Admiralty, Lords of, visit to the Polar ships,9; satisfaction at the results of the expedition,368.Admiralty Inlet, remains of Eskimos on shores of,68.Albert Head,65.Aldebaran, erratic conduct of,200.Aldrich, Lieut. Pelham, R.N., skill in managing a kayak,30; starts on a reconnoitring expedition in the autumn,128; second autumn journey with dog-sledge,133; starts on a third autumn journey,136,137; ascends a hill near Cape Joseph Henry,147; glees by,169,216; his lecture on meteorology,169; orchestra for the Royal Arctic Theatre,171,175,214; plays the harmonium at church,187; one of his dogs lost,190; plays at Christmas,194,195; commands the extended party to the west,241; anxiety for his safety,331; return,332.Ale, prepared specially for the expedition,17. (SeeBeer.)“Alert,” H.M.S.,1,2; special fittings,3; departure from Portsmouth,9; leaves Berehaven,12; commencement of the voyage,15; a lively ship,17; arrival at Godhavn,26; departure from Godhavn,34; on shore,43; proceeds to Cary Islands,48; Port Foulke,51,56; perilous position of,65,91; at Hannah Island,100; in Discovery Harbour,104,108,293; on shore near Cape Beechey,112; in the palæocrystic ice,117,118; crosses the threshold of the unknown region,119; danger at Floe-berg Beach,125,134; precarious winter quarters,125,135,136; housed in,154; internal winter arrangements,156; printing establishment,165; departure of sledges from,257; scurvy breaks out on board,321; succour from, reaches N. division,325; freed from winter quarters,342; forced on shore,351; afloat again,347; at Valentia,367. (SeeWinter Quarters.)“Alexandra,” H.M. sledge,217,259,263.Alexandra Bay,61,63.Amusements in winter quarters,167; importance of,163. (SeeTheatricals.)Anonyx nugax: crustacea brought up at the extreme northern point,309(n.).Arctic Circle crossed by the expedition,26.Arctic Highlanders,48. (SeeEskimo.)Arctic school,166,167,213.Arctic theatre. (SeeTheatricals.)“Arctic,” whaler, reminiscences of,360.Astronomical observatory,153,180.Astronomy, lecture on, by Captain Nares,169; by Commander Markham,169.Atanekerdluk, fossil plants at,36.Atlantic, gales of wind in,17,18.Auks, Little. (SeeRotges.)Autumn depôt. (SeeDepôts.)Autumn travelling,128,129,133,137to150; discomfort,141; severe work,147,148; return from,148,149; results,149.Auxiliary sledges,234.Ayles, Adam, song by,216.Bache Island, of Hayes, not an island,64.Baffin, William, gave name to Woman Isles,41.Bag (sleeping),139,233,235,240,279,283,287.Baird Inlet,57.Baird, Cape, stopped by ice off,103.Banks Island, heavy pack on west coast,200.Bantry Bay. (SeeBerehaven.)Bardin Bay,359.Barrow, Cape John,93.Bears, hunt in Melville Bay,46; recent tracks,86.Beaumont, Lieutenant, H.M.S. “Discovery,” his journey along the north coast of Greenland,346; return of,350.Beechey, Cape, Eskimo remains at,69; lane of water in direction of,102,112,113; rounded,114.Beer at Godhavn,363.Bellot, Cape,103,112; Island,112,351.Berehaven, expedition at,12.Bessels Bay, entrance passed,100; description of,101.Bessels, Dr., observation as to meetings of tides at Cape Fraser,92; coast-line correctly delineated by,99.Beverley, crimson cliffs of,48.Bide-a-wee Harbour,58. (SeePayer Harbour.)Bills of fare,185,186,196,335. (SeePlay-bills.)Birds of the Arctic regions,24,35,50; Brent geese,345; dovekies,50,101; eider duck,101,131,360; falcon,362; fulmar petrel,361; glaucous gulls,50; ivory gulls,50,101; kittiwakes,50; king ducks,50,332; knots,110; looms,40,50; ptarmigan,225; rotges,46,50,360; skuas,332; terns,110,332; turnstones,360.Birthdays, celebration of,184,185.Black, Cape,253.Blasting the ice,87,89,90,341,349.