Government type
AfghanistanIslamic republic
Albaniarepublic
Algeriarepublic
American SamoaNA
Andorraparliamentary democracy (since March 1993) that retains asits chiefs of state a coprincipality; the two princes are thepresident of France and bishop of Seu d'Urgell, Spain, who arerepresented in Andorra by the coprinces' representatives
Angolarepublic; multiparty presidential regime
AnguillaNA
Antarctica Antarctic Treaty Summary - the Antarctic region is governed by a system known as the Antarctic Treaty System; the system includes: 1. the Antarctic Treaty, signed on 1 December 1959 and entered into force on 23 June 1961, which establishes the legal framework for the management of Antarctica, 2. Recommendations and Measures adopted at meetings of Antarctic Treaty countries, 3. The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Seals (1972), 4. The Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (1980), and 5. The Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (1991); the 33rd Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting was held in Punta del Este, Uruguay in May 2010; at these periodic meetings, decisions are made by consensus (not by vote) of all consultative member nations; by April 2010, there were 48 treaty member nations: 28 consultative and 20 non-consultative; consultative (decision-making) members include the seven nations that claim portions of Antarctica as national territory (some claims overlap) and 21 non-claimant nations; the US and Russia have reserved the right to make claims; the US does not recognize the claims of others; Antarctica is administered through meetings of the consultative member nations; decisions from these meetings are carried out by these member nations (with respect to their own nationals and operations) in accordance with their own national laws; the years in parentheses indicate when a consultative member-nation acceded to the Treaty and when it was accepted as a consultative member, while no date indicates the country was an original 1959 treaty signatory; claimant nations are - Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, NZ, Norway, and the UK. Nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgium, Brazil (1975/1983), Bulgaria (1978/1998) China (1983/1985), Ecuador (1987/1990), Finland (1984/1989), Germany (1979/1981), India (1983/1983), Italy (1981/1987), Japan, South Korea (1986/1989), Netherlands (1967/1990), Peru (1981/1989), Poland (1961/1977), Russia, South Africa, Spain (1982/1988), Sweden (1984/1988), Ukraine (1992/2004), Uruguay (1980/1985), and the US; non-consultative members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Austria (1987), Belarus (2006), Canada (1988), Colombia (1989), Cuba (1984), Czech Republic (1962/1993), Denmark (1965), Estonia (2001), Greece (1987), Guatemala (1991), Hungary (1984), North Korea (1987), Monaco (2008), Papua New Guinea (1981), Portugal (2010), Romania (1971), Slovakia (1962/1993), Switzerland (1990), Turkey (1996), and Venezuela (1999); note - Czechoslovakia acceded to the Treaty in 1962 and separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993; claimant nations are - Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, NZ, Norway, and the UK. Nonclaimant consultative nations are - Belgium, Brazil (1975/1983), Bulgaria (1978/1998) China (1983/1985), Ecuador (1987/1990), Finland (1984/1989), Germany (1979/1981), India (1983/1983), Italy (1981/1987), Japan, South Korea (1986/1989), Netherlands (1967/1990), Peru (1981/1989), Poland (1961/1977), Russia, South Africa, Spain (1982/1988), Sweden (1984/1988), Ukraine (1992/2004), Uruguay (1980/1985), and the US; non-consultative members, with year of accession in parentheses, are - Austria (1987), Belarus (2006), Canada (1988), Colombia (1989), Cuba (1984), Czech Republic (1962/1993), Denmark (1965), Estonia (2001), Greece (1987), Guatemala (1991), Hungary (1984), North Korea (1987), Monaco (2008), Papua New Guinea (1981), Portugal (2010), Romania (1971), Slovakia (1962/1993), Switzerland (1990), Turkey (1996), and Venezuela (1999); note - Czechoslovakia acceded to the Treaty in 1962 and separated into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993; Article 1 - area to be used for peaceful purposes only; military activity, such as weapons testing, is prohibited, but military personnel and equipment may be used for scientific research or any other peaceful purpose; Article 2 - freedom of scientific investigation and cooperation shall continue; Article 3 - free exchange of information and personnel, cooperation with the UN and other international agencies; Article 4 - does not recognize, dispute, or establish territorial claims and no new claims shall be asserted while the treaty is in force; Article 5 - prohibits nuclear explosions or disposal of radioactive wastes; Article 6 - includes under the treaty all land and ice shelves south of 60 degrees 00 minutes south and reserves high seas rights; Article 7 - treaty-state observers have free access, including