Abductions, account of several daring, i. 180-188; ii.306-311;Captain Clifford, of Mrs. Synderfin, a rich widow, i. 180;Swainson, a Dane, of Miss Rawlins, an heiress, i. 181;Captain Campbell (brother of the Earl of Argyle), of Miss Wharton, an heiress, i. 181;Count Konigsmark, of Lady Ogle, i. 182-188;the brothers Edward Gibbon Wakefield and William Wakefield, of Miss Turner, an heiress, ii.306-311.Abershaw, Jerry, execution of, i. 270.Agar, concerned in the gold robbery on the South-Eastern Railway, ii.391-395.Akerman, Mr., keeper of Newgate, i. 306, 342, 343;Wilkes’s letter to,430;his instructions as to gaol fees,432;his account of the ravages of the gaol fever,443;brave and judicious conduct of, at a fire in Newgate,447,448;Boswell and Johnson on his humanity to the prisoners,447,449;the Rev. Mr. Hackman and Dr. Dodd on,450andn.;his conduct during the attack on Newgate by the Lord George Gordon rioters,465.Alexander, keeper of Newgate in Mary’s time, type of a brutal gaoler, i. 80-84.Allen, Cardinal John, intercepted letter from, i. 92.Amusements, brutality of popular, ii.52.Andrews, John, Mayor of Sudbury, committed to Newgate for imprisoning a Star Chamber messenger, i. 104.Angelini, Edmund, an Italian, offers himself to be executed in the stead of Fauntleroy, ii.299.Articles, the Six, of Henry VIII., persecutions for infringement of, i. 73,et seq.Ascham, Master Sheriff, humanity of, i. 83.Ashley, transported for robbing clubs of which he was a member, ii.346.Askew, Anne, persecution and burning of, i. 76-78.Audeley, Lord, Lord Chancellor, i. 74.Ayliffe, John, execution of, I. 272.‘Bad Money,’ paid for admission to Newgate, explanation of the phrase, ii.107.Bailey, Rev. W., LL.D., transported for life for forging a promissory note, ii.341.Bakersin old London, punishment of, for adulterating bread and giving light weight, i. 31, 32;case of one John Brid for stealing dough,32n.Baldock, Robert de, Chancellor to Edward II., death of, in Newgate, i. 25.Bambridge, warden of the Fleet Prison, charges against, ii.80.Barber, William Henry, a solicitor, transported for forging wills, ii.341-343.Baretti, Joseph, tried for manslaughter and acquitted, i. 391-393.Barlow, Mr., of Burton Hall, attempt of, to escape from Newgate, i. 309.Barrett, Michael, executed for complicity in the Clerkenwell explosion, ii.421;the last person publicly executed at Newgate,421.Barrington, George, the notorious pickpocket, career of, ii.33-35.Barthelemy, Emanuel, executed for murder, ii.371.Bastwick, release of, from prison, i. 130;in the pillory,236.Bateman, a systematic forger, ii.454-456.Bayfield, Richard, a relapsed heretic, case of, i. 71.Bean, J. W., attempts the life of the Queen, ii.291,292.Beaufort, Duke of, robbed of his “George,” ii.33.Beckford, Lord Mayor, i. 14.Belchier, William, highwayman, capture of, i. 411.Bell, Dr., his inflammatory sermon rouses the citizens against foreign workmen, i. 64;is committed to the Tower,66.Bellamont, Lord, and the suppression of piracy, i. 416-418.Bellayse, Sir Henry, in Newgate, i. 141.Bellingham, execution of, for murder, ii.244.Bennet, Hon. H. G., letter to Common Council on state of Newgate, i. 18;on the condition of convicts in Newgate, ii.102,104,108;becomes a member of Prison Discipline Society,151.Bernardi, Major, forty years in Newgate, i. 203;account of his career,226-230.Bidwells, the, forgers of acceptances on the Bank of England, ii.466-469.466-469.Bigamists, male and female, i. 242.Bilbows,orBilboes, room in Newgate, i. 158;origin of the name,158n.Bird, Mr. Edward, executed for murder, i. 376.Bishop, executed for “burking” many victims, and selling their bodies, ii.330-333.Bishops, list of, who owned prisons, i. 429.