“Bloodhound,” H.M. sledge,259,263.Boats for the expedition,4; search for, left by Hayes,53,55; on a sledge,58; jolly-boat of “Valorous” landed in Dobbin Bay,84; turned in on their davits owing to height of ice,90; advanced to northward of ship,133; hauled up during winter quarters,157; on sledges,242(n.); in Parry’s expedition, details of,243(n.); painted,245; care of, on sledge,279; abandonment of, by Commander Markham,288,289,318.Boldroe, Mr., governor of Egedesminde,365.Botanical collections,31.Botany. (SeeVegetation.)Bottle-nose whales,20.Brent geese,345.Brevoort Island,57; cairn on,356.Brevoort Cape in sight,103.“Bruin,” largest dog on board,210.Bryant, Geo., H.M.S. “Discovery,” serving in the “Alert,”169.Buchanan Strait, Eskimo remains at,69.“Bulldog,” H.M. sledge,217,259,263.Burroughs, Geo., ship’s steward, H.M.S. “Alert,” acts inChops of the Channel,173.Butterflies,351.Byam Martin Cape,360.Cairns at the Cary Islands,49; at Life-boat Cove,53; at Cape Isabella,56; on Brevoort Island,356; ancient cairns on Washington Irving Island,85; on Hannah Island,101; at Lincoln Bay,117; at the “Alert’s” winter quarters,284.Cairn Hill,219,220,221,225; cairn built,341.Cane, Frederick, armourer, H.M.S. “Alert,” songs by,169,215.Carl Ritter Bay,99.Cary Islands,48; depôt on,49,84.Castletown. (SeeBerehaven.)Cave in the snow,350.Cetaceans, various kinds,20,21.“Challenger,” H.M. sledge,217,259.Chlorine observations,180.Chops of the Channel, play acted by the men,173.Chorus, grand palæocrystic,216.Christmas in the Arctic regions,192to197; bill of fare,196; poem on,196.Clavering, Captain, Eskimo seen by, on east coast of Greenland,69.“Clements Markham,” H.M. sledge,217; starts for “Discovery,”248.Clements Markham Inlet,288.Clothing during winter,159,160; sledging,239. (SeeFoot-gear.)Coal, discovery of,350; offer of, at Egedesminde,363.Cod-fish,21,25,365.Colan, Dr., H.M.S. “Alert,” his lecture on food in the Arctic regions,169; medical instructions to officers of sledges,238; skilful treatment of Petersen,255; attention to scurvy patients,333,338,345.Cold, extreme,208,222,224. (SeeTemperature.)Collinson, Cape,94.Cook, while sledging,235,265.Cooking apparatus, weight,233; description,235.Copenhagen, letters sent out from,363.Coppinger, Dr., H.M.S. “Discovery,” state of lime-juice found by, in Polaris Bay,305; journey with Lieut. Beaumont,346.Cress. (SeeMustard and Cress.)Crimson cliffs of Beverley,48.Crinoids dredged up,73.Crow’s-nest, description,3; Captain Nares constantly in,66; a cold berth,98.Crozier Island passed,98.Crustaceans dredged up at the extreme northern point,309.Cryolite mine in Greenland,20.Crystal Palace Glacier,50.Dancing at Christmas,197; old year,204.Darkness, approach of,127; in sledge travelling,141; in winter,178,182; monotony of,207.Davis, John, musicians in the expedition of,8; gave name to Cape Desolation,22,23.Davis Strait,18,19,20.Daylight. (SeeLight.)Deaths. (SeePetersen, Porter, “Discovery.”)Depôts on Cary Isles,49; Cape Isabella,56; Dobbin Bay,85,353; Cape Collinson,95; Cape Morton,102; Lincoln Bay,117,248; Floe-berg Beach,122,124; near Cape Joseph Henry,147,149,263,321; to southward of Floe Berg Beach for “Discovery” sledges,255; for sledge parties,234.“Deptford,” snow storehouse so called,154.Desolation, Cape,22.Diptera,351.Disco,6,18,34,358,362; tradition of,33,34; view from hills of,31. (SeeGodhavn.)Disco Bay,31.