E. A. Poe.
Out"rig`ger,n.(Aëronautics)A projecting frame used to support the elevator or tail planes, etc.
O`ver*cast",v. t.(Bookbinding)To fasten, as single sheets, by overcast stitching or by folding one edge over another.
O`ver*de*vel"op (?),v. t.To develop excessively; specif.(Photog.), to subject (a plate or film) too long to the developing process.
O"ver*draft` (?),n.(Banking)The act of overdrawing; also, the amount or sum overdrawn.
O`ver*ex*pose" (?),v. t.To expose excessively; specif.(Photog.), to subject (a plate or film) too long to the actinic action of the light used in producing a picture. -- O`ver*ex*po"sure (#),n.
O"ver*glaze` (?),a.(Ceramics)(a)Applied over the glaze; -- said of enamel paintings, which sometimes are seen to project from the surface of the ware.(b)Suitable for applying upon the glaze; -- said of vitrifiable colors used in ceramic decoration.
{ O"ver*head" charges, expenses, etc. }(Accounting)Those general charges or expenses in any business which cannot be charged up as belonging exclusively to any particular part of the work or product, as where different kinds of goods are made, or where there are different departments in a business; -- called alsofixed,establishment, or (in a manufacturing business)administration,selling, anddistribution,charges, etc.
O"ver*man (?),n.;pl.- men(&?;).1.One in authority over others; a chief; usually, an overseer or boss.
2.An arbiter.
3.In the philosophy of Nietzsche, a man of superior physique and powers capable of dominating others; one fitted to survive in an egoistic struggle for the mastery.
O"ver*shot`,a.(Zoöl.)Having the upper teeth projecting beyond the lower; -- said of the jaws of some dogs.
O"ver*wear` (?),n.Clothing worn over the ordinary indoor closing, as overcoats, wraps, etc.
O"vism (?),n.[Ovum +- ism.](Zoöl.)The old theory that the egg contains the whole embryo of the future organism and the germs of all subsequent offsprings and is merely awakened to activity by the spermatozoön; -- opposed tospermismoranimalculism.
O"vist (?),n.(Zoöl.)A believer in ovism.
Ox`y*hy"dro*gen (?),a.[Oxy-+hydrogen.](Chem.)Of, pertaining to, or consisting of, a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen at over 5000° F.
Oxyhydrogen light. A light produced by the incandescence of some substances, esp. lime, in the oxyhydrogen flame. Coal gas (producing theoxygas light), or the vapor of ether (oxyether light) or methylated spirit (oxyspirit light), may be substituted for hydrogen.
O"zone pa"per.(Chem.)Paper coated with starch and potassium iodine. It turns blue when exposed to ozone.>-- also called starch-iodide paper -->
P.
{ Pa*chi"si (?),n.Commonly spelt Par*che"si, Par*chi"si (?) }. A game adopted from the Indian game, using disks, as of pasteboard, and dice. [U. S. & Eng.]
Pa*chu"ca tank (?).(Metallurgy)A high and narrow tank, with a central cylinder for the introduction of compressed air, used in the agitation and settling of pulp (pulverized ore and water) during treatment by the cyanide process; -- so named because, though originally devised in New Zealand, it was first practically introduced in Pachuca, Mexico.
||Pa*ci"fi*co (?),n.[Sp. See Pacific.] A peaceful person; -- applied specif. by the Spaniards to the natives in Cuba and the Philippine Islands who did not oppose the Spanish arms.
While we were going through the woods one of thepacificospointed to a new grave.
While we were going through the woods one of thepacificospointed to a new grave.
Harper's Weekly.
Pack,n.1.(Med.)In hydropathic practice, a wrapping of blankets or sheets calleddry pack,wet pack,cold pack, etc., according to the condition of the blankets or sheets used, put about a patient to give him treatment; also, the fact or condition of being so treated.
2.(Rugby Football)The forwards who compose one half of the scrummage; also, the scrummage.
Pack and primeroad or way, a pack road or bridle way.
Pack,v. t.To cover, envelop, or protect tightly with something; specif.(Hydropathy), to envelop in a wet or dry sheet, within numerous coverings.
Pack"er,n.A ring of packing or a special device to render gas-tight and water-tight the space between the tubing and bore of an oil well. [U. S.]
Pad elephant. An elephant that is furnished with a pad for carrying burdens instead of with a howdah for carrying passengers.
||Pa"dre (?),n.; pl. Sp. & Pg.Padres(#); It.Padri(#). [Sp., Pg., & It., fr. L.paterfather. See Father.]1.A Christian priest or monk; -- used in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Spanish America.
2.In India (from the Portuguese), any Christian minister; also, a priest of the native region.Kipling.
Pa*go"da sleeve.(Costume)A funnel-shaped sleeve arranged to show the sleeve lining and an inner sleeve.
||Pail`lon" (?),n.; pl.- lions(#). [F., fr.paillestraw.] A thin leaf of metal, as for use in gilding or enameling, or to show through a translucent medium.
Pa*ja"mas (?),n. pl.[Hind.p-jma,pejma, lit., leg closing.] Originally, in India, loose drawers or trousers, such as those worn, tied about the waist, by Mohammedan men and women; by extension, a similar garment adopted among Europeans, Americans, etc., for wear in the dressing room and during sleep; also, a suit consisting of drawers and a loose upper garment for such wear.
Pal"a*mate (?),a.[From Palma.](Zoöl.)Web-footed.
Pal`i*sade",n.A line of bold cliffs, esp. one showing basaltic columns; -- usually inpl., and orig. used as the name of the cliffs on the west bank of the lower Hudson.
Palm,v. t.To "grease the palm" of; to bribe or tip. [Slang]
Palm"er (?),n.1.(Zoöl.)A palmerworm.
2.(Angling)Short forPalmer fly, an artificial fly made to imitate a hairy caterpillar; a hackle.
Pal*met"to flag. Any of several flags adopted by South California after its secession. That adopted in November, 1860, had a green cabbage palmetto in the center of a white field; the final one, January, 1861, had a white palmetto in the center of a blue field and a white crescent in the upper left-hand corner.
Palmetto State. South California; -- a nickname alluding to the State Arms, which contain a representation of a palmetto tree.
||Pa"lo (?),n.[Sp. See Pale a stake.] A pole or timber of any kind; -- in the names of trees. [Sp. Amer.]
||Pa"lo blan"co (?). [Sp.blancowhite.](a)A western American hackberry (Celtis reticulata), having light-colored bark.(b)A Mexican mimosaceous tree (Lysiloma candida), the bark of which is used in tanning.
{ Pa*lo"lo (?),n., or Palolo worm }. [From native name.] A polystome worm (Palolo viridis) that burrows in the coral reefs of certain of the Pacific Islands. A little before the last quarter of the moon in October and November, they swarm in vast numbers at the surface of the sea for breeding, and are gathered and highly esteemed as food by the natives. An allied species inhabits the tropical Atlantic and swarms in June or July.
