iran, emergedat the local level in early 2003
Iraqin transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husaynregime by US-led coalition
IrelandFianna Fail [Bertie AHERN]; Fine Gael [Enda KENNY]; GreenParty [Trevor SARGENT]; Labor Party [Pat RABITTE]; ProgressiveDemocrats [Mary HARNEY]; Sinn Fein [Gerry ADAMS]; Socialist Party[Joe HIGGINS]; The Workers' Party [Sean GARLAND]
IsraelCenter Party [Dan MERIDOR]; Democratic Front for Peace andEquality (Hadash) [Muhammad BARAKA]; Democratic Movement [RomanBRONFMAN]; Gesher [David LEVI]; Green Leaf Party [Boaz WACHTEL andShlomi SANDAK]; Herut [Michael KLEINER]; Labor Party [BinyaminBEN-ELIEZER]; Likud Party [Ariel SHARON]; Meimad [Rabbi MichaelMELCHIOR]; Meretz [Yossi SARID]; National Democratic Alliance(Balad) [Azmi BISHARA]; National Religious Party [Yitzhak LEVY];National Union [Benyamin ELON] (includes Tekuma and Moledet); OneIsrael [Ra'anan COHEN]; One Nation [Amir PERETZ]; Shas [EliyahuYISHAI]; Shinui [Tommy LAPID]; United Arab List [Abd al-MalikDAHAMSHAH]; United Torah Judaism [Meir PORUSH]; Yisra'el Ba'Aliya orYBA [Natan SHARANSKY]; Yisra'el Beiteinu [Avigdor LIEBERMAN]
ItalyCenter-Left Olive Tree Coalition [Francesco RUTELLI] -Democrats of the Left, Daisy Alliance (including Italian PopularParty, Italian Renewal, Union of Democrats for Europe, TheDemocrats), Sunflower Alliance (including Green Federation, ItalianDemocratic Socialists), Italian Communist Party; Center-RightFreedom House Coalition [Silvio BERLUSCONI] (formerly House ofLiberties and Freedom Alliance) - Forza Italia, National Alliance,The Whiteflower Alliance (includes Christian Democratic Center,United Christian Democrats), Northern League; Christian DemocraticCenter or CCD [Marco FOLLINI]; Democrats of the Left or DS [PieroFASSINO]; Forza Italia or FI [Silvio BERLUSCONI]; Green Federation[Alfonso Pecoraro SCANIO]; Italian Communist Party or PdCI [ArmandoCOSSUTTA]; Italian Popular Party or PPI [Pierluigi CASTAGNETTI];Italian Renewal or RI [Lamberto DINI]; Italian Social Democrats orSDI [Enrico BOSELLI]; Socialist Movement-Tricolor Flame or MS-Fiamma[Pino RAUTI]; National Alliance or AN [Gianfranco FINI]; NorthernLeague or NL [Umberto BOSSI]; Southern Tyrols People's Party or SVP(German speakers) [Siegfried BRUGGER]; Sunflower Alliance (includesGreen Federation, Italian Social Democrats); The Daisy Alliance(includes Italian Popular Party, Italian Renewal, Union of Democratsfor Europe, The Democrats); The Democrats [Arturo PARISI]; TheRadicals (formerly Pannella Reformers and Autonomous List) [MarcoPANNELLA]; The Whiteflower Alliance (includes Christian DemocraticCenter, United Christian Democrats); Union of Democrats for Europeor UDEUR [Clemente MASTELLA]; United Christian Democrats or CDU[Rocco BUTTIGLIONE]
JamaicaJamaica Labor Party or JLP [Edward SEAGA]; NationalDemocratic Movement or NDM [Bruce GOLDING]; People's National Partyor PNP [Percival James PATTERSON]
JapanDemocratic Party of Japan or DPJ [Naoto KAN, leader; KatsuyaOKADA, secretary general]; Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII,chairman; Tadayoshi ICHIDA, secretary general]; Komeito [TakenoriKANZAKI, president; Tetsuzo FUYUSHIBA, secretary general]; LiberalDemocratic Party or LDP [Junichiro KOIZUMI, president; Shinzo ABE,secretary general]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [MizuhoFUKUSHIMA, chairperson; Seiji MATAICHI, secretary general]
Jerseynone; all independents
JordanAl-Umma (Nation) Party [Ahmad al-HANANDEH, secretarygeneral]; Arab Land Party [Dr. Muhammad al-'ORAN, secretarygeneral]; Communist Party [Munir HAMARINAH, secretary general];Constitutional Front [Mahdi al-TALL, secretary general]; JordanianDemocratic Popular Unity Party [Sa'id DHIYAB, secretary general];Jordanian Progressive Party [Fawwaz al-ZUBI, secretary general];Jordanian People's Democratic (Hashd) Party [Salim al-NAHHAS,secretary general]; Islamic Action Front [Hazma MANSOUR, secretarygeneral]; National Action (Haqq) Party [Muhammad al-ZUBI, secretarygeneral]; National Constitutional Party [Abdul Hadi MAJALI,secretary general]; (Arab) Socialist Ba'th Party [Taysif al-HIMSI,secretary general]; Pan-Arab (Democratic) Movement [Mahmudal-NUWAYHI, secretary general]
KazakhstanAgrarian Party [Romin MADINOV]; Ak Zhol Party "WhiteRoad" [Bulat ABILOV, Uraz ZHANDOSOV, Zhanat YERTLESOVA, cofounders];AUL "Village" [leader NA]; Civic Party [Azat PERUASHEV, firstsecretary]; Communist Party or KPK [Serikbolsyn ABDILDIN, firstsecretary]; Otan "Fatherland" [Gani YESIMOV, chairman]; Patriots'Party [Gani KASYMOV]note: only seven parties in Kazakhstan have been registered underthe new political party law passed in July 2002