Guineaurban population: 34% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Guinea-Bissauurban population: 30% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Guyanaurban population: 28% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Haitiurban population: 47% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Holy See (Vatican City)urban population: 100% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 0.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Hondurasurban population: 48% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Hong Kongurban population: 100% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Hungaryurban population: 68% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Icelandurban population: 92% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Indiaurban population: 29% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Indonesiaurban population: 52% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Iranurban population: 68% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Iraqurban population: 67% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Irelandurban population: 61% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Isle of Manurban population: 51% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Israelurban population: 92% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Italyurban population: 68% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Jamaicaurban population: 53% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Japanurban population: 66% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Jerseyurban population: 31% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Jordanurban population: 78% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Kazakhstanurban population: 58% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Kenyaurban population: 22% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Kiribatiurban population: 44% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Korea, Northurban population: 63% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Korea, Southurban population: 81% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Kuwaiturban population: 98% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Kyrgyzstanurban population: 36% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Laosurban population: 31% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 5.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Latviaurban population: 68% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Lebanonurban population: 87% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Lesothourban population: 25% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Liberiaurban population: 60% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 5.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Libyaurban population: 78% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Liechtensteinurban population: 14% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Lithuaniaurban population: 67% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Luxembourgurban population: 82% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Macauurban population: 100% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Macedoniaurban population: 67% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Madagascarurban population: 29% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Malawiurban population: 19% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 5.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Malaysiaurban population: 70% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Maldivesurban population: 38% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 5.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Maliurban population: 32% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Maltaurban population: 94% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Marshall Islandsurban population: 71% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Mauritaniaurban population: 41% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Mauritiusurban population: 42% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Mexicourban population: 77% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States ofurban population: 22% of totalpopulation (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Moldovaurban population: 42% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -1.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Monacourban population: 100% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Mongoliaurban population: 57% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Montenegrourban population: 60% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Montserraturban population: 14% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Moroccourban population: 56% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Mozambiqueurban population: 37% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Namibiaurban population: 37% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Nauruurban population: 100% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Nepalurban population: 17% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Netherlandsurban population: 82% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
New Caledoniaurban population: 65% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