aerial observation, to any area and may inspect all stations, installations, and equipment; advance notice of all expeditions and of the introduction of military personnel must be given; Article 8 - allows for jurisdiction over observers and scientists by their own states; Article 9 - frequent consultative meetings take place among member nations; Article 10 - treaty states will discourage activities by any country in Antarctica that are contrary to the treaty; Article 11 - disputes to be settled peacefully by the parties concerned or, ultimately, by the ICJ; Articles 12, 13, 14 - deal with upholding, interpreting, and amending the treaty among involved nations; other agreements - some 200 recommendations adopted at treaty consultative meetings and ratified by governments; a mineral resources agreement was signed in 1988 but remains unratified; the Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty was signed 4 October 1991 and entered into force 14 January 1998; this agreement provides for the protection of the Antarctic environment through six specific annexes: 1) environmental impact assessment, 2) conservation of Antarctic fauna and flora, 3) waste disposal and waste management, 4) prevention of marine pollution, 5) area protection and management and 6) liability arising from environmental emergencies; it prohibits all activities relating to mineral resources except scientific research; a permanent Antarctic Treaty Secretariat was established in 2004 in Buenos Aires, Argentina
Antigua and Barbuda constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government and a Commonwealth realm
Argentinarepublic
Armeniarepublic
Arubaparliamentary democracy
Australiafederal parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Austriafederal republic
Azerbaijanrepublic
Bahamas, Theconstitutional parliamentary democracy and aCommonwealth realm
Bahrainconstitutional monarchy
Bangladeshparliamentary democracy
Barbadosparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Belarusrepublic in name, although in fact a dictatorship
Belgiumfederal parliamentary democracy under a constitutionalmonarchy
Belizeparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Beninrepublic
Bermudaparliamentary; self-governing territory
Bhutanconstitutional monarchy
Boliviarepublic; note - the new constitution defines Bolivia as a"Social Unitarian State"
Bosnia and Herzegovinaemerging federal democratic republic
Botswanaparliamentary republic
Brazilfederal republic
British Virgin IslandsNA
Bruneiconstitutional sultanate (locally known as Malay IslamicMonarchy)
Bulgariaparliamentary democracy
Burkina Fasoparliamentary republic
Burmamilitary regime
Burundirepublic
Cambodiamultiparty democracy under a constitutional monarchy
Cameroonrepublic; multiparty presidential regime
Canadaa parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutionalmonarchy
Cape Verderepublic
Cayman Islandsparliamentary democracy
Central African Republicrepublic
Chadrepublic
Chilerepublic
ChinaCommunist state
Christmas IslandNA
Cocos (Keeling) IslandsNA
Colombiarepublic; executive branch dominates government structure
Comorosrepublic
Congo, Democratic Republic of therepublic
Congo, Republic of therepublic
Cook Islandsself-governing parliamentary democracy
Costa Ricademocratic republic
Cote d'Ivoirerepublic; multiparty presidential regime established1960note: the government is currently operating under a power-sharingagreement mandated by international mediators
Croatiapresidential/parliamentary democracy
CubaCommunist state
Curacaoparliamentary
Cyprusrepublicnote: a separation of the two ethnic communities inhabiting theisland began following the outbreak of communal strife in 1963; thisseparation was further solidified after the Turkish intervention inJuly 1974 that followed a Greek military-junta-supported coupattempt that gave the Turkish Cypriots de facto control in thenorth; Greek Cypriots control the only internationally recognizedgovernment; on 15 November 1983 Turkish Cypriot "President" RaufDENKTASH declared independence and the formation of a "TurkishRepublic of Northern Cyprus" ("TRNC"), which is recognized only byTurkey
Czech Republicparliamentary democracy
Denmarkconstitutional monarchy
Djiboutirepublic
Dominicaparliamentary democracy
Dominican Republicdemocratic republic
Ecuadorrepublic
Egyptrepublic
El Salvadorrepublic
Equatorial Guinearepublic
Eritreatransitional governmentnote: following a successful referendum on independence for theAutonomous Region of Eritrea on 23-25 April 1993, a NationalAssembly, composed entirely of the People's Front for Democracy andJustice or PFDJ, was established as a transitional legislature; aConstitutional Commission was also established to draft aconstitution; ISAIAS Afworki was elected president by thetransitional legislature; the constitution, ratified in May 1997,did not enter into effect, pending parliamentary and presidentialelections; parliamentary elections were scheduled in December 2001but were postponed indefinitely; currently the sole legal party isthe People's Front for Democracy and Justice (PFDJ)
