From the record of ’82. Held in the Hall of Philosophy in August, 1882, at 5 p. m. [This report had been overlooked, and as it contains much that will be interesting, is here published.]
From the record of ’82. Held in the Hall of Philosophy in August, 1882, at 5 p. m. [This report had been overlooked, and as it contains much that will be interesting, is here published.]
Dr. Vincent: What are the advantages of the C. L. S. C.? What are the advantages to our homes?
A voice: Unity in the family, in study and spirit.
A voice: System of reading at home.
A voice: It brings good literature into the house.
A voice: It trains intelligent citizens in the house.
A voice: It saves time that would be otherwise wasted.
A voice: It gives pleasant subjects of thought while we are about our daily work.
A voice: It promotes conversation.
A voice: It leads us into new lines of work.
A voice: It makes us more attractive to each other.
A voice: It keeps husbands at home in the evening. [Laughter.]
Mr. Martin: It keeps wives home in the evening.
A voice: It crowds out unprofitable occupation.
A voice: It leads to farther investigation.
A voice: It cultivates the conversational powers.
Dr. Vincent: It not merely brings subjects of conversation, it brings the power of conversation.
A voice: It makes the Southern people love the Northern people.
A voice: It lifts the home up a little higher.
A voice: It crowds out gossip.
A voice: It cultivates a missionary spirit.
Dr. Vincent: In what respect?
A voice: In getting people into the circle and into all kinds of work.
A voice: A lady says it makes the evening hearth exceedingly pleasant.
A voice: It inspires us to want to help others.
A voice: It has in one instance made a Christian of an Infidel.
A voice: In more than one instance.
A voice: There is a book in the course that will do that every time it is attentively read.
Dr. Vincent: What is that?
A voice: “The Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation.”
A voice: And the “Tongue of Fire.”
A voice: And “The Outline Study of Man” is a wonderful book.
A voice: It helps fathers and mothers to grow up with their children.
A voice: It helps them cultivate their memory.
A voice: I found that I could remember dates much better than before.
Rev. W. D. Bridge: It brings the old into sympathy with the young.
A voice: It gives even old men books they would not have read.
A voice: It creates a spirit of union among all kinds of people that belong to it.
A voice: It brings the grown people into sympathy with the public school and its work.
A voice: It makes us better Christians and workers in the church.
A voice: It was suggested a moment ago that it brings the older people into sympathy with the young: I think it brings the young people into sympathy with the old.
A voice: It increases the respect of the young for the old also.
A voice: It teaches old people to become younger.
A voice: It makes old people wish that the thing had been thought of earlier.
A voice: It brings us to Chautauqua.
Dr. Vincent: That is a great thing for Chautauqua as well as for us.
A voice: It teaches us never to be discouraged.
A voice: It teaches us the spirit of propriety.
A voice: The first of the Chautauqua mottoes has been noticed; the other two should come in for their share.
Dr. Vincent: The other two mottoes should be recognized. It helps us to “keep our Heavenly Father in the midst.”
A voice: It shows in the class of ’82 the proof of the third motto, “Never be discouraged.”
A voice: It teaches us to “look up, and not down.”
Dr. Vincent: To “look forward and not backward,” to “look out and not in,” and “to lend a hand.”
A voice: It leads to an investigation of science by people who had never thought of it before.
Mr. Ingham: It teaches all classes to find a book store.
Dr. Vincent: Brother Ingham is in the book trade. [Laughter.]
A voice: It teaches people that no one is too old to study.
A voice: It gives a higher idea of the responsibility of life.
A voice: It makes the bookseller keep good books. [Applause.]
Dr. Vincent: It makes the bookseller keep the books at a lower figure.
A voice: It develops the habit of systematic thought and work.
A voice: It discovers people to themselves, showing themselves their natural bent and power.
A voice: It breaks down the deep seated denominational prejudices.
Dr. Vincent: Without in the slightest degree diminishing our loyalty to them.
A voice: It fits the mind for its eternal mission and home.
A voice: It makes one see what a wonderful thing a book is.
A voice: It puts the divine idea into all the study: “We study the words and works of God,” and this promotes unity of scientific and religious pursuits.
A voice: It selects a course of reading that we would not ourselves select.
