Rwandadegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne disease: malariaanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Sao Tome and Principedegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne disease: malariaanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Senegaldegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, dengue fever,malaria, Rift Valley fever, and yellow feverwater contact disease: schistosomiasisrespiratory disease: meningococcal meningitisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Serbiadegree of risk: intermediatefood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrheavectorborne disease: Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fevernote: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified inthis country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare casespossible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Sierra Leonedegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow feverwater contact disease: schistosomiasisaerosolized dust or soil contact disease: Lassa fever (2009)
Somaliadegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, and Rift Valley feverwater contact disease: schistosomiasisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
South Africadegree of risk: intermediatefood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid feverwater contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)
Sri Lankadegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis Avectorborne disease: dengue fever and chikungunyawater contact disease: leptospirosisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Sudandegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, African trypanosomiasis(sleeping sickness)water contact disease: schistosomiasisrespiratory disease: meningococcal meningitisanimal contact disease: rabiesnote: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified inthis country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare casespossible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Surinamedegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne disease: dengue fever, Mayaro virus, and malariawater contact disease: leptospirosis (2009)
Swazilanddegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne disease: malariawater contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)
Tajikistandegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne disease: malaria (2009)
Tanzaniadegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and plaguewater contact disease: schistosomiasisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Thailanddegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrheavectorborne diseases: dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, andmalariaanimal contact disease: rabieswater contact disease: leptospirosisnote: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified inthis country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare casespossible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Timor-Lestedegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: chikungunya, dengue fever and malaria (2009)
Togodegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and yellow feverwater contact disease: schistosomiasisrespiratory disease: meningococcal meningitisanimal contact disease: rabiesnote: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified inthis country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare casespossible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Ugandadegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria, plague, and African trypanosomiasis(sleeping sickness)water contact disease: schistosomiasisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Venezueladegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrheavectorborne disease: dengue fever and malaria (2009)
Vietnamdegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne diseases: dengue fever, malaria, Japanese encephalitis,and plaguewater contact disease: leptospirosisnote: highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza has been identified inthis country; it poses a negligible risk with extremely rare casespossible among US citizens who have close contact with birds (2009)
Yemendegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A, andtyphoid fevervectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malariawater contact disease: schistosomiasis (2009)
Zambiadegree of risk: very highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne diseases: malaria and plague are high risks in somelocationswater contact disease: schistosomiasisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
Zimbabwedegree of risk: highfood or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea,hepatitis A, and typhoid fevervectorborne disease: malariawater contact disease: schistosomiasisanimal contact disease: rabies (2009)
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@2194
Field Listing :: Refugees and internally displaced persons
This entry includes those persons residing in a country as refugees or internally displaced persons (IDPs). The definition of a refugee according to a United Nations Convention is "a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group or political opinion; and is unable or unwilling to avail himself/herself of the protection of that country, or to return there, for fear of persecution." The UN established the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in 1950 to handle refugee matters worldwide. The UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) has a different operational definition for a Palestinian refugee: "a person whose normal place of residence was Palestine during the period 1 June 1946 to 15 May 1948 and who lost both home and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 conflict." However, UNHCR also assists some 400,000 Palestinian refugees not covered under the UNRWA definition. The term "internally displaced person" is not specifically covered in the UN Convention; it is used to describe people who have fled their homes for reasons similar to refugees, but who remain within their own national territory and are subject to the laws of that state. Country
Refugees and internally displaced persons
AfghanistanIDPs: 132,246 (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced insouth and west due to drought and instability) (2007)