New Zealandurban population: 87% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Nicaraguaurban population: 57% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Nigerurban population: 16% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Nigeriaurban population: 48% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Niueurban population: 39% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Northern Mariana Islandsurban population: 91% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 2.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Norwayurban population: 77% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Omanurban population: 72% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Pakistanurban population: 36% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Palauurban population: 81% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Panamaurban population: 73% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Papua New Guineaurban population: 12% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Paraguayurban population: 60% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Peruurban population: 71% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Philippinesurban population: 65% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Pitcairn Islandsurban population: 0% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Polandurban population: 61% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Portugalurban population: 59% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Puerto Ricourban population: 98% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.8% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Qatarurban population: 96% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Romaniaurban population: 54% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Russiaurban population: 73% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Rwandaurban population: 18% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunhaurban population: 39%of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevisurban population: 32% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saint Luciaurban population: 28% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelonurban population: 89% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 0.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadinesurban population: 47% of totalpopulation (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Samoaurban population: 23% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
San Marinourban population: 94% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sao Tome and Principeurban population: 61% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Saudi Arabiaurban population: 82% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Senegalurban population: 42% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Serbiaurban population: 52% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Seychellesurban population: 54% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sierra Leoneurban population: 38% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Singaporeurban population: 100% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Slovakiaurban population: 56% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sloveniaurban population: 48% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Solomon Islandsurban population: 18% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Somaliaurban population: 37% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
South Africaurban population: 61% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Spainurban population: 77% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sri Lankaurban population: 15% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sudanurban population: 43% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Surinameurban population: 75% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Swazilandurban population: 25% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Swedenurban population: 85% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Switzerlandurban population: 73% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Syriaurban population: 54% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tajikistanurban population: 26% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tanzaniaurban population: 25% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Thailandurban population: 33% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Timor-Lesteurban population: 27% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Togourban population: 42% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tokelauurban population: 0% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tongaurban population: 25% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Trinidad and Tobagourban population: 13% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tunisiaurban population: 67% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Turkeyurban population: 69% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Turkmenistanurban population: 49% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islandsurban population: 92% of total population(2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Tuvaluurban population: 49% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Ugandaurban population: 13% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Ukraineurban population: 68% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: -0.7% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
United Arab Emiratesurban population: 78% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
United Kingdomurban population: 90% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
United Statesurban population: 82% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Uruguayurban population: 92% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Uzbekistanurban population: 37% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 1.6% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Vanuatuurban population: 25% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Venezuelaurban population: 93% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Vietnamurban population: 28% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.1% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Virgin Islandsurban population: 95% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Wallis and Futunaurban population: 0% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
West Bankurban population: 72% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 3.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Western Saharaurban population: 81% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Worldurban population: 50.5% of total population (2010)rate of urbanization: 1.85% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)ten largest urban agglomerations: Tokyo (Japan) - 36,669,000; Delhi(India) - 22,157,000; Sao Paulo (Brazil) - 20,262,000; Mumbai(India) - 20,041,000; Mexico City (Mexico) - 19,460,000; NewYork-Newark (US) - 19,425,000; Shanghai (China) - 16,575,000;Kolkata (India) - 15,552,000; Dhaka (Bangladesh) - 14,648,000;Karachi (Pakistan) - 13,125,000 (2009)