A voice: It teaches us the value of time.
A voice: It teaches us to recognize God in everything.
A voice: It furnishes a good channel for the expenditure of money in connection with young people.
Dr. Vincent: We ought to say in connection with that, it builds up an individual library that acquires an individual preciousness; when a man looks at it he is rich, for he owns books bought himself. The square yards of books are not worth much. The books that are mine are worth much to me.
A voice: It makes it plain that the world is going forward and not back.
A voice: It helps the world to go forward, and helps others to acquire knowledge.
A voice: It gives us a hint as to the powers and possibilities of the mind.
A voice: It teaches me how very little I know myself.
A voice: I think it teaches old and young to appreciate art in its different forms.
Dr. Vincent: It enables people to distinguish between good preaching and poor preaching.
A voice: It teaches that faithful labor, though in a very limited degree, will be rewarded here and hereafter.
A voice: And that it will accomplish a great deal of good in addition to the reward.
A voice: It awakens latent energies in the mind.
A voice: It makes the common people better critics.
Dr. Vincent: It makes what they would call where caste prevails “common people” better critics. We have no common people in this country. We are all kings.
A voice: It makes us understand better the Chautauqua Idea.
A voice: It makes us patient in weakness and suffering.
A voice: It helps us bear the burdens of life.
Dr. Vincent: In many places there is no social enjoyment for those who do not dance. The C. L. S. C. gives us congenial society. I have known many people where the habit of dancing and card playing prevailed, to justify these indulgencies on the ground that there was nothing else to do. In a few such places the C. L. S. C. has turned the dance and the card table out of doors. Of course some of you do not look at that matter as I do. There may be some of you who dance or allow your children to attend dancing school, and some of you allow your children to play cards. I have avoided dogmatism on all subjects where the Word of God does not come in as the final authority. I never like to dogmatize about these things. But I do believe that such is the condition of society to-day, and such are the unseen perils of the day—perils always present—that the family that can enjoy itself thoroughly in an intellectual way, so as not to create a taste for the stimulating power of the dance and the card table and of the theater is a safer, and in the long run, a happier family than the family otherwise controlled by so-called worldly tastes. [Applause.] It becomes us to be very free from dogmatism about these things, because we do not want to lay down laws that have not been laid down for us; but if we can, let us substitute the influences of the C. L. S. C. for these things.
Written paper: The C. L. S. C. gives new hope and courage to those who have thought that the days for personal improvement had gone by.
Dr. Vincent: Dr. Wilkinson, in his address the other day, made reference to the fact that I myself had never enjoyed college opportunities. I did enjoy the very best academic opportunities up to the time that I should have entered college, but circumstances, which seemed very much like Providence, interposed at that crisis in my life, where the question was settled by three contingencies. I suffered from a bronchial affection, and my friends regarded me in great peril physically. I submitted three questions to three men after serious thought and earnest prayer, and resolved to be governed by the decision of the three men if they should decide in the same line. To one, an able scholar and a most efficient preacher, and a man occupying a high position in the church, I submitted the question of my intellectual fitness, and gave him a long account of my intellectual history. To another man, my father, I submitted the financial part of the business. That was a question that he alone could settle. To a distinguished physician, one of the ablest in New York City, I submitted the question of my physical health. Now, said I, if these three men combine in their decision, I shall consider the question settled in that way. If they differ, I shall consider it still open. The decision of all three was quite in a given line, and I entered very soon into the active ministry.
The fact that I lacked theprestigeof the college was humiliating to me to the last degree. It made me morbid for years. I was too honest to impose on people, and therefore too likely to betray myself where no good could come of it, and where there was no necessity of it. But my humiliation led me to do this thing: To turn my theological studies and the preparation of sermons into means of mental discipline; to acquire the habit of laying hold of a subject, and of holding on to it, and persisting in holding on to it until I could master it, so that if I did not have more than a smattering (and I did have a smattering of Greek and Latin and Hebrew to begin with), I would have the discipline of thinking on subjects and of tearing them open on my own account. I tried to do that through all the years of my active ministry.
I drew up for myself a sort of C. L. S. C. thirty years ago, and took glimpses of all that the boy examines in college, so that the C. L. S. C. of to-day developed out of it, and different as it may be, it is the result of bitter experience and immense effort, so far as I was personally concerned.