Estoniaparliamentary republic
Ethiopiafederal republic
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)NA
Faroe IslandsNA
Fijirepublic
Finlandrepublic
Francerepublic
French PolynesiaNA
Gabonrepublic; multiparty presidential regime
Gambia, Therepublic
Georgiarepublic
Germanyfederal republic
Ghanaconstitutional democracy
GibraltarNA
Greeceparliamentary republic
Greenlandparliamentary democracy within a constitutional monarchy
Grenadaparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
GuamNA
Guatemalaconstitutional democratic republic
Guernseyparliamentary democracy
Guinearepublic
Guinea-Bissaurepublic
Guyanarepublic
Haitirepublic
Holy See (Vatican City)ecclesiastical
Hondurasdemocratic constitutional republic
Hong Konglimited democracy
Hungaryparliamentary democracy
Icelandconstitutional republic
Indiafederal republic
Indonesiarepublic
Irantheocratic republic
Iraqparliamentary democracy
Irelandrepublic, parliamentary democracy
Isle of Manparliamentary democracy
Israelparliamentary democracy
Italyrepublic
Jamaicaconstitutional parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealthrealm
Japana parliamentary government with a constitutional monarchy
Jerseyparliamentary democracy
Jordanconstitutional monarchy
Kazakhstanrepublic; authoritarian presidential rule, with littlepower outside the executive branch
Kenyarepublic
Kiribatirepublic
Korea, NorthCommunist state one-man dictatorship
Korea, Southrepublic
Kosovorepublic
Kuwaitconstitutional emirate
Kyrgyzstanrepublic
LaosCommunist state
Latviaparliamentary democracy
Lebanonrepublic
Lesothoparliamentary constitutional monarchy
Liberiarepublic
LibyaJamahiriya (a state of the masses) in theory, governed by thepopulace through local councils; in practice, an authoritarian state
Liechtensteinconstitutional monarchy
Lithuaniaparliamentary democracy
Luxembourgconstitutional monarchy
Macaulimited democracy
Macedoniaparliamentary democracy
Madagascarrepublic
Malawimultiparty democracy
Malaysiaconstitutional monarchynote: nominally headed by paramount ruler (commonly referred to asthe King) and a bicameral Parliament consisting of a nonelectedupper house and an elected lower house; all Peninsular Malaysianstates have hereditary rulers (commonly referred to as sultans)except Melaka and Pulau Pinang (Penang); those two states along withSabah and Sarawak in East Malaysia have governors appointed bygovernment; powers of state governments are limited by federalconstitution; under terms of federation, Sabah and Sarawak retaincertain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., right to maintain theirown immigration controls)
Maldivesrepublic
Malirepublic
Maltarepublic
Marshall Islandsconstitutional government in free association withthe US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 21October 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004
Mauritaniamilitary junta
Mauritiusparliamentary democracy
MayotteNA
Mexicofederal republic
Micronesia, Federated States of constitutional government in free association with the US; the Compact of Free Association entered into force on 3 November 1986 and the Amended Compact entered into force in May 2004
Moldovarepublic
Monacoconstitutional monarchy
Mongoliaparliamentary
Montenegrorepublic
MontserratNA
Moroccoconstitutional monarchy
Mozambiquerepublic
Namibiarepublic
Naururepublic
Nepalfederal democratic republic
Netherlandsconstitutional monarchy
New CaledoniaNA
New Zealandparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Nicaraguarepublic
Nigerrepublic
Nigeriafederal republic
Niueself-governing parliamentary democracy
Norfolk IslandNA
Northern Mariana Islands commonwealth; self-governing with locally elected governor, lieutenant governor, and legislature
Norwayconstitutional monarchy
Omanmonarchy
Pakistanfederal republic
Palauconstitutional government in free association with the US; theCompact of Free Association entered into force on 1 October 1994
Panamaconstitutional democracy
Papua New Guineaconstitutional parliamentary democracy and aCommonwealth realm
Paraguayconstitutional republic
Peruconstitutional republic
Philippinesrepublic
Pitcairn IslandsNA
Polandrepublic
Portugalrepublic; parliamentary democracy
Puerto Ricocommonwealth
Qataremirate
Romaniarepublic
Russiafederation
Rwandarepublic; presidential, multiparty system
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da CunhaNA
Saint Kitts and Nevis parliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Saint Luciaparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Saint Pierre and MiquelonNA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesparliamentary democracy and aCommonwealth realm
Samoaparliamentary democracy
San Marinorepublic
Sao Tome and Principerepublic
Saudi Arabiamonarchy
Senegalrepublic
Serbiarepublic
Seychellesrepublic
Sierra Leoneconstitutional democracy
Singaporeparliamentary republic
Sint Maartenparliamentary
Slovakiaparliamentary democracy