Pan`a*ma"ni*an (?),a.Of or pert. to Panama. --n.A native or citizen of Panama.
Pan-American Congress. Any of several meetings of delegates from various American states; esp.:(a)One held in 1889-90 in the United States, at which all the independent states except Santo Domingo were represented and of which the practical result was the establishment of the Bureau of American Republics for the promotion of trade relations.(b)One held in Mexico in 1901-1902.(c)One held at Rio de Janeiro in 1906.
Pan-A*mer"i*can*ism,n.The principle or advocacy of a political alliance or union of all the states of America.
||Pan*ath`e*næ"a (?),n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. &?;; &?;, &?;, all + &?; Athena.] The most ancient and important festival of Athens, celebrated in honor of Athena, the tutelary goddess of the city.
Pan"el (?),n.(Aëronautics)A segment of an aëroplane wing. In a biplane the outer panel extends from the wing tip to the next row of posts, and is trussed by oblique stay wires.
Pan"han`dle (?),n.The handle of a pan; hence, fig., any arm or projection suggestive of the handle of a pan; as, thepanhandleof West Virginia, Texas, or Idaho.
Panhandle State. West Virginia; -- a nickname.
||Panne (?),n.[F.] A fabric resembling velvet, but having the nap flat and less close.
Pan*psy"chism (?),n.[See Pan-; Psychic.] The theory that all nature is psychical or has a psychical aspect; the theory that every particle of matter has a psychical character or aspect. -- Pan*psy"chic (#),a.-- Pan*psy"chist (#),n.-- Pan`psy*chis"tic (#),a.
Fechner affords a conspicuous instance of the idealistic tendency to mysterize nature in hispanpsychicism, or that form of noumenal idealism which holds that the universe is a vast communion of spirits, souls of men, of animals, of plants, of earth and other planets, of the sun, all embraced as different members in the soul of the world.
Fechner affords a conspicuous instance of the idealistic tendency to mysterize nature in hispanpsychicism, or that form of noumenal idealism which holds that the universe is a vast communion of spirits, souls of men, of animals, of plants, of earth and other planets, of the sun, all embraced as different members in the soul of the world.
Encyc. Brit.
{ Pa"pri*ka (?),n.Also Pa"pri*ca }. [Hung.paprikaTurkish pepper; prob. through G.] The dried ripened fruit ofCapsicum annuumor various other species of pepper; also, the mildly pungent condiment prepared from it.
Par (?),n.1.An amount which is taken as an average or mean. [Eng.]
2.(Golf)The number of strokes required for a hole or a round played without mistake, two strokes being allowed on each hole for putting.Parrepresents perfect play, whereasbogeymakes allowance on some holes for human frailty. Thus ifparfor a course is 75,bogeyis usually put down, arbitrarily, as 81 or 82.
Pa*rá" (?),n.1.The southern arm of the Amazon in Brazil; also, a seaport on this arm.
2.Short for Pará rubber.
{ ||Par`a-an`æs*the"si*a, -an`es*the"si*a } (?),n.[NL.;para-+anæsthesia.](Med.)Anæsthesia of both sides of the lower half of the body.
Pará cress. An annual asteraceous herb (Spilances oleracea) grown in tropical countries as a pungent salad, and also used medicinally.
||Par`a*gen"e*sis (?),n.[NL.;para-+genesis.](Geol.)(a)The formation of minerals in contact, so as to affect one another's development.(b)The order in which minerals occurring together in rocks and veins have developed.
Pará grass.(a)A tall rather coarse grass (Panicum molle) grown in the tropics for pasturage, and introduced into the southern United States.(b)Piassaba fiber.
Par"a*kite` (?),n.[Para-+kite.] A train or series of kites on one string and flying tandem, used for attaining great heights and for sending up instruments for meteorological observations or a man for military reconnoissance; also, a kite of such a train.
||Par`al*ge"si*a (?),n.[NL.;para-+ Gr. 'a`lghsis sense of pain.](Med.)Disordered sensibility to pain, including absence of sensibility to pain, excessive sensibility to pain, and abnormal painful results of stimuli. -- Par`al*ge"sic (#),a.
Par"al*lel,n.(Elec.)That arrangement of an electrical system in which all positive poles, electrodes, terminals, etc., are joined to one conductor, and all negative poles, etc., to another conductor; -- called alsomultiple. Opposed toseries.
Parts of a system so arranged are said to bein parallelorin multiple.
Parallel standards.(Numismatics)Two or more metals coined without any attempt by the government to regulate their values.
Parallel sulcus.(Anat.)A sulcus parallel to, but some distance below, the horizontal limb of the fissure of Sylvius.
Parallel transformer.(Elec.)A transformer connected in parallel.
Parallel vise. A vise with jaws so guided as to remain parallel.
||Par`a*noi"a (?),n.(Med.)A chronic form of insanity characterized by very gradual impairment of the intellect, systematized delusion, and usually by delusious of persecution or mandatory delusions producing homicidal tendency. In its mild form paranoia may consist in the well-marked crotchetiness exhibited in persons commonly called "cranks." Paranoiacs usually show evidences of bodily and nervous degeneration, and many have hallucinations, esp. of sight and hearing.
Par`a*noi"ac (?),a.(Med.)Of or pertaining to paranoia; affected with, or characteristic of, paranoia.
Par`a*noi"ac,n.A person affected with paranoia.
Pará nut. The Brazil nut.
Pará rubber. The caoutchouc obtained from the South American euphorbiaceous treeHevea brasiliensis, hence called the Pará rubber tree, from the Brazilian river and seaport named Pará; also, the similar product of other species ofHevea. It is usually exported in flat round cakes, and is a chief variety of commercial India rubber.
||Par"a*shah (?),n.; pl.- shoth(#) or-shioth(#). [Heb.prshh.] A lesson from the Torah, or Law, from which at least one section is read in the Jewish synagogue on every Sabbath and festival.
||Par"a*shoth,n.;pl.of Parashah.
Par"cel post. That branch of the post office having to do with the collection, transmission, and delivery of parcels. The British Inland Parcel Post was established in 1883. The present rates, dating from 1897, are 3d. for parcels not exceeding one pound and 1d. for each additional pound up to the limit of 10 pounds. A general parcel post was established in the United States by Act of August 24, 1912, which took effect Jan. 1, 1913. Parcels must not exceed 11 pounds in weight nor 72 inches in length and girth combined. Provision is made from insuring parcels up to $50.00, and also for sending parcels C.O.D. The rates of postage vary with the distance. See Zone, below.
Par*chee"si,n.See Pachisi.
Parch"ment*ize (?),v. t.[imp. & p. p.-ized (?);p. pr. & vb. n.-izing (?).] To convert to a parchmentlike substance, esp. by sulphuric acid.