I really ought not to have mentioned these things to you. I have never done so anywhere except to a limited circle of friends. When I watch boys in college, their pleasures and struggles; when I look at the buildings, at the bronze statue of the first president of Yale, the libraries, the art department, the scientific department; when I hear that old bell ring from day to day, when I look on thecampusand see the boys marching or lounging, singing the college songs; when I see them striving for preëminence in the athletic arena; when I remember that certain prerogatives depend upon victory on this side or the other; when I see old men who were students fifty or sixty years ago, the oldest that are left, and see the joy that comes from the inspiration of such memories, then I see that it is a great thing to be able to give old people and every-day people a touch of the joy and hope and memory that colleges alone can give, and no one unless identified with such an institution can feel.
It is for that purpose that we have the “Hall in the Grove,” and the “Arches,” the “Memorial Days,” the “Badges,” the “Diplomas,” etc. Privileges heretofore limited to college life are thus and now guaranteed to the old and the young. This is another benefit that comes from the C. L. S. C. [Applause.] I should have taken a shorter time to tell it, but I could not.
Written paper: In accordance with your request for the members of the Circle to remember each other at the throne of grace each Sabbath afternoon, would it not be well to have a set hour, say five o’clock, Sunday afternoon?
Dr. Vincent: The suggestion is a good one. We will call five o’clock Sunday afternoon “Our Sacred Hour.” Mr. Bridge, make an item for the columns ofThe Chautauquan, that it may reach all the members of the Circle.
As I said the other night, we are not all of the same way of thinking, but we may all think upward, and whatever the degree of our thought and the kind of our faith, if the look be upward, there will be an uplift. If with sincere desire we pray for others and seek God’s glory, he will lead us into all truth. Let us appoint with your approval five o’clock Sabbath afternoon for the uplook in order to uplift. Those who approve lift your hands.
My friends, while the formal worship—the going aside and kneeling down, and observing the form of worship—is very useful, the idea of prayer is not limited to the place or particular mode, or to the words you speak. Prayer is sometimes the mightiest that leaps without words out of the inmost heart to the highest heaven. Let us think a prayer wherever we may be. Sometimes when people are too busy with their hands and under the pressure of every-day labor to retire, and have not words or place for the specific act of prayer, the uplift of the soul, the upreach, is prayer that brings down abundant blessings. Let it be so with us. Let us not be bound too much by times and circumstances and words. Let us have the heart, and let forms and words come as they will, and let us not neglect times and forms and words.
By A. M. MARTIN,General SecretaryC. L. S. C.
1. Q. How is the word Biology made up, and what does it mean? A. It is made up of two Greek words—bios, life, andlogos, a discourse. It means the study of living things.
2. Q. What does Biology include in its survey? A. Both animals and vegetables, and considers their forms and peculiarities, the parts of which they are composed, their relations to each other, and the uses which they serve.
3. Q. What are the subjects of Physics and Chemistry? A. The general forces of nature and the changes in non-living matter.
4. Q. What is the teaching of the Bible and of all the religions of mankind, the belief of the most eminent philosophers, the doctrine held by the early Christian fathers, and maintained by the majority of scientific and unscientific men as to the difference between a living body and the same body after death? A. That it arises from the union of matter and spirit.
5. Q. What is it that entitles any thing to be called a living being? A. The presence of little particles of living matter scattered through it.
6. Q. What does this living matter look like when seen through the microscope? A. Like a little bit of jelly or albumen. It is generally transparent; is neither quite solid or fluid.
7. Q. What is it called? A. It is often called protoplasm, or first formation. It is also called by the better term bioplasm, or living formation.
8. Q. What is said as to the resemblance of the particles of bioplasm to one another, no matter where they belong? A. They always look alike. There is no difference under the microscope between the bioplasm of a blade of grass or a whale, or an oak, a rose, a dog, or a man.
9. Q. What does chemical examination show as to all living matter? A. That it is composed of the same elementary materials. Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen enter into the construction of every piece of bioplasm.
10. Q. In what three different states do we recognize matter in every bioplast, or living particle? A. Matter not yet alive, but about to become so, called pabulum, or nutriment. Living matter in the strictest sense, or bioplasm. Formed material, or matter which was alive, but is so no longer.
