GENERAL INDEX.

GENERAL INDEX.AAchilles, shield of,12;spear of,18,242Addua, Gauls defeated on the,374Æs importatum,414,419;signatum,422Æschylus quoted,11Æsculapius, temple of,18Æstii, the, iron scarce among,19Æthiopians, bronze rare among,17African axe of iron,149;ironworkers,181;swords,306;trumpet,359Agamemnon, breast-plate of,12Agatharchides quoted,8Akerman, J. Y., F.S.A., cited,391,399Alban necropolis,341Alcinous, walls of palace of, bronze-plated,11Algonquins, fusing of copper among the,3Alloys, various, of copper and tin,22,178,265,352,415,476Amber, beads,135,189,244,366,394,487;buttons or studs,217;cup with interment,243,486;hilts or pommels,228,229;ornaments,373,483,485,487;trade in,483,486American tomahawks,162Amulets, celts used as,134Analysis of metal of caldron,412;celts,417,421;Indian celts,40;chisels, Mexican and Peruvian,166;shield,346;solder,425;trumpets,360,363;various bronzes,415 to 422Anderson, Mr. Joseph, quoted,239,290Anvils,180 to 183,375,451Ariantes, Scythian king,318Armillæ and Armlets.SeeBraceletsArreton Down type of spear-head,257,480Arrow-heads,216,318,323;flint,39,42,167,190,223,226,236,318,391,487Arundelian marbles,14Aryan name for copper,10Asiatic origin of bronze,2,276,420,477Assyrians, early use of iron among,9;wore penannular bracelets,383Asteropæus, breast-plate of,13Ausonius quoted,29Awls,188 to 191;double-pointed,190;tanged,189,190;handled,191;with interments,189,190,191,225,241,319,392,457Axes,14,41,147 to 156,161,162;African modern iron,149;ceremonial,450;Egyptian,147;Hungarian,147,161,482;clay mould for,428;of copper,265;perforated,161,478,482;stone,190,226Axe-hammers, of stone,217,224,225,243Axe-shaped socketed celts,142Aymara Indians,148Aymard, M., collection,215Aztec chisel,166BBanks, Sir J., quoted,34,155Banks, Rev. S., collection,78,133Barnwell, Rev. E. L., quoted,55,77Barthélemy, Abbé, quoted,20Bateman collection,seeMuseums, Sheffield;Mr., quoted,42,44,151,190,225,227,228,383,390,392,393,402,409Battle-axe of Menelaus,14.SeeAxesBayonet-like blades,255,256Beads,393;agate,383;amber,135,189,244,366,487;bone,487;bronze,381,393;dentalium shells,394;fluted,381;glass,134,366,394,485;gold,391,394;ivory,485;jet,118,158,366,394,487;joints of encrinite,394;penannular,285,391;pottery,366;pulley-shaped,381;tin,394;with leaf-shaped projections,381;with spiral ornaments,394,485Beck, Rev. James, F.S.A., collection,60,84,87Beck, Dr. L., quoted,15Beger quoted,28,29Bell or rattle of bronze,364Bell collection in the Ant. Mus., Edinburgh,105Bell-metal,416Bells to ear-rings,393ⲂⲈⲚⲒⲠⲈ, its meaning,7Bertrand, M. Alexandre, quoted,300,413Birch, Dr. S., F.S.A., quoted,9,147,374Birds on rod,406Blackett, Sir Edward, collection,351Blackmore Museum.SeeMuseums, SalisburyBlades, bayonet-like,255,256;curved,264;difficulty of determining character of,258,260;lance-shaped, perforated,213;of dissimilar character, in the same interment,241;tanged,211,244Blaeuw’s Atlas,362Bloxam, Mr. M. H., F.S.A., collection,75,179Boars found at Hounslow,406Bodkin obsolete as weapon,369Bone, instruments of,189,285,366;of Horus,8;of Typhon,6,8;plates for sword-hilt,296;pommels for dagger-hilts,228;rings,51Borlase, Dr., quoted,30,32,439Bourgeois, the Abbé,160Bouterolle.SeeChapesBoynton, Mr. T., collection,327Bracelets,381-388,90,96,135,136,155,198,333,377;American,383;Assyrian,383;beaded,385;circular,384;gold,94,180,209,283,285;jet,385;Late