expense of obtaining a hangman,273;account of Calcraft, his character, remuneration, &c., and how he came by the office,411-415;and of Marwood,415,416.HansardversusStockdale, celebrated libel case involving an infringement of the privileges of Parliament, account of, ii.202,203n.Harris, Phoebe, burned to death before Newgate, ii.236,237.Harrowby, Lord, the Cato Street conspirators, and the house of, ii.280.Hatfield, attempts the life of George III., ii.284.Hatton, Sir Christopher, on the case of Crowder, i. 95.Hawes, Nathaniel, pressed to death, i. 253.Hawkesbury, Lord, allusion to, i. 480 andn.Hawkins, John, butler and highwayman, i. 397-399.Hawksworth, William, executed for murder, i. 377.Hayes, Catherine, account of her murder of her husband, i. 350-354.Henrietta Maria’sattachment to Romanism, i. 111.Henry III.and the citizens of London, i. 39-41.Henry IV.intrusts the citizens with the custody of Newgate and all other City gates, i. 43.Henry VIII.’stime, crime and criminals in, i. 61;he punishes the citizens who took part in the “Evil May-day” rising,65-67;his religious persecutions,71-92;his Six Articles,73.Hicks, Sir Baptist, notice of, ii. 266 andn.HighHall, the, in Newgate, i. 155.Highwaymen, number and exploits of, in the 17th century, i. 166-180;Whitney,170-172;Jack Cottington,172-175;Claude Duval,175-177;William Nevison,177-180;in the 18th century,397-415;John Hawkins,397-399;James Maclane,400-403;William Page,403;John Rann,403-406;William Butler,406;Sir Simon Clarke,406;William Parsons,407-410;Paul Lewis,410;William Belchier,411;Jonathan Wild,412-415;Henry Sterne, ii.33;Henry Simms,33n.Highwayrobbery, prevalence of, in the 17th century, i. 166-180;and in the 18th, ii.36;suppression of, in the neighbourhood of the metropolis by the horse patrol,36,37.Hill, Sir Rowland, mayor, in 1555, i. 94.Hogan, John, execution of, ii.232.Hogarthand Mrs. Brownrigg, i. 374.Holloway, execution of, for murder, ii.241.HollowayPrison, erection of, i. 21; ii.491.Hooper, Bishop of Gloucester, persecution of, i. 79, 84.Horsepatrol, suppression of highway robbery in the neighbourhood of the metropolis by the, ii.36,37.‘Hot Gospeller,’ extract from, on Newgate in Mary’s time, i. 84-86.Houssart, Louis, murderer, i. 359-362.Howard, John, his prison labours, i. 12, 425, 427-430, 432, 433, 436;on the condition of Newgate,444,445.Howard, his attempt to rob Mr. Mullay, ii.312,313.Howell, Lawrence, case of, for denouncing George I. as a usurper, ii.55,56.Howse, butler, transported for robbing his master’s plate-chest, ii.345.Huggins, John, pays £5000 for the keepership of the Fleet Prison for the life of himself and his son, i. 47.Hunt, convicted for participating in the murder of Mr. Weare, ii.328,329.Hunton, Joseph, the Quaker, executed for forging bills of exchange, ii.302,303.IlchesterGaol one of the few worthy of commendation before prison reform, ii.161.Incontinenceand loose living, punishment for, i. 114-116.Ings, one of the Cato Street conspirators, his reckless demeanour on the gallows, ii.283.Ironingprisoners, illegality and cruelty of, i. 429-431.Jacobiteprisoners in Newgate, i. 207-226;preparations for them,207,209;their appearance and reception,210-212;they live royally,212-214;escapes,214;keeper superseded and special officials appointed,214,215;a newrégimeenforced and military guard mounted,214,215;attempts to corrupt the guard, and riotous conduct of the prisoners,216-219;executions,219-221;news of an amnesty,224;pardon,225;escapes of,309-316.Jacques, Robert, account of his attempt to swindle, ii.43-45.James, John, his account of the extortions practised in Newgate, i. 195.Jebb, Sir Joshua, on Newgate, i. 20.Jenkins, Judge, in Newgate, i. 139.Jesuitemissaries in Newgate in 1602, i. 97;case of Richardson,98;escape of seven,99;more favourably treated under Charles I., 100;account of six Jesuit priests in Newgate,111.Johnson, a highwayman, shoots a turnkey, i. 329.Johnson, Dr. on Mr. Akerman, the keeper of Newgate, i. 449.Joines, Edward, murderer, i. 365.Jones, Mr. J. Gale, prosecuted by House of Commons, ii.61,62.Jones, Mr. V., prosecuted for frauds on the