Algeriarefugees (country of origin): 90,000 (Western SaharanSahrawi, mostly living in Algerian-sponsored camps in thesouthwestern Algerian town of Tindouf)IDPs: undetermined (civil war during 1990s) (2007)
Angolarefugees (country of origin): 12,615 (Democratic Republic ofCongo)IDPs: 61,700 (27-year civil war ending in 2002; 4 million IDPsalready have returned) (2007)
Armeniarefugees (country of origin): 113,295 (Azerbaijan)IDPs: 8,400 (conflict with Azerbaijan over Nagorno-Karabakh,majority have returned home since 1994 ceasefire) (2007)
Azerbaijanrefugees (country of origin): 2,400 (Russia)IDPs: 580,000-690,000 (conflict with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh)(2007)
Bangladeshrefugees (country of origin): 26,268 (Burma)IDPs: 65,000 (land conflicts, religious persecution) (2007)
Beninrefugees (country of origin): 9,444 (Togo) (2007)
Bosnia and Herzegovinarefugees (country of origin): 7,269 (Croatia)IDPs: 131,600 (Bosnian Croats, Serbs, and Bosniaks displaced in1992-95 war) (2007)
BurmaIDPs: 503,000 (government offensives against ethnic insurgentgroups near the eastern borders; most IDPs are ethnic Karen,Karenni, Shan, Tavoyan, and Mon) (2007)
Burundirefugees (country of origin): 9,849 (Democratic Republic ofthe Congo)IDPs: 100,000 (armed conflict between government and rebels; mostIDPs in northern and western Burundi) (2007)
Cameroonrefugees (country of origin): 20,000-30,000 (Chad); 3,000(Nigeria); 24,000 (Central African Republic) (2007)
Central African Republicrefugees (country of origin): 7,900(Sudan); 3,700 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); note - UNHCRresumed repatriation of Southern Sudanese refugees in 2006IDPs: 197,000 (ongoing unrest following coup in 2003) (2007)
Chadrefugees (country of origin): 234,000 (Sudan); 54,200 (CentralAfrican Republic)IDPs: 178,918 (2007)
Chinarefugees (country of origin): 300,897 (Vietnam); estimated30,000-50,000 (North Korea)IDPs: 90,000 (2007)
ColombiaIDPs: 1.8-3.5 million (conflict between government andillegal armed groups and drug traffickers) (2007)
Congo, Democratic Republic of therefugees (country of origin):132,295 (Angola); 37,313 (Rwanda); 17,777 (Burundi); 13,904(Uganda); 6,181 (Sudan); 5,243 (Republic of Congo)IDPs: 1.4 million (fighting between government forces and rebelssince mid-1990s; most IDPs are in eastern provinces) (2007)
Congo, Republic of therefugees (country of origin): 46,341(Democratic Republic of Congo); 6,564 (Rwanda)IDPs: 48,000 (multiple civil wars since 1992; most IDPs are ethnicLari) (2007)
Costa Ricarefugees (country of origin): 9,699-11,500 (Colombia)(2007)
Cote d'Ivoirerefugees (country of origin): 25,615 (Liberia)IDPs: 709,000 (2002 coup; most IDPs are in western regions) (2007)
CroatiaIDPs: 2,900-7,000 (Croats and Serbs displaced in 1992-95war) (2007)
CyprusIDPs: 210,000 (both Turkish and Greek Cypriots; manydisplaced for over 30 years) (2007)
Djiboutirefugees (country of origin): 8,642 (Somalia) (2007)
Ecuadorrefugees (country of origin): 11,526 (Colombia); note -UNHCR estimates as many as 250,000 Columbians are seeking asylum inEcuador, many of whom do not register as refugees for fear ofdeportation (2007)
Egyptrefugees (country of origin): 60,000 - 80,000 (Iraq); 70,198(Palestinian Territories); 12,157 (Sudan) (2007)
EritreaIDPs: 32,000 (border war with Ethiopia from 1998-2000; mostIDPs are near the central border region) (2007)
Ethiopiarefugees (country of origin): 66,980 (Sudan); 16,576(Somalia); 13,078 (Eritrea)IDPs: 200,000 (border war with Eritrea from 1998-2000, ethnicclashes in Gambela, and ongoing Ethiopian military counterinsurgencyin Somali region; most IDPs are in Tigray and Gambela Provinces)(2007)
Gabonrefugees (country of origin): 7,178 (Republic of Congo) (2007)
Gambia, Therefugees (country of origin): 5,955 (Sierra Leone) (2007)
Gaza Striprefugees (country of origin): 1.017 million (PalestinianRefugees (UNRWA)) (2007)
Georgiarefugees (country of origin): 1,100 (Russia)IDPs: 220,000-240,000 (displaced from Abkhazia and South Ossetia)(2007)
Ghanarefugees (country of origin): 35,653 (Liberia); 8,517 (Togo)(2007)
GuatemalaIDPs: undetermined (the UN does not estimate there are anyIDPs, although some NGOs estimate over 200,000 IDPs as a result ofover three decades of internal conflict that ended in 1996) (2007)
Guinearefugees (country of origin): 21,856 (Liberia); 5,259 (SierraLeone); 3,900 (Cote d'Ivoire)IDPs: 19,000 (cross-border incursions from Cote d'Ivoire, Liberia,Sierra Leone) (2007)
Guinea-Bissaurefugees (country of origin): 7,454 (Senegal) (2007)
Indiarefugees (country of origin): 77,200 (Tibet/China); 69,609(Sri Lanka); 9,472 (Afghanistan)IDPs: at least 600,000 (about half are Kashmiri Pandits from Jammuand Kashmir) (2007)
IndonesiaIDPs: 200,000-350,000 (government offensives againstrebels in Aceh; most IDPs in Aceh, Central Kalimantan, CentralSulawesi Provinces, and Maluku) (2007)
Iranrefugees (country of origin): 914,268 (Afghanistan); 54,024(Iraq) (2007)
Iraqrefugees (country of origin): 10,000-15,000 (PalestinianTerritories); 11,773 (Iran); 16,832 (Turkey)IDPs: 2.4 million (ongoing US-led war and ethno-sectarian violence)(2007)
IsraelIDPs: 150,000-420,000 (Arab villagers displaced from homes innorthern Israel) (2007)
Jordanrefugees (country of origin): 1,835,704 (Palestinian Refugees(UNRWA)); 500,000 (Iraq)IDPs: 160,000 (1967 Arab-Israeli War) (2007)
Kazakhstanrefugees (country of origin): 3,700 (Russia); 508(Afghanistan) (2007)
Kenyarefugees (country of origin): 173,702 (Somalia); 73,004(Sudan); 16,428 (Ethiopia)IDPs: 250,000-400,000 (2007 post-election violence; KANU attacks onopposition tribal groups in 1990s) (2007)
Korea, NorthIDPs: undetermined (flooding in mid-2007 and famineduring mid-1990s) (2007)
KosovoIDP's: 21,000 (2007)
Lebanonrefugees (country of origin): 405,425 (Palestinian refugees(UNRWA)); 50,000-60,000 (Iraq)IDPs: 17,000 (1975-90 civil war, Israeli invasions); 200,000(July-August 2006 war) (2007)
Liberiarefugees (country of origin): 12,600 (Cote d'Ivoire)IDPs: 13,000 (civil war from 1990-2004; IDP resettlement began inNovember 2004) (2007)
Libyarefugees (country of origin): 8,000 (Palestinian Territories)(2007)
MacedoniaIDPs: fewer than 1,000 (ethnic conflict in 2001) (2007)
Malaysiarefugees (country of origin): 15,174 (Indonesia); 21,544(Burma) (2007)
MaldivesIDPs: 1,000-10,000 (December 2004 tsunami victims) (2007)
Malirefugees (country of origin): 6,300 (Mauritania) (2007)