“Discovery,” H.M.S.,95; departure from Portsmouth,9; commencement of voyage,15; sighted off Greenland coast,25; towed by the “Alert,”41; following,45; sent to communicate with natives at Cape York,48; at Port Foulke,56; perilous position,65; grounds off Cape Louis Napoleon,90; in great danger,91; blown from her anchors,95; lands a depôt at Cape Morton,100; in harbour,104; winter quarters of,107; sledge crew from, joins the “Alert,”108; theatre on board,174; a health to,217; depôts laid out for sledges of,227; work of sledge parties,242; arrangement for opening communication with, from “Alert,”246,255; to return to England,330; joined by “Alert,”344,345; scurvy among crew of,346; two deaths,346; rendezvous at Queenstown,367.Discovery Harbour,104,106,112; “Alert” arrives at,347.Distant, Cape, walk to,110; “Alert” passes,112.Divine service,187; on Christmas day,195; before sledges start,258,259.Dobbin Bay,83,86; depôt at,84,353.Dock cut in the ice at Dobbin Bay,86.Dockyard. (SeePortsmouth.)Dog-driver. (SeePetersen.)Dogs, Eskimo,29,38,78,79; disease,79; wailing,88; habits,130; sledging,80,81,128; dog “Sallie” lost and found,190,191; alarm of during winter,199; nearly steal musk-ox beef,207; alarm caused by,210; regularly fed,210; team sent with sledge to “Discovery,”247,255; trouble with,253. (SeeBruin, Sallie, Flo, Nellie.)Dovekies,50,101,115.Draba,57,340.Dredging,25,73,102.Driftwood,112.Drip. (SeeSnow.)Drip, inconvenience of, in winter,182.Ducks. (SeeBirds.)Dumb-bell Bay,131.Dundas Harbour, remains of Eskimos at,68.D’Urville, Cape, passed,83.Edinburgh, H.R.H. the Duke of, visit to Arctic ships,8.Egedesminde, offer of coals at,363; expedition at,364,365.Egerton, Lieut. George Le Clerc, R.N., officer of the watch when the ship touched the first ice,22; starts on autumn travelling,133; stage manager of the Royal Arctic Theatre,171; parts taken by,174,214; sails his sledge,231(n.); sent to open communication with “Discovery,”247; his efforts to save Petersen,249to254; second start for the “Discovery,”255; sent to the “Discovery,”345.Eider ducks,131,360.Electricity, observations on,180.Ellesmere Land,50.Eskimo, Frederic,29,128; Hans Hendrick,39,48,354; pilot,42. (SeeDogs.)Eskimos,33; at Proven,38; Cape York,48; Etah,52; traces of, in Payer Harbour,58; in Twin-glacier Bay,61,62; wanderings,67,69; Admiral Sherard Osborn and Mr. Clements Markham on wanderings of,68,69; remains on Capes Sabine, Hilgard, Louis Napoleon, Hayes, Fraser, shores of Buchanan Strait, Radmore Harbour, and Bellot Isle,69; at Admiralty Inlet and Dundas Harbour,68; at Cape Beechey,69,347; in Whale Sound,359.Etah, native village,52,69.Eugénie, H.I.H. the Empress, present of woollen caps from,7,236,239,287; visits the Arctic ships,8.Exercise during winter,181,187; for sledging crews,227,228.Falcon,362.Farewell banquets,8; to the expedition at Portsmouth,9,10,11; to the “Valorous,”35.Farewell Cape,19,23,69.Feilden, Captain, naturalist, H.M.S. “Alert,” ascends hill above Bessels Bay,101; visits Distant Cape,110; his lecture on geology,169; picks up skulls in Rawlings Bay,352. (SeeNaturalist.)Ferbrache, Wm., sledge crew, N. division, symptoms of scurvy,306.Figure-heads of the Arctic ships,4.Finner whale,20.Fire, precautions against, fire-hole,160,161; alarm of,226.Fishing on the Torske bank,25.Fiskernaes, expedition off,24.Fitting out the expedition,1to8.