Abbye-Singh, the tiger-killer,310.Abyssinia, its physical features,248;flora,248-50;mountains,596.—See alsoShoa,Tigre.Abyssinian meadow-grass,242.Acacia detinens,257.Acacia doratoxylon,279.Acacias, family of, their characteristics,411.Acrostichon grande,277.Actæasdescribed,261.Adansonia digitata(the Baobab),409.Adour, the, valley of,27.Africa, interior of, described,186,187;southern plateau,187,194,195;its general physical features,187,188;Karroos of Southern Africa,188,191.—SeeCape Colony,Central Africa,Equitorial Africa,Kaffraria,Kalihari,Natal,Senegambia.African elephant, characteristics of,451.Agami, the, described,354.Agouti, the, described,342.Agua, the, described,363.Ahu, the, described,65.Akhaf, the desert of,106,109.Albert N’yanza, the, discovered by Sir S. Baker,202.Alfa, the, described,150.Alfourous, the, their manners,525.Alleghany Mountains, the, character of,216.Alligator, the, its natural history,357,358.Alligator lucius,357.Aloe socotrina,249.Aloes, various species of, described,254.Alpaca, the, characteristics of,334,335.—SeeHuanacu.Alpine Squirrel, the,499.Alps, the, referred to,14;described,589,590.Alps, the Scandinavian, described,588.Altaï Mountains, the, description of,594.Amazon, forests of the river, their characteristics,386,387.Amboyna, island of, its species,421.America, progressive civilization of,205,206;Spanish conquests in,206,209;probable future of,209;character of its fauna,281-283.—SeeNorth America, South America.Anastatica hierochuntica,149.Andamanese, the, character of,525.Andes, the, description of,597,598;Condor of,613,614;vegetation and character of the Pampas of,228,229.Androsellæ, the, described,601.Annona (ox-heart), the, described,246.Ant-eater, habits of the great,346,347.Anthropomorphic apes, natural history of,470-487.Antilope Dorcas, the, account of,169.Apache Indians, the, described,335.Apalachian Mountains, the, features of,597.Ape, the, natural history of,463;habitat,464.—SeeBaboon,Chimpanzee,Cynocephali,Cynopitheci,Gorilla,Monkey,Orang-Outang.Apennines, the, their character and aspect,590.Apios tuberosa,260.Aponogeton distachyum,256.Apteryx Australis, its natural history,377,378.Aquila bifasciata,75.Arabian Deserts, the, description of,106.Arabs, the, their origin,176;physique,176;history,176,177;religion,177;attachment to polygamy,177;love of rapine,177;religious zeal,178;general characteristics,178,179;household wealth,178,180.—SeeBedouins.Aralia crassifolia,277.Ararat, Mount, its physical aspect,595.Araucanians, the, their habits and manners,541.Arctic discovery, reference to, and account of,552-555.Arctic regions, the, described,548.—SeePolar Regions.Ardea alba,72.—SeeHeron.Areca saccharifera,418.Argæus, Mount, description of,595.Ariel Gazelle, the, natural history of,169.Aristida pungens,148.Armadillo, the, natural history of,345,346.Arnee Buffalo, the, description of,297,308.Arnold, Matthew, quoted,398,591.Aroidaceæ, the, family of,438.Artemisia alba,151.Artemisia glacialis,601.Artesian wells,161.Artocarpus incisa,414.Arundo conspicua,275.Asiatic elephant, the, its natural history,450,451.Asimina triloba,259.Asinus Quagga, the, natural history of,291,292.Ass, the, its habits and peculiarities,56.Ass, Wild, the.