Yemenurban population: 31% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 4.9% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Zambiaurban population: 35% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.3% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Zimbabweurban population: 37% of total population (2008)rate of urbanization: 2.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
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@2213
Field Listing :: Broadcast media
This entry provides information on the approximate number of public and private TV and radio stations in a country, as well as basic information on the availability of satellite and cable TV services. Country
Broadcast media
Afghanistanstate-owned broadcaster, Radio Television Afghanistan(RTA), operates a series of radio and television stations in Kabuland the provinces; an estimated 50 private radio stations, 8 TVnetworks, and about a dozen international broadcasters areavailable; more than 30 community-based radio stations broadcasting(2007)
AkrotiriBritish Forces Broadcast Service (BFBS) providesmulti-channel satellite TV service as well as BFBS radio broadcaststo the Akrotiri Sovereign Base (2009)
Albania2 public television networks, one of which transmits bysatellite to Albanian-language communities in neighboring countries;more than 60 private television stations operating; many viewers canpick up Italian and Greek TV broadcasts via terrestrial reception;cable TV service is available; 2 public radio networks and roughly50 private radio stations; several international broadcasters areavailable (2008)
Algeriastate-run Radio-Television Algerienne operates the broadcastmedia and carries programming in Arabic, Berber dialects, andFrench; use of satellite dishes is widespread, providing easy accessto European and Arab satellite stations; state-run radio operatesseveral national networks and roughly 40 regional radio stations(2007)
American Samoa3 television stations broadcasting; multi-channelpay-per-view television services are available; about a dozen radiostations, some of which are repeater stations (2009)
Andorra1 public television station and 2 public radio stations; afew commercial radio stations operating; good reception of radio andTV broadcasts from stations in France and Spain (2008)
Angolastate controls all broadcast media with nationwide reach;state-owned Televisao Popular de Angola (TPA) provides terrestrialTV service on 2 channels; a third TPA channel is available via cableand satellite; TV subscription services are available; state-ownedRadio Nacional de Angola (RNA) broadcasts on 5 stations; about ahalf dozen private radio stations broadcast locally (2008)
Anguilla1 private television station; multi-channel cable TVsubscription services are available; about 10 radio stations, one ofwhich is government-owned (2007)
Antigua and Barbudastate-controlled Antigua and BarbudaBroadcasting Service (ABS) operates 1 TV station; multi-channelcable TV subscription services are available; 1 radio stationoperated by ABS; roughly 15 radio stations, some broadcasting onmultiple frequencies (2007)
Argentinagovernment owns a TV station and a radio network; morethan 2 dozen TV stations and hundreds of privately-owned radiostations; high rate of cable TV subscription usage (2007)
Armenia2 public television networks operating alongside more than40 privately-owned television stations that provide local to nearnationwide coverage; major Russian broadcast stations are widelyavailable; subscription cable TV services are available in mostregions; Public Radio of Armenia is a national, state-run broadcastnetwork that operates alongside about 20 privately-owned radiostations; several major international broadcasters are available(2008)
Aruba2 commercial television stations; cable TV subscriptionservice provides access to foreign channels; about 20 commercialradio stations broadcast (2007)
Australiathe Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) runsmultiple national and local radio networks and TV stations, as wellas Australia Network, a TV service that broadcasts throughout theAsia-Pacific region and is the main public broadcaster; SpecialBroadcasting Service (SBS), a second large public broadcaster,operates radio and TV networks broadcasting in multiple languages;several large national commercial TV networks, a large number oflocal commercial TV stations, and hundreds of commercial radiostations are accessible; cable and satellite systems are available(2008)
AustriaAustria's public broadcaster, ORF, was the main broadcastsource until commercial radio and television service was introducedin the 1990s; cable and satellite TV are available, including GermanTV stations (2008)
Azerbaijan1 state-run and 1 public television channel; 4 domesticcommercial TV stations and about 15 regional TV stations; Turkish,Russian, and Iranian TV and radio broadcasts are available,especially in border regions; cable TV services are available inBaku; 1 state-run and 1 public radio network operating; a smallnumber of private commercial radio stations broadcasting; local FMrelays of Baku commercial stations are available in many localities;local relays of several international broadcasters had beenavailable until late 2008 when their broadcasts were banned from FMfrequencies (2008)
Bahamas, The2 television stations operated by government-owned,commercially run Broadcasting Corporation of the Bahamas (BCB);multi-channel cable TV subscription service is available; about 15radio stations operating with BCB operating a multi-channel radiobroadcasting network alongside privately-owned radio stations (2007)
Bahrainstate-run broadcast media; Bahrain Radio and TelevisionCorporation (BRTC) operates 5 terrestrial TV networks; satellite TVsystems provide access to international broadcasts; state-run BRTCbroadcasts over several radio stations; 1 private FM station directsbroadcasts to Indian listeners; radio and TV broadcasts fromcountries in the region are available (2007)
Bangladeshstate-owned broadcaster (BTV) operates 1 terrestrial TVstation, 3 radio networks, and about 10 local stations; 8 privatesatellite TV stations and 3 private radio stations alsobroadcasting; foreign satellite TV stations are gaining audienceshare in the large cities; several international radio broadcastersare available (2007)