“Flo,” Eskimo dog, met with adrift, near Cape Joseph Henry,323.Floes. (SeeIce.)Floe-bergs, description of,114; “Alert” secured inside a fringe of,122,125; split by intense cold,211.Floe-berg Beach, depôt at,122,124; desolate scene at,126; view from,127; winter quarters at,132.Flowers. (SeeVegetation.)Foot-ball on the ice,77.Foot-gear, while sledging,260,261,268,280.Foraminifera brought up at the extreme north point,309.Fossils, collections in Bessels Bay,102; in the coal,350.Fossil plants, at Atanekerdluk,37; in the coal near Discovery Harbour,350.Foulke Port,51,56,69,330.Foxes, traces of,60,107; fox shot,354.Fox trap,68.Francombe, Reuben, H.M.S. “Alert,” parts and songs by,173.Franklin Pierce Bay,72.Fraser, Cape,55,72; Eskimo remains on,68; passed by the ships,92; meeting of the tides,93; rounded, going south,353.Frederick VII., Cape, ship in danger off,114.Frederic,29,128. (SeeEskimo.)Freezing, experiments in,223.Fresh meat,186. (Seemusk-ox, hares, Brent geese.)Frost-bites, danger of,81; Petersen frost-bitten in the autumn,129; danger of, in autumn travelling,142; many frost-bites in return autumn journey,147; Lieut. May’s severe frost-bite,148; other frost-bites and amputations,148; sufferers during the winter,198; precautions against,199,208; on the dog sledge, in journey to “Discovery,”249.“Frost-bite Range,”148.Frozen ocean,200,215; depôts cannot be laid out on,234,244; difficulty of travelling over,242; movements of,242. (SeePalæocrystic Sea, Sledgings.)Fulmar petrels,361.Gales of wind in the Atlantic,17,18; in Smith Sound,59; in Robeson Channel,119; at Floe Berg Beach,124; furious gale during autumn travelling,133,134; in winter quarters,205,206; while sledging,282,283,285,296,297; on the voyage home,366,367.Geese. (SeeBrent.)Geology, lecture on, by Captain Feilden,169.Geological collections,31,102,116,350. (SeeFossils.)
Admiralty, Lords of, visit to the Polar ships,9; satisfaction at the results of the expedition,368.
Admiralty Inlet, remains of Eskimos on shores of,68.
Albert Head,65.
Aldebaran, erratic conduct of,200.
Aldrich, Lieut. Pelham, R.N., skill in managing a kayak,30; starts on a reconnoitring expedition in the autumn,128; second autumn journey with dog-sledge,133; starts on a third autumn journey,136,137; ascends a hill near Cape Joseph Henry,147; glees by,169,216; his lecture on meteorology,169; orchestra for the Royal Arctic Theatre,171,175,214; plays the harmonium at church,187; one of his dogs lost,190; plays at Christmas,194,195; commands the extended party to the west,241; anxiety for his safety,331; return,332.
Ale, prepared specially for the expedition,17. (SeeBeer.)
“Alert,” H.M.S.,1,2; special fittings,3; departure from Portsmouth,9; leaves Berehaven,12; commencement of the voyage,15; a lively ship,17; arrival at Godhavn,26; departure from Godhavn,34; on shore,43; proceeds to Cary Islands,48; Port Foulke,51,56; perilous position of,65,91; at Hannah Island,100; in Discovery Harbour,104,108,293; on shore near Cape Beechey,112; in the palæocrystic ice,117,118; crosses the threshold of the unknown region,119; danger at Floe-berg Beach,125,134; precarious winter quarters,125,135,136; housed in,154; internal winter arrangements,156; printing establishment,165; departure of sledges from,257; scurvy breaks out on board,321; succour from, reaches N. division,325; freed from winter quarters,342; forced on shore,351; afloat again,347; at Valentia,367. (SeeWinter Quarters.)
“Alexandra,” H.M. sledge,217,259,263.
Alexandra Bay,61,63.
Amusements in winter quarters,167; importance of,163. (SeeTheatricals.)
Anonyx nugax: crustacea brought up at the extreme northern point,309(n.).
Arctic Circle crossed by the expedition,26.
Arctic Highlanders,48. (SeeEskimo.)
Arctic school,166,167,213.
Arctic theatre. (SeeTheatricals.)
“Arctic,” whaler, reminiscences of,360.
Astronomical observatory,153,180.
Astronomy, lecture on, by Captain Nares,169; by Commander Markham,169.
Atanekerdluk, fossil plants at,36.
