Chapter 3

Ridley.

Young"ling,a.Young; youthful.Wordsworth.

Young"ly,a.[AS.geonglic.] Like a young person or thing; young; youthful. [Obs.]Shak.

Young"ly,adv.1.In a young manner; in the period of youth; early in life. [Obs.]Shak.

2.Ignorantly; weakly. [R.]

Young"ness,n.The quality or state of being young.

Young"ster (?),n.A young person; a youngling; a lad. [Colloq.] "He felt himself quite ayoungster, with a long life before him."G. Eliot.

Youngth (?),n.Youth. [Obs.]

Youngthis a bubble blown up with breath.

Spenser.

Youngth"ly,a.Pertaining to, or resembling, youth; youthful. [Obs.]Spenser.

Youn"ker (?),n.[D.jonker,jonkeer;jongyoung +heera lord, sir, gentleman. See Young,a.] A young person; a stripling; a yonker. [Obs. or Colloq.]

That sameyounkersoon was overthrown.

Spenser.

You"pon (?),n.(Bot.)Same as Yaupon.

Your (r),pron. & a.[OE.your,our,eowr,eower, AS.eówer, originally used as the gen. ofge,g, ye; akin to OFries.iuweryour, OS.iuwar, D.uw, OHG.iuwr, G.euer, Icel.yðar, Goth.izwara,izwar, and E.you. √189. See You.] The form of the possessive case of the personal pronounyou.

The possessive takes the formyourswhen the noun to which it refers is not expressed, but implied; as, this book isyours. "An old fellow ofyours."Chaucer.

Yours (ürz),pron.See the Note under Your.

Your*self" (?),pron.;pl.Yourselves(#). [Your+self.] An emphasized or reflexive form of the pronoun of the second person; -- used as a subject commonly withyou; as, youyourselfshall see it; also, alone in the predicate, either in the nominative or objective case; as, you have injuredyourself.

Of which right now ye hanyourselveheard.

Chaucer.

Ifyourselvesare old, make it your cause.

Shak.

Why should you be so cruel toyourself?

Milton.

The religious movement which youyourself, as well as I, so faithfully followed from first to last.

J. H. Newman.

Youth (th),n.;pl.Youths(ths; 264) orcollectivelyYouth. [OE.youthe,youhþe,uheðe,uweðe,eoeðe, AS.geoguð,geogoð; akin to OS.jugð, D.jeugd, OHG.jugund, G.jugend, Goth.junda.√281. See Young.]

1.The quality or state of being young; youthfulness; juvenility. "In my flower ofyouth."Milton.

Such as in his faceYouthsmiled celestial.

Milton.

2.The part of life that succeeds to childhood; the period of existence preceding maturity or age; the whole early part of life, from childhood, or, sometimes, from infancy, to manhood.

He wondered that your lordshipWould suffer him to spend hisyouthat home.

Shak.

Those who pass theiryouthin vice are justly condemned to spend their age in folly.

Rambler.

3.A young person; especially, a young man.

Sevenyouthsfrom Athens yearly sent.

Dryden.

4.Young persons, collectively.

It is fit to read the best authors toyouthfirst.

B. Jonson.

Youth"ful (?),a.1.Not yet mature or aged; young. "Twoyouthfulknights."Dryden.Also used figuratively. "Theyouthfulseason of the year."Shak.

2.Of or pertaining to the early part of life; suitable to early life; as,youthfuldays;youthfulsports. "Warm,youthfulblood."Shak."Youthfulthoughts."Milton.

3.Fresh; vigorous, as in youth.

After millions of millions of ages . . . stillyouthfuland flourishing.

Bentley.

Syn.-- Puerile; juvenile. -- Youthful, Puerile, Juvenile.Puerileis always used in a bad sense, or at least in the sense of what is suitable to a boy only; as,puerileobjections,puerileamusements, etc.Juvenileis sometimes taken in a bad sense, as when speaking of youth in contrast with manhood; as,juveniletricks; ajuvenileperformance.Youthfulis commonly employed in a good sense; as,youthfulaspirations; or at least by way of extenuating; as,youthfulindiscretions. "Some men, imagining themselves possessed with a divine fury, often fall into toys and trifles, which are onlypuerilities."Dryden."Raw,juvenilewriters imagine that, by pouring forth figures often, they render their compositions warm and animated."Blair.

-- Youth"ful*ly,adv.-- Youth"ful*ness,n.

Youth"hood (?),n.[AS.geoguðhd. See Youth, and -hood.] The quality or state of being a youth; the period of youth.Cheyne.

Youth"ly,a.[AS.geoguðlic.] Young; youthful. [Obs.] "All myyouthlydays."Spenser.

Youth"some (?),a.Youthful. [Obs.]Pepys.

Youth"y (?),a.Young. [Obs.]Spectator.

Youze (?),n.[From a native East Indian name.](Zoöl.)The cheetah.

Yow (?),pron.You. [Obs.]Chaucer.

Yowe (?),n.[See Ewe.](Zoöl.)A ewe. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]G. Eliot.

Yowl (?),v. i.[See Yawl,v. i.] To utter a loud, long, and mournful cry, as a dog; to howl; to yell.

Yowl,n.A loud, protracted, and mournful cry, as that of a dog; a howl.

Yow"ley (?),n.[Cf. Yellow.](Zoöl.)The European yellow-hammer. [Prov. Eng.]

Yox (?),v. i.See Yex. [Obs.]Chaucer.

Y*pight" (?), obs.p. p.of Pitch. See Pight.

Yp"o*cras (?),n.Hippocras. [Obs.]Chaucer.

Y"pres lace` (?). Fine bobbin lace made atYpresin Belgium, usually exactly like Valenciennes lace.

Yp*sil"i*form (?),a.[Gr. &?; &?; the name of the letter &?; +-form.](Biol.)Resembling the &?; in appearance; -- said of the germinal spot in the ripe egg at one of the stages of fecundation.