Sloveniaparliamentary republic
Solomon Islandsparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Somaliano permanent national government; transitional,parliamentary federal government
South Africarepublic
Spainparliamentary monarchy
Sri Lankarepublic
SudanGovernment of National Unity (GNU) - the National CongressParty (NCP) and Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) formed apower-sharing government under the 2005 Comprehensive PeaceAgreement (CPA); the NCP, which came to power by military coup in1989, is the majority partner; the agreement stipulated nationalelections in 2009, but these were subsequently rescheduled for April2010
Surinameconstitutional democracy
SvalbardNA
Swazilandmonarchy
Swedenconstitutional monarchy
Switzerlandformally a confederation but similar in structure to afederal republic
Syriarepublic under an authoritarian regime
Taiwanmultiparty democracy
Tajikistanrepublic
Tanzaniarepublic
Thailandconstitutional monarchy
Timor-Lesterepublic
Togorepublic under transition to multiparty democratic rule
TokelauNA
Tongaconstitutional monarchy
Trinidad and Tobagoparliamentary democracy
Tunisiarepublic
Turkeyrepublican parliamentary democracy
Turkmenistandefines itself as a secular democracy and apresidential republic; in actuality displays authoritarianpresidential rule, with power concentrated within the presidentialadministration
Turks and Caicos IslandsNA
Tuvaluparliamentary democracy and a Commonwealth realm
Ugandarepublic
Ukrainerepublic
United Arab Emiratesfederation with specified powers delegated tothe UAE federal government and other powers reserved to memberemirates
United Kingdomconstitutional monarchy and Commonwealth realm
United StatesConstitution-based federal republic; strong democratictradition
Uruguayconstitutional republic
Uzbekistanrepublic; authoritarian presidential rule, with littlepower outside the executive branch
Vanuatuparliamentary republic
Venezuelafederal republic
VietnamCommunist state
Virgin IslandsNA
Wallis and FutunaNA
Western Saharalegal status of territory and issue of sovereigntyunresolved; territory contested by Morocco and Polisario Front(Popular Front for the Liberation of the Saguia el Hamra and Rio deOro), which in February 1976 formally proclaimed agovernment-in-exile, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR),near Tindouf, Algeria, led by President Mohamed ABDELAZIZ; territorypartitioned between Morocco and Mauritania in April 1976 when Spainwithdrew, with Morocco acquiring northern two-thirds; Mauritania,under pressure from Polisario guerrillas, abandoned all claims toits portion in August 1979; Morocco moved to occupy that sectorshortly thereafter and has since asserted administrative control;the Polisario's government-in-exile was seated as an Organization ofAfrican Unity (OAU) member in 1984; Morocco between 1980 and 1987built a fortified sand berm delineating the roughly 80 percent ofWestern Sahara west of the barrier that currently is controlled byMorocco; guerrilla activities continued sporadically until aUN-monitored cease-fire was implemented on 6 September 1991(Security Council Resolution 690) by the United Nations Mission forthe Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO)
Yemenrepublic
Zambiarepublic
Zimbabweparliamentary democracy
======================================================================
@2129
Field Listing :: Unemployment rate
This entry contains the percent of the labor force that is withoutjobs. Substantial underemployment might be noted.Country Comparison to the WorldCountry
Unemployment rate(%)
Afghanistan 35% (2008 est.) 40% (2005 est.)
Albania12.7% (2010 est.)12.8% (2009 est.)note: these are official rates, but actual rates may exceed 30% dueto preponderance of near-subsistence farming
Algeria 9.9% (2010 est.) 10.2% (2009 est.)
American Samoa 29.8% (2005)
Andorra 7% (2008) 0% (2007)
AngolaNA
Anguilla8% (2002)
Antigua and Barbuda11% (2001 est.)
Argentina 7.9% (2010 est.) 8.7% (2009 est.) note: based on official data, which may understate unemployment
Armenia7.1% (2007 est.)
Aruba6.9% (2005 est.)
Australia5.1% (2010 est.)5.6% (2009 est.)
Austria4.6% (2010 est.)4.8% (2009 est.)
Azerbaijan0.9% (2010 est.)6% (2009 est.)
Bahamas, The7.6% (2006 est.)
Bahrain15% (2005 est.)
Bangladesh5.1% (2010 est.)5.1% (2009 est.)note: about 40% of the population is underemployed; manyparticipants in the labor force work only a few hours a week, at lowwages
Barbados10.7% (2003 est.)
Belarus1% (2009 est.)1.6% (2005)note: official registered unemployed; large number of underemployedworkers
Belgium8.1% (2010 est.)7.9% (2009 est.)
Belize13.1% (2009)8.2% (2008)
BeninNA%
Bermuda2.1% (2004 est.)
Bhutan4% (2009)2.5% (2004)
Bolivia8.3% (2010 est.)7.7% (2009 est.)note: data are for urban areas; widespread underemployment
Bosnia and Herzegovina27.2% (2010 est.)24.1% (2009 est.)note: official rate
Botswana7.5% (2007 est.)
Brazil 7% (2010 est.) 8.1% (2009 est.)
British Virgin Islands 3.6% (1997)
Brunei3.7% (2008)4% (2006)
Bulgaria9.5% (2010 est.)6.3% (2008 est.)
