Cerameikos cemetery,192“Cerberus, sop to,”189Chæroneia,238,241Chalcidian peninsulas,240Chalcis,63Chariot-races,78Charioteer, the long-robed (statue),81,169Charon,189Charondas of Catane,73,128Cheirisophos,201Child-birth, goddess of,98Children, Spartan,91Chios,142Chorus, the,173,182Christianity and Stoicism,257,261Chronology, system of,249Chryseis,58Cicero,128,230Cinadon, conspiracy of,200Cithara,68,224City-state, the,7,10,206,238;and patriotism,145;the ideal,255,257Civilisation, prehistoric,18Classicism, “Greek” and,2Clearchus,201Cleisthenes,99,109,116,117,133Cleombrotus,85,205Cleomenes,85Cleomenes III.,239Cleon,144,160,183,187Cleonymus,186Clytæmnestra,58,181Cnidos,213Cnossos,16,20et seq.;destruction of,31;athletics of,74Cockerell, C. R.,147Coins, Sparta and,89;Ionian,123;of Syracuse,129,131,225;of Elis,148;art of coins,225;Athena type,225;gold,225;Corinthian,and others,225,226;with portraits of Alexander,247Comedy,173,183-186Commerce, Hermes the god of,68Common sense of the Greeks,180Communism, Platonic,255Companions of the King, the (Macedon),240Conon,198,226Constantinople Museum, Sidon sarcophagus,246Constitution, free,256;Mixed,257;Mixed, of Sparta, and political science,86Constitutional history, contradictions in,228Corcyra (Corfu),105,108,137Corinth and commerce,105,127;art,105;and Egypt,106;under the Cypselid tyrants,108;worship of Aphrodite,108;and the Bacchiads,104;and the Leagues,245;destroyed by the Romans,261,263Corinth, Isthmus of,137Corinthian Gulf, the,7Corinthian War, the,203Cory, Wm. Johnson,249Cos,213Council of Ten, Spartan,200Courtesans of Corinth,108Crabbe (Carcinus),187Cremation,189Creon,178Cresilas,160Crete,14et seq.;Stone Age in,18;palaces,24Cripple,46Critias,197,232Criticism, Aristotle and,254Crito,233Crœsus, King of Lydia,71,123Cronos,66Croton,127Crown of wild olive,78Crusaders, Latin,262Cunaxa,201Cupbearer frieze, the,23,25,32Curses, the,66Cybele, worship of,251Cyclopes,36Cylon,99,104,110Cyme,62Cynics, the,258Cyprus,17,142,237Cypselid tyrants,108Cypselus, tyrant of Corinth,104,105,109Cyrus,72,123,201Cythera, figure found at,220Dædalus,15,166“Daimonion,”232Damagetus,78Damon the musician,146Dancing-floors,173Daphnis,250Dardanelles, the,136Darius,72,134,245Datis,134Death, Greek ideas of,190;sculpture representing,126,220;according to the Epicureans,258Deianira,176Deities, names for,66Delos, shrine of Apollo,68;removal of dead from,112;confederacy of,141Delphi, shrine of Apollo,68,71;spoils of war,168;treasures of,238Delphic Amphictyony,72Delphic Oracle and priests,71-73;and art,103;and the Persian invasion,137;Lysander and,200Demaratus,137Demeter, or Mother Earth, an early deity,66;shrine of, at Anthela,72;Eleusinian mysteries,98,190;Persephone and,124;worship of,170;Demeter of Cnidos (statue),219Demetrius, the Besieger of Cities,252Democracy, Spartan,84;Athenian,98,100,118,141,172,195,197;and the Free Constitution,256Democritus,258Demosthenes,194,229,230,240“Diadumenus,”81,159Diagoras,78Diana of the Ephesians,34,118;temple of,219Diipolia,98Diodorus,128Diogenes,258Dionysius I. and II., tyrants of Syracuse,250,255;coins,225Dionysus on the Parthenon frieze,154;in the “Frogs” of Aristophanes,184;the drama and festivals of,112,173,184;theatre of,168Dipylon Gate,168Dipylon Style, the,56“Discobolus,”80,159Dithyramb, the,106,113,173Dogs on tombstones,193Dōma,59Domestic life in Homer,58Dorian Mode in music,223Dorians, the, origin of,38;dress of warriors,38;religious beliefs,38;ignored by Homer,42;communism,88;Apollo, god of the,69;Dorian greatness,70Doric architecture,106,161,171Dörpfeld, Dr.,166“Doryphorus,”81,159Douris,225Dracon,99Drainage work, Cnossian,26Drama, Athenian,112;the Greek,172-187;as instrument of public education,172;“Middle Comedy,”227;the New Comedy of manners,228,253;the mime,250;“contamination,”253Earth, circumference of the,248East and West, conflict between,11Ecclesia,116Education, Spartan,89;Platonic,255Egypt, Greek learning from,119;Athens and the affairs of,142;under the