Yp"si*loid (?),a.(Anat.)In the form of the letter Y; Y-shaped.

Y*raft" (?), obs.p. p.of Reave. Bereft.Chaucer.

Yr"en (?),n.Iron. [Obs.]Chaucer.

Y*ron"ne (?), obs.p. p.of Run. Run.Chaucer.

Y*same" (?),adv.[See Same.] Together. [Obs.] "And in a bag all sorts of seedsysame."Spenser.

{ Yt, Yt (t) }, an old method of printingthat(AS.þæt,ðæt) the "y" taking the place of the old letter "thorn" (þ). Cf. Ye, the.

Y*throwe" (?), obs.p. p.of Throw.Chaucer.

Yt*ter"bic (?),a.(Chem.)Pertaining to, or derived from, ytterbium; containing ytterbium.

Yt*ter"bi*um (?),n.[NL., fr.Ytterby, in Sweden. See Erbium.](Chem.)A rare element of the boron group, sometimes associated with yttrium or other related elements, as in euxenite and gadolinite. Symbol Yb; provisional atomic weight 173.2. Cf. Yttrium.

Ytterbium is associated with other rare elements, and probably has not been prepared in a pure state.

Yt"tri*a (?),n.[NL. See Yttrium.](Chem.)The oxide, Y2O3, or earth, of yttrium.

Yt"tric (?),a.(Chem.)Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, yttrium.

Yt*trif"er*ous (?),a.Bearing or containing yttrium or the allied elements; as, gadolinite is one of theyttriferousminerals.

Yt"tri*ous (?),a.(Chem.)Same as Yttric.

Yt"tri*um (?),n.[NL., fromYtterby, in Sweden. See Erbium.](Chem.)A rare metallic element of the boron-aluminium group, found in gadolinite and other rare minerals, and extracted as a dark gray powder. Symbol Y. Atomic weight, 89. [Written alsoittrium.]

Associated with yttrium are certain rare elements, as erbium, ytterbium, samarium, etc., which are separated in a pure state with great difficulty. They are studied by means of their spark or phosphorescent spectra. Yttrium is now regarded as probably not a simple element, but as a mixture of several substances.

Yt`tro-ce"rite (?),n.(Min.)A mineral of a violet-blue color, inclining to gray and white. It is a hydrous fluoride of cerium, yttrium, and calcium.

{ Yt`tro-co*lum"bite (?), Yt`tro-tan"ta*lite (?), }n.(Min.)A tantalate of uranium, yttrium, and calcium, of a brown or black color.

||Yu (?),n.[Chin.](Min.)Jade.

Yuc"ca (?),n.(Zoöl.)See Flicker,n., 2.

||Yuc"ca (?),n.[NL., fromYuca, its name in St. Domingo.](Bot.)A genus of American liliaceous, sometimes arborescent, plants having long, pointed, and often rigid, leaves at the top of a more or less woody stem, and bearing a large panicle of showy white blossoms.

The species with more rigid leaves (asYucca aloifolia,Y. Treculiana, andY. baccata) are calledSpanish bayonet, and one with softer leaves (Y. filamentosa) is calledbear grass, andAdam's needle.

Yucca moth(Zoöl.), a small silvery moth (Pronuba yuccasella) whose larvæ feed on plants of the genus Yucca.

Yuck (?),v. i.[Cf. G.jucken, D.yeuken,joken. See Itch.] To itch. [Prov. Eng.]Grose.

Yuck,v. t.To scratch. [Prov. Eng.]Wright.

Yuck"el (?),n.(Zoöl.)Same as Yockel.

Yu"en (?),n.(Zoöl.)The crowned gibbon (Hylobates pileatus), native of Siam, Southern China, and the Island of Hainan. It is entirely arboreal in its habits, and has very long arms. the males are dark brown or blackish, with a caplike mass of long dark hair, and usually with a white band around the face. The females are yellowish white, with a dark spot on the breast and another on the crown. Called alsowooyen, andwooyen ape.

Yufts (?),n.[Russ.iufte.] Russia leather.

{ Yug (?), ||Yu"ga (?), }n.[Skr.yugaan age, a yoke. See Yoke.](Hindoo Cosmog.)Any one of the four ages,Krita, orSatya,Treta,Dwapara, andKali, into which the Hindoos divide the duration or existence of the world.

Yuke (?),v. i. & t.Same as Yuck. [Prov. Eng.]

Yu"lan (?),n.(Bot.)A species of Magnolia (M. conspicua) with large white blossoms that open before the leaves. See the Note under Magnolia.

Yule (?),n.[OE.yol,ol, AS.geól; akin togeólaDecember or January, Icel.jlYule,Ylirthe name of a winter month, Sw.julChristmas, Dan.juul, Goth.jiuleisNovember or December. Cf. Jolly.] Christmas or Christmastide; the feast of the Nativity of our Savior.

And at each pause they kiss; was never seen such ruleIn any place but here, at bonfire, or atYule.

Drayton.

Yule block, orYule log, a large log of wood formerly put on the hearth of Christmas eve, as the foundation of the fire. It was brought in with much ceremony. --Yule clog, the yule log.Halliwell. W. Irving.

Yule"tide` (?),n.Christmas time; Christmastide; the season of Christmas.

Yu"mas (?),n. pl.; sing.Yuma(&?;).(Ethnol.)A tribe of Indians native of Arizona and the adjacent parts of Mexico and California. They are agricultural, and cultivate corn, wheat, barley, melons, etc.

The a wider sense, the term sometimes includes the Mohaves and other allied tribes.

||Yunx (yks),n.[NL., fr. Gr. 'i`ygx the wryneck.](Zoöl.)A genus of birds comprising the wrynecks.

Yu"pon (?),n.(Bot.)Same as Yaupon.

Yux (?),n. & v.See Yex,n.[Obs.]

Y"vel (?),a. & adv.Evil; ill. [Obs.]Chaucer.