Par*fleche" (?),n.[Prob. through Canadian F. fr. Amer. Indian.] A kind of rawhide consisting of hide, esp. of the buffalo, which has been soaked in crude wood-ash lye to remove the hairs, and then dried.
Par*fo"cal (?),a.[Pari-+focal.](Opt.)With the lower focal points all in the same plane; -- said of sets of eyepieces so mounted that they may be interchanged without varying the focus of the instrument (as a microscope or telescope) with which they are used.
Park,n.Any place where vehicles are assembled according to a definite arrangement; also, the vehicles.
Park,v. t.1.To bring together in a park, or compact body; as, toparkartillery, wagons, automobiles, etc.
2.In oyster culture, to inclose in a park.
Park,v. i.To promenade or drive in a park; also, of horses, to display style or gait on a park drive.
{ Par"ka (?), Par"kee (?) },n.[Russ.parka,parki, dim. ofparaa pair, fr. G.paar, L.par. Cf. Pair.] An outer garment made of the skins of birds or mammals, worn by Eskimos, etc.
Par"lor match`. A friction match that contains little or no sulphur.
Par*nas"sian (?),n.[F.parnassien.] One of a school of French poets of the Second Empire (1852-70) who emphasized metrical form and made the little use of emotion as poetic material; -- so called from the name (Parnasse contemporain) of the volume in which their first poems were collected in 1866.
||Par`nas`si`en" (?),n.[F.] Same as Parnassian.
Par"nell*ism (?),n.(Eng. Politics)The policy or principles of the Parnellites.
Par"nell*ite (?),n.(Eng. Politics)One of the adherents of Charles Stewart Parnell (1846-91) in his advocacy of home rule for Ireland.
Par*quet" (?),n.1.In various European public bourses, the railed-in space within which the "agents de change," or privileged brokers, conduct business; also, the business conducted by them; -- distinguished from thecoulisse, or outside market.
2.In most European countries, the branch of the administrative government which is charged with the prevention, investigation, and punishment of crime, representing the public and not the individual injured.
Parquet circle. That part of the lower floor of a theater with seats at the rear of the parquet and beneath the galleries; -- called also, esp. in U. S.,orchestra circleorparterre.
||Pa`rure" (?),n.[F., OF.pareure, LL.paraura, fr. L.parareto prepare. See Pare.] An ornament or decoration for the person; esp., a decoration consisting of a set of ornaments to be used together; as, aparureof rubies or of embroideries.
Pass,n.In football, hockey, etc., a transfer of the ball, etc., to another player of one's side, usually at some distance.
Pass,v. i.In football, hockey, etc., to make pass; to transfer the ball, etc., to another player of one's own side.
Passe*men"terie (?),n.[F.] Trimmings, esp. of braids, cords, gimps, beads, or tinsel.
Pas"sen*ger mile.(Railroads)A unit of measurement of the passenger transportation performed by a railroad during a given period, usually a year, the total of which consists of the sum of the miles traversed by all the passengers on the road in the period in question.
Passenger mileage.(Railroads)Passenger miles collectively; the total number of miles traveled by passengers on a railroad during a given period.
{ Pas"sive bal*loon" or a"ër*o*plane }. One unprovided with motive power.
Passive flight. Flight, such as gliding and soaring, accomplished without the use of motive power.
Pas*teur"i*an (?),a.Of or pertaining to Pasteur.
Pas"teur*iz`er (?),n.One that Pasteurizes, specif. an apparatus for heating and agitating, fluid.
Pas`teur's" flu"id (?).(Biol.)An artificial nutrient fluid invented by Pasteur for the study of alcoholic fermentation, but used also for the cultivation of bacteria and other organisms. It contains all the elements of protoplasm, and was originally made of the ash of yeast, some ammonia compound, sugar, and water.
Pas*to"ri*um (?),n.[See Pastor; cf. Auditorium.] A parsonage; -- so called in some Baptist churches. [Southern U. S.]
Pa"ter*nos`ter (?),n.(Mining)An elevator of an inclined endless traveling chain or belt bearing buckets or shelves which ascend on one side loaded, and empty themselves at the top.
||Pa*te"si (?),n.[Assyrian.](Babylonian Antiq.)A religious as well as a secular designation applied to rulers of some of the city states of ancient Chaldea, as Lagash or Shirpurla, who were conceived to be direct representatives of the tutelary god of the place.
{ Path`o*log"ic, Path`o*log"ic*al },a.(Med.)Morbid; due to disease; abnormal; as,pathologicaltissue; apathologicalcondition.
Pa*thol"o*gy,n.(Med.)The condition of an organ, tissue, or fluid produced by disease.
Pa"thos,n.1.The quality or character of those emotions, traits, or experiences which are personal, and therefore restricted and evanescent; transitory and idiosyncratic dispositions or feelings as distinguished from those which are universal and deep-seated in character; -- opposed toethos.
2.Suffering; the enduring of active stress or affliction.
||Pa"ti*o (?),n.In Spain, Spanish America, etc., a court or courtyard of a house or other building; esp., an inner court open to the sky.
||Pâ`tis`serie" (?),n.[F.pâtisserie. See Pate.] Pastry.Sterne.
Pa*tol"li (?),n.[Mex.patollidice.] An American Indian game analogous to dice, probably originally a method of divination.
Pa"tri*ots' Day. A legal holiday in the States of Massachusetts and Maine, April 19, the anniversary of the battle of Lexington in 1775. It was first observed in 1894. [U. S.]
Pa*trol",n.See Boy Scout.
Pat"ter,n.The language or oratory of a street peddler, conjurer, or the like, hence, glib talk; a voluble harangue; mere talk; chatter; also, specif., rapid speech, esp. as sometimes introduced in songs. [Cant or Colloq.]
Pat"tern,n.(Gun.)A diagram showing the distribution of the pellets of a shotgun on a vertical target perpendicular to the plane of fire.
Pat"tin*son's proc"ess (?).(Metal.)A process of desilverizing argentiferous lead by repeated meltings and skimmings, which concentrate the silver in the molten bath, the final skimmings being nearly pure lad. The processwas invented in 1833 by Hugh LeePattinson, an English metallurgist.
Pax (?),n.Friendship, or a friend; -- esp. in the phrasesto make pax with, to make friends with,to be good pax, to be good friends; also, truce; -- used esp. interjectionally. [Eng. Schoolboy Slang]
Pay Cerps. A staff corps in the United States navy, consisting of pay directors, pay inspectors, paymasters, passed assistant paymasters, and assistant paymasters, having relative rank from captain to ensign, respectively.
{ Pay dirt, Pay rock, etc. }(Mining)Earth, rock, etc., which yields a profit to the miner. [Western U. S.]
Pay"mas`ter-gen"er*al.1.(a)(Mil.)In the United States army, an officer of the rank of brigadier general, who commands the pay department, which is charged with the payment of the officers and men.(b)(Nav.)In the United States navy, the Chief of the Bureau of Provisions and Clothing, who has charge of the payment of officers and men and their clothing and subsistence. He has the rank of rear admiral.