11. Q. What peculiarity has living matter as to motion? A. All bioplasm has spontaneous motion. Non-living matter has inertia.
12. Q. What are the three kinds of motion of bioplasm? A. Inherent motions of individual particles among themselves. Constant change of shape. Wandering movements.
13. Q. What is the peculiarity of living matter as to the power of nutrition and growth? A. The non-living increases in size by external additions; but bioplasm selects appropriate material from its food, or pabulum, changes the chemical relations of this material, and appropriates it to its own structure in such a way that it grows from within.
14. Q. What is the peculiarity of bioplasm as to reproduction A. Bioplasm can generate or reproduce its own kind of living matter.
15. Q. What power has a living thing to preserve its own identity? A. A living being preserves its identity amid all the material changes which take place.
16. Q. In the grouping together of living things according to their real relationships, what do types represent? A. General plans of structure.
17. Q. How are classes formed? A. By the special modification of a type.
18. Q. What are orders? A. They are groups of the same class related by a common structure.
19. Q. What is a family or genus? A. A still smaller group having generally the same essential structure.
20. Q. What is a species? A. It is the smallest group whose structure is constant.
21. Q. What are individuals? A. They are the units of organic life, forming a complete animated existence.
22. Q. What are peculiarities of races or breeds called? A. Varieties.
23. Q. How are vegetables and animals distinguished from each other? A. By the term kingdom, and the types in each kingdom are called sub-kingdoms.
24. Q. Under what five types or plans of structure can all the multitude of plants which clothe the earth or dwell in the sea be arranged? A. Protophytes, Thallogens, Acrogens, Endogens and Exogens.
25. Q. What are the elementary masses of bioplasm usually called? A. They are usually called cells, even if they are merely pieces of animated jelly, uninclosed by an outside shell or membrane.
26. Q. What is the principal difference between animals and plants? A. The latter can be nourished by simple mineral or chemical (that is unorganized) matter, while animal nutrition requires material which has been organized, or made part of a living being.
27. Q. What do most vegetable cells produce on the outside? A. A membrane or cell wall, within which the living matter is, as it were, imprisoned.
28. Q. What concentrations of living matter are there within a cell? A. A concentration called anucleus, and sometimes a still further concentration within the nucleus, callednucleolus, or little nucleus.
29. Q. Of what substance is the cell wall composed? A. A substance somewhat like starch, called cellulose.
30. Q. When it becomes solid how is it known? A. As woody tissue.
31. Q. How is common wood made up? A. Of a number of these cells arranged side by side.
32. Q. Of what shape may vegetable cells be? A. They may be globular, oval, conical, prismatic, cylindrical, branched, or of any other form.
33. Q. What are some of the varieties of formed material into which the bioplasm within the cell wall may be transformed? A. They may be solid, as coloring matter, starch, crystals, and resin; or fluid, as oil and gum, or solutions of sugar or tannin.
34. Q. What is the most important of these substances called? A. Chlorophyll, the source of the green color of plants.
35. Q. What other product of vegetable cells is even more widely distributed than chlorophyll? A. Starch.
36. Q. How do cells generate? A. By self-multiplication.
37. Q. What are the simplest forms of plant life? A. Those that consist of a single cell.
38. Q. In the higher classes of plants what is the character of the union of cells which forms tissues and organs? A. It is permanent.
39. Q. What are made by the union of cells into groups? A. The woody fibers of plants, and the cellular tissue which makes the softer, fleshy and pithy parts.
40. Q. What has observation shown as to the production of new cells in the highest plants? A. That they are not produced everywhere uniformly, but in particular spots.
41. Q. What terms have been applied to places of this kind? A. Growing-point, and growing or formative layer.
42. Q. Where may growing-points and formative layers be seen? A. Growing-points may be seen in the tips of buds, and formative layers between the wood and bark of trees.
43. Q. What names have been given to the tissue which is here formed by the division and union of cells? A. Formative or generating tissue.
44. Q. What are in direct contrast to the generation tissues? A. The healing tissues, or cork tissues.
45. Q. How are vessels made? A. By the union of several cells, the partition-walls disappearing, while the union continues at the margin.