Y*war" (?),a.[See Aware.] Aware; wary. [Obs.] "Beywar, and his way shun."Piers Plowman.

Y*wis" (?),adv.[OE.ywis,iwis, AS.gewiscertain; akin to D.gewis, G.gewiss, and E.witto know. See Wit to know, and Y-.] Certainly; most likely; truly; probably. [Obs. or Archaic]

"Ywis," quod he, "it is full dear, I say."

Chaucer.

She answered me, "I-wisse, all their sport in the park is but a shadow to that pleasure that I find in Plato."

Ascham.

A right good knight, and true of wordywis.

Spenser.

The common formiwiswas often written with the prefix apart from the rest of the word and capitalized, as,I wis,I wisse, etc. The prefix was mistaken for the pronoun,Iandwis,wisse, for a form of the verbwitto know. See Wis, and cf. Wit, to know.

Our ship,I wis,Shall be of another form than this.

Longfellow.

Z (z;in England commonly, and in America sometimes, zd;formerly, also, z"zrd) Z, the twenty-sixth and last letter of the English alphabet, is a vocal consonant. It is taken from the Latin letter Z, which came from the Greek alphabet, this having it from a Semitic source. The ultimate origin is probably Egyptian. Etymologically, it is most closely related tos,y, andj; as in glass, glaze; E.yoke, Gr. &?;, L.yugum; E.zealous,jealous. SeeGuide to Pronunciation, §§ 273, 274.

Za (?),n.(Min.)An old solfeggio name for B flat; the seventh harmonic, as heard in the or æolian string; -- so called by Tartini. It was long considered a false, but is the true note of the chord of the flat seventh.H. W. Poole.

{ Za"ba*ism (?), Za"bism (?) },n.See Sabianism.

Za"bi*an (?),a. & n.See Sabian.

Zac"co (?),n.(Arch.)See Zocco.

||Za*chun" (?),n.(Bot.)An oil pressed by the Arabs from the fruit of a small thorny tree (Balanites Ægyptiaca), and sold to piligrims for a healing ointment.J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).

||Zaer"the (?),n.(Zoöl.)Same as Zärthe.

Zaf"fer (?),n.[F.zafre,safre; cf. Sp.zafra,safra, It.saffera, G.zaffer; all probably of Arabic origin. Cf. Zaphara.] A pigment obtained, usually by roasting cobalt glance with sand or quartz, as a dark earthy powder. It consists of crude cobalt oxide, or of an impure cobalt arseniate. It is used in porcelain painting, and in enameling pottery, to produce a blue color, and is often confounded with smalt, from which, however, it is distinct, as it contains no potash. The name is often loosely applied to mixtures of zaffer proper with silica, or oxides of iron, manganese, etc. [Written alsozaffre, and formerlyzaffree,zaffar,zaffir.]

||Zaim (?; 277),n.[Turk. & Ar.za'm.] A Turkish chief who supports a mounted militia bearing the same name.Smart.

||Zaim"et (?; 277),n.[Turk. & Ar.za'met.] A district from which a Zaim draws his revenue.Smart.

Zain (?),n.A horse of a dark color, neither gray nor white, and having no spots.Smart.

Za*lamb"do*dont (?),a.(Zoöl.)Of or pertaining to a tribe (Zalambdodonta) of Insectivora in which the molar teeth have but one V-shaped ridge.

Za*lamb"do*dont,n.One of theZalambdodonta. The tenrec, solenodon, and golden moles are examples.

||Za*mang" (?),n.(Bot.)An immense leguminous tree (Pithecolobium Saman) of Venezuela. Its branches form a hemispherical mass, often one hundred and eighty feet across. The sweet pulpy pods are used commonly for feeding cattle. Also calledrain tree.J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).

Zam"bo (?),n.;pl.Zambos(#). [See Sambo.] The child of a mulatto and a negro; also, the child of an Indian and a negro; colloquially or humorously, a negro; a sambo.

||Za"mi*a (?),n.[L.zamiaa kind of fir cone, from Gr. &?;, &?;, hurt, damage. See Plin. xvi. 44.](Bot.)A genus of cycadaceous plants, having the appearance of low palms, but with exogenous wood. See Coontie, andIllust.of Strobile.

Zam`in*dar" (?),n.[Hind.zemndr,zamndr, a landholder, Per.zamndr;zamnlanddrholding.] A landowner; also, a collector of land revenue; now, usually, a kind of feudatory recognized as an actual proprietor so long as he pays to the government a certain fixed revenue. [Written alsozemindar.] [India]

{ Zam"in*da*ry (?), Zam"in*da*ri (?) },n.The jurisdiction of a zamindar; the land possessed by a zamindar. [Written alsozemindary,zemindari.]

Za"mite (?),n.(Paleon.)A fossil cycad of the genus Zamia.

Za*mouse" (?),n.[From a native name.](Zoöl.)A West African buffalo (Bubalus brachyceros) having short horns depressed at the base, and large ears fringed internally with three rows of long hairs. It is destitute of a dewlap. Called alsoshort-horned buffalo, andbush cow.

||Zam*po"gna (?),n.[It.](Mus.)A sort of bagpipe formerly in use among Italian peasants. It is now almost obsolete. [Written alsozampugna.]

Zan"der (?),n.[Cf. D.zandsand.](Zoöl.)A European pike perch (Stizostedion lucioperca) allied to the wall-eye; -- called alsosandari,sander,sannat,schill, andzant.

Zand"mole` (?),n.[Cf. D.zandsand. See Sand, and Mole the animal.](Zoöl.)The sand mole.

Zan"te (?),n.(Bot.)See Zantewood.

Zan"te cur"rant (?). A kind of seedless grape or raisin; -- so called fromZante, one of the Ionian Islands.

Zan"te*wood` (?),n.(Bot.)(a)A yellow dyewood; fustet; -- called alsozante, andzante fustic. See Fustet, and the Note under Fustic.(b)Satinwood (Chloroxylon Swietenia).