Exchequer, ii.63,64.Jury, illegal treatment of the, that tried Penn, i. 197.Juveniledepravity, general increase in, ii. 45,et seq.;dens of young thieves,47;moral contamination of the prison,48;instances of juvenile precocity in crime,49,50.Ker, a sea captain, transported for a diamond robbery, ii.347.Kerp, one of the Wagner and Bateman gang of forgers, ii.454-456.Ketch, Jack, his kitchen in Newgate, i. 155 andn.Kidd, Captain, pirate, career of, i. 416-420.King’s BenchPrison, outbreak of gaol fever in, i. 437;state of, for debtors, ii.78-80.King’s BenchWard, the, in Newgate, i. 151.Konigsmark, Count, in Newgate, i. 8;account of the murder of Mr. Thynne at his instigation,182-188.LambethPalace, burglary at, ii.312.Lancaster, John, his conversion and execution, ii.118,119.Leary, a precocious juvenile thief, career of, ii.49,50.Lewis, Lieutenant Paul, execution of, i. 269.Lewis, Paul, highwayman, i. 410.‘Liber Albus,’ penalties in, against brawling and breaking the peace, i. 28,et seq.;its account of the procedure at the election of sheriffs,45.Lilburne, Colonel, petition of, from Newgate, i. 134;his trial and acquittal,136,137;in the pillory,237.Lincoln, John, a City broker, incites the citizens against foreign workmen, i. 64;for which he suffers death,66.‘Lives of the Most Remarkable Criminals,’ i. 321.London, Old, Stowe’s picture of the insecurity of life in, at the close of the 12th century, i. 26;penal statute of Edward I. against evil-doers in,27;penalties in the ‘Liber Albus’ for brawling and breaking the peace in,28-30;account of various punishments meted out to givers of false weight and short measure, false swearers, slanderers, &c., in,30-39;Henry III. and the mayor and sheriffs of,40,41;a new charter granted to, by Edward III., 41;other privileges and charters granted by the same monarch,42;dealings of Richard II. with,43;a new charter granted by Henry IV., which gives the citizens the custody of Newgate and all other City gates,43;powers and privileges of the sheriffs of,45-48;dispute between the Corporation and the sheriffs of, regarding the right to appoint the gaoler or keeper of Newgate,48-51;recapture out of sanctuary of an escaped prisoner by the sheriffs of,52;the “Evil May-day” rising in,64-67;religious persecutions in,71-92;state of, in 1585, 88;mode of training cutpurses in,88;coney-catching in,123-129;turbulence of the mob in,137.Lotteries, State, evils of, i. 336.LowerWard, Newgate, i. 157.Lunsford, Edward, his escape from Newgate, i. 290, 291.Lupton, reference to his ‘London Carbonadoed,’ i. 5.Macclesfield, Earl of, his venal practices, i. 347.Macdonell, forger of acceptances, ii.466-469.Mackay, Alex., executed for the murder of his mistress, ii.422;the first privately executed at Newgate, ii.422.Macklin, Charles, the actor, found guilty of manslaughter, i. 390, 391.Maclane, James, highwayman, in Newgate, i. 9;account of his career,400-403.“Maiden, the,” i. 255.Maineon capital punishment, i. 246.Maison de Force, at Ghent, ii.151.Maitlandon the site of Newgate, i. 23;on the “black waggon,” or “Evil May-day” rising,67;on the discovery of thieves,88.Malcolm, Sarah, executed for murder, i. 354-356.Malden, Daniel, his escapes from Newgate, i. 301-308.Maledebtors’ side of Newgate, ii.68.‘Malefactor’s Bloody Register,’ the, i. 318.Malpas, Philip, sheriff of London, his gift to poor prisoners, i. 52;and recapture of an escaped prisoner,52.Mannings, the, murderers of O’Connor, ii.359;their antecedents,360;their victim,359,360;the murder,361;its discovery,362;their escape,363;capture,363;trial,364,365;condemnation and execution,365-367.Mansfield, Lord, his impartiality on the trial of Lord George Gordon, i. 475 andn.;his oppositionto pardoning Dr. Dodd, ii. 16n.Manslaughter, eminent persons found guilty or acquitted of—James Quin, i. 388;Charles Macklin, i. 390;Joseph Baretti, i. 391-393.Marley, Robert, executed for the murder of R. Cope, ii.367-369.Marrow, Ann, pilloried for passing as a man, i. 242.Marshalof the King’s Bench Prison, account of the office of, ii.79.MarshalseaPrison, and of the debtors in, ii.82-84.Marwood, the hangman, account