MexicoIDPs: 5,500-10,000 (government's quashing of Zapatistauprising in 1994 in eastern Chiapas Region) (2007)
Montenegrorefugees (country of origin): 7,000 (Kosovo); note -mostly ethnic Serbs and Roma who fled Kosovo in 1999IDPs: 16,192 (ethnic conflict in 1999 and riots in 2004) (2007)
Namibiarefugees (country of origin): 4,700 (Angola) (2007)
Nepalrefugees (country of origin): 107,803 (Bhutan); 20,153(Tibet/China)IDPs: 50,000-70,000 (remaining from ten-year Maoist insurgency thatofficially ended in 2006; displacement spread across the country)(2007)
Nigeriarefugees (country of origin): 5,778 (Liberia)IDPs: undetermined (communal violence between Christians and Muslimssince President OBASANJO's election in 1999; displacement is mostlyshort-term) (2007)
Pakistanrefugees (country of origin): 1,043,984 (Afghanistan)IDPs: undetermined (government strikes on Islamic militants in SouthWaziristan); 34,000 (October 2005 earthquake; most of thosedisplaced returned to their home villages in the spring of 2006)(2007)
Papua New Guinearefugees (country of origin): 10,177 (Indonesia)(2007)
PeruIDPs: 60,000-150,000 (civil war from 1980-2000; most IDPs areindigenous peasants in Andean and Amazonian regions) (2007)
PhilippinesIDPs: 300,000 (fighting between government troops andMILF and Abu Sayyaf groups) (2007)
RussiaIDPs: 18,000-160,000 (displacement from Chechnya and NorthOssetia) (2007)
Rwandarefugees (country of origin): 46,272 (Democratic Republic ofthe Congo); 4,400 (Burundi) (2007)
Saudi Arabiarefugees (country of origin): 240,015 (PalestinianTerritories) (2007)
Senegalrefugees (country of origin): 19,630 (Mauritania)IDPs: 22,400 (approximately 65% of the IDP population returned in2005, but new displacement is occurring due to clashes betweengovernment troops and separatists in Casamance region) (2007)
Serbiarefugees (country of origin): 71,111 (Croatia); 27,414(Bosnia and Herzegovina); 206,000 (Kosovo), note - mostly ethnicSerbs and Roma who fled Kosovo in 1999 (2007)
Sierra Leonerefugees (country of origin): 27,311 (Liberia) (2007)
Solomon IslandsIDPs: 5,400 (displaced by tsunami on 2 April 2007)(2007)
SomaliaIDPs: 1.1 million (civil war since 1988, clan-basedcompetition for resources) (2007)
South Africarefugees (country of origin): 10,772 (DemocraticRepublic of Congo); 7,818 (Somalia); 5,759 (Angola) (2007)
Sri LankaIDPs: 460,000 (both Tamils and non-Tamils displaced due tolong-term civil war between the government and the separatistLiberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)) (2007)
Sudanrefugees (country of origin): 157,220 (Eritrea); 25,023(Chad); 11,009 (Ethiopia); 7,895 (Uganda); 5,023 (Central AfricanRepublic)IDPs: 5.3 - 6.2 million (civil war 1983-2005; ongoing conflict inDarfur region) (2007)
Syriarefugees (country of origin): 1-1.4 million (Iraq); 522,100(Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA))IDPs: 305,000 (most displaced from Golan Heights during 1967Arab-Israeli War) (2007)
Tanzaniarefugees (country of origin): 352,640 (Burundi); 127,973(Democratic Republic of the Congo) (2007)
Thailandrefugees (country of origin): 132,241 (Burma) (2007)
Timor-LesteIDPs: 100,000 (2007)
Togorefugees (country of origin): 5,000 (Ghana)IDPs: 1,500 (2007)
TurkeyIDPs: 1-1.2 million (fighting 1984-99 between Kurdish PKK andTurkish military; most IDPs in southeastern provinces) (2007)
Turkmenistanrefugees (country of origin): 11,173 (Tajikistan); lessthan 1,000 (Afghanistan) (2007)
Ugandarefugees (country of origin): 215,700 (Sudan); 28,880(Democratic Republic of Congo); 24,900 (Rwanda)IDPs: 1.27 million (350,000 IDPs returned in 2006 following ongoingpeace talks between the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) and theGovernment of Uganda) (2007)
United Statesrefugees (country of origin): the US admitted 62,643refugees during FY04/05 including; 10,586 (Somalia); 8,549 (Laos);6,666 (Russia); 6,479 (Cuba); 3,100 (Haiti); 2,136 (Iran) (2006)
Uzbekistanrefugees (country of origin): 39,202 (Tajikistan); 1,060(Afghanistan)IDPs: 3,400 (forced population transfers by government from villagesnear Tajikistan border) (2007)
West Bankrefugees (country of origin): 722,000 (PalestinianRefugees (UNRWA)) (2007)
Worldthe United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)estimated that in December 2006 there was a global population of 8.8million registered refugees and as many as 24.5 million IDPs in morethan 50 countries; the actual global population of refugees isprobably closer to 10 million given the estimated 1.5 million Iraqirefugees displaced throughout the Middle East (2007)
Yemenrefugees (country of origin): 91,587 (Somalia) (2007)
Zambiarefugees (country of origin): 42,565 (Angola); 60,874(Democratic Republic of the Congo); 4,100 (Rwanda) (2007)
Zimbabwerefugees (country of origin): 2,500 (Democratic Republic ofCongo)IDPs: 569,685 (MUGABE-led political violence, human rightsviolations, land reform, and economic collapse) (2007)
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@2195
Field Listing :: GDP (official exchange rate)
This entry gives the gross domestic product (GDP) or value of all final goods and services produced within a nation in a given year. A nation's GDP at official exchange rates (OER) is the home-currency-denominated annual GDP figure divided by the bilateral average US exchange rate with that country in that year. The measure is simple to compute and gives a precise measure of the value of output. Many economists prefer this measure when gauging the economic power an economy maintains vis-a-vis its neighbors, judging that an exchange rate captures the purchasing power a nation enjoys in the international marketplace. Official exchange rates, however, can be artificially fixed and/or subject to manipulation - resulting in claims of the country having an under- or over-valued currency - and are not necessarily the equivalent of a market-determined exchange rate. Moreover, even if the official exchange rate is market-determined, market exchange rates are frequently established by a relatively small set of goods and services (the ones the country trades) and may not capture the value of the larger set of goods the country produces. Furthermore, OER-converted GDP is not well suited to comparing domestic GDP over time, since appreciation/depreciation from one year to the next will make the OER GDP value rise/fall regardless of whether home-currency-denominated GDP changed. Country
GDP (official exchange rate)
Afghanistan$16.63 billion (2010 est.)