Barbadosgovernment-owned Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation (CBC)operates the lone terrestrial television station; CBC also operatesa multi-channel cable TV subscription service; roughly a dozen radiostations, consisting of a CBC-operated network alongsideprivately-owned radio stations, in operation (2007)
Belarus4 state-controlled national TV channels; Polish and RussianTV broadcasts are available in some areas; state-run BelarusianRadio operates 3 national networks and an external service; Russianand Polish radio broadcasts are available (2007)
Belgiuma segmented market with the three major communities(Flemish, French, and German-speaking) each having responsibilityfor their own broadcast media; multiple TV channels exist for eachcommunity; additionally, in excess of 90% of households areconnected to cable and can access broadcasts of TV stations fromneighboring countries; each community has a public radio networkco-existing with private broadcasters (2007)
Belize8 privately-owned TV stations; multi-channel cable TVprovides access to foreign stations; about 25 radio stationsbroadcasting on roughly 50 different frequencies; state-run radiowas privatized in 1998 (2007)
Beninstate-run Office de Radiodiffusion et de Television du Benin(ORTB) operates a TV station with multiple channels giving it a widebroadcast reach; several privately-owned TV stations broadcast fromCotonou; satellite TV subscription service is available; state-ownedradio, under ORTB control, includes a national station supplementedby a number of regional stations; substantial number ofprivately-owned radio broadcast stations; transmissions of a fewinternational broadcasters are available on FM in Cotonou (2007)
Bermuda3 television stations; cable and satellite TV subscriptionservices are available; roughly 10 radio stations operating (2007)
Bhutanstate-owned TV station established in 1999; cable TV serviceoffers dozens of Indian and other international channels; firstradio station, privately launched in 1973, is now state-owned; 1private radio station began operations in 2006 (2007)
Bolivialarge number of radio and television broadcasting stationswith private media outlets dominating; state-owned and private radioand television stations generally operating freely, although bothpro-government and anti-government groups have attacked mediaoutlets in response to their reporting (2007)
Bosnia and Herzegovina3 public TV broadcasters: Radio and TV ofBosnia and Herzegovina, Federation TV (operating 2 networks), andSerb Republic Radio-TV; a local commercial network of 5 TV stations;2 private, near-national TV stations and dozens of small independentTV stations broadcasting; 3 large public radio broadcasters and alarge number of private radio stations (2007)
Botswana2 TV stations - 1 state-owned and 1 privately-owned;privately-owned satellite TV subscription service is available; 2state-owned national radio stations; 3 privately-owned radiostations broadcast locally (2007)
Brazilstate-run Radiobras operates a radio and a televisionnetwork; more than 1,000 radio stations and more than 100 TVchannels operating - mostly privately owned; private media ownershiphighly concentrated (2007)
British Indian Ocean TerritoryArmed Forces Radio and TelevisionService (AFRTS) broadcasts over 3 separate frequencies for US and UKmilitary personnel stationed on the islands (2009)
British Virgin Islands1 private TV station; multi-channel TV isavailable from cable and satellite subscription services; about ahalf dozen private radio stations operating (2007)
Bruneistate-controlled Radio Television Brunei (RTB) operates 4channels; 3 Malaysian TV stations are available; foreign TVbroadcasts are available via satellite and cable systems; RTBoperates 5 radio networks broadcasting on multiple frequencies;British Forces Broadcast Service (BFBS) provides radio broadcasts on2 FM stations; some radio broadcast stations from Malaysia areavailable via repeaters (2009)
Bulgaria4 national terrestrial television stations with 1state-owned and 3 privately-owned; a vast array of TV stations areavailable from cable and satellite TV providers; state-ownednational radio broadcasts over 3 networks; large number of privateradio stations broadcasting, especially in urban areas (2007)
Burkina Faso2 TV stations - 1 state-owned and 1 privately-owned;state-owned radio runs a national and regional network; substantialnumber of privately-owned radio broadcast stations; transmissions ofseveral international broadcasters available in Ouagadougou (2007)
Burmagovernment controls all domestic broadcast media; 3state-controlled television stations with 1 of the stationscontrolled by the armed forces; a fourth TV channel, a pay-TVstation, is a joint state-private venture; access to satellite TV islimited with residents required to register and pay a fee for allsatellite television receivers; 2 state-controlled domestic radiostations; transmissions of several international broadcasters areavailable in Burma; the opposition-backed station Democratic Voiceof Burma broadcasts into Burma via shortwave (2009)
Burundistate-controlled La Radiodiffusion et Television Nationalede Burundi (RTNB) operates the lone TV broadcast station and theonly national radio network; about 10 privately-owned radiobroadcast stations; transmissions of several internationalbroadcasters are available in Bujumbura (2007)
Cambodiamixture of state-owned, joint public-private, andprivately-owned broadcast media; 9 TV broadcast stations with mostoperating on multiple channels, including 1 state-operated stationbroadcasting from multiple locations, 6 stations either jointlyoperated or privately-owned with some broadcasting from severallocations, and 2 TV relay stations - one relaying a Frenchtelevision station and the other relaying a Vietnamese televisionstation; multi-channel cable and satellite systems are available;roughly 50 radio broadcast stations - 1 state-owned broadcaster withmultiple stations and a large mixture of public and privatebroadcasters; several international broadcasters are available (2009)