Zan"ti*ot (?),n.A native or inhabitant of Zante, one of the Ionian Islands.

Za"ny (?),n.;pl.Zanies(#). [It.zannia buffoon, merry- andrew, orig. same asGiovanniJohn,i. e., merry John, L.Ioannes, Gr. &?;, Heb.Ykhnn, prop., the Lord graciously gave: cf. F.zani, fr. the Italian. Cf. Jenneting.] A merry-andrew; a buffoon.

Then write that I may follow, and so beThy echo, thy debtor, thy foil, thyzany.

Donne.

Preacher at once, andzanyof thy age.

Pope.

Za"ny (?),v. t.To mimic. [Obs.]

Your part is acted; give me leave at distanceTozanyit.

Massinger.

Za"ny*ism (?),n.State or character of a zany; buffoonery.Coleridge.H. Morley.

Zaph"a*ra (?),n.Zaffer.

||Za*phren"tis (?),n.[NL.](Paleon.)An extinct genus of cyathophylloid corals common in the Paleozoic formations. It is cup-shaped with numerous septa, and with a deep pit in one side of the cup.

Zap`o*til"la (?),n.(Bot.)See Sapodilla.

Zap"ti*ah (?),n.A Turkish policeman. [Written alsozaptieh.]

{ Zar`a*thus"tri*an (?), Zar`a*thus"tric (?) },a.Of or pertaining to Zarathustra, or Zoroaster; Zoroastrian.Tylor.

Zar`a*thus"trism (?),n.See Zoroastrianism.

Zar"a*tite (?),n.(Min.)[Named after Gen.Zarataof Spain.] A hydrous carbonate of nickel occurring as an emerald-green incrustation on chromite; -- called alsoemerald nickel.

||Za*re"ba (?),n.(Mil.)An improvised stockade; especially, one made of thorn bushes, etc. [Written alsozareeba, andzeriba.] [Egypt]

"Ah," he moralizes, "what wonderful instinct on the part of this little creature to surround itself with azarebalike the troops after Osman Digma."

R. Jefferies.

Zar"nich (?),n.[F., fr. Ar.az- zernkh, fr. Gr. &?;. See Arsenic.](Min.)Native sulphide of arsenic, including sandarach, or realgar, and orpiment.

||Zär"the (?),n.(Zoöl.)A European bream (Abramis vimba). [Written alsozaerthe.]

||Za"ti (?),n.(Zoöl.)A species of macaque (Macacus pileatus) native of India and Ceylon. It has a crown of long erect hair, and tuft of radiating hairs on the back of the head. Called alsocapped macaque.

||Zau*schne"ri*a (?),n.[NL., named for M.Zauschner, a Bohemian botanist.](Bot.)A genus of flowering plants.Zauschneria Californicais a suffrutescent perennial, with showy red flowers much resembling those of the garden fuchsia.

Zax (zks),n.A tool for trimming and puncturing roofing slates. [Written alsosax.]

||Za"yat (?; 277),n.A public shed, or portico, for travelers, worshipers, etc. [Burmah]

||Ze"a (z"),n.[L., a kind of grain, fr. Gr. ze`a, zeia`; cf. Skr.yavabarley.](Bot.)A genus of large grasses of which the Indian corn (Zea Mays) is the only species known. Its origin is not yet ascertained. See Maize.

Zeal (zl),n.[F.zèle; cf. Pg. & It.zelo, Sp.zelo,celo; from L.zelus, Gr. &?;, probably akin to &?; to boil. Cf. Yeast, Jealous.]

1.Passionate ardor in the pursuit of anything; eagerness in favor of a person or cause; ardent and active interest; engagedness; enthusiasm; fervor. "Ambition varnished o'er withzeal."Milton."Zeal, the blind conductor of the will."Dryden."Zeal'snever-dying fire."Keble.

I bear them record that they have azealof God, but not according to knowledge.

Rom. x. 2.

Azealfor liberty is sometimes an eagerness to subvert with little care what shall be established.

Johnson.

2.A zealot. [Obs.]B. Jonson.

Zeal,v. i.To be zealous. [Obs. & R.]Bacon.

Zeal"ant (?),n.One who is zealous; a zealot; an enthusiast. [Obs.]

To certainzealants, all speech of pacification is odious.

Bacon.

Zealed (?),a.Full of zeal; characterized by zeal. [Obs.] "Zealedreligion."Beau. & Fl.

Zeal"ful (?),a.Full of zeal. [R.]Sylvester.

Zeal"less (?),a.Wanting zeal.Hammond.

Zeal"ot (?),n.[F.zélote, L.zelotes, Gr. &?;. See Zeal.] One who is zealous; one who engages warmly in any cause, and pursues his object with earnestness and ardor; especially, one who is overzealous, or carried away by his zeal; one absorbed in devotion to anything; an enthusiast; a fanatical partisan.

Zealotsfor the one [tradition] were in hostile array againstzealotsfor the other.

Sir J. Stephen.

In Ayrshire, Clydesdale, Nithisdale, Annandale, every parish was visited by these turbulentzealots.

Macaulay.

Zea*lot"ic*al (?),a.Like, or suitable to, a zealot; ardently zealous. [R.]Strype.

Zeal"ot*ism (?),n.The character or conduct of a zealot; zealotry.

Zeal"ot*ist,n.A zealot. [Obs.]Howell.

Zeal"ot*ry (?),n.The character and behavior of a zealot; excess of zeal; fanatical devotion to a cause.

Enthusiasm, visionariness, seems the tendency of the German; zeal,zealotry, of the English; fanaticism, of the French.

Coleridge.

Zeal"ous (?; 277),a.[LL.zelosus. See Zeal.]

1.Filled with, or characterized by, zeal; warmly engaged, or ardent, in behalf of an object.

He may bezealousin the salvation of souls.

Law.

2.Filled with religious zeal. [Obs.]Shak.

-- Zeal"ous*ly,adv.-- Zeal"ous*ness,n.