‘Black Dogge of Newgate,’ the, a 17th-century pamphlet, i. 121.Blackstoneon the illegality of ironing prisoners, i. 429.Boilingalive, punishment of, i. 62, 63.Bolair, Mr. A., a Jacobite, in Newgate, i. 210, 220.Bolland, James, bill forger, ii.10.Bonner, Bishop, his persecutions of Protestants, i. 74,et seq.Boroski, one of the murderers of Mr. Thynne, i. 183.BoroughCompter, state of, ii.85;foulness and overcrowding in,156,157.Boroughprisons the worst in the kingdom, ii.173,174,178,179,495-497.495-497.Boswell, James, on Mr. Akerman, the keeper of Newgate, i. 447, 448.Bousfield, William, shocking scene at the execution of, ii.271.Bow Streetrunners, evidence of Townsend, one of the, as to the state of crime, ii.3;number, duties, and remuneration of,29.Branding, the punishment of, i. 232.Branks, the punishment of the, i. 245.Brid, John, case of, for stealing dough, i. 32n.BristolGaol, shocking state of, ii.158-160.Bromley, Sir T., Lord Chancellor, intercedes for Crowder, i. 95.Brown, Mr., gaoler of Newgate, on the improvements introduced, ii.163.Brownrigg, Mrs. Elizabeth, murderess, i. 372-374.Brunt, one of the Cato Street conspirators, ii.283.Buckhurst, Lord, in Newgate, i. 141.Bucquinte, Andrew, a leader of City thieves, i. 26.Budden, George, escape of, from Newgate, i. 313.Bullion, robbery of, at the Custom House, in 1834, ii.321-325;of 12,000 sovereigns at Mile End,325;the great robbery of, on the South-Eastern Railway,390-395.Buncher, forger of bank-notes, ii.456-460.Burdett, Sir Francis, sent to the Tower, ii.61,62.Burgess, a clerk in the Bank of England, transported for life for defrauding it of £8000, ii.343-345.Burgess, a guard, concerned in the gold robbery on the South-Eastern Railway, ii.391-395.Burglaries—at Lambeth Palace, ii.312;at Grimaldi and Johnson’s in the Strand,312;at the Custom House,321-325;at a bonded warehouse,322-325;at a bank,345;and at royal palaces,345.Burke, Edmund, his power of creating a capital felony, ii.4.Burkeand Hare, reference to the murders committed by, ii.329.Burnett, forger of bank-notes, ii.456-460.Burningof Newgate by the Gordon rioters, i. 463-473.Burningto death, the last instance of, in England, ii.236,237.Burnworth, Edward, pressed to death, i. 254;his projected plan of escape,301.Burton, release of, from prison, i. 130.Bury St. EdmundsGaol a model prison, ii.160,161.Bute, Lord, and his influence over the Princess of Wales, i. 393.Butler, William, highwayman, i. 406.Buxton, Mr., his philanthropic labours on behalf of prisoners, ii. 151,et seq.;exonerates gaolers from blame,162n.;on moral deterioration,165.Cagliostro, Count, and Lord George Gordon, i. 479.Calcraft, objections to his mode of hanging, ii.272;his antecedents and habits,273;how he became hangman, his character, remuneration, &c., 411-415.Calendar, Gaol, i. 317-374.Calendars, Newgate. SeeNewgate Calendars.Calverly, W., pressed to death, i. 251.Campbell, Captain, his abduction of Miss Wharton, i. 181.Campbell, Sir James, Lord Mayor, i. 58.Cannon, chimney-sweep, transported for life for a murderous attack on a police constable, ii.370,371.Capitalpunishments, public feeling against, ii.263;abolition of, in a number of cases formerly so visited,264;as a consequence the number of death sentences in England falls from 438 in 1837 to 56 in 1839, 264.Cardan, Jerome, reference to his ‘Commentaries,’ i. 61n.Cashman, one of the Spafield rioters, conduct after condemnation, ii. 102 andn.Cato Streetconspiracy, account of, ii.278;antecedents of Thistlewood, the leader,279;the Government acquainted with the plot by the informer Edwards,280;plan of the conspirators,280;their capture,281;trial,282;and execution,283,284.Cellar, the, an underground tavern in Newgate, i. 152.Chandler, one of the Wagner and Bateman gang of forgers, ii.455.Chapelyard, Newgate, description of, ii.69.Charterhouse, ten friars of the, sent to Newgate, i. 72.Charteris, Colonel Francis, account of his career, i. 345-347.ChesterfieldGaol, state of, i. 428.