Cameroongovernment maintains tight control over broadcast media;state-owned Cameroon Radio Television (CRTV), broadcasting on both atelevision and radio network, was the only officially recognized andfully licensed broadcaster until August 2007 when the governmentfinally issued licenses to 2 private TV broadcasters and 1 privateradio broadcaster; about 70 privately-owned unlicensed radiostations operating but are subject to closure at any time; foreignnews services required to partner with state-owned national station(2007)
Canada2 public television broadcasting networks each with a largenumber of network affilates; several private-commercial networksalso with multiple network affiliates; overall, about 150 TVstations; multi-channel satellite and cable systems provide accessto a wide range of stations including US stations; mix of public andcommercial radio broadcasters with the Canadian BroadcastingCorporation (CBC), the public radio broadcaster, operating 4 radionetworks, Radio Canada International, and radio services toindigenous populations in the north; roughly 2,000 licensed radiostations in Canada (2008)
Cape Verdestate-run TV and radio broadcast network plus a growingnumber of private broadcasters; Portuguese public TV and radioservices for Africa are available; transmissions of a fewinternational broadcasters are obtainable (2007)
Cayman Islands4 television stations; cable and satellitesubscription services offer a variety of international programming;government-owned Radio Cayman operates 2 networks broadcasting on 5stations; 10 privately-owned radio stations operate alongside RadioCayman (2007)
Central African Republicgovernment-owned network, RadiodiffusionTelevision Centrafricaine, provides domestic TV broadcasting;licenses for 2 private TV stations are pending; state-owned radionetwork is supplemented by a small number of privately-ownedbroadcast stations as well as a few community radio stations;transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available(2007)
Chad1 state-owned TV broadcast station; state-owned radio network,Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne (RNT), operates national andregional stations; about 10 private radio stations; some stationsrebroadcast programs from international broadcasters (2007)
Chilenational and local terrestrial television channels, coupledwith extensive cable TV networks; the state-owned TelevisionNacional de Chile (TVN) network is self-financed through commercialadvertising revenues and is not under direct government control;large number of privately-owned TV stations; about 250 radiostations (2007)
Chinaall broadcast media are owned by, or affiliated with, theCommunist Party of China or a government agency; no privately-ownedtelevision or radio stations with state-run Chinese Central TV,provincial, and municipal stations offering more than 2,000channels; the Central Propaganda Department lists subjects that areoff limits to domestic broadcast media with the governmentmaintaining authority to approve all programming; foreign-made TVprograms must be approved prior to broadcast (2008)
Christmas Island1 community radio station; broadcasts of severalAustralian radio and television stations are received via satellite(2009)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands1 local radio station staffed by communityvolunteers; broadcasts of several Australian radio and TV stationsare received via satellite (2009)
Colombiacombination of state-owned and privately-owned broadcastmedia provide service; more than 500 radio stations and large numberof national, regional, and local TV stations (2007)
Comorosnational state-owned TV station and a TV station run byAnjouan regional government; national state-owned radio; regionalgovernments on the islands of Grande Comore and Anjouan each operatea radio station; a few independent and small community radiostations operate on the islands of Grande Comore and Moheli, andthese two islands have access to Mayotte Radio and French TV (2007)
Congo, Democratic Republic of thestate-owned TV broadcast stationwith near national coverage; more than a dozen privately-owned TVstations with 2 having near national coverage; 2 state-owned radiostations are supplemented by more than 100 private radio stations;transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are available(2007)
Congo, Republic of the1 state-owned TV and 3 state-owned radiostations; several privately-owned TV and radio stations; satelliteTV service is available; rebroadcasts of several internationalbroadcasters are available (2007)
Cook Islands1 privately-owned TV station broadcasts from Rarotongaproviding a mix of local news and overseas-sourced programs; asatellite program package is available; 6 radio stations broadcastwith 1 reportedly reaching all of the islands (2009)
Costa Ricamultiple privately-owned television stations and 1publicly-owned television station; cable network services are widelyavailable; more than 100 privately-owned radio stations and a publicradio network (2007)
Cote d'Ivoirestate-owned television operates 2 stations; no privateterrestrial TV stations, but satellite TV subscription service isavailable; state-owned radio operates 2 stations; some private radiostations; transmissions of several international broadcasters areavailable (2007)
Croatiathe national state-owned public broadcaster, CroatianRadiotelevision (HRT), operates 2 terrestrial TV networks, asatellite channel that rebroadcasts programs for Croatians livingabroad, and 6 regional TV centers; 2 private broadcasters operatenational terrestrial networks; about 15 privately-owned regional TVstations; multi-channel cable and satellite TV subscription servicesare available; state-owned public broadcaster operates 3 nationalradio networks and a number of regional radio stations; 2privately-owned national radio networks and a large number ofregional, county, city, and community radio stations (2007)
Cubagovernment owns and controls all broadcast media with privateownership of electronic media prohibited; government operates 4national TV networks and many local TV stations; government operates6 national radio networks, an international station, and many localradio stations; Radio-TV Marti is beamed from the US (2007)