2.In Great Britain, an officer of the Treasury who makes all payments and disbursements, civil as well as military. He is a member of the ministry, but not of the cabinet.
Payne's process (?). A process for preserving timber and rendering it incombustible by impregnating it successively with solutions of sulphate of iron and calcium chloride in vacuo. -- Payn"ize,v. t.
Pay streak.1.(Mining)The zone, parallel to the walls of a vein, in which the ore is concentrated, or any narrow streak of paying ore in less valuable material.
2.(Oil Boring)A stratum of oil sand thick enough to make a well pay.
Peach"blow`,a.(Ceramics)Of the delicate purplish pink color likened to that of peach blooms; -- applied esp. to a Chinese porcelain, small specimens of which bring great prices in the Western countries.
Pea"cock` Throne.1.A famous throne formerly of the kings of Delhi, India, but since 1739, when it was carried off by Nadir Shah, held by the shahs of Persia (later Iran); - - so called from its bearing a fully expanded peacock's tail done in gems.
Peag (?),n.[Written alsopeage,peak,peeke.] [Prob. of North Amer. Indian origin.] A kind of aboriginal shell money, or wampum, of the Atlantic coast of the United States; -- originally applied only to polished white cylindrical beads.
Pea"nut but"ter. A paste made by mixing ground fresh roasted peanuts with a small quantity of water or oil, and used chiefly as a relish on sandwiches, etc.
{ Pea"vey Pea"vy } (?),n.[Said to be from the inventor's name.](Lumbering)A cant hook having the end of its lever armed with a spike.
Ped`i*at"ric (pd`*t"rkorpd`*t"rk),a.[Gr. pai^s, paido`s, child + 'iatrei`a healing.](Med.)Pertaining to the care and medical treatment of children.[Webster 1913 Suppl.]
Ped`i*at"rics (?),n.That branch of medical science which treats of the hygiene and diseases of children.
Ped"i*cure (?),n.[Pedi-+ L.curacare.]1.The care of the feet and nails.
2.One who cares for the feet and nails; a chiropodist. -- Ped"i*cure,v. t.-- Ped"i*cur*ism (#),n.-- Ped"i*cur*ist (#),n.
Ped"i*gree clause. A clause sometimes inserted in contracts or specifications, requiring that a material of construction, as cement, must be of a brand that has stood the test of a specified number of years' use in an important public work. [Cant, U. S.]
Ped"o*graph (?),n.[Gr. &?; ground +-graph.] An instrument carried by a pedestrian for automatically making a topographical record of the ground covered during a journey.
Pe*dol"o*gy (?),n.[Gr. &?;, &?;, child +-logy.](Med.)Pediatrics.
Ped"rail` (?),n.[See Pedi-; Rail.](Mach.)(a)A device intended to replace the wheel of a self-propelled vehicle for use on rough roads and to approximate to the smoothness in running of a wheel on a metal track. The tread consists of a number of rubber shod feet which are connected by ball-and-socket joints to the ends of sliding spokes. Each spoke has attached to it a small roller which in its turn runs under a short pivoted rail controlled by a powerful set of springs. This arrangement permits the feet to accomodate themselves to obstacles even such as steps or stairs. The pedrail was invented by one B. J. Diplock of London, Eng.(b)A vehicle, as a traction engine, having such pedrails.
Pe"dro (?),n.[From Sp.PedroPeter, L.Petrus, Gr. &?;.](Card Playing)(a)The five of trumps in certain varieties of auction pitch.(b)A variety of auction pitch in which the five of trumps counts five.
Peep sight. An adjustable piece, pierced with a small hole to peep through in aiming, attached to a rifle or other firearm near the breech; -- distinguished from anopen sight.
Peg,n.A drink of spirits, usually whisky or brandy diluted with soda water. [India]
This over, the club will be visted for a "peg," Anglice drink.
This over, the club will be visted for a "peg," Anglice drink.
Harper's Mag.
||Pei`gnoir" (?),n.[F., fr.peignerto comb, L.pectinare. See Pectinate.] A woman's loose dressing sack; hence, a loose morning gown or wrapper.
Pe"le's hair (?). [After a Hawaiian goddess associated with the crater Kilauea.] Glass threads or fibers formed by the wind from bits blown from frothy lava or from the tips of lava jets or from bits of liquid lava thrown into the air. It often collects in thick masses resembling tow.
Pel"i*can State. Louisiana; -- a nickname alluding to the device on its seal.
Pe*lisse" (?),n.A lady's or child's long outer garment, of silk or other fabric.
Pel*lag"rous (?),a.[It.pellagroso: cf. F.pellagreux.](Med.)Pertaining to, or affected with, or attendant on, pellagra; as,pellagrousinsanity.
Pe*lo"rus (?),n.[AfterPelorus, said to have been Hannibal's pilot when he left Italy.](Navig.)An instrument similar to a mariner's compass, but without magnetic needles, and having two sight vanes by which bearings are taken, esp. such as cannot be taken by the compass.
||Pe*lo"ta (?),n.[Sp., lit., ball.] A Basque, Spanish, and Spanish-American game played in a court, in which a ball is struck with a wickerwork racket.
Pel`tier" ef*fect" (?). [After Jean C. A.Peltier, French physicist, the discoverer.](Elec.)The production or absorption of heat at the junction of two metals on the passage of a current. Heat generated by the passage of the current in one direction will be absorbed if the current is reversed.
Pel`tier's" cross (?).(Elec.)A cross formed of two strips of different metals, to illustrate the Peltier effect.
Pel"ton wheel (?).(Mech.)A form of impulse turbine or water wheel, consisting of a row of double cup-shaped buckets arranged round the rim of a wheel and actuated by one or more jets of water playing into the cups at high velocity.
||Pe*lure" (?),n.[F., lit., peel, fr.pelerto peel.] A crisp, hard, thin paper, sometimes used for postage stamps.
Pel*vim"e*try (?),n.[Pelvis+-metry.](Med.)The measurement of the pelvis.
Pem"broke ta`ble (?). [FromPembroke, a town and shire in Wales.] A style of four-legged table in vogue in England, chiefly in the later Georgian period.
The characteristic which gives a table the name ofPembrokeconsists in the drop leaves, which are held up, when the table is open, by brackets which turn under the top.
The characteristic which gives a table the name ofPembrokeconsists in the drop leaves, which are held up, when the table is open, by brackets which turn under the top.
F. C. Morse.
Pem"mi*can,n.A treatise of much thought in little compass.
Pe*nang" law"yer (?). [Prob. fr. Malaypnang lar.] A kind of walking stick made from the stem of an East Asiatic palm (Licuala acutifida).
||Pen`chant" (?),n.(Card Playing)A game like bézique, or, in the game, any queen and jack of different suits held together.