Burkina Faso77% (2004)
Burma5.7% (2010 est.)4.9% (2009 est.)
BurundiNA%
Cambodia 3.5% (2007 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)
Cameroon 30% (2001 est.)
Canada 8% (2010 est.) 8.3% (2009 est.)
Cape Verde 21% (2000 est.)
Cayman Islands4% (2008)4.4% (2004)
Central African Republic8% (2001 est.)note: 23% unemployment for Bangui
ChadNA% est.)
Chile8.7% (2010 est.)9.6% (2009 est.)
China4.3% (September 2009 est.)4.2% (December 2008 est.)note: official data for urban areas only; including migrants mayboost total unemployment to 9%; substantial unemployment andunderemployment in rural areas
Cocos (Keeling) Islands60% (2000 est.)
Colombia 11.2% (2010 est.) 12% (2009 est.)
Comoros20% (1996 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of theNA%
Congo, Republic of theNA%
Cook Islands13.1% (2005)
Costa Rica6.6% (2010 est.)7.8% (2009 est.)
Cote d'IvoireNAnote: unemployment may have climbed to 40-50% as a result of thecivil war
Croatia17.6% (2010 est.)16.1% (2009 est.)
Cuba2% (2010 est.)1.7% (2009 est.)
Curacao10.3% (2008 est.)
Cyprus6% (2010 est.)5.3% (2009 est.)
Czech Republic9.3% (2010 est.)8.1% (2009 est.)
Denmark4.2% (2010 est.)4.3% (2009 est.)
Djibouti59% (2007 est.)note: data are for urban areas, 83% in rural areas
Dominica23% (2000 est.)
Dominican Republic14.2% (2010 est.)14.9% (2009 est.)
Ecuador7.6% (2010 est.)8.5% (2009 est.)
Egypt9.7% (2010 est.)9.4% (2009 est.)
El Salvador7% (2010 est.)7.2% (2009 est.)note: data are official rates; but the economy has muchunderemployment
Equatorial Guinea30% (1998 est.)
EritreaNA%
Estonia13.5% (2010 est.)13.8% (2009 est.)
EthiopiaNA%
European Union9.5% (2010 est.)9% (2009 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)NA%
Faroe Islands 3.9% (2009) 1.2% (2008)
Fiji 7.6% (1999)
Finland7.9% (2010 est.)8.2% (2009 est.)
France9.5% (2010 est.)9.1% (2009 est.)
French Polynesia11.7% (2005)
Gabon21% (2006 est.); NA%
Gambia, TheNA%
Gaza Strip40% (2010 est.)40% (2009 est.)
Georgia16.4% (2009 est.)13.6% (2006 est.)
Germany7.1% (2010 est.)7.5% (2009 est.)note: this is the International Labor Organization's estimated ratefor international comparisons; Germany's Federal Employment Officeestimated a seasonally adjusted rate of 10.8%
Ghana11% (2000 est.)
Gibraltar3% (2005 est.)
Greece12% (2010 est.)9.4% (2009 est.)
Greenland6.8% (2007 est.)7.3% (2006 est.)
Grenada12.5% (2000)
Guam11.4% (2002 est.)
Guatemala3.2% (2005 est.)
Guernsey0.9% (March 2006 est.)
GuineaNA% est.)
Guinea-BissauNA%
Guyana11% (2007)
HaitiNA% est.)note: widespread unemployment and underemployment; more thantwo-thirds of the labor force do not have formal jobs
Honduras5.1% (2010 est.)3.2% (2009 est.)note: about 36% are unemployed or underemployed
Hong Kong4.6% (2010 est.)5.2% (2009 est.)
Hungary11.5% (2010 est.)10% (2009 est.)
Iceland8.6% (2010 est.)8% (2009 est.)
India10.8% (2010 est.)10.7% (2009 est.)
Indonesia7.1% (2010 est.)8.1% (2009 est.)
Iran14.6% (2010 est.)10.3% (2008 est.)note: data are according to the Iranian Government
Iraq15.3% (2009 est.)15.2% (2008 est.)
Ireland13.7% (2010 est.)11.8% (2009 est.)
Isle of Man1.8% (October 2010 est.)1.5% (December 2006 est.)
Israel6.4% (2010 est.)7.6% (2009 est.)
Italy8.4% (2010 est.)7.8% (2009 est.)
Jamaica12.9% (2010 est.)11.4% (2009 est.)
Japan5.2% (2010 est.)5.1% (2009 est.)
Jersey2.2% (2006 est.)
Jordan13.4% (2010 est.)12.9% (2009 est.)note: official rate; unofficial rate is approximately 30%
Kazakhstan5.5% (2010 est.)6.3% (2009 est.)
Kenya40% (2008 est.)40% (2001 est.)