Cyprusmixture of state and privately-run television and radioservices; the public broadcaster operates 2 TV channels and 4 radiostations; 6 private TV broadcasters, satellite and cable TV servicesincluding telecasts from Greece and Turkey, and a number of privateradio stations are available; in areas administered by TurkishCypriots, there are 2 public TV stations, 4 public radio stations,and privately-owned TV and radio broadcast stations (2007)
Czech Republicroughly 130 television broadcasters operating some350 television channels with 4 publicly operated and the remainderin private hands; 13 television stations have national coverage with4 being publicly operated; cable and satellite TV subscriptionservices are available; about 70 radio broadcasters are registeredoperating roughly 85 radio stations with 15 stations publiclyoperated; 16 radio stations provide national coverage with theremainder local or regional (2008)
Denmarkstrong public-sector television presence with state-ownedDanmarks Radio (DR) operating 4 channels and publicly-owned TV2operating roughly a half dozen channels; broadcasts ofprivately-owned stations are available via satellite and cable feed;DR operates 4 nationwide FM radio stations, 15 digital audiobroadcasting stations, and about 15 web-based radio stations;approximately 250 commercial and community radio stations areoperational (2007)
DhekeliaBritish Forces Broadcast Service (BFBS) providesmulti-channel satellite TV service as well as BFBS radio broadcaststo the Dhekelia Sovereign Base (2009)
Djiboutimaintains restrictions on the licensing and operation ofbroadcast media; state-owned Radiodiffusion-Television de Djibouti(RTD) operates the sole terrestrial TV station as well as the only 2domestic radio networks; no private TV or radio stations;transmissions of several international broadcasters are available(2007)
Dominicano terrestrial television service available; subscriptioncable TV provider offers some locally produced programming pluschannels from the US, Latin America, and the Caribbean;state-operated radio broadcasts on 6 stations; privately-owned radiobroadcasts on about 15 stations (2007)
Dominican Republiccombination of state-owned and privately-ownedbroadcast media; 1 state-owned television network and a number ofprivate TV networks; networks operate repeaters to extend signalsthroughout country; combination of state-owned and privately-ownedradio stations; more than 300 radio stations operating (2007)
Ecuador private broadcast media dominate; all stations are privately-owned except for 1 government-controlled station; multiple television networks, a number of national TV channels, and a large number of local channels; more than 400 radio stations; broadcast media required by law to give the government free air time to broadcast programs produced by the state (2007)
Egyptmix of state-run and private broadcast media; state-run TVoperates 2 national and 6 regional terrestrial networks as well as afew satellite channels; about 20 private satellite channels and alarge number of Arabic satellite channels are available viasubscription; state-run radio operates about 70 stations belongingto 8 networks; 2 privately-owned radio stations operational (2008)
El Salvadormultiple privately-owned national terrestrial televisionnetworks, supplemented by cable TV networks that carry internationalchannels; hundreds of commercial radio broadcast stations and 1government-owned radio broadcast station (2007)
Equatorial Guineastate maintains control of broadcast media withdomestic broadcast media limited to 1 state-owned TV station, 1state-owned radio station, and 1 private radio station owned by thepresident's eldest son; satellite TV service is available;transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are accessible(2007)
Eritreagovernment controls broadcast media with private ownershipprohibited; 1 state-owned TV station; state-owned radio operates 2networks; purchases of satellite dishes and subscriptions tointernational broadcast media are permitted (2007)
Estoniathe publicly-owned broadcaster, Eesti Rahvusringhaaling(ERR), operates 2 television channels; national private TV channelsexpanding service; a range of channels are aimed at Russian-speakingviewers; high penetration rate for cable TV services with more thanhalf of Estonian households connected; publicly-owned broadcaster,ERR, operates 4 radio networks and there are a growing number ofprivate commercial radio stations broadcasting nationally,regionally, and locally (2008)
Ethiopia1 public TV broadcast station broadcasting nationally and 1public radio broadcaster with stations in each of the 13administrative districts; a few commercial radio stations androughly a dozen community radio stations (2009)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)television service provided by amulti-channel service provider; radio services provided by thepublic broadcaster Falkland Islands Radio Service (FIRS),broadcasting on both AM and FM frequencies, and by the BritishForces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) (2007)
Faroe Islands1 publicly-owned TV station; the Faroesetelecommunications company distributes local and internationalchannels through its digital terrestrial network; publicly-ownedradio station supplemented by 2 privately-owned stationsbroadcasting over multiple frequencies (2008)
FijiFiji TV, a publicly-traded company, operates a free-to-airchannel as well as the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TVservices; state-owned commercial company, Fiji BroadcastingCorporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations - 2 public broadcastersand 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radiostations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd;transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available(2009)
Finlanda mix of publicly-operated TV stations and privately-ownedTV stations; the 2 publicly-owned TV stations recently expandedservices and the largest private TV station has introduced severalspecial-interest pay-TV channels; cable and satellite multi-channelsubscription services are available; all TV signals have beenbroadcast digitally since September 2007; analog broadcasts viacable networks were terminated in February 2008; public broadcastingmaintains a network of 13 national and 25 regional radio stations; alarge number of private radio broadcasters (2008)