Celtic,385 to 388;looped,76,368,378,384,386,387;penannular,381,382;Scottish,388,400;with interments,135,385,387Bracer of chlorite slate,223Brackenridge, Rev. G. W., collection,67Brackstone, Mr., collection,93,131,132Braybrooke, Lord, collection,211,398,403,440Brent, Mr. John, F.S.A.,88,114Bridle-bits,144,322,368,404,405,470Bristles, possible early use of,191Britain, condition of its inhabitants in the Bronze Age,486Britannic province of bronze antiquities,478British types of instruments mostly indigenous,24,481Britons, ancient, merely cut off the ears of corn,202;used iron before the Roman invasion,19,276,354,471,472;used no helmets in time of Severus,355Brixen, ancient inhabitants of, came from Etruria,355“Broad arrow” ornament on ring,158Bronze, analysis of,22,178,265,415 to 422;Asiatic origin of,2,276,420,477;bronze burning on to,280,293,425;cakes of,423;early value of,17,177,204;brittle when heated,185,409;hardening of,11,12,178,415;lumps of,seeMetal;moulding of,427 to 470;survival of use of,18,22Bronze-founders’ hoards,24,55,94,110,113,185,361,422,423,440(seeHoards);classification of,457,459;lists of principal,460 to 468Bronze Period, antiquities of, divided into provinces,477;chronology of,455,456,472,473;condition of the inhabitants of Britain during the,487;succession of, to Stone Period,9,40;succession of iron to,16,33,274,299,300,471Brooches,135;Late Celtic,400;penannular,304Brooke, Capt., collection,113,206Buckles, Late Celtic,144,368,470;penannular,400Bucklers,303;date of,353;not found with interments,354;Spanish,354“Bullæ,”394Burnishers,22Buttons,400,401;annular,290;bone or ivory,394;gold,394;jet,41,225,236;polished shale,230;sandstone,41CCable-pattern,48,54,140Cæsar, Julius, quoted,19,354,414;time of,19,276,354,399,419,486Caldrons,409 to 413;spheroidal,481Camden’s “Britannia” quoted,31,361Canoe, rapier-blade found in,250Caprington horn, the,362Carelli quoted,283Carians armed with bronze,8Carnyxon British coins,363Carter, Mr. James, collection,80Cassiterides identified with Britain,419Casting from hafted celt,154;from worn instruments,117,121,442,449Castings, defective,81,114,428,448;unfinished,84,90,115,175,328Catti, the, used iron,19Caylus, Count de, quoted,20,104Cazalis de Fondouce, M.,223“Celestial iron,”7Celts, as amulets,134;analysis of,40,417,421;casting, method of,111,443;casting from ready mounted,154;casting from worn specimens,117,121,442,449;classification of,38;conjectures as to,31 to 37;copper,2,39,40,43,61,145;decoration of,44 to 49,52 to 54,60 to 63,102;derivation of name,27 to 29;flint,189,190;gold (?),135;gradation of types of,35,70,76,77,95,99,108,153,456,469,479;hafting of,70,146 to 164;moulds for,136,143,428,429,430,442 to 450;“recipient” and “received,”32,107,456;restored at edge by hammering,83,112,446,454;shortened by wear,83,87,112;stone,40,150;superstitious reverence for,39;supposed identity with Germanframea,151;tanged, included under chisels,38;tinned appearance of,55,56;votive,69,135,417;with interments,41,42,44,47,51,134,145,150,352Celts, countries where found.—Austria,69,131,144,157;Belgium,116;Cambodia,142;China,142;Cyprus,40;Denmark,40,52,54,60,69,95,134,159,163;Egypt,142,147;Etruria,39,132,156;France,43,52,54,55,77,109,110,115,119,121,122,129,131,142,144,152;Gaul,115,116;Brittany,117,124,419,445,477;Savoy Lake-dwellings,131;Germany,43,52,77,109,112,116,133,142,144;