46. Q. What are bast-tubes or bast-fibers? A. They are long, pointed, thick-walled tubes, commonly united into bundles.
47. Q. To what part of the flower is the term nectaries, or honey-glands, given? A. To any part of a flower which secretes honey or sugary fluids.
48. Q. What is the first independent tissue formed in flowering plants by the union of cells? A. The epidermis or skin.
49. Q. What is each of the pores found among the epidermic cells called? A. A stoma, or mouth.
50. Q. What are hairs? A. They are epidermal structures, composed of one or more cells.
51. Q. What do we find next to the epidermis? A. The cortex, or bark, often composed of cells containing starch or chlorophyll.
52. Q. What is beneath the bark? A. The formative layer or cambium, in which thin-walled cells become transformed into vascular or bast-cells, and thence are changed into permanent cells.
53. Q. What do groups of cells thus formed, united into bundles and penetrating the rest of the tissue, form? A. The fibro-vascular bundles.
54. Q. What are the simpler types of plants that have no fibro-vascular bundles, called? A. Cellular plants.
55. Q. What are the rest termed? A. Vascular plants.
56. Q. Of what does the fundamental tissue generally consist? A. Of thin-walled cells containing starch, although other forms of cells may be present.
57. Q. What is the simplest form of individual plant life? A. A particle of living matter inclosed in a membrane or cell-wall.
58. Q. What are plants of this type of structure called? A. Protophytes.
59. Q. Where are many of these one-celled plants found? A. In the green slime which grows on stones and on boards in damp places.
60. Q. What is one of the simplest forms, often found in rain-water casks, called? A. The protococcus.
61. Q. What are the unicellular plants most interesting to those who study with the microscope? A. Diatoms.
62. Q. In the living state where are diatoms found abundantly? A. In every pond, rivulet, ocean and rock-pool.
63. Q. What do they form in a fossil state? A. Large strata of rock material.
64. Q. What are thallogens? A. Plants composed of a tissue of cells, or bioplasts, but with no clear distinction of stem, root and leaves.
65. Q. What three classes are included under this type? A. Algæ, or sea-weeds; Lichens, or the dry, leafy, or mossy patches on trees, stones, etc.; and Fungi, or mushrooms, molds, and their allies.
66. Q. Into what three orders have Algæ, or sea-weeds, been divided? A. The red, the olive and the green sea-weeds.
67. Q. How are Fungi regarded by some scientists? A. As neither animal nor vegetable, but forming a sort of third kingdom.
68. Q. What seems to be the principal business of the Fungi? A. The removal of the waste material of both animal and vegetable life.
69. Q. What are Acrogens? A. Plants which grow at the summit only, and not in diameter.
70. Q. What plants do we find in fresh-water ponds and rivers, growing in tangled masses of dull green color that illustrate the manner of growth in the type of Acrogens? A. Stone-worts, consisting of two genera, Chara and Nitella.
71. Q. What are the nodes, and what the internodes in the stone-worts? A. The points on the axis, or stem, from which the branchlets spring, are called nodes, and the intervening parts are internodes.
72. Q. How is each internode formed? A. By the growth and elongation of single cells.
73. Q. How are the branchlets produced? A. By the sub-division of single cells.
74. Q. What other families of plants are examples of Acrogens? A. Ferns and Mosses.
75. Q. What are Endogens? A. Plants whose vessels and woody fibers first grow within the stem. The seed has but a single lobe, or cotyledon.
76. Q. What families of plants are found in the type of Endogens? A. Grasses, Rushes, Lilies, and Palms, with similar families.
77. Q. In the growing plant what part grows from the axis upward, and what part from the axis downward? A. The stem grows from the axis upward, and the root downward.
78. Q. What is the root formed by the downward elongation of the axis called? A. It is called the primary root.
79. Q. What is the stem of a plant? A. That part which bears the leaves, flowers, and fruit.
80. Q. What is the length of life of the stem and roots? A. It may be only a single year, or annual; two years, or biennial; or a number of years, or perennial.
81. Q. What are thorns? A. Undeveloped branches, and many plants which are thorny when wild are not so under cultivation.