Ptolemies,244.See alsoAlexandriaEgyptian influence in Crete,20,33Egyptologists and dates,17Eilithuia,151Eleatic school of philosophy,128Eleusinian mysteries,34,98,170Eleusinian relief, the (sculpture),160Eleusis, the Great Temple of the Mysteries,170Eleutheria,94Elgin, Lord, and the Parthenon marbles,151Elis, citizens of, and Olympian Games,77;coins of,148Empire and democracy,11Empires, Greek,11Epaminondas the Theban,180,204-208,240Ephesus, wealth, &c.,112,118;column from,123;temple of Artemis,218,221;new temple at,226Ephorate, Spartan,85Ephorus,228Epictetus,257Epicureanism,258Epicurus,257,258Epidaurus,104Epimenides the Cretan,15,101Epinikia, the,76Epirus,245Eratosthenes,248Erechtheum, the,102,165-167Erechtheus,95,96,102,110,112Eretria,133Eros,155,211;Eros of Thespiæ,213,215;Eros of Centocelle,215Ethics,235;of Aristotle,254;politics a branch of,256Etruscan art,17Etruscans,127Euænetus,225Eubœa,63,196Eubouleus,190Eucleides,197Euclid,248Eugenics, Spartan,89Euhemerism,122Eumæus,47Eunomia,73,94Eupatridæ,97Euploia,213Euripides, against athletes,79;the chorus in,174;the sceptic and prophet of the new age,177;the “Alcestis,”179;number of his works,182;in the “Frogs” of Aristophanes,184,186;and social problems,210;influence on art,211;Archelaus and,239European civilisation and modern discoveries,14;early civilisation,247Eurotas, Vale of,204Eurymedon,142Euxine, the,202Evagoras,238Evans, Sir Arthur, discoveries of,17,24,25,30Fashions(dress), Cnossian,25Fates, the,66,123,189Federal systems,238Flagellation, Spartan,92Fortresses of Tiryns, &c.,28Four Hundred, government of the,196François Vase,43,57Frere’s, Hookham, translation of Aristophanes, quoted,184Frieze of the Parthenon,153Funeral customs,188Furies, the,181Furtwängler, Adolf,151,158Gaia(Earth),152Games, the—seeAthleticsGardner, Prof. Ernest, on the Parthenon sculptures,150,154Gauls, the,238Gelo of Syracuse,130,131,137,225Gem-engraving,263Gems,225Genius, the rise of,132;Greek impersonal genius,158Geometric style in art,56Gerontes, Spartan,84Gerousia, or Senate,84Ghost-worship,66Glaucus,79God, Socrates and,232Gods in Homer,50Gorgias of Leontini,230Gorgon, the,57Goths, the,262Government of the Greek States,83,116;popular government in Athens,195;Platonic government,255Græco-Roman art,265“Greece,” and “Greek,” ideas conveyed by,1Greece, the country,5;and the sea,5;climate,7;scenery,9;the Dark Ages,36;the earlier civilisation,74;government,116;invaders of,262;its decline,263Greece, modern,261;War of Independence,262;war with Turkey,262Greek character, the,10Greek culture, its continuing influence,260Greek history, new discoveries and,12Greek poetry,53Greek states, government of the,83Greek world, the, under Alexander,244Greeks inherently aristocratic,171;racial character of modern Greeks,8Griffin, the,58“Grin, the archaic,”70Grundy, Dr. G. B.,138Gylippus,93Hades,123,124,190,233Hadrian, Emperor,111,261Hæmon,178Halicarnassus, coin,123;mausoleum at,221Happiness,258Harmodius and Aristogeiton, legend of,115,180;statue by Antenor,115;“the Harmodius,”116;group from Ægina,147Harold Hardrada,262Harp, the,39;and Spartans,224Harpies, the,66,189Harpy tomb,123Heavenly twins, the,245Hecatæus of Miletus,122Hegeso, tomb of,192Helen of Troy,55,58Helicon, Mount,9;Muses of,63Heliodorus,180,262Helios,226Hellas, definition of,260Hellenic people, the, fusion of races,39Hellenism, the study of,4;contest between Hellenism and barbarism,153;Alexander the Great and,243;and Asiatic elements,251;the Roman and,260;and Europe,260Helots,87Hephæstus, shield of,43;works of,54;and Athena,94;in the Parthenon frieze,151,155;the temple of,167Hera,23,50,130,154;temple of,106,108,215Heracleitus of Ephesus,122Heracles,85;and his labours,111,153;and Hylas,180;the Farnese,265“Heracles, the sons of,”73Herculaneum, bronzes,221;Greek art at,263Hercules—seeHeraclesHermes, early origin,66,67;popularity of,68;in art,70;and the Olympian Games,76;in the Parthenon frieze,154;on sepulchral slab,192;replaces Apollo in art,211;