Achilles, shield of,12;

spear of,18,242

Addua, Gauls defeated on the,374

Æs importatum,414,419;

signatum,422

Æschylus quoted,11

Æsculapius, temple of,18

Æstii, the, iron scarce among,19

Æthiopians, bronze rare among,17

African axe of iron,149;

ironworkers,181;

swords,306;

trumpet,359

Agamemnon, breast-plate of,12

Agatharchides quoted,8

Akerman, J. Y., F.S.A., cited,391,399

Alban necropolis,341

Alcinous, walls of palace of, bronze-plated,11

Algonquins, fusing of copper among the,3

Alloys, various, of copper and tin,22,178,265,352,415,476

Amber, beads,135,189,244,366,394,487;

buttons or studs,217;

cup with interment,243,486;

hilts or pommels,228,229;

ornaments,373,483,485,487;

trade in,483,486

American tomahawks,162

Amulets, celts used as,134

Analysis of metal of caldron,412;

celts,417,421;

Indian celts,40;

chisels, Mexican and Peruvian,166;

shield,346;

solder,425;

trumpets,360,363;

various bronzes,415 to 422

Anderson, Mr. Joseph, quoted,239,290

Anvils,180 to 183,375,451

Ariantes, Scythian king,318

Armillæ and Armlets.SeeBracelets

Arreton Down type of spear-head,257,480

Arrow-heads,216,318,323;

flint,39,42,167,190,223,226,236,318,391,487

Arundelian marbles,14

Aryan name for copper,10

Asiatic origin of bronze,2,276,420,477

Assyrians, early use of iron among,9;

wore penannular bracelets,383

Asteropæus, breast-plate of,13

Ausonius quoted,29

Awls,188 to 191;

double-pointed,190;

tanged,189,190;

handled,191;

with interments,189,190,191,225,241,319,392,457

Axes,14,41,147 to 156,161,162;

African modern iron,149;

ceremonial,450;

Egyptian,147;

Hungarian,147,161,482;

clay mould for,428;

of copper,265;

perforated,161,478,482;

stone,190,226

Axe-hammers, of stone,217,224,225,243

Axe-shaped socketed celts,142

Aymara Indians,148

Aymard, M., collection,215

Aztec chisel,166

Banks, Sir J., quoted,34,155

Banks, Rev. S., collection,78,133

Barnwell, Rev. E. L., quoted,55,77

Barthélemy, Abbé, quoted,20

Bateman collection,seeMuseums, Sheffield;

Mr., quoted,42,44,151,190,225,227,228,383,390,392,393,402,409

Battle-axe of Menelaus,14.SeeAxes

Bayonet-like blades,255,256

Beads,393;

agate,383;

amber,135,189,244,366,487;

bone,487;

bronze,381,393;

dentalium shells,394;

fluted,381;

glass,134,366,394,485;

gold,391,394;

ivory,485;

jet,118,158,366,394,487;

joints of encrinite,394;

penannular,285,391;

pottery,366;

pulley-shaped,381;

tin,394;

with leaf-shaped projections,381;

with spiral ornaments,394,485

Beck, Rev. James, F.S.A., collection,60,84,87

Beck, Dr. L., quoted,15

Beger quoted,28,29

Bell or rattle of bronze,364

Bell collection in the Ant. Mus., Edinburgh,105

Bell-metal,416

Bells to ear-rings,393

ⲂⲈⲚⲒⲠⲈ, its meaning,7

Bertrand, M. Alexandre, quoted,300,413

Birch, Dr. S., F.S.A., quoted,9,147,374

Birds on rod,406

Blackett, Sir Edward, collection,351

Blackmore Museum.SeeMuseums, Salisbury

Blades, bayonet-like,255,256;

curved,264;

difficulty of determining character of,258,260;

lance-shaped, perforated,213;

of dissimilar character, in the same interment,241;

tanged,211,244

Blaeuw’s Atlas,362

Bloxam, Mr. M. H., F.S.A., collection,75,179

Boars found at Hounslow,406

Bodkin obsolete as weapon,369

Bone, instruments of,189,285,366;

of Horus,8;

of Typhon,6,8;

plates for sword-hilt,296;

pommels for dagger-hilts,228;

rings,51

Borlase, Dr., quoted,30,32,439

Bourgeois, the Abbé,160

Bouterolle.SeeChapes

Boynton, Mr. T., collection,327

Bracelets,381-388,90,96,135,136,155,198,333,377;

American,383;

Assyrian,383;

beaded,385;

circular,384;

gold,94,180,209,283,285;

jet,385;