Ze"bec (?),n.(Naut.)See Xebec.

Ze"bra (?),n.[Pg.zebra; cf. Sp.cebra; probably from a native African name.](Zoöl.)Either one of two species of South African wild horses remarkable for having the body white or yellowish white, and conspicuously marked with dark brown or brackish bands.

The true or mountain zebra (Equus, or Asinus, zebra) is nearly white, and the bands which cover the body and legs are glossy black. Its tail has a tuft of black hair at the tip. It inhabits the mountains of Central and Southern Africa, and is noted for its wariness and wildness, as well as for its swiftness. The second species (Equus, or Asinus, Burchellii), known asBurchell's zebra, anddauw, inhabits the grassy plains of South Africa, and differs from the preceding in not having dark bands on the legs, while those on the body are more irregular. It has a long tail, covered with long white flowing hair.

Zebra caterpillar, the larva of an American noctuid moth (Mamestra picta). It is light yellow, with a broad black stripe on the back and one on each side; the lateral stripes are crossed with withe lines. It feeds on cabbages, beets, clover, and other cultivated plants. --Zebra opossum, the zebra wolf. See under Wolf. --Zebra parrakeet, an Australian grass parrakeet, often kept as a cage bird. Its upper parts are mostly pale greenish yellow, transversely barred with brownish black crescents; the under parts, rump, and upper tail coverts, are bright green; two central tail feathers and the cheek patches are blue. Called alsocanary parrot,scallop parrot,shell parrot, andundulated parrot. --Zebra poison(Bot.), a poisonous tree (Euphorbia arborea) of the Spurge family, found in South Africa. Its milky juice is so poisonous that zebras have been killed by drinking water in which its branches had been placed, and it is also used as an arrow poison.J. Smith (Dict. Econ. Plants).--Zebra shark. Same asTiger shark, under Tiger. --Zebra spider, a hunting spider. --Zebra swallowtail, a very large North American swallow-tailed butterfly (Iphiclides ajax), in which the wings are yellow, barred with black; -- called alsoajax. --Zebra wolf. See under Wolf.

Ze"bra*wood` (?),n.(a)A kind of cabinet wood having beautiful black, brown, and whitish stripes, the timber of a tropical American tree (Connarus Guianensis).(b)The wood of a small West Indian myrtaceous tree (Eugenia fragrans).(c)The wood of an East Indian tree of the genusGuettarda.

Ze"brine (?),a.(Zoöl.)Pertaining to, or resembling, the zebra.

Ze"bu (?),n.[&?;.zébu; of uncertain origin.](Zoöl.)A bovine mammal (Ros Indicus) extensively domesticated in India, China, the East Indies, and East Africa. It usually has short horns, large pendulous ears, slender legs, a large dewlap, and a large, prominent hump over the shoulders; but these characters vary in different domestic breeds, which range in size from that of the common ox to that of a large mastiff.

Some of the varieties are used as beasts of burden, and some fore for riding, while others are raised for their milk and flesh. The Brahmin bull, regarded as sacred by the Hindoos, also belongs to this species. The male is called alsoIndian bull,Indian ox,Madras ox, andsacred bull.

Ze"bub (?),n.(Zoöl.)A large noxious fly of Abyssinia, which like the tsetse fly, is destructive to cattle.

Ze"chin (?; 277),n.See Sequin.

||Zech"stein` (?),n.[Gr., fr.zechea mine +steina stone.](Geol.)The upper division of the Permian (Dyas) of Europe. The prevailing rock is a magnesian limestone.

Zed (?),n.[F., probably through It.zeta, fr. L.zeta. See Zeta.] The letter Z; -- called alsozee, and formerlyizzard. "Zed, thou unnecessary letter!"Shak.

Zed"o*a*ry (?),n.[F.zédoaire, LL.zedoaria; cf. It.zedoaria,zettovario, Pg.zedoaria, Sp.zedoaria,cedoaria; all fr. Ar. & Per.zedw&?;r.](Med.)A medicinal substance obtained in the East Indies, having a fragrant smell, and a warm, bitter, aromatic taste. It is used in medicine as a stimulant.

It is the rhizome of different species ofCurcuma, esp.C. zedoaria, and comes in short, firm pieces, externally of a wrinkled gray, ash-colored appearance, but within of a brownish red color. There are two kinds, round zedoary, and long zedoary.

||Zee"koe (?),n.[D., sea cow, lake cow.](Zoöl.)A hippopotamus.

||Zeh"ner (?),n.[G.] An Austrian silver coin equal to ten kreutzers, or about five cents.

Ze"in (?),n.[Cf. F.zéïne. See Zea.](Chem.)A nitrogenous substance of the nature of gluten, obtained from the seeds of Indian corn (Zea) as a soft, yellowish, amorphous substance. [Formerly writtenzeine.]

Zem`in*dar" (?),n.Same as Zamindar.

{ Zem"in*da*ry (?), ||Zem"in*da*ri (?) },n.Same as Zamindary.

Zem"ni (?),n.(Zoöl.)The blind mole rat (Spalax typhlus), native of Eastern Europe and Asia. Its eyes and ears are rudimentary, and its fur is soft and brownish, more or less tinged with gray. It constructs extensive burrows.

||Ze*na"na (?),n.[Hind.zenna,zanna, fr. Per.zanna, fr.zanwoman; akin to E.queen.] The part of a dwelling appropriated to women. [India]

Zend (?),n.[See Zend-Avesta.] Properly, the translation and exposition in the Huzvâresh, or literary Pehlevi, language, of the Avesta, the Zoroastrian sacred writings; as commonly used, the language (an ancient Persian dialect) in which the Avesta is written.

||Zend`-A*ves"ta (?),n.[Properly, theAvesta, or sacred text, and itszend, or interpretation, in a more modern and intelligible language.W. D. Whitney.] The sacred writings of the ancient Persian religion, attributed to Zoroaster, but chiefly of a later date.

||Zen"dik (?),n.[Ar.zandk.] An atheist or unbeliever; -- name given in the East to those charged with disbelief of any revealed religion, or accused of magical heresies.