Pe"ne*plain` (?),n.[L.paene,pene, almost + E.plain.](Phys. Geog.)A land surface reduced by erosion to the general condition of a plain, but not wholly devoid of hills; a base-level plain.
Pen*in"su*la State. Florida; -- a nickname.
||Pen*tath"lon (?),n.In the modern Olympic Games, a composite contest made up of a running broad jump, throwing the javelin, a 200-meter run, throwing the discus, and a 1500-meter run.
{ Pen"to*san (?),n.Also -sane (?) }. [From Pentose.](Chem.)One of a class of substances (complex carbohydrates widely distributed in plants, as in fruits, gums, woods, hay, etc.) which yield pentoses on hydrolysis.
Pen"tose (?),n.[Penta-+- ose.](Chem.)Any of a group of sugars of the formula C5H10O5, as arabinose; -- so called from the five carbon atoms in the molecule. They are not fermented by yeast.
Peo"ple's bank (?). A form of coöperative bank, such as those of Germany; -- a term loosely used for various forms of coöperative financial institutions.
People's party.(U. S. Politics)A party formed in 1891, advocating in an increase of the currency, public ownership and operation of railroads, telegraphs, etc., an income tax, limitation in ownership of land, etc.
Pep"lum (?),n.; pl. E.- lumus, L.-la. [L.] A peplos. Hence: An overskirt hanging like an ancient peplos; also, a short fitted skirt attached to a waist or coat.
Pep"per box` (?),n.A buttress on the left-hand wall of a fives court as the game is played at Eton College, England.
Per`ca*line" (?),n.[F.] A fine kind of cotton goods, usually of one color, and with a glossy surface, -- much use for linings.
Per"co*la`tor,n.1.A kind of coffee pot in which the heated water is caused to filter through the coffee and thus extract its essence.
2.(Pharmacy)An apparatus for producing an extract from a drug by percolation.
||Per di"em (?). [L.] By the day; substantively (chiefly U. S.), an allowance or amount of so much by the day.
||Père (pâr),n.[F., fr. L.pater. See Father.] Father; -- often used after French proper names to distinguish a father from his son; as, Dumaspère.
Per"go*la (?),n.[It., fr. L.pergulashed, shop, vine arbor.] Lit., an arbor or bower; specif.:(Italian art)An arbor or trellis treated architecturally, as with stone columns or similar massive structure.
||Per"go*lo (?),n.[It.] A continuous colonnade or arcade; -- applied to the decorative groups of windows, as in Venetian palazzi.
Per`i*cys*ti"tis (?),n.[NL. See Peri-, and Cystitis.](Med.)Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the bladder.
Pe*rip"ter*y (?),n.[Gr. &?; flying round about.] The region surrounding a moving body, such as the wing of a bird or a gliding aëroplane, within which cyclic or vortical motion of the air occur.
Pe*rique" (?),n.[Louisiana F.] A kind of tobacco with medium-sized leaf, small stem, tough and gummy fiber, raised in Louisiana, and cured in its own juices, so as to be very dark colored, usually black. It is marketed in tightly wrapped rolls called carottes.
Per"me*ance (?),n.[See Permeant.] Permeation; specif.(Magnetism), the reciprocal of reluctance.
Per*mit" (?),n.[Cf. Sp.palamidaa kind of scombroid fish.](a)A large pompano (Trachinotus goodei) of the West Indies, Florida, etc. It becomes about three feet long.(b)The round pompano. (T. falcatus). [Local, U. S.]
Per"mu*la`tor (?),n.(Elec.)A special form of rotary converter with stationary commutator and rotating brushes, in which the exciting field is induced by the alternating current in a short-circuited magnetic core instead of being produced by an external magnet.
{ Per*nick"et*y Per*nick"et*ty } (?),a.Finical or fussy; full of petty details. [Colloq.]
Per*pet"u*al cal"en*dar. A calendar that can be used perpetually or over a wide range of years. That of Capt. Herschel covers, as given below, dates from 1750 to 1961 only, but is capable of indefinite extension.
To find the day of the week corresponding to any date, find the small letter directly under the month and opposite the day of the month; the same small letter also appears in the vertical column that contains the number of the year, and if the line in which it stands is followed out to the right, the day of the week is found. Thus, the small letter under March and opposite 18 is b; b appears again directly over 1904, and at its right is the wordFriday. March 18 fell on Friday in 1904, and also in 1898, 1892, etc. The calendar has other uses, as for finding the months which begin on Sunday in a particular year, etc.
Per"ron (?),n.[F.](Arch.)An out-of-door flight of steps, as in a garden, leading to a terrace or to an upper story; -- usually applied to mediævel or later structures of some architectural pretensions.
Per"se*id (?),n.[From Perseus.](Astron.)One of a group of shooting stars appearing annually about the 10th of August. They are probably fragments of Swift's comet 1862 (III).
Per"si*co (?),n.= Persicot.
Per`si*enne" (pr`s*n"; - sh*n";F.pr`syn"),n.[F., fem. ofpresienPersian.] Properly, printed calico, whether Oriental or of fanciful design with flowers, etc., in Western work. Hence, as extended in English, material of a similar character.
Per`si*ennes" (-nz";F.pr`syn"),n. pl.[F.] Window blinds having movable slats, similar to Venetian blinds.
Per"sism (?),n.Ancient Persian religion, esp. as represented by the Magi.
This system we shall call'Persism', in order to free ourselves of the popular associations still connected with such terms as magism, Parseeism, and so forth; meaning by'Persism'the teaching of Zarathustra as it affected the Greek and Latin world.
This system we shall call'Persism', in order to free ourselves of the popular associations still connected with such terms as magism, Parseeism, and so forth; meaning by'Persism'the teaching of Zarathustra as it affected the Greek and Latin world.
E. Vernon Arnold.
||Pe*tite" (?),a.[F., fem. ofpetit.] Small, little; of a woman or girl, of small size and trim figure.
||Pe*tit" mal" (?). [F., lit., little sickness.](Med.)The mildest form of epilepsy, with momentary faintness or unconsciousness, but without convulsions; -- opposed togrand mal.
Pe*tune" (?),v. t.[imp. & p. p.Petuned (?);p. pr. & vb. n.Petuning.] [See Petunia.](Agric.)To spray (tobacco) with a liquid intended to produce flavor or aroma.
Phan"ar (?),n.[Turk.fanar, fr. NGr. &?; lighthouse, Gr. &?; lantern; -- from a lighthouse on a point projecting into the Golden Horn.] A quarter of Constantinople which, after the Turkish conquest of the city, became the chief Greek quarter; hence, the Greek officials of Turkey, or phanariots, as a class.
{ Pha*nar"i*ot (?),n.Also Pha*nar"i*ote (?)}. [NGr. &?;, fr.Phanar. See Phanar.] One of the Greeks of Constantinople who after the Turkish conquest became powerful in clerical and other offices under Turkish patronage.