Albania$11.58 billion (2010 est.)
Algeria$159 billion (2010 est.)
American Samoa$462.2 million (2005)
Andorra$NA
Angola$85.81 billion (2010 est.)
Anguilla$175.4 million (2009 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda$1.099 billion (2010 est.)
Argentina$351 billion (2010 est.)
Armenia$8.83 billion (2010 est.)
Aruba$2.258 billion (2005 est.)
Australia$1.22 trillion (2010 est.)
Austria$366.3 billion (2010 est.)
Azerbaijan$52.17 billion (2010 est.)
Bahamas, The$7.538 billion (2010 est.)
Bahrain$21.73 billion (2010 est.)
Bangladesh$105.4 billion (2010 est.)
Barbados$3.963 billion (2010 est.)
Belarus$52.89 billion (2010 est.)
Belgium$461.3 billion (2010 est.)
Belize$1.431 billion (2010 est.)
Benin$6.494 billion (2010 est.)
Bermuda$NA
Bhutan$1.397 billion (2010 est.)
Bolivia$19.18 billion (2010 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina$16.2 billion (2010 est.)
Botswana$12.5 billion (2010 est.)
Brazil$2.024 trillion (2010 est.)
British Virgin Islands$1.095 billion (2008)
Brunei$11.96 billion (2010 est.)
Bulgaria$44.84 billion (2010 est.)
Burkina Faso$8.672 billion (2010 est.)
Burma$35.65 billion (2010 est.)
Burundi$1.469 billion (2010 est.)
Cambodia$11.36 billion (2010 est.)
Cameroon$21.88 billion (2010 est.)
Canada$1.564 trillion (2010 est.)
Cape Verde$1.573 billion (2010 est.)
Cayman Islands$2.25 billion (2008 est.)
Central African Republic$2.113 billion (2010 est.)
Chad$7.592 billion (2010 est.)
Chile$199.2 billion (2010 est.)
China$5.745 trillionnote: because China's exchange rate is determine by fiat, ratherthan by market forces, the official exchange rate measure of GDP isnot an accurate measure of China's output; GDP at the officialexchange rate substantially understates the actual level of China'soutput vis-a-vis the rest of the world; in China's situation, GDP atpurchasing power parity provides the best measure for comparingoutput across countries (2010 est.)
Colombia$283.1 billion (2010 est.)
Comoros$557 million (2010 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the$12.6 billion (2010 est.)
Congo, Republic of the$11.88 billion (2010 est.)
Cook Islands$183.2 million (2005 est.)
Costa Rica$35.02 billion (2010 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire$22.38 billion (2010 est.)
Croatia$59.92 billion (2010 est.)
Cuba$57.49 billion (2010 est.)
Curacao$5.08 billion (2008 est.)
Cyprus$22.75 billion (2010 est.)
Czech Republic$195.2 billion (2010 est.)
Denmark$304.6 billion (2010 est.)
Djibouti$1.139 billion (2010 est.)
Dominica$375 million (2010 est.)
Dominican Republic$50.87 billion (2010 est.)
Ecuador$61.49 billion (2010 est.)
Egypt$216.8 billion (2010 est.)
El Salvador$21.8 billion (2010 est.)
Equatorial Guinea$14.55 billion (2010 est.)
Eritrea$2.254 billion (2010 est.)
Estonia$19.22 billion (2010 est.)
Ethiopia$30.94 billion (2010 est.)
European Union$15.9 trillion (2010 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)$105.1 million (2002 est.)
Faroe Islands$2.45 billion (2008 est.)
Fiji$3.154 billion (2010 est.)
Finland$232 billion (2010 est.)
France$2.555 trillion (2010 est.)
French Polynesia$6.1 billion (2004)
Gabon$12.56 billion (2010 est.)
Gambia, The$1.04 billion (2010 est.)
Georgia$11.23 billion (2010 est.)
Germany$3.306 trillion (2010 est.)
Ghana$18.06 billion (2010 est.)