of, ii.415,416.Maryanpersecutions, i. 79,et seq.Massey, Captain, case of, tried and executed for involuntary piracy, i. 423.Masterfelons’ side, Newgate, ii.70;price and privileges of,98.Mauritius, Bishop of London, preparations of, for building a new cathedral, i. 24.May, a body-snatcher, narrowly escapes hanging, ii.330-333.Maynard, executed for forging a Custom House warrant, ii.304;the last person who suffered death for forgery,304.Mayor, Lord, mode of electing, settled, i. 44;an ancient, entertains four sovereigns,44,45.Mead, the Quaker, in Newgate, i. 196.Mediæval Newgate, i. 22-59.Meredith, John, case of, committed to Newgate, i. 103.Meteyard, Mrs., execution of, i. 273.Meteyards, the, murderers, i. 370-372.Metropolis, state of crime in the, in the early part of the 18th century, i. 324,et seq.MiddleWard, the, Newgate, i. 157.Middleyard, Newgate, ii.70.Middleton, Thomas, committed to Newgate for refusing to be sworn, i. 105.MillbankPenitentiary, erection of i. 19.Mist, Nathaniel, prosecuted for libel, ii.56.Mobbs, executed for murdering his wife, ii.371.Mocktrials in Newgate, ii.96-98.Moders, Mary, a famous impostor, account of, i. 188-191.Monmouth, the Duke of, witnesses an execution in Pall Mall, i. 264.Montgomery, Captain, forging bank-notes, poisons himself, ii.301.Montgomery, Lord, a prisoner in Newgate, i. 161.More, Sir Thomas, reference to his ‘Utopia,’ i. 62;his death,72;on hanging for theft, ii.5.“Moses, Money,” a notorious receiver, conviction of, ii.326,327.“Mulledsack.” SeeCottington, Jack.Müller, Franz, executed for the murder of Mr. Briggs, ii.417-419, 448-452.Munday, Alderman Sir John, and the “Evil May-day” rising, i. 65.Mutilation, the punishment of, i. 233.Murdersand murderers in London, some of the principal—Richard Savage, i. 339;Major Oneby,340-344;Marquis de Paleoti,344,345;Catherine Hayes,350-354;Sarah Malcolm,354-356;John Price (the hangman), 357-359;Louis Houssart,359-362;Vincent Davis,362;George Price,363-365;Edward Joines,365;John Williamson,366;Theodore Gardelle,367-370;the Meteyards (mother and daughter), 370-372;Mrs. Elizabeth Brownrigg,372-374;Mr. Plunkett,376;Mr. Edward Bird,376;William Hawksworth,377;Rev. James Hackman,378-383;Governor Wall,383-388;scene at his execution, and last moments, ii.238-241;John Hogan,232;John Sutherland,233;Charles Palm,233;Sam Tilling,233;Holloway,241;Haggerty,241;Bellingham,244;Courvoisier,245,262,263,348-353;Williams,267,268;Thurtell, Hunt, and Probert,328,329;Bishop and Williams (the “burkers”),330-333;Greenacre,333-336;Daniel Good,354-356;Hocker,356-359;the Mannings,359-367;Marley,367-369, 427;Mobbs,371;Barthelemy,371;Müller,417-419, 448-452;Wainwright,426,470,471;Catherine Wilson,427,441-443;Kate Webster,427,469,471;Alexander Mackay,422;Christian Sattler,428,453.Neild, Mr., his prison visitations, ii.148.Nevison, William, highwayman, account of, i. 177-179.Newgate—the first prison, i. 1;its antiquity,1;its first inmates and their treatment,1-4;original gate-house gaol part of City fortifications,4;is restored and improved by Whittington’s executors,4;despotic power of chief gaoler,5;is rebuilt in 1666, 6;Wren supposed to be the architect,6;number of divisions in the interior,6;the press yard and its privileges,7,9;prison life in the 17th century,7-12;public executions and their surroundings,10-12;the old prison is condemned,13;the present prison was begun in 1770, 14;George Dance is the architect,14;was fired by the Lord George Gordon rioters,15;and afterwards repaired,15;condition of the inmates in 1813, 15-17;Mrs. Fry’s labours in,18;report of the Government inspectors on,19,20;it undergoes various alterations,21;and serves till 1880, when it was closed,21;still the metropolitan place of execution,21.Newgate, Mediæval, i. 22-59;earliest mention of,22;conjectures regarding its site,23;and as to its being one of the four original gates of the City,23;state of mediæval Newgate,25;and of its inmates,25;used as a prison for persons of rank before the Tower,25;and for various offenders against City laws,26-39;first recorded escape from,40;consequences of, to the mayor and sheriffs,40,41;Henry