‘Chronicle of Tyburn,’ the, i. 319.Clarke, John, executed for clipping, ii.22.Clarke, Mrs. Mary Ann, her careeras trafficker in the sale of places, ii.42;and her connection with the Duke of York and Colonel Wardle,42,43.Clarke, Sir Simon, highwayman, i. 406.Clergy, benefit of, abuse of, i. 62.ClerkenwellNew Prison, shocking state of, ii.175.Clifford, Captain, his abduction of Mrs. Synderfin, i. 180.Clippingand coining in the 17th century, i. 164-166;number and profits of the clippers and coiners,164-166;in the 18th century, ii.22;two early clippers—John Clarke,22;and William Guest,22-24.Clubs, robbery of plate from, by a member, ii.346.Cobbett, William, imprisoned for libel, ii.62.Coiningin the 17th century, i. 164-166;in the 18th century, ii.24;enormous extent to which it was carried,24;number of private mints and persons employed,24,25;five kinds of silver money,26;two kinds of copper,27;number of persons prosecuted in a given period,27;and nature of the punishment inflicted,27;account of Cummings, the resurrectionist and coiner,460-462.Coke, Sir Edward, on the derivation of the title ‘pie powder’ given to a certain court, i. 42n.Cokke, William, punishment of, for endeavouring to enhance the price of wheat in old London, i. 30.Coleman, Robert, case of, committed to Newgate, i. 102.Collins, John, attempts the life of William IV., ii.284.Commons, House of, prosecutions for libels on the, ii.61,62.Compters, the, of Ludgate, Giltspur Street, and the Borough, ii.84.Condemned, treatment and conduct of the, in Newgate, i. 150; ii.101-104, 213-216;treatment of the, from sentence to execution,249.et seq.;Gibbon Wakefield on,252-254;the Recorder’s report regarding,252;the ordinary censured for his sermon to,254;Gibbon Wakefield’s account of the Sunday service when the condemned sermon was preached,255-260;bodies of the, given for dissection,265,266;demeanour of the,424-429.Condemnedcell in Newgate, i. 150.Coney-catching, Greene’s description of, i. 123-129.Coo, Thomas, case of, over twenty years a prisoner in Newgate, i. 101.Cope, Mr., governor of Newgate, incompetency of, ii.193,199,200,252,253.Corporation, rights and privileges of the, i. 27-43;dispute between the, and the sheriffs as to the right to appoint the keeper of Newgate,48-50;and with the Lords of the Council on the same subject,50,51;high-handed dealing of the, with certain citizens,67,68;commit an alderman to Newgate for refusing to be sworn,105;order of the, that all prisoners acquitted at the Old Bailey should be discharged without fees,432;appoint a committee to inquire into the condition of Newgate, ii.109;they propose certain stringent reforms in it,110-113.Cottington, Jack, a famous highwayman, account of, i. 172-175.Cotton, Mr., ordinary of Newgate, his discouragements and censure, ii.216,217;is censured for the tone of his condemned sermon before Fauntleroy,254.Courvoisier, his execution, ii.245;scenes at,245;crowded and fashionable congregation to hear his condemned sermon,262;and enormous crowd to see him hanged,263;discovery of the murder,348;apprehension, trial,confession, and conviction,348-353.Cowday, Walter, keeper of Newgate, charges against, i. 162.Crabbe’saccount of the burning of Newgate, i. 470-472.