Francea mix of both publicly-operated and privately-owned TVstations; state-owned France Televisions operates 4 networks, one ofwhich is a network of regional stations, and has part-interest inseveral thematic cable/satellite channels and internationalchannels; a large number of privately-owned regional and local TVstations; multi-channel satellite and cable services provide a largenumber of channels; public broadcaster Radio France operates 7national networks, a series of regional networks, and operatesservices for overseas territories and foreign audiences; RadioFrance Internationale (RFI), under the Ministry of Foreign Affairs,is a leading international broadcaster; a large number of commercialFM stations, with many of them consolidating into commercialnetworks (2008)
French Polynesiathe publicly-owned French Overseas Network (RFO),which operates in France's overseas departments and territories,broadcasts on 2 television channels and 1 radio station; agovernment-owned TV station is operating; a small number ofprivately-owned radio stations also broadcast (2008)
Gabonstate owns and operates 2 TV stations and 2 radio broadcaststations; a few private radio and TV stations are operational;transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters areaccessible; satellite service subscriptions are available (2007)
Gambia, Thestate-owned, single-channel TV service; state-ownedradio station and 4 privately-owned radio stations; transmissions ofmultiple international broadcasters are available, some viashortwave radio; foreign cable and satellite TV subscriptionservices are obtainable in some parts of the country (2007)
Gaza Strip1 television station and about 10 radio stations (2008)
Georgia1 state-owned public television station in Tbilisi and 8privately-owned TV stations; state-run public broadcaster operates 2networks; dozens of cable TV operators and several major commercialTV stations are operating; state-owned public radio broadcasteroperates 2 networks; several dozen private stations broadcast (2008)
Germanya mixture of publicly-operated and privately-owned TV andradio stations; national and regional public broadcasters competewith nearly 400 privately-owned national and regional TV stations;more than 90% of households have cable or satellite TV; hundreds ofradio stations broadcasting including multiple national radionetworks, regional radio networks, and a large number of local radiostations (2008)
Ghanastate-owned TV station, 2 state-owned radio networks; severalprivately-owned TV stations and a large number of privately-ownedradio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcastersare accessible; several cable and satellite TV subscription servicesare obtainable (2007)
GibraltarGibraltar Broadcasting Corporation (GBC) providestelevision and radio broadcasting services via 1 television stationand 4 radio stations; British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS)operates 1 radio station; broadcasts from Spanish radio and TVstations are accessible (2008)
Greecebroadcast media dominated by the private sector; roughly 150private TV channels, about a dozen of the private channels broadcastat the national or regional level; 3 publicly-owned terrestrial TVchannels with national coverage, 1 publicly-owned satellite channel,and 3 stations designed for digital terrestrial transmissions;multi-channel satellite and cable TV services obtainable; upwards of1,500 radio stations broadcasting, nearly all of themprivately-owned; state-run broadcaster has 7 national stations, 2international stations, and 19 regional stations (2007)
Greenlandthe Greenland Broadcasting Company provides public radioand television services throughout the island with a broadcaststation and a series of repeaters; a few private local televisionand radio stations broadcast; Danish public radio rebroadcasts areavailable (2007)
Grenadathe Grenada Broadcasting Network, jointly owned by thegovernment and the Caribbean Communications Network of Trinidad andTobago, operates a television station and 2 radio stations;multi-channel cable TV subscription service is available; a dozenprivate radio stations also broadcast (2007)
Guamabout a dozen TV broadcast channels, including digitalchannels; multi-channel cable TV services are available; roughly 20radio stations broadcasting (2009)
Guatemala4 privately-owned national terrestrial TV channelsdominate TV broadcasting; multi-channel satellite and cable servicesare available; 1 government-owned radio station and hundreds ofprivately-owned radio stations (2007)
Guernseymultiple UK terrestrial television broadcasts - receivedvia a transmitter in Jersey with relays in Jersey, Guernsey, andAlderney - will begin switching from analog to digital broadcasts inNovember 2010; satellite packages are available; BBC Radio Guernseyand 1 other radio station operating (2009)
Guineagovernment maintains control over broadcast media; singlestate-run TV station; state-run radio broadcast station alsooperates several stations in rural areas; about 20 privately-ownedradio stations, nearly all in Conakry, and about a dozen communityradio stations; foreign television programming available viasatellite and cable subscription services (2008)
Guinea-Bissau1 state-owned TV station and a second station, RTPAfrica, is operated by Portuguese public broadcaster RTP; 1state-owned radio station, several private radio stations, and somecommunity radio stations; multiple international broadcasters areavailable (2007)
Guyanagovernment-dominated broadcast media; the NationalCommunications Network (NCN) TV is state-owned; a few private TVstations relay satellite services; the state owns and operates 2radio stations broadcasting on multiple frequencies capable ofreaching the entire country; government limits on licensing of newprivate radio stations continue to constrain competition inbroadcast media (2007)
Haitiseveral television stations, including 1 government-owned;cable TV subscription service is available; government-owned radionetwork; more than 250 private and community radio stationsoperating with about 50 FM stations in Port-au-Prince alone (2007)
Holy See (Vatican City)the Vatican Television Center (CTV)transmits live broadcasts of the Pope's Sunday and Wednesdayaudiences, as well as the Pope's public celebrations; CTV alsoproduces documentaries; Vatican Radio is the Holy See's officialbroadcasting service broadcasting via shortwave, AM and FMfrequencies, and via satellite and Internet connections (2008)