Kiribati2% (1992 est.)
Korea, NorthNA%
Korea, South 3.7% (2010 est.) 3.7% (2009 est.)
Kosovo16.6% (2009 est.); 14%
Kuwait2.2% (2004 est.)
Kyrgyzstan18% (2004 est.)
Laos2.5% (2009 est.)2.4% (2005 est.)
Latvia19.1% (2010 est.)17.1% (2009 est.)
LebanonNA%
Lesotho45% (2002)
Liberia85% (2003 est.)
Libya30% (2004 est.)
Liechtenstein1.5% (31 December 2007)1.3% (September 2002)
Lithuania16% (2010 est.)13.7% (2009 est.)
Luxembourg5.5% (2010 est.)5.7% (2009 est.)
Macau3.6% (2009)3% (2008)
Macedonia33.1% (2010 est.)32.2% (2009 est.)
MalawiNA%
Malaysia 3.5% (2010 est.) 3.7% (2009 est.)
Maldives14.4% (2006 est.)
Mali30% (2004 est.)
Malta7% (2009 est.)6% (2008 est.)
Marshall Islands36% (2006 est.)30.9% (2000 est.)
Mauritania30% (2008 est.)20% (2004 est.)
Mauritius7.5% (2010 est.)7.3% (2009 est.)
Mayotte25.4% (2005)
Mexico5.6% (2010 est.)5.5% (2009 est.)note: underemployment may be as high as 25%
Micronesia, Federated States of22% (2000 est.)
Moldova 3.4% (2010 est.) 3.1% (2009 est.)
Monaco 0% (2005)
Mongolia 2.8% (2008) 3% (2007)
Montenegro14.7% (2007 est.)
Montserrat6% (1998 est.)
Morocco 9.8% (2010 est.) 9.1% (2009 est.)
Mozambique 21% (1997 est.)
Namibia 51.2% (2008 est.) 36.7% (2004 est.)
Nauru90% (2004 est.)
Nepal46% (2008 est.)42% (2004 est.)
Netherlands5.5% (2010 est.)4.8% (2009 est.)
New Caledonia17.1% (2004)
New Zealand 6.5% (2010 est.) 6.2% (2009 est.)
Nicaragua 8% (2010 est.) 8.2% (2009 est.) note: underemployment was 46.5% in 2008
NigerNA%
Nigeria4.9% (2007 est.)
Niue12% (2001)
Northern Mariana Islands8% (2005 est.)3.9% (2001)
Norway3.7% (2010 est.)3.2% (2009 est.)
Oman15% (2004 est.)
Pakistan 15% (2010 est.) 14% (2009 est.) note: substantial underemployment exists
Palau 4.2% (2005 est.)
Panama 4.4% (2010 est.) 6.7% (2009 est.)
Papua New Guinea 1.8% (2004)
Paraguay 6.9% (2010 est.) 7.9% (2009 est.)
Peru6.7% (2010 est.)8.1% (2009 est.)note: data are for metropolitan Lima; widespread underemployment
Philippines7.5% (2010 est.)7.5% (2009 est.)
Poland11.8% (2010 est.)11% (2009 est.)
Portugal10.7% (2010 est.)9.5% (2009 est.)
Puerto Rico12% (2002)
Qatar0.5% (2010 est.)0.5% (2009 est.)
Romania8.2% (2010 est.)7.8% (2009 est.)
Russia7.6% (2010 est.)8.4% (2009)
RwandaNA%
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha14% (1998 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis4.5% (1997)
Saint Lucia20% (2003 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon10.3% (1999)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines15% (2001 est.)
SamoaNA%
San Marino3.1% (2008)
Sao Tome and PrincipeNA%
Saudi Arabia10.8% (2010 est.)10.5% (2009 est.)note: data are for Saudi males only (local bank estimates; someestimates range as high as 25%)
Senegal48% (2007 est.)
Serbia17.2% (2010 est.); 16.6% (2009 est.)
Seychelles2% (2006 est.)
Sierra LeoneNA%
Singapore 2.3% (2010 est.) 3% (2009 est.)
Sint Maarten 10.6% (2008 est.)
Slovakia12.5% (2010 est.)11.4% (2009 est.)
Slovenia10.6% (2010 est.)9.2% (2009 est.)
Solomon IslandsNA%
SomaliaNA%
South Africa23.3% (2010 est.)24% (2009 est.)
Spain20% (2010 est.)18.1% (2009 est.)
Sri Lanka5.4% (2010 est.)5.9% (2009 est.)
Sudan18.7% (2002 est.)
Suriname9.5% (2004)
Swaziland40% (2006 est.)
Sweden8.3% (2010 est.)8.3% (2009 est.)
Switzerland3.9% (2010 est.)3.7% (2009 est.)