Ze"nick (?),n.(Zoöl.)A South African burrowing mammal (Suricata tetradactyla), allied to the civets. It is grayish brown, with yellowish transverse stripes on the back. Called alsosuricat.

Ze"nik (?),n.(Zoöl.)See Zenick.

Ze"nith (?; 277),n.[OE.senyth, OF.cenith, F.zénith, Sp.zenit,cenit, abbrev. fr. Ar.samt-urrasway of the head, vertical place;samtway, path +althe +rashead. Cf. Azimuth.]

1.That point in the visible celestial hemisphere which is vertical to the spectator; the point of the heavens directly overhead; -- opposed tonadir.

From mornTo noon he fell, from noon to dewy eve,A summer's day; and with the setting sunDropped from thezenith, like a falling star.

Milton.

2.hence, figuratively, the point of culmination; the greatest height; the height of success or prosperity.

I find myzenithdoth depend uponA most auspicious star.

Shak.

This dead of midnight is the noon of thought,And wisdom mounts herzenithwith the stars.

Mrs. Barbauld.

It was during those civil troubles . . . this aspiring family reached thezenith.

Macaulay.

Zenith distance.(Astron.)See under Distance. --Zenith sector.(Astron.)See Sector, 3. --Zenith telescope(Geodesy), a telescope specially designed for determining the latitude by means of any two stars which pass the meridian about the same time, and at nearly equal distances from the zenith, but on opposite sides of it. It turns both on a vertical and a horizontal axis, is provided with a graduated vertical semicircle, and a level for setting it to a given zenith distance, and with a micrometer for measuring the difference of the zenith distances of the two stars.

Ze"nith*al (?),a.Of or pertaining to the zenith. "The deepzenithalblue."Tyndall.

Ze"o*lite (?),n.[Gr. &?; to boil +-lite: cf. F.zéolithe.](Min.)A term now used to designate any one of a family of minerals, hydrous silicates of alumina, with lime, soda, potash, or rarely baryta. Here are included natrolite, stilbite, analcime, chabazite, thomsonite, heulandite, and others. These species occur of secondary origin in the cavities of amygdaloid, basalt, and lava, also, less frequently, in granite and gneiss. So called because many of these species intumesce before the blowpipe.

Needle zeolite, needlestone; natrolite.

Ze`o*lit"ic (?),a.Of or pertaining to a zeolite; consisting of, or resembling, a zeolite.

Ze`o*lit"i*form (?),a.Having the form of a zeolite.

Zeph"yr (?),n.[L.zephyrus, Gr. &?;, akin to &?; darkness, the dark side, west: cf. F.zéphyr.] The west wind; poetically, any soft, gentle breeze. "Soft thezephyrblows."Gray.

As gentleAszephyrsblowing below the violet.

Shak.

Zephyr cloth, a thin kind of cassimere made in Belgium; also, a waterproof fabric of wool. --Zephyr shawl, a kind of thin, light, embroidered shawl made of worsted and cotton. --Zephyr yarn, orworsted, a fine, soft kind of yarn or worsted, - - used for knitting and embroidery.

||Zeph"y*rus (?),n.[L. See Zephyr.] The west wind, or zephyr; -- usually personified, and made the most mild and gentle of all the sylvan deities.

Mild as whenZephyruson Flora breathes.

Milton.

Ze"quin (?),n.See Sequin.

||Zer"da (?),n.[Of African origin.](Zoöl.)The fennec.

||Ze*ri"ba (?),n.(Mil.)Same as Zareba.

Ze"ro (?),n.;pl.Zeros(#) orZeroes. [F.zéro, from Ar.çafrun,çifrun, empty, a cipher. Cf. Cipher.]

1.(Arith.)A cipher; nothing; naught.

2.The point from which the graduation of a scale, as of a thermometer, commences.

Zeroin the Centigrade, or Celsius thermometer, and in the Réaumur thermometer, is at the point at which water congeals. The zero of the Fahrenheit thermometer is fixed at the point at which the mercury stands when immersed in a mixture of snow and common salt. In Wedgwood's pyrometer, the zero corresponds with 1077° on the Fahrenheit scale. SeeIllust.of Thermometer.

3.Fig.: The lowest point; the point of exhaustion; as, his patience had nearly reachedzero.

Absolute zero. See under Absolute. --Zero method(Physics), a method of comparing, or measuring, forces, electric currents, etc., by so opposing them that the pointer of an indicating apparatus, or the needle of a galvanometer, remains at, or is brought to, zero, as contrasted with methods in which the deflection is observed directly; -- called alsonull method. --Zero point, the point indicating zero, or the commencement of a scale or reckoning.

Zest (?),n.[F.zeste, probably fr. L.schistossplit, cleft, divided, Gr. &?;, from &?; to split, cleave. Cf. Schism.]

1.A piece of orange or lemon peel, or the aromatic oil which may be squeezed from such peel, used to give flavor to liquor, etc.

2.Hence, something that gives or enhances a pleasant taste, or the taste itself; an appetizer; also, keen enjoyment; relish; gusto.

Almighty Vanity! to thee they oweTheirzestof pleasure, and their balm of woe.

Young.

Liberality of disposition and conduct gives the highestzestand relish to social intercourse.

Gogan.

3.The woody, thick skin inclosing the kernel of a walnut. [Obs.]

Zest,v. t.[imp. & p. p.Zested;p. pr. & vb. n.Zesting.]

1.To cut into thin slips, as the peel of an orange, lemon, etc.; to squeeze, as peel, over the surface of anything.

2.To give a relish or flavor to; to heighten the taste or relish of; as, tozestwine.Gibber.

||Ze"ta (?),n.[L., from Gr. &?;. Cf. Zed.] A Greek letter [ζ] corresponding to ourz.