‘Craftsman,’ prosecution of the, for libel, ii.57.Crawford, Mr., inspector of prisons, i. 19.Crawford, Mr. William, one of the prison inspectors, appointed—his antecedents, ii.189;his labours,190,et seq.Crime, summary of state of, in first half of 18th century, i. 322,et seq.;cause of the prevalence of,330;drunkenness,331;gaming,332,et seq.;efforts made by the benevolent for the repression of,337,338;various typical cases of crime,339,et seq.SeeCrimes and Criminals.Crimes and Criminals, ii.2-68;state of crime at the opening of the present Newgate,2-4;evidence of Mr. Townsend, a Bow Street runner, on the subject,3,4;ruthless nature of the penal code,4-6;efforts of Sir Samuel Romilly to ameliorate it,5;their ultimate success,6;forgery a capital crime,6;effects of this on the general public,6;the Bank of England the most implacable prosecutor of forgers,7;strong feeling against these prosecutions,8;early forgers,9-22;clipping a capital crime,22;two early clippers,22-24;coining,24;enormous extent to which it was carried,24;five kinds of silver money and two of copper,26,27;number of persons prosecuted in a given time, and nature of their punishment,27;little security for life or property,28;the watchmen, their character, duties, and remuneration,28;Bow Street runners, their number, duties, and remuneration,29;rewards offered for the conviction of criminals,29andn.;injurious effect of this on the police,29;impunity with which robberies were committed,31;and attacks in the public streets,31,32;the doings of Renwick Williams, “the monster,” 32;robbing at levees,33;career of George Barrington,33-35;prevalence of highway robbery,36;suppressed in the neighbourhood of the metropolis by the horse patrol,36,37;transportation,37;increase of swindlers and sharpers,38;doings of some of the principal,38-42;general increase in juvenile depravity,45-47;dens of young thieves,47;moral contamination of the prison,48; instances of juvenile precocity in crime,49,50;offering a girl for sale,50,51;resurrection men and their doings,51;brutality of popular amusements,52;prize-fighting and its aristocratic patrons,53,54;the perils of free speech, severity of the Press laws,54-62;frauds on the Exchequer,62-64;decoying seamen from the Navy,64,65;statistics as to number of criminals in Newgate,66-68;diminution in certain kinds of crime,275;fewer street robberies,275;corresponding increase in other crimes,275;fraud, forgeries, jewel and bullion robberies, and great commercial frauds,276;offences against the person confined to murder and manslaughter,276;another form of crime—attempts against the sovereign,277;other forms of treason—the Cato Street conspiracy,278;its hero (Thistlewood), inception, frustration, and punishment,278-284;attempts on the life of George III, 284;Margaret Nicholson,284;and Hatfield,284;on William IV., 284;John Collins,284;and on the Queen,285-293;Oxford,285-289;Francis,289-291;Bean,291;Pate,292;increase in the crime of forgery,294;Fauntleroy,294-300;Captain Montgomery,301,302;the Quaker, Joseph Hunton,302;Richard Gilford,304;Maynard, the last who suffered death for forgery,304;the capital punishment for forgery abolished,305;robberies—the burglary at Lambeth Palace,312;at Grimaldi and Johnson’s in the Strand (£6000 worth of watches), 312;attempt of Howard to rob Mr. Mullay in a house in Red Lion Square,312,313;attempt to rob Mr. Gee, a solicitor, in a house in York Street, Commercial Road,314-317;career of Ikey Solomons, a notorious fence, or receiver,317-321;bullion robbery from the Custom House in 1834, 321, 322;robbery of diamonds,322-325;burglaries,325;gold-dust robbery,325;discovery of the perpetrators, who had cheated each other,326,327;murders—of Mr. Weare by Thurtell, Hunt, and Probert,328,329;of the Italian boy and others by Bishop and Williams,330-333;of Mrs. Brown by Greenacre,333-336;increase in