IV. commits the keeping of Newgate to the citizens,43;the sheriffs have the custody of the prisoners in,45;privileges of the sheriffs in reference to prisoners,45andn.;mode of appointing, and powers and privileges of, the gaoler or keeper of,46;the appointment to the office ultimately becomes purchasable,47;£3000 recorded as the price once paid for the office,47;dispute between the sheriffs and the Corporation as to the right to appoint the gaoler of,48-50;a royal nominee sometimes appointed,50;dispute between the Lords of the Council and the Corporation on the subject,50,51;poor prisoners in, wholly dependent on charity for their support,51-53;recapture of an escaped prisoner,52;their wretched condition,53;transference of all debtors to,54;a Prayer-Book bequeathed to,56;Wat Tyler and his followers break into, and set the prisoners free,57;Whittington leaves money for rebuilding,58;various repairs made at different times on the third edifice,59.Newgate in the Sixteenth Century, i. 60-95;starting-point for the promenade to the pillory,63;the “Evil May-day” prisoners,64-67;the murders of Roderigo the Spaniard,69;poor debtors in,69,70;prisoners for conscience’ sake in,71-92;Alexander, keeper of Newgate in Mary’s time, type of a brutalgaoler,80-84;description of, in Mary’s time,85;nature of the prisoners in Edward’s reign,86-89;religious prisoners in Elizabeth’s time,89-92;and political prisoners,92;condition of the prisoners during the 16th century,92-95;inquiry into the conduct of Crowder, the gaoler in Elizabeth’s time,94.Newgate in the Seventeenth Century, down to the Great Fire, i. 96-142;Jesuit emissaries in, in 1602, 97;license allowed to,99;escape of seven,99;favour shown to, by Charles I., 100;case of Thomas Coo, over twenty years in,101;sufferings and petitions of other poor wretches in,101-106;conditional pardons issued to certain prisoners,106-108;petitions of others for release,108,109;Jesuit priests and Irish friars in,112;prisoners for infringing sanitary laws,113;and for incontinence and loose living,114-116;for religious fanaticism, rioting, and forging,116-119;condition of the prisoners, tyranny of the keeper, and extortion of the understrappers in,119-123;the “Dogge Tavern” in,121;petitions from prisoners in, during the Long Parliament,130-138;Royalist prisoners in,138-140;brother of the Portuguese ambassador in,140;aristocratic prisoners in,141.Newgate in the Seventeenth Century, after the Great Fire, i. 143-198;refaced and refronted,143;destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, 144;how rebuilt,144;the façade,144;description of the position and interior of the 1667 prison,147-161;general divisions of,148;the felons’ cell,150;the master debtors’ side,150-152;the master felons’ side,152;the common side for debtors,153-157;Jack Ketch’s kitchen,155n.;the common felons’ side,157-159;the press yard and castle,159-161;the chapel,160;wretched condition of the inmates,161;suicide frequent,162;two keepers brought to book,162,163;clippers and coiners in,164-166;highwaymen in,166-180;abductors in,180,et seq.;Count Konigsmark and the German Princess in,182-191;Titus Oates and Dangerfield,192-195;extortion to which prisoners were subjected,196;Quakers in,196; Romish priests and laymen in,198; the press yard, its extent, privileges, extortions, and inmates,199-207;Jacobite prisoners in,207-226;spotted fever in,223;Rob Roy in,226;executions from, and scenes at,231-285;escapes from,286-316;calendars of,317-321;murderers confined in,338-388;Quin, Macklin, and Baretti in,388-393;highwaymen in,397-415;pirates in,415-423;gaol fever and its ravages in,424-450;life in,450;the sexes intermixed,451;debauchery, gaming, drunkenness, moral contamination,451;prisoners subjected to experiments,452;they take military service to escape from,453.Newgate—the New Gaol, i. 454-474; ii.2-64;preliminary proceedings, i. 455,et seq.;density of prison population,455n.;destruction of the press yard by fire,459;and two of the inmates burned,459;preparations for the erection of a new gaol,460;estimate of the cost,461,462;foundation stone laid by Lord Mayor Beckford,463;