Gibraltar$1.106 billion (2006 est.)
Greece$302 billion (2010 est.)
Greenland$2.03 billion (2008)
Grenada$645 million (2010 est.)
Guam$2.773 billion (2001)
Guatemala$40.77 billion (2010 est.)
Guernsey$2.742 billion (2005)
Guinea$4.344 billion (2010 est.)
Guinea-Bissau$825 million (2010 est.)
Guyana$2.197 billion (2010 est.)
Haiti$6.495 billion (2010 est.)
Honduras$15.34 billion (2010 est.)
Hong Kong$226.5 billion (2010 est.)
Hungary$132.3 billion (2010 est.)
Iceland$12.77 billion (2010 est.)
India$1.43 trillion (2010 est.)
Indonesia$695.1 billion (2010 est.)
Iran$337.9 billion (2010 est.)
Iraq$84.14 billion (2010 est.)
Ireland$204.1 billion (2010 est.)
Isle of Man$2.719 billion (2005 est.)
Israel$201.3 billion (2010 est.)
Italy$2.037 trillion (2010 est.)
Jamaica$13.74 billion (2010 est.)
Japan$5.391 trillion (2010 est.)
Jersey$5.1 billion (2005 est.)
Jordan$27.13 billion (2010 est.)
Kazakhstan$129.8 billion (2010 est.)
Kenya$32.42 billion (2010 est.)
Kiribati$152 million (2010 est.)
Korea, North$28 billion (2009 est.)
Korea, South$986.3 billion (2010 est.)
Kosovo$3.237 billion (2007 est.)
Kuwait$117.3 billion (2010 est.)
Kyrgyzstan$4.444 billion (2010 est.)
Laos$6.341 billion (2010 est.)
Latvia$23.39 billion (2010 est.)
Lebanon$39.15 billion (2010 est.)
Lesotho$1.799 billion (2010 est.)
Liberia$977 million (2010 est.)
Libya$77.91 billion (2010 est.)
Liechtenstein$4.603 billion (2007)
Lithuania$35.73 billion (2010 est.)
Luxembourg$52.43 billion (2010 est.)
Macau$22.1 billion (2009 est.)
Macedonia$9.58 billion (2010 est.)
Madagascar$8.33 billion (2010 est.)
Malawi$5.035 billion (2010 est.)
Malaysia$219 billion (2010 est.)
Maldives$1.433 billion (2010 est.)
Mali$9.077 billion (2010 est.)
Malta$7.801 billion (2010 est.)
Marshall Islands$161.7 million (2008 est.)
Mauritania$3.486 billion (2010 est.)
Mauritius$9.427 billion (2010 est.)
Mayotte$NA
Mexico$1.004 trillion (2010 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of$238.1 million (2008)
Moldova$5.357 billion (2010 est.)
Monaco$NA
Mongolia$5.807 billion (2010 est.)
Montenegro$3.884 billion (2010 est.)
Montserrat$NA
Morocco$91.7 billion (2010 est.)
Mozambique$10.21 billion (2010 est.)
Namibia$11.45 billion (2010 est.)
Nauru$NA
Nepal$15.11 billion (2010 est.)
Netherlands$770.3 billion (2010 est.)
New Caledonia$3.3 billion (2003 est.)
New Zealand$138 billion (2010 est.)
Nicaragua$6.375 billion (2010 est.)
Niger$5.603 billion (2010 est.)
Nigeria$206.7 billion (2010 est.)
Niue$10.01 million (2003)
Northern Mariana Islands$633.4 million (2000)
Norway$413.5 billion (2010 est.)
Oman$53.78 billion (2010 est.)
Pakistan$174.8 billion (2010 est.)
Palau$164 million (2008)
Panama$27.2 billion (2010 est.)
Papua New Guinea$8.809 billion (2010 est.)
Paraguay$17.17 billion (2010 est.)
Peru$153.5 billion (2010 est.)
Philippines$189.1 billion (2010 est.)
Poland$438.9 billion (2010 est.)
Portugal$223.7 billion (2010 est.)
Puerto Rico$93.52 billion (2010 est.)
Qatar$126.5 billion (2010 est.)
Romania$158.4 billion (2010 est.)
Russia$1.477 trillion (2010 est.)
Rwanda$5.693 billion (2010 est.)
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha$NA
Saint Kitts and Nevis$562 million (2010 est.)
Saint Lucia$1 billion (2010 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon$NA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines$583 million (2010 est.)
Samoa$550 million (2010 est.)
San Marino$1.048 billion (2004)
Sao Tome and Principe$187 million (2010 est.)
Saudi Arabia$434.4 billion (2010 est.)
Senegal$12.66 billion (2010 est.)
Serbia$38.92 billion (2010 est.)
Seychelles$919 million (2010 est.)
Sierra Leone$1.901 billion (2010 est.)
Singapore$217.4 billion (2010 est.)
Sint Maarten$794.7 million (2008)
Slovakia$86.26 billion (2010 est.)
Slovenia$46.44 billion (2010 est.)
Solomon Islands$674 million (2010 est.)
Somalia$2.372 billion (2010 est.)
South Africa$354.4 billion (2010 est.)
Spain$1.375 trillion (2010 est.)
Sri Lanka$48.24 billion (2010 est.)
Sudan$65.93 billion (2010 est.)
Suriname$3.297 billion (2010 est.)
Swaziland$3.165 billion (2010 est.)
Sweden$444.6 billion (2010 est.)
Switzerland$522.4 billion (2010 est.)
Syria$59.63 billion (2010 est.)