82. Q. Of what are leaves constituted? A. Cells, with cavities, fibro-vascular bundles and epidermis.
83. Q. How do the veins in the leaves of Endogens differ from those in the leaves of Exogens? A. They are generally parallel or straight in Endogens, and do not form a network as in Exogens.
84. Q. What are five of the names given to leaves according to their shapes? A. Lanceolate, or narrow and tapering; oblong, or narrow and not tapering; cordate, or heart-shaped; sagittate, or arrow-shaped; and ovate, or egg-shaped.
85. Q. What is the function or use of leaves? A. To expose the juices of the plant to light and air, and thus aid in forming the woody matter of the stem and the various secretions.
86. Q. What constitute a plant’s organs of nutrition? A. The root, stem and leaves.
87. Q. What is the flower of a plant? A. It is the organ, or assemblage of organs, for the production of the seed.
88. Q. What are the four whorls in which the parts of a flower are usually arranged called? A. The outer whorl is the calyx, the next the corolla, the third the stamens, and the innermost the pistil.
89. Q. To what is the term fruit applied in botanical language? A. To the mature, perfect pistil, whether dry or succulent.
90. Q. What nutritious grains are classed among the family of Endogens called grasses? A. Wheat, barley, oats, rice and Indian corn.
91. Q. What other families are noted members of the type of Endogens? A. Palms and bananas.
92. Q. What are some of the other families of the type of Endogens? A. The orchid, the lily and the bulrushes.
93. Q. What are Exogens? A. Plants whose woody fibres grow in outer layers. The seed has two lobes, or cotyledons.
94. Q. How many different species are included in this type? A. About seventy thousand.
95. Q. What are Incomplete Exogens? A. Those whose flowers have no corolla. They are of two kinds.
96. Q. What are the first kind? A. Those whose seeds are naked, as in the cone-bearing family, consisting of the fir and spruce tribe, the cypress tribe, and similar plants.
97. Q. What are the second kind? A. Those whose seeds are contained in the ovary, as the amaranth, buckwheat, laurel, nettle, fig, and the catkin-bearing family.
98. Q. What are some of the plants in the next sub-division of the type of Endogens, those whose flowers have both calyx and corolla? A. The honeysuckle, teasel, lobelia, convolvulus, primrose, and labiate and composite families.
99. Q. What are some of the families of plants found in another class of Exogens that also have calyx and corolla, but the corolla has distinct petals, and the stamens are attached to the calyx? A. The umbelliferous, the leguminous, and the cactus families.
100. Q. What are the distinguishing characteristics of the highest class, or the most perfect Exogens? A. The calyx and the corolla are present, the petals are distinct and inserted into the receptacle, and the stamens grow from beneath the ovary.
President—Lewis Miller.
Superintendent of Instruction—J. H. Vincent, D.D.
Counselors—Lyman Abbott, D.D.; J. M. Gibson, D.D.; Bishop H. W. Warren, D.D.; W. C. Wilkinson, D.D.
Office Secretary—Miss Kate F. Kimball.
General Secretary—A. M. Martin.
This new organization aims to promote habits of reading and study in nature, art, science, and in secular and sacred literature, in connection with the routine of daily life (especially among those whose educational advantages have been limited), so as to secure to them the college student’s general outlook upon the world and life, and to develop the habit of close, connected, persistent thinking.
It proposes to encourage individual study in lines and by text-books which shall be indicated; by local circles for mutual help and encouragement in such studies; by summer courses of lectures and “students’ sessions” at Chautauqua, and by written reports and examinations.
The course of study prescribed by the C. L. S. C. shall cover a period of four years.
Each year’s Course of Study will be considered the “First Year” for new pupilswhether it be the first, second, third, or fourth of the four years’ course. For example, “the class of 1887,” instead of beginning October, 1883, with the same studies which were pursued in 1882-83 by “the class of 1886,” will fall in with “the class of ’86,” and take for their first year the second year’s course of the ’86 class. The first year for “the class of 1886” will thus in due time become the fourth year for “the class of 1887.”
History of Greece.[I]By Prof. T. T. Timayenis. Vol. 2; parts 7, 8, 10 and 11. Price, $1.15.
Stories in English History by the Great Historians. Edited by C. E. Bishop, Esq. Price, $1.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 16, Roman History; No. 24, Canadian History; No. 21, American History; No. 5, Greek History. Price, 10 cents each.