Ze*tet"ic (?),a.[Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to seek: cf. F.zététique.] Seeking; proceeding by inquiry.

Zetetic method(Math.), the method used for finding the value of unknown quantities by direct search, in investigation, or in the solution of problems. [R.]Hutton.

Ze*tet"ic,n.A seeker; -- a name adopted by some of the Pyrrhonists.

Ze*tet"ics (?),n.[See Zetetic,a.](Math.)A branch of algebra which relates to the direct search for unknown quantities. [R.]

Zeu"glo*don (?),n.[Gr. &?; the strap or loop of a yoke + &?;, &?;, tooth.](Paleon.)A genus of extinct Eocene whales, remains of which have been found in the Gulf States. The species had very long and slender bodies and broad serrated teeth. See Phocodontia.

Zeu"glo*dont (?),(Zoöl.)Any species of Zeuglodonta.

||Zeu`glo*don"ta (?),n. pl.[NL.](Zoöl.)Same as Phocodontia.

Zeug"ma (?),n.[L., from Gr. &?;, fr. &?; to yoke, join. See Yoke.](Gram.)A figure by which an adjective or verb, which agrees with a nearer word, is, by way of supplement, referred also to another more remote; as, "hic illiusarma, hiccurrus fuit;" wherefuit, which agrees directly withcurrus, is referred also toarma.

Zeug*mat"ic (?),a.Of or pertaining to zeugma; characterized by zeugma.

||Zeu`go*bran`chi*a"ta (?),n. pl.[NL., fr. Gr. &?; to yoke + &?; a gill.](Zoöl.)Same as Zygobranchia.

Zeus (?),n.(Gr. Myth.)The chief deity of the Greeks, and ruler of the upper world (cf. Hades). He was identified withJupiter.

Zeu*ze"ri*an (?),n.(Zoöl.)Any one of a group of bombycid moths of which the genusZeuzerais the type. Some of these moths are of large size. The goat moth is an example.

Zey"lan*ite (?),n.(Min.)See Ceylanite.

{ Zib"et, Zib"eth } (?),n.[Cf. It.zibetto. See Civet.](Zoöl.)A carnivorous mammal (Viverra zibetha) closely allied to the civet, from which it differs in having the spots on the body less distinct, the throat whiter, and the black rings on the tail more numerous.

It inhabits India, Southern China, and the East Indies. It yields a perfume similar to that of the civet. It is often domesticated by the natives, and then serves the same purposes as the domestic cat. Called alsoAsiatic, or Indian, civet.

Zie"ga (?),n.Curd produced from milk by adding acetic acid, after rennet has ceased to cause coagulation.Brande & C.

Zie`tri*si"kite (?),n.(Min.)A mineral wax, vert similar to ozocerite. It is found atZietrisika, Moldavia, whence its name.

||Zif (?),n.[Heb.ziv.] The second month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, corresponding to our May.

{ Zig"ger, Zig"hyr } (?),v. i.(Mining)Same as Sicker. [Prov. Eng.]Raymond.

Zig"zag` (?),n.[F.zigzag, G.zickzack, fromzacke,zacken, a dentil, tooth. Cf. Tack a small nail.]

1.Something that has short turns or angles.

The fanatics going straight forward and openly, the politicians by the surer mode ofzigzag.

Burke.

2.(Arch.)A molding running in a zigzag line; a chevron, or series of chevrons. SeeIllust.of Chevron, 3.

3.(Fort.)See Boyau.

Zig"zag` (?),a.Having short, sharp turns; running this way and that in an onward course.

Zig"zag`,v. t.[imp. & p. p.Zigzagged (?);p. pr. & vb. n.Zigzagging.] To form with short turns.

Zig"zag`,v. i.To move in a zigzag manner; also, to have a zigzag shape.R. Browning.

Zig"zag`ger*y (?),n.The quality or state of being zigzag; crookedness. [R.]

The . . .zigzaggeryof my father's approaches.

Sterne.

Zig"zag`gy,a.Having sharp turns.Barham.

Zil"la (?),n.(Bot.)A low, thorny, suffrutescent, crucifeous plant (Zilla myagroides) found in the deserts of Egypt. Its leaves are boiled in water, and eaten, by the Arabs.

||Zil"lah (?),n.[Ar.zila.] A district or local division, as of a province. [India]

||Zimb (?),n.(Zoöl.)A large, venomous, two-winged fly, native of Abyssinia. It is allied to the tsetse fly, and, like the latter, is destructive to cattle.

Zim"ent-wa`ter (?),n.[G.cement- wasser. See Cement.] A kind of water found in copper mines; water impregnated with copper.

Zinc (zk),n.[G.zink, probably akin tozinntin: cf. F.zinc, from the German. Cf. Tin.](Chem.)An abundant element of the magnesium-cadmium group, extracted principally from the minerals zinc blende, smithsonite, calamine, and franklinite, as an easily fusible bluish white metal, which is malleable, especially when heated. It is not easily oxidized in moist air, and hence is used for sheeting, coating galvanized iron, etc. It is used in making brass, britannia, and other alloys, and is also largely consumed in electric batteries. Symbol Zn. Atomic weight 64.9. [Formerly written alsozink.]