Taiwan$427 billion (2010 est.)
Tajikistan$5.578 billion (2010 est.)
Tanzania$22.43 billion (2010 est.)
Thailand$312.6 billion (2010 est.)
Timor-Leste$616 million (2010 est.)
Togo$3.074 billion (2010 est.)
Tokelau$NA
Tonga$301 million (2010 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago$21.2 billion (2010 est.)
Tunisia$43.86 billion (2010 est.)
Turkey$729.1 billion (2010 est.)
Turkmenistan$27.96 billion (2010 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands$NA
Tuvalu$14.94 million (2002)
Uganda$17.12 billion (2010 est.)
Ukraine$136.6 billion (2010 est.)
United Arab Emirates$239.7 billion (2010 est.)
United Kingdom$2.259 trillion (2010 est.)
United States$14.62 trillion (2010 est.)
Uruguay$40.71 billion (2010 est.)
Uzbekistan$37.72 billion (2010 est.)
Vanuatu$721 million (2010 est.)
Venezuela$285.2 billion (2010 est.)
Vietnam$102 billion (2010 est.)
Virgin Islands$NA
Wallis and Futuna$NA
West Bank$6.641 billion (2008 est.)
Western Sahara$NA
WorldGWP (gross world product): $62.22 trillion (2010 est.)
Yemen$30.02 billion (2010 est.)
Zambia$15.69 billion (2010 est.)
Zimbabwe$5.574 billionnote: in 2009, the Zimbabwean dollar was taken out of circulation,making Zimbabwe's GDP at the official exchange rate a highlyinaccurate statistic (2010 est.)
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Field Listing :: Trafficking in persons
Trafficking in persons is modern-day slavery, involving victims who are forced, defrauded, or coerced into labor or sexual exploitation. The International Labor Organization (ILO), the UN agency charged with addressing labor standards, employment, and social protection issues, estimates that 12.3 million people worldwide are enslaved in forced labor, bonded labor, forced child labor, sexual servitude, and involuntary servitude at any given time. Human trafficking is a multi-dimensional threat, depriving people of their human rights and freedoms, risking global health, promoting social breakdown, inhibiting development by depriving countries of their human capital, and helping fuel the growth of organized crime. In 2000, the US Congress passed the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA), reauthorized in 2003 and 2005, which provides tools for the US to combat trafficking in persons, both domestically and abroad. One of the law's key components is the creation of the US Department of State's annual Trafficking in Persons Report, which assesses the government response (i.e., the current situation) in some 150 countries with a significant number of victims trafficked across their borders who are recruited, harbored, transported, provided, or obtained for forced labor or sexual exploitation. Countries in the annual report are rated in three tiers, based on government efforts to combat trafficking. The countries identified in this entry are those listed in the 2010 Trafficking in Persons Report as Tier 2 Watch List or Tier 3 based on the following tier rating definitions: Tier 2 Watch List countries do not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking but are making significant efforts to do so, and meet one of the following criteria: 1. they display high or significantly increasing number of victims, 2. they have failed to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons, or, 3. they have committed to take action over the next year. Tier 3 countries neither satisfy the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking nor demonstrate a significant effort to do so. Countries in this tier are subject to potential non-humanitarian and non-trade sanctions. Country
Trafficking in persons
Algeriacurrent situation: Algeria is a transit country for men andwomen trafficked from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe for the purposesof commercial sexual exploitation and involuntary servitude;criminal networks of sub-Saharan nationals in southern Algeriafacilitate transit by arranging transportation, forged documents,and promises of employmenttier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Algeria is placed on the Tier 2Watch List because it does not fully comply with the minimumstandards for the elimination of trafficking, however, it is makingsignificant efforts to do so; in January 2009, the governmentapproved new legislation that criminalizes trafficking in personsfor the purposes of labor and sexual exploitation representing animportant step toward complying with international standards;despite these efforts, the government did not show overall progressin punishing trafficking crimes and protecting trafficking victimsand continued to lack adequate measures to protect victims andprevent trafficking (2009)
Azerbaijancurrent situation: Azerbaijan is primarily a source andtransit country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor; womenand some children from Azerbaijan are trafficked to Turkey and theUAE for the purpose of sexual exploitation; men and boys aretrafficked to Russia for the purpose of forced labor; Azerbaijanserves as a transit country for victims from Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan,Kazakhstan, and Moldova trafficked to Turkey and the UAE for sexualexploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Azerbaijan is on the Tier 2 WatchList for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts tocombat trafficking in persons, particularly efforts to investigate,prosecute, and punish traffickers; to address complicity among lawenforcement personnel; and to adequately identify and protectvictims in Azerbaijan; the government has yet to develop amuch-needed mechanism to identify potential trafficking victims andrefer them to safety and care; poor treatment of trafficking victimsin courtrooms continues to be a problem (2008)
Bangladeshcurrent situation: Bangladesh is a source and transitcountry for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes offorced labor and commercial sexual exploitation; a significant shareof Bangladesh's trafficking victims are men recruited for workoverseas with fraudulent employment offers who are subsequentlyexploited under conditions of forced labor or debt bondage; childrenare trafficked within Bangladesh for commercial sexual exploitation,bonded labor, and forced labor; women and children from Bangladeshare also trafficked to India and Pakistan for sexual exploitationtier rating: Bangladesh is placed on Tier 2 Watch List because itdoes not fully comply with the minimum standards for the eliminationof trafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so,including some progress in addressing sex trafficking; thegovernment did not demonstrate sufficient progress in criminallyprosecuting and convicting labor trafficking offenders, particularlythose responsible for the recruitment of Bangladeshi workers for thepurpose of labor trafficking (2009)