Atlantic, gales of wind in,17,18.
Auks, Little. (SeeRotges.)
Autumn depôt. (SeeDepôts.)
Autumn travelling,128,129,133,137to150; discomfort,141; severe work,147,148; return from,148,149; results,149.
Auxiliary sledges,234.
Ayles, Adam, song by,216.
Bache Island, of Hayes, not an island,64.
Baffin, William, gave name to Woman Isles,41.
Bag (sleeping),139,233,235,240,279,283,287.
Baird Inlet,57.
Baird, Cape, stopped by ice off,103.
Banks Island, heavy pack on west coast,200.
Bantry Bay. (SeeBerehaven.)
Bardin Bay,359.
Barrow, Cape John,93.
Bears, hunt in Melville Bay,46; recent tracks,86.
Beaumont, Lieutenant, H.M.S. “Discovery,” his journey along the north coast of Greenland,346; return of,350.
Beechey, Cape, Eskimo remains at,69; lane of water in direction of,102,112,113; rounded,114.
Beer at Godhavn,363.
Bellot, Cape,103,112; Island,112,351.
Berehaven, expedition at,12.
Bessels Bay, entrance passed,100; description of,101.
Bessels, Dr., observation as to meetings of tides at Cape Fraser,92; coast-line correctly delineated by,99.
Beverley, crimson cliffs of,48.
Bide-a-wee Harbour,58. (SeePayer Harbour.)
Bills of fare,185,186,196,335. (SeePlay-bills.)
Birds of the Arctic regions,24,35,50; Brent geese,345; dovekies,50,101; eider duck,101,131,360; falcon,362; fulmar petrel,361; glaucous gulls,50; ivory gulls,50,101; kittiwakes,50; king ducks,50,332; knots,110; looms,40,50; ptarmigan,225; rotges,46,50,360; skuas,332; terns,110,332; turnstones,360.
Birthdays, celebration of,184,185.
Black, Cape,253.
Blasting the ice,87,89,90,341,349.
“Bloodhound,” H.M. sledge,259,263.
Boats for the expedition,4; search for, left by Hayes,53,55; on a sledge,58; jolly-boat of “Valorous” landed in Dobbin Bay,84; turned in on their davits owing to height of ice,90; advanced to northward of ship,133; hauled up during winter quarters,157; on sledges,242(n.); in Parry’s expedition, details of,243(n.); painted,245; care of, on sledge,279; abandonment of, by Commander Markham,288,289,318.
Boldroe, Mr., governor of Egedesminde,365.
Botanical collections,31.
Botany. (SeeVegetation.)
Bottle-nose whales,20.
Brent geese,345.
Brevoort Island,57; cairn on,356.
Brevoort Cape in sight,103.
“Bruin,” largest dog on board,210.
Bryant, Geo., H.M.S. “Discovery,” serving in the “Alert,”169.
Buchanan Strait, Eskimo remains at,69.
“Bulldog,” H.M. sledge,217,259,263.
Burroughs, Geo., ship’s steward, H.M.S. “Alert,” acts inChops of the Channel,173.
Butterflies,351.
Byam Martin Cape,360.
Cairns at the Cary Islands,49; at Life-boat Cove,53; at Cape Isabella,56; on Brevoort Island,356; ancient cairns on Washington Irving Island,85; on Hannah Island,101; at Lincoln Bay,117; at the “Alert’s” winter quarters,284.
Cairn Hill,219,220,221,225; cairn built,341.
Cane, Frederick, armourer, H.M.S. “Alert,” songs by,169,215.
Carl Ritter Bay,99.
Cary Islands,48; depôt on,49,84.
Castletown. (SeeBerehaven.)
Cave in the snow,350.
Cetaceans, various kinds,20,21.
“Challenger,” H.M. sledge,217,259.
Chlorine observations,180.
Chops of the Channel, play acted by the men,173.
Chorus, grand palæocrystic,216.
Christmas in the Arctic regions,192to197; bill of fare,196; poem on,196.
Clavering, Captain, Eskimo seen by, on east coast of Greenland,69.
“Clements Markham,” H.M. sledge,217; starts for “Discovery,”248.
Clements Markham Inlet,288.