—SeeOnagra.Astelia Banksii,276.Asturias, bear of, described,609.Atacania, the Pampas of,219.Ateles, the, their natural history,489,490.Atkinson, T. W., quoted,58,77,79,88.Atlas Mountains, the, their situation and physical aspect,124,596.Atmosphere of mountain-regions,582,583.Aureilhan, lake of,30.Australia, discovery of,231,232;its deserts,232;rivers,232;mountains,235;adventure and exploration in,235,236;wilderness of,237;expedition by Burke and Wills,237-240;its flora,273-281;its fauna,366-378;its characteristic vegetation,422-424;its aboriginal population,522,523.Auvergne, its extinct volcanoes,591,592.Avatsha, mount,595.Aye-Aye, the, its natural history,494.Baboon of the Atlas, the, described,465.Bahiouda, desert of, described,122,123.Baker, Sir S., quoted,202,287,288.Baleniceps, the, account of,321.Balsams, the yellow, described,261.Bamboo, the, its physiology and uses,402.Bamunguatos Mountains, the, chain of,196.Banana, the, its physiology and uses,246,249,402,403.Banyan, the, account of,404,405.Baobab, the, characteristics and discovery of,409,410.Barth, Dr., quoted,204.Barbary Squirrel, the, account of,500.Barren landes, the, described,549.Bassia buttyracea,410.Batata, the, account of,242.Bates, H. W., quoted,341,347,358,386,387,388,395,396,397,434,435,446,468.Batna, account of,127.Baudouin, lake, description of,114,117.Bauhinias, the, characteristics of,439.Bear, the Arctic, natural history of,565,566;adventures with,567,568;bear of Europe and Asia,609,610;of North America,610,613.Bear, the White, account of,551,566.Beaver, the, natural history of,342;dams built by,343,344;mode of hunting,345;gradual disappearance of,345.Bechuana country, the, dryness of,191.Bedford, Earls of, their works in the Fen country,44.Bedouins, the, their manners, habits, religion, and warlike disposition,179,180.Beloor-tagh, mountains of, described,595.Benguela, description of,193;flora of,251.Benin, climate and aspect of,193.Berbers, the, their characteristics,182.Betel-nut tree, the, account of,422.Biafra described,193.Bielukha, mount, described,594.Biscarosse, lake,30; forest,38.Bisons, the, natural history of,338;mode of hunting,339;food, migrations, uses,339.Bittern, the great, account of,72.Black Bear, the, account of,610.Black mosquito grass,263.Black Mountains, the,188,212,215.Black pepper, whence procured,245.Black Swan, the, account of,376.Boa-Constrictor, the, natural history of,358,359.Boars of America, account of,330.Boitard, quoted,456.Bolas, Indian, a mode of hunting with,336,337.Bonald, quoted,503.Borassus flabelliformis,401,402.Bos arni,297.Bos bubalus,297.Boswellia serrata,407.Botauris stellaris,72.—SeeBittern.Botocoudos, the, described,539.Bradypus torquatus,496.Brande, W. T., quoted,60,251,252,408.Bray, Mrs., quoted,41.Brayera anthelmintica,249.Brazil, Campos of, their physical aspects,270,271.Bread-fruit tree, its character and properties,414,415.Brittany, physical history of,18-20;geology18,19;its Druidic monuments,19;its landes,20,24;its inhabitants,23;itsdunes, or sand-hills,32,35.Brown Bear, the, account of,609.Brun, Malte, quoted,589.Brush-tailed Rock Wallaby, described,375.Bryant, W. C., quoted,216.Bubalus, the, described,294.Bucephalus viridis,327.Buckland, Dr., quoted,447.Buckland, Frank, quoted,328.Buenos Ayres, Pampas of,226,228.Buffalo, the, natural history of,296;mode of hunting,297;of Kaffraria,295,296.Buffon, quoted,58,71,448,479.Bull-frog, the, described,363,364.Buriäts, the, account of,91,92.Burke and Wills, Australian expedition of,236-240.Burnett, quoted,310,313.Burton, Captain R. F., quoted,514.Bustard, the, natural history of,75.Butter-tree, the, natural account of,411.Byron, quoted,14,135,136,201.Cæsalpineæ, the, account of,445.Caimans.—SeeAlligator.Caladium segmium,245.Calebash nutmeg, the, account of,246.California, giant trees of,430,431.Calla, the, account of,256.Callistimon salignum,277.Callithrix sciurus,490.Calomys bizcacha,342.Camaroon Mountains, the, account of,596.Camel, the, natural history of,58-64;docility and usefulness,58,59;physiology,59,60;habits,60-62;moral qualities,62,63;story of,63,64.