Belizecurrent situation: Belize is a source, transit, anddestination country for men, women, and children trafficked for thepurposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor; themost common form of trafficking in Belize is the internal sextrafficking of minors; some Central American men, women, andchildren, particularly from Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador,migrate voluntarily to Belize in search of work but are subsequentlysubjected to conditions of forced labor or forced prostitutiontier rating: Belize is placed on Tier 2 Watch List because it doesnot fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking; however, it is making significant efforts to do so;despite efforts to raise public awareness of human trafficking andprovide protection services for trafficking victims, the governmentdid not show evidence of progress in convicting and sentencingtrafficking offenders last year (2009)
Burmacurrent situation: Burma is a source country for women,children, and men trafficked for the purpose of forced labor andcommercial sexual exploitation; Burmese women and children aretrafficked to East and Southeast Asia for commercial sexualexploitation, domestic servitude, and forced labor; Burmese childrenare subjected to conditions of forced labor in Thailand as hawkersand beggars; women are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitationto Malaysia and China; some trafficking victims transit Burma fromBangladesh to Malaysia and from China to Thailand; Burma's internaltrafficking remains the most serious concern occurring primarilyfrom villages to urban centers and economic hubs for labor inindustrial zones, agricultural estates, and commercial sexualexploitation; the Burmese military continues to engage in theunlawful conscription of child soldiers, and continues to be themain perpetrator of forced labor inside Burma; ethnic insurgentgroups also used compulsory labor of adults and unlawful recruitmentof children; the regime's widespread use of and lack ofaccountability in forced labor and recruitment of child soldiers isparticularly worrying and represents the top causal factor forBurma's significant trafficking problemtier rating: Tier 3 - serious problems remain in Burma, and in someareas, most notably in the area of forced labor, the Government ofBurma is not making significant efforts to comply with the minimumstandards for the elimination of trafficking, warranting a rankingof Tier 3; in other areas, particularly with regard to internationalsex trafficking of women and girls, the Government of Burma ismaking significant efforts (2010)
Camerooncurrent situation: Cameroon is a source, transit, anddestination country for women and children trafficked for thepurposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation; mostvictims are children trafficked within country, with girls primarilytrafficked for domestic servitude and sexual exploitation; both boysand girls are also trafficked within Cameroon for forced labor insweatshops, bars, restaurants, and on tea and cocoa plantations;children are trafficked into Cameroon from neighboring states forforced labor in agriculture, fishing, street vending, andspare-parts shops; Cameroon is a transit country for childrentrafficked between Gabon and Nigeria, and from Nigeria to SaudiArabia; it is a source country for women transported bysex-trafficking rings to Europetier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Cameroon is on the Tier 2 WatchList for its failure to provide evidence of increasing efforts tocombat human trafficking in 2007, particularly in terms of effortsto prosecute and convict trafficking offenders; while Cameroonreported some arrests of traffickers, none of them were prosecutedor punished; the government does not identify trafficking victimsamong vulnerable populations nor does it monitor the number ofvictims it intercepts (2008)
Central African Republiccurrent situation: Central African Republicis a source, transit, and destination country for men, women, andchildren trafficked for the purposes of forced labor and sexualexploitation; the majority of victims are children trafficked withinthe country for sexual exploitation, domestic servitude, streetvending, and forced agricultural, mine, market and restaurant labor;to a lesser extent, children are trafficked from the Central AfricanRepublic to Cameroon, Nigeria, and the Democratic Republic of Congo;rebels conscript children into armed forces within the countrytier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Central African Republic is on theTier 2 Watch List for the third consecutive year for its failure toshow evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in 2007;efforts to address trafficking through vigorous law enforcementmeasures and victim protection efforts were minimal, thoughawareness about trafficking appeared to be increasing in thecountry; the government does not actively investigate cases, work toidentify trafficking victims among vulnerable populations, or rescueand provide care to victims; the government has not taken measuresto reduce demand for commercial sex acts (2008)
Chadcurrent situation: Chad is a source, transit, and destinationcountry for children trafficked for the purposes of forced labor andcommercial sexual exploitation; the majority of children aretrafficked within Chad for involuntary domestic servitude, forcedcattle herding, forced begging, forced labor in petty commerce orthe fishing industry, or for commercial sexual exploitation; to alesser extent, Chadian children are also trafficked to Cameroon, theCentral African Republic, and Nigeria for cattle herding; childrenmay also be trafficked from Cameroon and the Central AfricanRepublic to Chad's oil producing regions for sexual exploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the Government of Chad does notfully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination oftrafficking and is not making any significant efforts to do so;although facing resource constraints, the government has thecapacity to conduct basic anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts,yet did not do so during the last year; it showed no results inenforcing government policy prohibiting the recruitment of childsoldiers; Chad has not ratified the 2000 UN TIP Protocol (2009)