Clothing during winter,159,160; sledging,239. (SeeFoot-gear.)
Coal, discovery of,350; offer of, at Egedesminde,363.
Cod-fish,21,25,365.
Colan, Dr., H.M.S. “Alert,” his lecture on food in the Arctic regions,169; medical instructions to officers of sledges,238; skilful treatment of Petersen,255; attention to scurvy patients,333,338,345.
Cold, extreme,208,222,224. (SeeTemperature.)
Collinson, Cape,94.
Cook, while sledging,235,265.
Cooking apparatus, weight,233; description,235.
Copenhagen, letters sent out from,363.
Coppinger, Dr., H.M.S. “Discovery,” state of lime-juice found by, in Polaris Bay,305; journey with Lieut. Beaumont,346.
Cress. (SeeMustard and Cress.)
Crimson cliffs of Beverley,48.
Crinoids dredged up,73.
Crow’s-nest, description,3; Captain Nares constantly in,66; a cold berth,98.
Crozier Island passed,98.
Crustaceans dredged up at the extreme northern point,309.
Cryolite mine in Greenland,20.
Crystal Palace Glacier,50.
Dancing at Christmas,197; old year,204.
Darkness, approach of,127; in sledge travelling,141; in winter,178,182; monotony of,207.
Davis, John, musicians in the expedition of,8; gave name to Cape Desolation,22,23.
Davis Strait,18,19,20.
Daylight. (SeeLight.)
Deaths. (SeePetersen, Porter, “Discovery.”)
Depôts on Cary Isles,49; Cape Isabella,56; Dobbin Bay,85,353; Cape Collinson,95; Cape Morton,102; Lincoln Bay,117,248; Floe-berg Beach,122,124; near Cape Joseph Henry,147,149,263,321; to southward of Floe Berg Beach for “Discovery” sledges,255; for sledge parties,234.
“Deptford,” snow storehouse so called,154.
Desolation, Cape,22.
Diptera,351.
Disco,6,18,34,358,362; tradition of,33,34; view from hills of,31. (SeeGodhavn.)
Disco Bay,31.
“Discovery,” H.M.S.,95; departure from Portsmouth,9; commencement of voyage,15; sighted off Greenland coast,25; towed by the “Alert,”41; following,45; sent to communicate with natives at Cape York,48; at Port Foulke,56; perilous position,65; grounds off Cape Louis Napoleon,90; in great danger,91; blown from her anchors,95; lands a depôt at Cape Morton,100; in harbour,104; winter quarters of,107; sledge crew from, joins the “Alert,”108; theatre on board,174; a health to,217; depôts laid out for sledges of,227; work of sledge parties,242; arrangement for opening communication with, from “Alert,”246,255; to return to England,330; joined by “Alert,”344,345; scurvy among crew of,346; two deaths,346; rendezvous at Queenstown,367.
Discovery Harbour,104,106,112; “Alert” arrives at,347.
Distant, Cape, walk to,110; “Alert” passes,112.
Divine service,187; on Christmas day,195; before sledges start,258,259.
Dobbin Bay,83,86; depôt at,84,353.
Dock cut in the ice at Dobbin Bay,86.
Dockyard. (SeePortsmouth.)
Dog-driver. (SeePetersen.)
Dogs, Eskimo,29,38,78,79; disease,79; wailing,88; habits,130; sledging,80,81,128; dog “Sallie” lost and found,190,191; alarm of during winter,199; nearly steal musk-ox beef,207; alarm caused by,210; regularly fed,210; team sent with sledge to “Discovery,”247,255; trouble with,253. (SeeBruin, Sallie, Flo, Nellie.)
Dovekies,50,101,115.
Draba,57,340.
Dredging,25,73,102.
Driftwood,112.
Drip. (SeeSnow.)
Drip, inconvenience of, in winter,182.
Ducks. (SeeBirds.)
Dumb-bell Bay,131.
Dundas Harbour, remains of Eskimos at,68.
D’Urville, Cape, passed,83.
Edinburgh, H.R.H. the Duke of, visit to Arctic ships,8.
Egedesminde, offer of coals at,363; expedition at,364,365.