Preparatory Latin Course in English. By Dr. W. C. Wilkinson. Price, $1.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 23, English Literature. By Prof. J. H. Gilmore. Price, 10 cents.
Primer of American Literature. By C. F. Richardson. Price, 30 cents.
Biographical Stories by Hawthorne. Price, 15 cents.
How to Get Strong and How to Stay So. By W. Blaikie. Price, cloth, 80 cents; paper, 50 cents.
Easy Lessons in Vegetable Biology. By Dr. J. H. Wythe. Price, cloth, 40 cents; paper, 25 cents.
Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation. By J. B. Walker. Price, cloth, $1; paper, 50 cts.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 18, Christian Evidences; No. 39, Sunday-School Normal Class Work; No. 43, Good Manners; No. 4, English History. Price, 10 cents each.
The Chautauquan, price, $1.50, in which will be published:
The Chautauquanwill also contain, in the department of Required Readings, brief papers, as follows:
Hints for Home Reading. By Dr. Lyman Abbott. Price, cloth, $1; boards, 75 cts.
The Hall in the Grove. By Mrs. Alden. (A Story of Chautauqua and the C. L. S. C.) Price, $1.50.
Outline Study of Man. By Dr. Mark Hopkins. Price, $1.50.
Persons who pursue the “White Seal Course” of each year, in addition to the regular course, will receive at the time of their graduation a white seal for each year, to be attached to the regular diploma.
History of Greece.[I]By Prof. T. T. Timayenis. Vol. 2. Completed. Price, $1.15.
Chautauqua Library of English History and Literature. Vol. 2. Price, cloth, 50 cents; paper, 35 cents.
Church History. By Dr. Blackburn. Price, $2.25.
Bacon’s Essays. Price, $1.25.
For the benefit of graduates of the C. L. S. C. who, being members of local circles, wish to continue in the same general line of reading as undergraduate members, a White Crystal Seal Course is prepared. This consists mainly of books belonging to the current year’s study, but not previously read by the graduates. An additional white seal is also offered to the graduates, the books for which are specified under paragraph 4. Some of these books were in the first four year’s course, and are therefore to bere-read. The payment of one dollar at one time entitles a graduate to the White Crystal and White Seals for four years. If only fifty cents is paid, it will be credited for but one year.
The Chautauquan.Required Reading.
History of Greece.[I]By Prof. T. T. Timayenis. Vol. 2. Completed. Price, $1.15.
Preparatory Latin Course in English. By. Dr. W. C. Wilkinson. Price, $1.
Credo. By Dr. L. T. Townsend. Price, $1.
Bacon’s Essays. Price, $1.25.
Brief History of Greece. By J. Dorman Steele. Price, 60 cents.
Stories in English History by the Great Historians. Edited by C. E. Bishop. Price, $1.
Easy Lessons in Vegetable Biology. By Dr. J. H. Wythe. Price, cloth, 40 cents; paper, 25 cents.
Biographical Stories. By Nathaniel Hawthorne. Price, 15 cents.
How to Get Strong and How to Stay So. By W. Blaikie. Price, cloth, 80 cents; paper, 50 cents.
Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation. By J. B. Walker. Price, cloth, $1; paper, 50 cts.
Primer of American Literature. By C. F. Richardson. Price, 30 cents.
Chautauqua Text-Books, Nos. 4, 5, 16, 18, 21, 23, 39 and 43. Price, each, 10 cents.
The following is the distribution of the books and readings through the year:
October.
History of Greece.[I]Vol. 2. By Prof. T. T. Timayenis. Parts 7 and 8.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 5, Greek History. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Primer of American Literature. By C. F. Richardson.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
November.
History of Greece.[I]Vol. 2. By Prof. T. T. Timayenis. Parts 10 and 11.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 5, Greek History. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
December.
Easy Lessons in Vegetable Biology. By Dr. J. H. Wythe.
Biographical Stories. By Nathaniel Hawthorne.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 24, Canadian History.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
January.
Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation. By J. B. Walker. 14 chapters.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 18, Christian Evidences. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 39, Sunday School Normal Class Work.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
February.
Philosophy of the Plan of Salvation. By J. B. Walker. Completed.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 21, American History; No. 24, Canadian History.