Chinacurrent situation: China is a source, transit, and destinationcountry for men, women, and children trafficked for the purposes ofsexual exploitation and forced labor; the majority of trafficking inChina occurs within the country's borders, but there is alsoconsiderable international trafficking of Chinese citizens toAfrica, Asia, Europe, Latin America, the Middle East, and NorthAmerica; Chinese women are lured abroad through false promises oflegitimate employment, only to be forced into commercial sexualexploitation, largely in Taiwan, Thailand, Malaysia, and Japan;women and children are trafficked to China from Mongolia, Burma,North Korea, Russia, and Vietnam for forced labor, marriage, andprostitution; some North Korean women and children seeking to leavetheir country voluntarily cross the border into China and are thensold into prostitution, marriage, or forced labortier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - China is on the Tier 2 Watch Listfor the fourth consecutive year for its failure to provide evidenceof increasing efforts to combat human trafficking, particularly interms of punishment of trafficking crimes and the protection ofChinese and foreign victims of trafficking; victims are sometimespunished for unlawful acts that were committed as a direct result oftheir being trafficked, such as violations of prostitution orimmigration/emigration controls; the Chinese Government continued totreat North Korean victims of trafficking solely as economicmigrants, routinely deporting them back to horrendous conditions inNorth Korea; additional challenges facing the Chinese Governmentinclude the enormous size of its trafficking problem and thesignificant level of corruption and complicity in trafficking bysome local government officials (2008)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the current situation: Democratic Republic of the Congo is a source and destination country for men, women, and children subjected to trafficking for the purposes of forced labor and forced prostitution; the majority of this trafficking is internal, and much of it is perpetrated by armed groups and government forces outside government control within the country's unstable eastern provinces tier rating: Tier 3 - Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking and is not making significant efforts to do so; the government did not show evidence of progress in prosecuting and punishing labor or sex trafficking offenders, including members of its own armed forces; providing protective services for the vast majority of trafficking victims; or raising public awareness of human trafficking; in addition, the government's anti-trafficking law enforcement efforts decreased during the reporting period (2010)
Congo, Republic of thecurrent situation: Republic of the Congo is asource and destination country for children trafficked for thepurposes of forced labor and commercial sexual exploitation; girlsare trafficked from rural areas within the country for commercialsexual exploitation, forced street vending, and domestic servitude;children are trafficked from other African countries for domesticservitude, forced market vending, and forced labor in the fishingindustrytier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Republic of the Congo is on theTier 2 Watch List for its failure to show evidence of increasingefforts to combat trafficking in persons in 2007; struggling torecover from six years of civil conflict that ended in 2003, theRepublic of the Congo's capacity to address trafficking ishandicapped; the government neither monitors its borders fortrafficking activity nor provides specialized anti-traffickingtraining for law enforcement officials; the government does notencourage victims to assist in trafficking investigations orprosecutions, and has not taken measures to reduce demand forcommercial sex acts in the Republic of the Congo (2008)
Cote d'IvoireCote d'Ivoire is a source, transit, and destinationcountry for women and children trafficked for forced labor andcommercial sexual exploitation; trafficking within the country ismore prevalent than international trafficking and the majority ofvictims are children; women and girls are trafficked from northernareas to southern cities for domestic servitude, restaurant labor,and sexual exploitation; boys are trafficked internally foragricultural and service labor and transnationally for forced laborin agriculture, mining, construction, and in the fishing industry;women and girls are trafficked to and from other West and CentralAfrican countries for domestic servitude and forced street vendingtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Cote d'Ivoire is on the Tier 2Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing effortsto eliminate trafficking in 2007, particularly with regard to itslaw enforcement efforts and protection of sex trafficking victims;in addition, Ivoirian law does not prohibit all forms oftrafficking, and Cote d'Ivoire has not ratified the 2000 UN TIPProtocol (2008)
Cubacurrent situation: Cuba is principally a source country forchildren subjected to trafficking in persons, specificallycommercial sexual exploitation within the country; the scope oftrafficking within Cuba is difficult to gauge due to the closednature of the government and sparse non-governmental or independentreportingtier rating: Tier 3 - Cuba does not fully comply with the minimumstandards for the elimination of trafficking and is not makingsignificant efforts to do so; in a positive step, the Government ofCuba shared information about human trafficking and its efforts toaddress the issue; the government did not prohibit all forms oftrafficking during the reporting period, nor did it provide specificevidence that it prosecuted and punished trafficking offenders,protected victims of all forms of trafficking, or implemented victimprotection policies or programs to prevent human trafficking (2010)
Dominican Republiccurrent situation: the Dominican Republic is asource, transit, and destination country for men, women, andchildren trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexualexploitation and forced labor; a large number of Dominican women aretrafficked into prostitution and sexual exploitation in WesternEurope, Australia, Central and South America, and Caribbeandestinations; a significant number of women, boys, and girls aretrafficked within the country for sexual exploitation and domesticservitudetier rating: Tier 3 - for its failure to show evidence of increasingefforts to combat human trafficking, particularly in terms of notadequately investigating and prosecuting public officials who may becomplicit with trafficking activity, and inadequate governmentefforts to protect trafficking victims; the government has takenmeasures to reduce demand for commercial sex acts with childrenthrough criminal prosecutions (2008)
Equatorial Guineacurrent situation: Equatorial Guinea is primarilya destination country for children trafficked for the purpose offorced labor and possibly for the purpose of sexual exploitation;children have been trafficked from nearby countries for domesticservitude, market labor, ambulant vending, and possibly sexualexploitation; women may also be trafficked to Equatorial Guinea fromCameroon, Benin, other neighboring countries, and China for sexualexploitationtier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - Equatorial Guinea is on the Tier 2Watch List for its failure to provide evidence of increasing effortsto eliminate trafficking, particularly in the areas of prosecutingand convicting trafficking offenders and failing to formalizemechanisms to provide assistance to victims; although the governmentmade some effort to enforce laws against child labor exploitation,it failed to report any trafficking prosecutions or convictions in2007; the government continued to lack shelters or formal proceduresfor providing care to victims (2008)