Phan"tom,a.Being, or of the nature of, a phantom.
Phantomisles are floating in the skies.
Phantomisles are floating in the skies.
B. Taylor.
Phantom circuit.(Elec.)The equivalent of an additional circuit or wire, in reality not existing, obtained by certain arrangements of real circuits, as in some multiplex telegraph systems.
Phar`ma*co*dy*man"ics (?),n.[Gr. &?; drug + E.dynamics.] That branch of pharmacology which treats of the action and the effects of medicines.
Phase (?),n.1.(Phys. Chem.)A homogenous, physically distinct portion of matter in a system not homogeneous; as, the threephases, ice, water, and aqueous vapor. A phase may be either a single chemical substance or a mixture, as of gases.
2.(Zoöl.)In certain birds and mammals, one of two or more color variations characteristic of the species, but independent of the ordinary seasonal and sexual differences, and often also of age. Some of the herons which appear in white and colored phases, and certain squirrels which are sometimes uniformly blackish instead of the usual coloration, furnish examples. Color phases occur also in other animals, notably in butterflies.
3.(Elec.)The relation at any instant of a periodically varying electric magnitude, as electro-motive force, a current, etc., to its initial value as expressed in factorial parts of the complete cycle. It is usually expressed in angular measure, the cycle beb four right angles, or 360°. Such periodic variations are generally well represented by sine curves; and phase relations are shown by the relative positions of the crests and hollows of such curves. Magnitudes which have the same phase are said to bein phase.
Phase (?),v. t.[Cf. Feeze.] To disturb the composure of; to disconcert; to nonplus. [Colloq.]
Phase angle.(Elec.)The angle expressing phase relation.
Phase converter.(Elec.)A machine for converting an alternating current into an alternating current of a different number of phases and the same frequency.
Phase displacement.(Elec.)A charge of phase whereby an alternating current attains its maximum later or earlier. An inductance would cause a lag, a capacity would cause an advance, in phase.
{ Phase meter, or Phase"me`ter },n.(Elec.)A device for measuring the difference in phase of two alternating currents of electromotive forces.
Phase rule.(Phys. Chem.)A generalization with regard to systems of chemical equilibrium, discovered by Prof. J. Willard Gibbs. It may be stated thus:The degree of variableness (number of degrees of freedom) of a system is equal to the number of components minus the number of phases, plus two. Thus, if the components be salt and water, and the phases salt, ice, saturated solution, and vapor, the system is invariant, that is, there is only one set of conditions under which these four phases can exist in equilibrium. If only three phases be considered, the system is univariant, that is, the fixing of one condition, as temperature, determines the others.
Phase splitter.(Elec.)A device by which a single-phase current is split into two or more currents differing in phase. It is used in starting single-phase induction motors.
Phase splitting.(Elec.)The dephasing of the two parts of a single alternating current in two dissimilar branches of a given circuit.
Phas"ing (?),a.(Elec.)Pertaining to phase or differences of phase.
Phasing current. The momentary current between two alternating-current generators when juxtaposed in parallel and not agreeing exactly in phase or period.
Phasing transformer. Any of several transformers (there must be at least two) for changing phase.
{ Phe*nac"e*tin, Phe*nac"e*tine } (?),n.[Phenyl +acetic +-in.](Pharm.)A white, crystalline compound, C10H13O2N, used in medicine principally as an antipyretic.
Phe*nal"gin (?),n.[Phenyl + analgetic +-in.](Pharm.)An ammoniated compound of phenyl and acetamide, used as an analgesic and antipyretic. It resembles phenacetin in its therapeutic action.
Phe"no*cryst (?),n.[Gr. &?; to appear + &?; crystal.](Geol.)One of the prominent embedded crystals of a porphyry.
Phe*nol"o*gy (?),n.[Contracted from Phenomenology.](Biol.)The science of the relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena, as the migrations and breeding of birds, the flowering and fruiting of plants, etc. -- Phe`no*log"ic*al (#),a.-- Phe`no*log"ic*al*ly,adv.-- Phe*nol"o*gist (#),n.
Phe`nol*phthal"e*in (?),n.,orPhenol phthalein.(Chem.)A white or yellowish white crystalline substance, C20H14O4, formed by condensation of the anhydride of phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids. This reaction, being very delicate, is used as an indicator.
Phi*la"the*a (?),n.[Coined from Gr. &?; loving + &?; truth.] An international, interdenominational organization of Bible classes of young women.
Phil`har*mon"ic,n.One who loves harmony or music; also (Colloq.), short forPhilharmonic Society,concert,assemblage, or the like.
||Phleg"e*thon (?),n.[L., fr. Gr. &?;, prop. p.pr. of &?; to blaze.](Class Myth.)One of the principal rivers of Hades, in the channel of which fire flowed instead of water.
FiercePhlegethon,Whose waves of torrent fire inflame with rage.
FiercePhlegethon,Whose waves of torrent fire inflame with rage.
Milton.
Phone,n. & v. t.Colloq. for Telephone.
Phos"phine (?),n.(Dyeing)Chrysaniline, often in the form of a salt.
Phosphorus steel. A steel in which the amount of phosphorus exceeds that of carbon.
Pho"tic (?),a.[Gr. &?;, &?;, light.] Of or pert. to light; specif., relating to the production of light by the lower animals.
Photic region.(Phytogeography)The uppermost zone of the sea, which receives the most light.
Pho"tism (?),n.[Gr. &?; illumination.](Psycol.)A luminous image or appearance of a hallucinatory character.
||Pho`to*bac*te"ri*um (?),n.[NL. See Photo-, and Bacterium.](Bacteriol.)A genus including certain comma-shaped marine bacteria which emit bluish or greenish phosphorescence. Also, any microörganism of this group.
Pho`to*ce*ram"ics (?),n.Art or process of decorating pottery with photographically prepared designs. -- Pho`to*ce*ram"ic (#),a.
Pho`to*chro*mog"ra*phy (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; color +-graphy.] Art or process of printing colored photographs.
Pho`to*chro"mo*scope (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; color +-scope.]1.A device for giving shifting effects of color to a photograph. The unmounted print, made translucent, is illuminated from behind with colored light.
2.A combination of three optical lanterns for projecting objects on a screen in the colors of nature. The images of three partial photographs taken through color screens (red, green, and blue, respectively) are superimposed. Each image is given its own primary color, and these colors blend and reproduce the colors of the object.
Pho`to*chro"mo*type (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; color +-type.] A colored print made photomechanically.
Pho`to*chro"mo*type,v. t.To represent by a colored print made by any photomechanical process.
Pho`to*chro"mo*typ`y (?),n.The art of making photochromotypes.
Pho`to*chron"o*graph (?),n.[Photo-+chronograph.]1.(Physics)An instrument for recording minute intervals of time. The record is made by the power of a magnetic field, due to an electric signaling current, to turn the plane of polarization of light. A flash, coinciding in time and duration with the signal, is thus produced and is photographed on a moving plate.