Hondurasmultiple privately-owned terrestrial television networks,supplemented by multiple cable TV networks; Radio Honduras is thelone government-owned radio network; roughly 300 privately-ownedradio stations (2007)
Hong Kong2 commercial terrestrial television networks each withmultiple stations; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems areavailable; 3 radio networks, one of which is government-funded,operate about 15 radio stations (2008)
Hungarymixed system of state-supported public service broadcastmedia and private broadcasters; the 3 publicly-owned TV channels andthe 2 main privately-owned TV stations are the major nationalbroadcasters; a large number of special interest channels haveemerged; highly developed market for satellite and cable TV serviceswith about two-thirds of viewers utilizing multi-channel services; 3state-supported public-service radio networks and 2 major nationalcommercial stations; a large number of local stations includingcommercial, public service, nonprofit, and community radio stations(2007)
Icelandstate-owned public television broadcaster operates 1 TVchannel nationally; several privately-owned TV stations broadcastnationally and roughly another half-dozen operate locally; abouthalf the households utilize multi-channel cable or satellite TVservices; state-owned public radio broadcaster operates 2 nationalnetworks and 4 regional stations; 2 privately-owned radio stationsoperate nationally and another 15 provide more limited coverage(2007)
IndiaDoordarshan, India's public TV network, operates about 20national, regional, and local services; large number ofprivately-owned TV stations are distributed by cable and satelliteservice providers; government controls AM radio with All India Radiooperating domestic and external networks; news broadcasts via radioare limited to the All India Radio Network; since 2000,privately-owned FM stations are permitted but limited tobroadcasting entertainment and educational content (2007)
Indonesiamixture of about a dozen national television networks - 2public broadcasters, the remainder private broadcasters - each withmultiple transmitters; more than 100 local TV stations operating;widespread use of satellite and cable TV systems; public radiobroadcaster operates 6 national networks as well as regional andlocal stations; overall, more than 700 radio stations operating withmore than 650 privately-operated (2008)
Iranstate-run broadcast media with no private, independentbroadcasters; Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB), thestate-run TV broadcaster, operates 5 nationwide channels, a newschannel, about 30 provincial channels, and several internationalchannels; about 20 foreign Persian-language TV stations broadcastingon satellite TV are capable of being seen in Iran; satellite dishesare illegal and, while their use had been tolerated, authoritiesbegan confiscating satellite dishes following the unrest stemmingfrom the 2009 presidential election; IRIB operates 8 nationwidenetworks, a number of provincial stations, and an external service;most major international broadcasters transmit to Iran (2009)
Iraqthe number of private radio and television stations hasincreased rapidly since 2003; government-owned TV and radio stationsare operated by the publicly-funded Iraqi Public BroadcastingService; private broadcast media are mostly linked to political,ethnic, or religious groups; satellite TV is available to anestimated 70% of viewers and many of the broadcasters are basedabroad; transmissions of multiple international radio broadcastersare accessible (2007)
Irelandpublicly-owned broadcaster Radio Telefis Eireann (RTE)operates 2 TV stations; commercial television stations areavailable; about 75% of households utilize multi-channel satelliteand TV services that provide access to a wide range of stations; RTEoperates 4 national radio stations and has launched digital audiobroadcasts on several stations; a number of commercial broadcaststations operate at the national, regional, and local levels (2007)
Isle of Mannational public radio broadcasts over 3 FM stations and1 AM station; 2 commercial broadcasters operating with 1 havingmultiple FM stations; receives radio and TV services via relays fromBritish TV and radio broadcasters (2008)
Israelstate broadcasting network, operated by the IsraelBroadcasting Authority (IBA), broadcasts on 2 channels, one inHebrew and the other in Arabic; 5 commercial channels including achannel broadcasting in Russian, a channel broadcasting Knessetproceedings, and a music channel supervised by a public body;multi-channel satellite and cable TV packages provide access toforeign channels; IBA broadcasts on 8 radio networks with multiplerepeaters and Israel Defense Forces Radio broadcasts over multiplestations; about 15 privately-owned radio stations; overall more than100 stations and repeater stations operating (2008)
Italytwo Italian media giants - the publicly-owned RadiotelevisioneItaliana (RAI) with 3 national terrestrial stations andprivately-owned Mediaset with 3 national terrestrial stations -dominate; additional broadcasts by a large number of privatestations and Sky Italia - a satellite TV network; RAI operates 3AM/FM nationwide radio stations; some 1,300 commercial radiostations (2007)
Jamaicaprivately-owned Radio Jamaica Limited and its subsidiariesoperate multiple television stations, subscription cable services,and radio stations; 2 other privately-owned television stationsbroadcast; roughly 70 radio stations (2007)
Jan Mayena coastal radio station has been remotely operated since1994 (2008)
Japana mixture of public and commercial broadcast TV and radiostations; 5 national terrestrial television networks including 1public broadcaster; the large number of radio and TV stationsavailable provide a wide range of choices; satellite and cableservices provide access to international channels (2008)
Jerseymultiple UK terrestrial television broadcasts - received viaa transmitter in Jersey with relays in Jersey, Guernsey, andAlderney - will begin switching from analog to digital broadcasts inNovember 2010; satellite packages available; BBC Radio Jersey and 1other radio station operating (2009)