How to Get Strong and How to Stay So. By W. Blaikie.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
March.
Preparatory Latin Course in English. By Dr. W. C. Wilkinson. Half of book.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
April.
Preparatory Latin Course in English. By Dr. W. C. Wilkinson. Completed.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 16, Roman History. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
May.
Stories in English History by the Great Historians. By C. E. Bishop. Half of book.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 4, English History. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 23, English Literature. By Prof. J. H. Gilmore.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
June.
Stories in English History by the Great Historians. Completed.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 4, English History. By Dr. J. H. Vincent.
Chautauqua Text-Books.—No. 43, Good Manners. By J⸺ P⸺.
Required Readings inThe Chautauquan
Members of the C. L. S. C. may take, in addition to the regular course above prescribed, one or more special courses, and pass an examination upon them. Pupils will receive credit and testimonial seals to be appended to the regular diploma, according to the merit of examinations on these supplemental courses.
Persons who are too young, or not sufficiently advanced in their studies to take the regular C. L. S. C. course, may adopt certainpreparatory lessonsfor one or more years.
For circulars of the preparatory course, address MissK. F. Kimball, Plainfield, New Jersey.
To defray the expenses of correspondence, memoranda, etc., an annual fee of fifty cents is required. This amount should be forwarded to Miss K. F. Kimball, Plainfield, N. J., (by New York or Philadelphia draft, Post-office order on Plainfield, N. J., or the new Postal Note, to be ready about September 1.) Do not send postage-stamps if you can possibly avoid it.Three-cent stamps will not be received.
N. B.—In sending your fee, be sure to state to which class you belong, whether 1884, 1885, 1886, or 1887.
Persons desiring to unite with the C. L. S. C. should forward answers to the following questions toMiss K. F. KIMBALL, Plainfield, N. J.The class graduating in 1887 should begin the study of the lessons required October, 1883. Theymaybegin as late as January 1, 1884.
1. Give your name in full.
2. Your post-office address, with county and State.
3. Are you married or single?
4. What is your age? Are you between twenty and thirty, or thirty and forty, or forty and fifty, or fifty and sixty, etc.?
5. If married, how many children living under the age of sixteen years?[J]
6. What is your occupation?
7. With what religious denomination are you connected?
8. Do you, after mature deliberation, resolve, if able, to prosecute the four years’ course of study presented by the C. L. S. C.?
9. Do you promise, if practicable, to give an average of four hours a week to the reading and study required by this course?
10. How much more than the time specified do you hope to give to this course of study?
An average of forty minutes’ reading each week-day will enable the student in nine months to complete the books required for the year. More time than this will probably be spent by many persons, and for their accommodation a special course of reading on the same subjects has been indicated. The habit of thinking steadily upon worthy themes during one’s secular toil will lighten labor, brighten life, and develop power.
The annual ‘examinations’ will be held at the homes of the members, and in writing. Duplicate Memoranda are forwarded, one copy being retained by each student and the other filled out and forwarded to the office at Plainfield, N. J.
Persons should be present to enjoy the annual meetings at Chautauqua, but attendance there is not necessary to graduation in the C. L. S. C. Persons who have never visited Chautauqua may enjoy the advantages, diploma, and honors of the “Circle.”
For the history of the C. L. S. C., an explanation of theLocal Circles, theMemorial Daysto be observed by all true C. L. S. C. members,St. Paul’s Groveat Chautauqua, etc., etc., address (inclose two-cent stamp) MissK. F. Kimball, Plainfield, N. J., who will forward the “Chautauqua Hand-Book, No. 2,” sixty-four pages. Blank forms, containing the ten questions given in paragraph 9, will also be sent on application.
The Chautauquan, organ of the C. L. S. C.; 76 pages; ten numbers; $1.50 per year.Chautauqua Assembly Daily Herald, organ of Chautauqua meetings; 8 pages; 48 columns. Daily in August; 19 numbers. Contains the lectures delivered at Chautauqua; $1 per volume. Both periodicals one year, $2.50. Address Dr. Theodore L. Flood, Editor and Proprietor, Meadville, Pa.
For all the books address Phillips & Hunt, New York, or Walden & Stowe, Cincinnati or Chicago.