crimes of fraud,338;Beaumont Smith’s false Exchequer bills,338;wilful shipwreck of heavily-insured ships,338;the case of the Wallaces and the ‘Dryad,’ 338-341;another clerical forger—Rev. W. Bailey,341;forgery of wills by W. H. Barber, a solicitor, and Joshua Fletcher, a surgeon,341-343;Bank of England defrauded of £8000 by one of its clerks named Burgess,343-345;burglaries,345;robbery at Lord Fitzgerald’s, in Belgrave Square,345;of plate from clubs by a member,346;of diamonds by a sea captain,347;murderers—Courvoisier,348-353;Good,354-356;Hocker,356-359;an epidemic of murders,359;the Mannings,359-367;Marley,367-369;Cannon, for a murderous attack on a police constable,370,371;Mobbs (“General Haynau”), for murder,371;and Barthelemy for murder,371;gigantic frauds,371;embezzlement of £71,000 by W. Watts, a clerk in the Globe Assurance Company,371-375;commits suicide in Newgate,375;frauds of R. F. Pries, corn merchant, with bills of lading,376;of J. W. Cole, Maltby and Co., and Davidson and Gordon with dock warrants,377-379;of Messrs. Strahan, Paul, and Bates with securities deposited with them,379-382;of Robson with false certificates on the Crystal Palace Company,382-386;of Leopold Redpath with fictitious stock on the Great Northern Railway,386-390;the great gold robbery on the South-Eastern Railway,390-395;the forgeries of J. T. Saward and his confederates,395-398;murderers and their demeanour after condemnation,424-429;poisoning and poisoners,431,et seq.;Palmer,432-439;Dove,439;Dr. Smethurst,439-441;Catherine Wilson,441-443;piracy and murder—the ‘Flowery Land’ pirates,444-448;Müller,448-452;Sattler 428, 453;wholesale forgeries of Wagner and Bateman, and their confederates,454-456;and Burnett, Buncher, and Griffiths,456-460;Cummings, the resurrectionist and coiner,460-462;will forgeries of William Roupell,462-465;diamond robbery by the Tarpeys,465;the wholesale forgery of acceptances by the Bidwells, Macdonell, and Noyes,466-469;some of the most recent cases of murder,469-472;the ‘Lennie’ mutineers,472,473;a few smaller celebrities,473.Criminalliterature, i. 317-321;cause of the demand for,322.Criminalside of Newgate, description of, ii. 92,et seq.Crouches, the, punished for offering their niece for sale, ii.50.Chowder, keeper of Newgate in 1580, inquiry into the conduct of, i. 94.Crowe, Christopher, case of, a prisoner in Newgate, i. 103.Cruden, Alexander, his labours in Newgate, ii.126.Cucking-stool, the,242.Cummings, resurrectionist and coiner, ii.460-462.Cutpurses, mode of training, in old London, i. 88;cutpurses and coney-catchers,123-129.Dagoe, Hannah, dreadful scene at the execution of, i. 270.Dalley, Daniel, petition on behalf of, and his passengers, i. 130.Damiens, the doom of, i. 248.Dance, George, architect of the present Newgate, i. 14, 461.Dangerfield, the informer, his crime and punishment, i. 194.‘Darvell Gatheren,’ a wooden image worshipped by the Welsh, i. 73.Davidson, Mr. A., imprisoned for frauds on the Exchequer, ii.62,63;occupies a room in the keeper’s house at a rent of thirty guineas a week,100.Davidson, one of the Cato Street conspirators, ii.283.Davis, Vincent, murderer, i. 362.Day, Alexander, his career as swindler, ii.39.Debtors’Hall, Newgate, i. 155.Debtors, state of, in early times, i. 2;in 1813, 17;they are transferred from Ludgate to Newgate,54;thence back to Ludgate,55;condition of, in Newgate in time of Henry VIII., 69, 70;accommodation for, in Newgate,150-152, 153-157;they are almost starved to death,427;the male debtors’ side of Newgate, ii.68;the female debtors’ side,69;statistics of the number of writs issued and arrests made for debt in 1802, 74;amounts owing, and expenses incurred in recovering,74,75;