2.(Astron.)An instrument for the photographic recording of star transits.
Pho`to*chro*nog"ra*phy (?),n.Art of recording or measuring intervals of time by the photochronograph. -- Pho`to*chron`o*graph"ic (#), - graph"ic*al (#),a.-- - graph"ic*al*ly,adv.
Pho`to*dy*nam"ics (?),n.[Photo-+dynamics.](Plant Physiol.)The relation of light to the movements of plants and their organs; the study of the phenomena of curvatures induced by the stimulus of light. -- Pho`to*dy*nam"ic (#), Pho`to*dy*nam"ic*al (#),a.
{ Pho`to-e*lec"tric, Pho`to-e*lec"tric*al },a.Pert. to, or capable of developing, photo- electricity.
Photo-electric cell. A cell (as one of two electrodes embedded in selenium) which by exposure to light generates an electric current.
Pho`to-e*lec*tric"i*ty,n.[Photo-+electricity.] Electricity produced by light.
Pho`to-e*lec"tro*graph,n.[See Photo-; Electrograph.](Meteor.)An electrometer registering by photography.
Pho`to-en*grave" (?),v. t.[imp. & p. p.Photo-engraved (?);p. pr. & vb. n.Photo-engraving.] [Photo-+engrave.] To engrave by a photomechanical process; to make a photo-engraving of. -- Pho`to-en*grav"er (#),n.
Pho`to-etch" (?),v. t.[imp. & p. p.Photo-etched (?);p. pr. & vb. n.Photo-etching.] [Photo-+etch.] To engrave, or make an engraving of, by any photomechanical process involving etching of the plate.
Pho`to-etch"ing,n.A photo- engraving produced by any process involving the etching of the plate.
Pho`to*gram"me*ter (?),n.[See Photogram; -meter.] A phototheodolite, or a camera designed for use in photogrammetry. -- Pho`to*gram*met"ric (#), Pho`to*gram*met"ric*al (#),a.
Pho`to*gram"me*try (?),n.[Photogram+metry.] A method of surveying or map making by photography, used also in determining the height and motions of clouds, sea waves, and the like.
Pho*tog"ra*phone (?),n.[See Photograph; -phone.] A device, consisting essentially of an electric arc and a camera, by which a series of photographs of the variations of the arc due to sound waves are obtained for reproduction by means of a selenium cell and a telephone.
Pho`to*he`li*om"e*ter (?),n.[Photo-+heliometer.](Astron.)A double- lens instrument for measuring slight variations of the sun's diameter by photography, utilizing the common chord of two overlapping images.
Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cent (?),a.[Photo-+luminescent.](Physics)Luminescent by exposure to light waves. -- Pho`to*lu`mi*nes"cence (#),n.
{ Pho*tom`e*tri"cian (?), Pho*tom"e*trist (?) },n.A specialist in photometry.
Pho`to*mez"zo*type (?),n.[Photo-+ It.mezzomiddle, half +-type.] A photomechanical process similar to collotype.
Pho`to*neph"o*graph (-nf"*grf),n.[Photo-+ Gr. ne`fos a cloud +-graph.](Meteor.)A nephoscope registering by photography, commonly consisting of a pair of cameras used simultaneously.
Pho*toph"i*lous (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; loving.](Phytogeog.)Light-loving; growing in strong light, as many plants.
Pho"to*phore (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; to bear.]1.(Med.)A form of endoscope using an electric light.
2.(Zoöl.)A light-emitting organ; specif., one of the luminous spots on certain marine (mostly deep-sea) fishes.
Pho"to*play` (?),n.A play for representation or exhibition by moving pictures; also, the moving- picture representation of a play.
Pho"to*print` (?),n.Any print made by a photomechanical process.
Pho`to*syn"the*sis (?),n.(Plant Physiol.)The process of constructive metabolism by which carbohydrates are formed from water vapor and the carbon dioxide of the air in the chlorophyll-containing tissues of plants exposed to the action of light. It was formerly calledassimilation, but this is now commonly used as in animal physiology. The details of the process are not yet clearly known. Baeyer's theory is that the carbon dioxide is reduced to carbon monoxide, which, uniting with the hydrogen of the water in the cell, produces formaldehyde, the latter forming various sugars through polymerization. Vines suggests that the carbohydrates are secretion products of the chloroplasts, derived from decomposition of previously formed proteids. The food substances are usually quickly translocated, those that accumulate being changed to starch, which appears in the cells almost simultaneously with the sugars. The chloroplasts perform photosynthesis only in light and within a certain range of temperature, varying according to climate. This is the only way in which a plant is able to organize carbohydrates. All plants without a chlorophyll apparatus, as the fungi, must be parasitic or saprophytic. -- Pho`to*syn*thet"ic (#),a.-- Pho`to*syn*thet"ic*al*ly (#),adv.
{ ||Pho`to*tax"is (?), Pho"to*tax`y (?) },n.[NL.phototaxis;photo-+ Gr. &?; an arranging.](Biol.)The influence of light on the movements of low organisms, as various infusorians, the zoöspores of certain algæ, etc.; also, the tendency to follow definite directions of motion or assume definite positions under such influence. If the migration is toward the source of light, it is termedpositive phototaxis; if away from the light,negative phototaxis. -- Pho`to*tac"tic (#),a.-- Pho`to*tac"tic*al*ly,adv.
Pho`to*te*leg"ra*phy (?),n.Telegraphy by means of light, as by the heliograph or the photophone. Also, less properly, telephotography. -- Pho`to*tel"e*graph (#),n.-- Pho`to*tel`e*graph"ic (#),a.
Pho`to*tel"e*scope (?),n.(Astron.)A telescope adapted for taking photographs of the heavenly bodies.
Pho`to*the*od"o*lite (?),n.An arrangement of two photographic cameras, the plates of which may be brought into exactly the same plane, used in surveying and map making. From the differences between two pictures taken at the same moment, measurements in all dimensions of the region may be obtained.
Pho`to*ther"a*py (?),n.(Med.)The application of light for therapeutic purposes, esp. for treating diseases of the skin. -- Pho`to*the*rap"ic (#), Pho`to*ther`a*peu"tic (#),a.
Pho`to*ther"mic (?),a.Of or pertaining to both light and heat.
Pho*tot"o*nus (?),n.(Physiol.)An irritable condition of protoplasm, resulting in movement, due to a certain intensity of light. -- Pho`to*ton"ic (#),a.
Pho`to*to*pog"ra*phy (?),n.Photogrammetry. -- Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic (#), Pho`to*top`o*graph"ic*al (#),a.
Pho`to*tri`chro*mat"ic (?),a.[Photo-+tri-+chromatic.] Designating a photomechanical process for making reproductions in natural colors by three printings.
Pho*tot"ro*pism (?),n.[Photo-+ Gr. &?; to turn.](Plant Physiol.)The tendency of growing plant organs to move or curve under the influence of light. In ordinary use the term is practically synonymous with heliotropism.