Late Celtic,385 to 388;

looped,76,368,378,384,386,387;

penannular,381,382;

Scottish,388,400;

with interments,135,385,387

Bracer of chlorite slate,223

Brackenridge, Rev. G. W., collection,67

Brackstone, Mr., collection,93,131,132

Braybrooke, Lord, collection,211,398,403,440

Brent, Mr. John, F.S.A.,88,114

Bridle-bits,144,322,368,404,405,470

Bristles, possible early use of,191

Britain, condition of its inhabitants in the Bronze Age,486

Britannic province of bronze antiquities,478

British types of instruments mostly indigenous,24,481

Britons, ancient, merely cut off the ears of corn,202;

used iron before the Roman invasion,19,276,354,471,472;

used no helmets in time of Severus,355

Brixen, ancient inhabitants of, came from Etruria,355

“Broad arrow” ornament on ring,158

Bronze, analysis of,22,178,265,415 to 422;

Asiatic origin of,2,276,420,477;

bronze burning on to,280,293,425;

cakes of,423;

early value of,17,177,204;

brittle when heated,185,409;

hardening of,11,12,178,415;

lumps of,seeMetal;

moulding of,427 to 470;

survival of use of,18,22

Bronze-founders’ hoards,24,55,94,110,113,185,361,422,423,440(seeHoards);

classification of,457,459;

lists of principal,460 to 468

Bronze Period, antiquities of, divided into provinces,477;

chronology of,455,456,472,473;

condition of the inhabitants of Britain during the,487;

succession of, to Stone Period,9,40;

succession of iron to,16,33,274,299,300,471

Brooches,135;

Late Celtic,400;

penannular,304

Brooke, Capt., collection,113,206

Buckles, Late Celtic,144,368,470;

penannular,400

Bucklers,303;

date of,353;

not found with interments,354;

Spanish,354

“Bullæ,”394

Burnishers,22

Buttons,400,401;

annular,290;

bone or ivory,394;

gold,394;

jet,41,225,236;

polished shale,230;

sandstone,41

Cable-pattern,48,54,140

Cæsar, Julius, quoted,19,354,414;

time of,19,276,354,399,419,486

Caldrons,409 to 413;

spheroidal,481

Camden’s “Britannia” quoted,31,361

Canoe, rapier-blade found in,250

Caprington horn, the,362

Carelli quoted,283

Carians armed with bronze,8

Carnyxon British coins,363

Carter, Mr. James, collection,80

Cassiterides identified with Britain,419

Casting from hafted celt,154;

from worn instruments,117,121,442,449

Castings, defective,81,114,428,448;

unfinished,84,90,115,175,328

Catti, the, used iron,19

Caylus, Count de, quoted,20,104

Cazalis de Fondouce, M.,223

“Celestial iron,”7

Celts, as amulets,134;

analysis of,40,417,421;

casting, method of,111,443;

casting from ready mounted,154;

casting from worn specimens,117,121,442,449;

classification of,38;

conjectures as to,31 to 37;

copper,2,39,40,43,61,145;

decoration of,44 to 49,52 to 54,60 to 63,102;

derivation of name,27 to 29;

flint,189,190;

gold (?),135;

gradation of types of,35,70,76,77,95,99,108,153,456,469,479;

hafting of,70,146 to 164;

moulds for,136,143,428,429,430,442 to 450;

“recipient” and “received,”32,107,456;

restored at edge by hammering,83,112,446,454;

shortened by wear,83,87,112;

stone,40,150;

superstitious reverence for,39;

supposed identity with Germanframea,151;

tanged, included under chisels,38;

tinned appearance of,55,56;

votive,69,135,417;

with interments,41,42,44,47,51,134,145,150,352

Celts, countries where found.—

Austria,69,131,144,157;

Belgium,116;

Cambodia,142;

China,142;

Cyprus,40;

Denmark,40,52,54,60,69,95,134,159,163;

Egypt,142,147;

Etruria,39,132,156;

France,43,52,54,55,77,109,110,115,119,121,122,129,131,142,144,152;

Gaul,115,116;

Brittany,117,124,419,445,477;

Savoy Lake-dwellings,131;

Germany,43,52,77,109,112,116,133,142,144;

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