Syria8.3% (2010 est.)8.5% (2009 est.)
Taiwan5.2% (2010 est.)5.9% (2009 est.)
Tajikistan2.2% (2009 est.)2.3% (2008 est.)note: official rates; actual unemployment is higher
TanzaniaNA%
Thailand1.2% (2010 est.)1.5% (2009)
Timor-Leste20% (2006 est.)note: data are for rural areas, unemployment rises to more than 40%among urban youth
TogoNA%
TokelauNA%
Tonga13% (FY03/04 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago6.4% (2010 est.)5.8% (2009 est.)
Tunisia14% (2010 est.)13.3% (2009 est.)
Turkey12.4% (2010 est.)14.1% (2009 est.)note: underemployment amounted to 4% in 2008
Turkmenistan60% (2004 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands10% (1997 est.)
TuvaluNA%
UgandaNA%
Ukraine8.4% (2010 est.)8.8% (2009 est.)note: officially registered; large number of unregistered orunderemployed workers
United Arab Emirates2.4% (2001)
United Kingdom7.9% (2010 est.)7.6% (2009 est.)
United States9.6% (2010 est.)9.3% (2009 est.)
Uruguay7.4% (2010 est.)7.6% (2009 est.)
Uzbekistan1.1% (2010 est.)1.1% (2009 est.)note: officially measured by the Ministry of Labor, plus another 20%underemployed
Vanuatu1.7% (1999)
Venezuela12.1% (2010 est.)7.9% (2009 est.)
Vietnam6.4% (2010 est.)6.5% (2009 est.)
Virgin Islands6.2% (2004)
Wallis and Futuna15.2% (2003)
West Bank16.5% (2010 est.)19% (2009 est.)
Western SaharaNA%
World8.8% (2010 est.)8.2% (2009 est.)note: 30% (2007 est.) combined unemployment and underemployment inmany non-industrialized countries; developed countries typically4%-12% unemployment
Yemen35% (2003 est.)
Zambia50% (2000 est.)
Zimbabwe 95% (2009 est.) 80% (2005 est.)
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Field Listing :: Military - note
This entry includes miscellaneous military information of significance not included elsewhere. Country
Military - note
AkrotiriAkrotiri has a full RAF base, Headquarters for BritishForces Cyprus, and Episkopi Support Unit
American Samoadefense is the responsibility of the US
Andorradefense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Anguilladefense is the responsibility of the UK
Antarcticathe Antarctic Treaty prohibits any measures of a militarynature, such as the establishment of military bases andfortifications, the carrying out of military maneuvers, or thetesting of any type of weapon; it permits the use of militarypersonnel or equipment for scientific research or for any otherpeaceful purposes
Argentinathe Argentine military is a well-organized forceconstrained by the country's prolonged economic hardship; thecountry has recently experienced a strong recovery, and the militaryis implementing a modernization plan aimed at making the groundforces lighter and more responsive (2008)
Arubadefense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of the Netherlands
Ashmore and Cartier Islandsdefense is the responsibility ofAustralia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and RoyalAustralian Air Force
Barbadosthe Royal Barbados Defense Force includes a land-basedTroop Command and a small Coast Guard; the primary role of the landelement is to defend the island against external aggression; theCommand consists of a single, part-time battalion with a smallregular cadre that is deployed throughout the island; itincreasingly supports the police in patrolling the coastline toprevent smuggling and other illicit activities (2007)
Bermudadefense is the responsibility of the UK
Bouvet Islanddefense is the responsibility of Norway
British Indian Ocean Territorydefense is the responsibility of theUK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
British Virgin Islandsdefense is the responsibility of the UK
Cayman Islandsdefense is the responsibility of the UK
Christmas Islanddefense is the responsibility of Australia
Clipperton Islanddefense is the responsibility of France
Cocos (Keeling) Islandsdefense is the responsibility of Australia;the territory has a five-person police force
Cook Islandsdefense is the responsibility of New Zealand inconsultation with the Cook Islands and at its request
Coral Sea Islandsdefense is the responsibility of Australia
Cubathe collapse of the Soviet Union deprived the Cuban military ofits major economic and logistic support and had a significant impacton the state of Cuban equipment; the army remains well trained andprofessional in nature; while the lack of replacement parts for itsexisting equipment has increasingly affected operationalcapabilities, Cuba remains able to offer considerable resistance toany regional power (2010)
Curacaodefense is the responsibility of the Kingdom of theNetherlands
Dhekeliaincludes Dhekelia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Stationconnected by a roadway