—SeeDromedary.Camel-herd, the, described,318.Campanula of Allioni, the,601.Campos of Brazil, vegetable life of,272,273.Canada, future prospects of,209.Cannes, Keltic memorials at,19.Cannibalism in Hindostan,510;in Polynesia,513;in Africa,514;in Ombaï,519.Caoutchouc, nature and properties of,441,442.Cape Colony, account of,188,191.Cape Eland, the,295.Cape Negro,193.Capim Gordura, described,271.Capybara, account of the,341.Caracara, the, account of,355.Caraccas, the Llanos of,268.Cariama, the, account of,354.Caribs, the, their manners and customs,538,539.Oarnivora, the, habitat and history of,167-169.Carolinea insignis,437.Carpathian Mountains, the, account of,592Carrette, M., quoted,166,167.Carrion plant, the, described,254.Caspian Mountains, the,595.Cassanga, flora of,258.Cassava bread, described,242.Cassia, the, account of,241.Casso, the, described,249.Cassowary, the, natural history of,318,319.Castor fiber,343.—SeeBeaver.Casuarina equisetifolia,277.Cathartes, Urubu, the, described,56.Catoblepus Gnu, the, described,295.Caucasus, mountain-range of, described,592.Cazau, lake of,29,30.Cebidæ, the, natural history of,487,488.Cedar-trees, in the Atlas region,601,602;in England,603;in the Lebanon,603.Celastrus edulis,249.Central Africa, physical features of,196-198.Cerastes, the, natural history of,171,172.Cercopithecus Diana,469.Cercopithecus ruber,469.Cereopsis, the, account of,376,377.Cereus Peruvianus,266.Cervus Mexicanus, the, account of,340.Cevennes, the, natural features of,14,591.Ceylon, reference to,415.Ceza, Pierre de, quoted,438.Chacma, the, described,470.Chambers, William, quoted,38.Chamois, the, natural history of,607,608.Characeæ, the, described,259.Cheetah, the, natural history of,310,313.Cheiromys Madagascariensis,494.Chilason, the, described,68.Chiquitos, the, account of,540.Chulon, the, described,68.Ciconia, the, natural history of,320.Civets, the, natural history of,316.Citrulli, the,257.Climate, influence of,543,544.Cloquet, Dr., quoted,110.Clusia rosea,437.Cobra, the, physiology of,327,328.Cocoa-nut palm, the, description of,245.Cocos oleracea,245.Coffæa Arabica,245.Coffee-tree, description of,245Coleridge, S. T., quoted,119,120,590.Colocasia mucronatum,245.Colonial millet, account of,242.Comanches Indians, the, habits of,535.Common Buffalo, the, physiology of,297.Common Squirrel, the,499.Compass Berg, the, account of,188.Compositæ, the, in botany,253.Condor of the Andes, account of,613,614.Coniferæ, the, family of,423,424.Convolvuli, American, described,439.Convolvulus Batatas,242.Cook, Captain, voyages of,232.Cooper’s Creek, in Australia,236,238.Copal-tree, the, properties of,428.Coracan, the, account of,242.Corchorus olitorius,245.Cordilleras, the, physical features of,267.Corral in Ceylon, the,299.Corypha Australis,281.Corypha inermis,268.Cossacks, the, manners and customs of,81,82.Cotton-plant, the, in the Sahara,158.Cow-tree, the, properties of,388.Crawford, quoted,406.Crocodile, the, natural history of,322;mode of trapping,323.Crotalus horridus,359.Croton sebiferum,407,408.Cucamis, the, described,257.Cucurbitaceæ, the, account of,246.Cuon Bansu, the, described,315.Curlew, the, natural history of72,73.Cuvier, quoted,286,345.Cycadaceæ, the, properties and nature of,286.Cycas circinnalis,421.Cygnus atratus,376.Cynocephali, the, natural history of,464;habits and propensities,466.Cynopitheci, the, natural history of,466,467.Dante, quoted,148.Darling, the river, in Australia,235.Dartmoor, physical history of,39;itstors, or granite hills,40;morasses,40;ancient forests,40.Darwin, Dr., quoted,341.Date-palm, the, its character, fruit, and uses,154-156.Date-tree, the, thorny, properties of,412.Daumas, General, quoted,