Egerton, Lieut. George Le Clerc, R.N., officer of the watch when the ship touched the first ice,22; starts on autumn travelling,133; stage manager of the Royal Arctic Theatre,171; parts taken by,174,214; sails his sledge,231(n.); sent to open communication with “Discovery,”247; his efforts to save Petersen,249to254; second start for the “Discovery,”255; sent to the “Discovery,”345.
Eider ducks,131,360.
Electricity, observations on,180.
Ellesmere Land,50.
Eskimo, Frederic,29,128; Hans Hendrick,39,48,354; pilot,42. (SeeDogs.)
Eskimos,33; at Proven,38; Cape York,48; Etah,52; traces of, in Payer Harbour,58; in Twin-glacier Bay,61,62; wanderings,67,69; Admiral Sherard Osborn and Mr. Clements Markham on wanderings of,68,69; remains on Capes Sabine, Hilgard, Louis Napoleon, Hayes, Fraser, shores of Buchanan Strait, Radmore Harbour, and Bellot Isle,69; at Admiralty Inlet and Dundas Harbour,68; at Cape Beechey,69,347; in Whale Sound,359.
Etah, native village,52,69.
Eugénie, H.I.H. the Empress, present of woollen caps from,7,236,239,287; visits the Arctic ships,8.
Exercise during winter,181,187; for sledging crews,227,228.
Falcon,362.
Farewell banquets,8; to the expedition at Portsmouth,9,10,11; to the “Valorous,”35.
Farewell Cape,19,23,69.
Feilden, Captain, naturalist, H.M.S. “Alert,” ascends hill above Bessels Bay,101; visits Distant Cape,110; his lecture on geology,169; picks up skulls in Rawlings Bay,352. (SeeNaturalist.)
Ferbrache, Wm., sledge crew, N. division, symptoms of scurvy,306.
Figure-heads of the Arctic ships,4.
Finner whale,20.
Fire, precautions against, fire-hole,160,161; alarm of,226.
Fishing on the Torske bank,25.
Fiskernaes, expedition off,24.
Fitting out the expedition,1to8.
“Flo,” Eskimo dog, met with adrift, near Cape Joseph Henry,323.
Floes. (SeeIce.)
Floe-bergs, description of,114; “Alert” secured inside a fringe of,122,125; split by intense cold,211.
Floe-berg Beach, depôt at,122,124; desolate scene at,126; view from,127; winter quarters at,132.
Flowers. (SeeVegetation.)
Foot-ball on the ice,77.
Foot-gear, while sledging,260,261,268,280.
Foraminifera brought up at the extreme north point,309.
Fossils, collections in Bessels Bay,102; in the coal,350.
Fossil plants, at Atanekerdluk,37; in the coal near Discovery Harbour,350.
Foulke Port,51,56,69,330.
Foxes, traces of,60,107; fox shot,354.
Fox trap,68.
Francombe, Reuben, H.M.S. “Alert,” parts and songs by,173.
Franklin Pierce Bay,72.
Fraser, Cape,55,72; Eskimo remains on,68; passed by the ships,92; meeting of the tides,93; rounded, going south,353.
Frederick VII., Cape, ship in danger off,114.
Frederic,29,128. (SeeEskimo.)
Freezing, experiments in,223.
Fresh meat,186. (Seemusk-ox, hares, Brent geese.)
Frost-bites, danger of,81; Petersen frost-bitten in the autumn,129; danger of, in autumn travelling,142; many frost-bites in return autumn journey,147; Lieut. May’s severe frost-bite,148; other frost-bites and amputations,148; sufferers during the winter,198; precautions against,199,208; on the dog sledge, in journey to “Discovery,”249.
“Frost-bite Range,”148.
Frozen ocean,200,215; depôts cannot be laid out on,234,244; difficulty of travelling over,242; movements of,242. (SeePalæocrystic Sea, Sledgings.)
Fulmar petrels,361.
Gales of wind in the Atlantic,17,18; in Smith Sound,59; in Robeson Channel,119; at Floe Berg Beach,124; furious gale during autumn travelling,133,134; in winter quarters,205,206; while sledging,282,283,285,296,297; on the voyage home,366,367.
Geese. (SeeBrent.)
Geology, lecture on, by Captain Feilden,169.
Geological collections,31,102,116,350. (SeeFossils.)