European Unionthe five-nation Eurocorps - created in 1992 byFrance, Germany, Belgium, Spain, and Luxembourg - has deployedtroops and police on peacekeeping missions to Bosnia-Herzegovina,Macedonia, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and assumedcommand of the ISAF in Afghanistan in August 2004; Eurocorpsdirectly commands the 5,000-man Franco-German Brigade, theMultinational Command Support Brigade, and EUFOR in Bosnia andHerzegovina; in November 2004, the EU Council of Ministers formallycommitted to creating 13 1,500-man battle groups by the end of 2007,to respond to international crises on a rotating basis; 22 of theEU's 27 nations have agreed to supply troops; France, Italy, and theUK formed the first of three battle groups in 2005; Norway, Sweden,Estonia, and Finland established the Nordic Battle Group effective 1January 2008; nine other groups are to be formed; a rapid-reactionnaval EU Maritime Task Group was stood up in March 2007 (2007)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) defense is the responsibility of the UK
Faroe Islandsdefense is the responsibility of Denmark
French Polynesiadefense is the responsibility of France
French Southern and Antarctic Landsdefense is the responsibility ofFrance
Georgiaa CIS peacekeeping force of Russian troops is deployed inthe Abkhazia region of Georgia together with a UN military observergroup; a Russian peacekeeping battalion is deployed in South Ossetia
Gibraltardefense is the responsibility of the UK; the RoyalGibraltar Regiment replaced the last British regular infantry forcesin 1992
Greenlanddefense is the responsibility of Denmark
Guamdefense is the responsibility of the US
Guernseydefense is the responsibility of the UK
Heard Island and McDonald Islandsdefense is the responsibility ofAustralia; Australia conducts fisheries patrols
Holy See (Vatican City) defense is the responsibility of Italy; ceremonial and limited security duties performed by Pontifical Swiss Guard
Hong Kongdefense is the responsibility of China
IcelandIceland has no standing military force; under a 1951bilateral agreement - still valid - its defense was provided by theUS-manned Icelandic Defense Force (IDF) headquartered at Keflavik;however, all US military forces in Iceland were withdrawn as ofOctober 2006; although wartime defense of Iceland remains a NATOcommitment, in April 2007, Iceland and Norway signed a bilateralagreement providing for Norwegian aerial surveillance and defense ofIcelandic airspace (2008)
Isle of Mandefense is the responsibility of the UK
Jan Mayendefense is the responsibility of Norway
Jerseydefense is the responsibility of the UK
KiribatiKiribati does not have military forces; defense assistanceis provided by Australia and NZ
Laosserving one of the world's least developed countries, the LaoPeople's Armed Forces (LPAF) is small, poorly funded, andineffectively resourced; its mission focus is border and internalsecurity, primarily in countering ethnic Hmong insurgent groups;together with the Lao People's Revolutionary Party and thegovernment, the Lao People's Army (LPA) is the third pillar of statemachinery, and as such is expected to suppress political and civilunrest and similar national emergencies, but the LPA also hasupgraded skills to respond to avian influenza outbreaks; there is noperceived external threat to the state and the LPA maintains strongties with the neighboring Vietnamese military (2008)
LesothoLesotho's declared policy is maintenance of its independentsovereignty and preservation of internal security; in practice,external security is guaranteed by South Africa; restructuring ofthe Lesotho Defense Force (LDF) and Ministry of Defense and PublicService over the past five years has focused on subordinating thedefense apparatus to civilian control and restoring the LDF'scohesion; the restructuring has considerably improved capabilitiesand professionalism, but the LDF is disproportionately large for asmall, poor country; the government has outlined a reduction to aplanned 1,500-man strength, but these plans have met with vociferousresistance from the political opposition and from inside the LDF(2008)
LiechtensteinLiechtenstein has no military forces but is interestedin European security policy and is an active member of theOrganization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE)
Macaudefense is the responsibility of China
Maldivesthe Maldives National Defense Force (MNDF), with its smallsize and with little serviceable equipment, is inadequate to preventexternal aggression and is primarily tasked to reinforce theMaldives Police Service (MPS) and ensure security in the exclusiveeconomic zone (2008)
Marshall Islandsdefense is the responsibility of the US
Mayottedefense is the responsibility of France; a small contingentof French forces is stationed on the island
Micronesia, Federated States ofdefense is the responsibility of theUS
Monacodefense is the responsibility of France
Montserratdefense is the responsibility of the UK
NauruNauru maintains no defense forces; under an informalagreement, defense is the responsibility of Australia
Navassa Islanddefense is the responsibility of the US
New Caledoniadefense is the responsibility of France
Niuedefense is the responsibility of New Zealand
Norfolk Islanddefense is the responsibility of Australia
Northern Mariana Islandsdefense is the responsibility of the US
Palaudefense is the responsibility of the US; under a Compact ofFree Association between Palau and the US, the US military isgranted access to the islands for 50 years, but it has not stationedany military forces there (2008)