Pho`to*vis"u*al (?),a.(Optics)Of certain achromatic lenses, having the same focus for the actinic and for the brightest of the visual rays.
Phryg"i*an cap` (?). A close-fitting cap represented in Greek art as worn by Orientals, assumed to have been conical in shape. It has been adopted in modern art as the so-calledliberty cap, orcap of liberty.
||Phy`co*my*ce"tes (?),n. pl.[NL.; Gr. &?; seaweed +mycetes.](Bot.)A large, important class of parasitic or saprophytic fungi, the algal or algalike fungi. The plant body ranges from an undifferentiated mass of protoplasm to a well-developed and much-branched mycelium. Reproduction is mainly sexual, by the formation of conidia or sporangia; but the group shows every form of transition from this method through simple conjugation to perfect sexual reproduction by egg and sperm in the higher forms. -- Phy`co*my*ce"tous (#),a.
||Phy"lum,n.(Biol.)A series of animals or plants genetically connected.
Phys`i*og"ra*phy (?),n.The descriptive part of a natural science as distinguished from the explanatory or theoretic part; as, mineralphysiography.
Pi (p),n.[Gr. pi^.]1.A Greek letter (, π) corresponding to the Roman letter P.
2.Specif.:(Math.)The letter , π, as used to denote the number or quotient approximately expressing the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter; also, the quotient or the ratio itself. The value of the quotientpi, to eight decimal places, is 3.14159265. The quotientpicannot be expressed as a root of an algebraic equation; and from this fact follows the impossibility of the quadrature of the circle by purely algebraic processes, or by the aid of a ruler and compass.
Pick"-me-up`,n.A stimulant, restorative, or tonic; a bracer. [Colloq.]
{ Pick"-up, or Pick"up` },n.[Colloq., Cant. or Slang]1.Act of picking up, as, in various games, the fielding or hitting of a ball just after it strikes the ground.
2.That which picks up; specif.:(Elec.)= Brushb.
3.One that is picked up, as a meal hastily got up for the occasion, a chance acquaintance, an informal game, etc.
||Pi`cot" (?),n.[F.] One of many small loops, as of thread, forming an ornamental border, as on a ribbon.
Pic"ture (?),n.--Animated picture, a moving picture.
||Pierre`-per`du" (?),n.[F.pierre perduelost stone.] Blocks of stone or concrete heaped loosely in the water to make a foundation (as for a sea wall), a mole, etc.
Pif"fle (?),v. i.[imp. & p. p.Piffled (?);p. pr. & vb. n.Piffling (?).] To be sequeamish or delicate; hence, to act or talk triflingly or ineffectively; to twaddle; piddle. [Dial. or Slang]
Pif"fle,n.Act of piffling; trifling talk or action; piddling; twaddle. [Dial. or Slang] "Futilepiffle."Kipling.
Pi"geon*wing` (?),n.1.A wing of a pigeon, or a wing like it.
2.An old mode of dressing men's side hair in a form likened to a pigeon's wings; also, a wig similarly shaped.
3.(Dancing)A fancy step executed by jumping and striking the legs together; as, to cut apigeonwing.
4.A certain fancy figure in skating.
5.(Tempering)A color, brown shaded with purple, coming between dark brown and light blue in the table of colors in drawing the temper of hardened steel.
Pig"skin`,n.A football; -- so called because the covering is often made of pigskin. [Colloq.]
Pil"low lace. Lace made by hand with bobbins on a pillow.
||Pi*lon" (?),n.[Sp., sugar loaf.] [Sp. Amer.]1.A conical loaf of sugar.
2.A gratuity given by tradesmen to customers settling their accounts. [Southern U. S.]
||Pi*lon"ce (?),n.[Amer. Sp. See Piloncillo.] Same as Pilon. [Texas]
||Pi`lon*cil"lo (?),n.[Amer. Sp., dim. ofpilon.] Same as Pilon. [Texas]
Pi"lot,n.1.(Aëronautics)One who flies, or is qualified to fly, a balloon, an airship, or a flying machine.
2.(Mach.)A short plug at the end of a counterbore to guide the tool. Pilots are sometimes made interchangeable.
3.(Mining)The heading or excavation of relatively small dimensions, first made in the driving of a larger tunnel.
Pi"lot,v. t.(Aëronautics)To fly, or act as pilot of (an aircraft).
Pilot balloon. A small, unmanned balloon sent up to indicate the direction of air currents.
Pilot flag. The flag hoisted at the fore by a vessel desiring a pilot, in the United States the union jack, in Great Britain the British union jack with a white border.
{ Pilot lamp or light }.(Elec.)A small incandescent telltale lamp on a dynamo or battery circuit to show approximately by its brightness the voltage of the current.
Pilot valve.(Hydraulics)A small hand- operated valve to admit liquid to operate a valve difficult to turn by hand.
Pilot wheel.(Mach.)A wheel, usually with radial handles projecting from the rim, for traversing the saddle of a machine tool, esp. an automatic machine tool, by hand.
Pil"pul (?),n.[Aramaicpilpl; cf. Heb.pilpelto spice, to season, dispute violently.] Among the Jews, penetrating investigation, disputation, and drawing of conclusions, esp. in Talmudic study. -- Pil"pul*ist (#),n.-- Pil`pul*is"tic (#),a.
Pi*mien"to (?),n.[Sp.] The Spanish sweet pepper, the fruit of which is used as a vegetable, to stuff olives, etc.
Pim*o"la (?),n.An olive stuffed with a kind of sweet red pepper, or pimiento.
||Pi`ña (?),n.[Sp., orig., pineapple, pine cone.]1.(a)The pineapple.(b)Piña cloth or the fiber of which it is made.
2.Also Pi"na (pron. also&?;).(Metal.)A cone of silver amalgam prepared for retorting; also, the residuary cone of spongy silver left after the retorting.
Pin`a*ca"te bug (?). [Orig. uncert.] Any of several clumsy, wingless beetles of the genusEleodes, found in the Pacific States.
Pi`ña cloth (?). [See Piña.] A fine fabric for scarfs, handkerchiefs, embroidery, etc., woven from the fiber obtained from the leaf of the sterile pineapple plant. It is delicate, soft, and transparent, with a tinge of pale yellow.
Pinch,v. t.To seize by way of theft; to steal; also, to catch; to arrest. [Slang]Robert Barr.
Pine-tree State. Maine; -- a nickname alluding to the pine tree in its coat of arms.
Pin"-fire` (?),a.(Mil.)Having a firing pin to explode the cartridge; as, apin- firerifle.
Ping"-pong` (?),n.[Imitative.]1.An indoor modification of lawn tennis played with small bats, or battledores, and a very light, hollow, celluloid ball, on a large table divided across the middle by a net.
2.A size of photograph a little larger than a postage stamp.