Butter of zinc(Old Chem.), zinc chloride, ZnCl2, a deliquescent white waxy or oily substance. --Oxide of zinc.(Chem.)SeeZinc oxide, below. --Zinc amine(Chem.), a white amorphous substance, Zn(NH2)2, obtained by the action of ammonia on zinc ethyl; -- called alsozinc amide. --Zinc amyle(Chem.), a colorless, transparent liquid, composed of zinc and amyle, which, when exposed to the atmosphere, emits fumes, and absorbs oxygen with rapidity. --Zinc blende[cf. G.zinkblende](Min.), a native zinc sulphide. See Blende,n.(a). --Zinc bloom[cf. G.zinkblumenflowers of zinc, oxide of zinc](Min.), hydrous carbonate of zinc, usually occurring in white earthy incrustations; -- called alsohydrozincite. --Zinc ethyl(Chem.), a colorless, transparent, poisonous liquid, composed of zinc and ethyl, which takes fire spontaneously on exposure to the atmosphere. --Zinc green, a green pigment consisting of zinc and cobalt oxides; -- called alsoRinmann's green. --Zinc methyl(Chem.), a colorless mobile liquid Zn(CH3)2, produced by the action of methyl iodide on a zinc sodium alloy. It has a disagreeable odor, and is spontaneously inflammable in the air. It has been of great importance in the synthesis of organic compounds, and is the type of a large series of similar compounds, aszinc ethyl,zinc amyle, etc. --Zinc oxide(Chem.), the oxide of zinc, ZnO, forming a light fluffy sublimate when zinc is burned; -- called alsoflowers of zinc,philosopher's wool,nihil album, etc. The impure oxide produced by burning the metal, roasting its ores, or in melting brass, is called alsopompholyx, andtutty. --Zinc spinel(Min.), a mineral, related to spinel, consisting essentially of the oxides of zinc and aluminium; gahnite. --Zinc vitriol(Chem.), zinc sulphate. SeeWhite vitriol, under Vitriol. --Zinc white, a white powder consisting of zinc oxide, used as a pigment.

Zinc,v. t.[imp. & p. p.Zincked or Zinced (&?;);p. pr. & vb. n.Zincking or Zincing (&?;).] To coat with zinc; to galvanize.

Zinc"ane (?),n.(Chem.)Zinc chloride. [Obs.]

Zinc"ic (?),a.(Chem.)Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zinc; zincous.

Zinc"ide (?),n.A binary compound of zinc. [R.]

Zinc*if"er*ous (?),a.[Zinc+-ferous.] Containing or affording zinc.

Zinc`i*fi*ca"tion (?),n.The act or process of applying zinc; the condition of being zincified, or covered with zinc; galvanization.

Zinc"i*fy (?),v. t.[Zinc+- fy.](Metal.)To coat or impregnate with zinc.

Zinc"ite (?),n.(Min.)Native zinc oxide; a brittle, translucent mineral, of an orange- red color; -- called alsored zinc ore, andred oxide of zinc.

{Zinck"ing, or Zinc"ing (?) },n.(Metal.)The act or process of applying zinc; galvanization.

Zinck"y (?),a.Pertaining to zinc, or having its appearance. [Written alsozinky.]

Zin"co- (?). A combining form fromzinc; in chemistry, designatingzincas an element of certain double compounds. Also used adjectively.

Zinc"ode (?),n.[Zinc+- ode, as inelectrode.](Elec.)The positive electrode of an electrolytic cell; anode. [R.]Miller.

Zin*cog"ra*pher (?),n.An engraver on zinc.

{ Zin`co*graph"ic (?), Zin`co*graph"ic*al (?), }a.Of or pertaining to zincography; as,zincographicprocesses.

Zin*cog"ra*phy (?),n.[Zinco-+-graphy.] The art or process of engraving or etching on zinc, in which the design is left in relief in the style of a wood cut, the rest of the ground being eaten away by acid.

Zinc"oid (?),a.[Zinc+- oid.] Pertaining to, or resembling, zinc; -- said of the electricity of the zincous plate in connection with a copper plate in a voltaic circle; also, designating the positive pole. [Obs.]

Zin`co-po"lar (?),a.[Zinco-+polar.](Elec.)Electrically polarized like the surface of the zinc presented to the acid in a battery, which has zincous affinity. [Obs.]

Zinc"ous (?),a.1.(Chem.)(a)Of, pertaining to, or containing, zinc; zincic; as,zincoussalts.(b)Hence, formerly, basic, basylous, as opposed tochlorous.

2.(Physics)Of or pertaining to the positive pole of a galvanic battery; electro-positive.

||Zin"ga*ro (?),n.;pl.Zingari(#). [It.] A gypsy.

Zing"el (zng"el),n.(Zoöl.)A small, edible, freshwater European perch (Aspro zingel), having a round, elongated body and prominent snout.

Zin`gi*ber*a"ceous (zn`j*br*"shs),a.[L.zingiberginger. See Ginger.](Bot.)Of or pertaining to ginger, or to a tribe (Zingibereæ) of endogenous plants of the orderScitamineæ. See Scitamineous.

Zink (zk),n.(Chem.)See Zinc. [Obs.]

Zink"en*ite (-en*t),n.[FromZinken, director at one time of the Hanoverian mines.](Min.)A steel-gray metallic mineral, a sulphide of antimony and lead.

Zink"y (?),a.See Zincky.Kirwan.

||Zin"ni*a (?),n.[NL. So called after ProfessorZinn, of Göttingen.](Bot.)Any plant of the composite genusZinnia, Mexican herbs with opposite leaves and large gay-colored blossoms.Zinnia elegansis the commonest species in cultivation.

Zinn"wald*ite (?),n.[So called afterZinnwald, in Bohemia, where it occurs.](Min.)A kind of mica containing lithium, often associated with tin ore.

Zin"sang (?),n.(Zoöl.)The delundung.

Zin`zi*ber*a"ceous (?),a.(Bot.)Same as Zingiberaceous.

Zi"on (?),n.[Heb.tsy&?;n, originally, a hill.]

1.(Jewish Antiq.)A hill in Jerusalem, which, after the capture of that city by the Israelites, became the royal residence of David and his successors.

2.Hence, the theocracy, or church of God.

3.The heavenly Jerusalem; heaven.

Ziph"i*oid (?),n.(Zoöl.)See Xiphioid.

Zir"co- (?).(Chem.)A combining form (also used adjectively) designatingzirconiumas an element of certain double compounds; zircono-; as inzircofluoric acid, sodiumzircofluoride.

Zir`co*flu"or*ide (?),n.(Chem.)A double fluoride of zirconium and hydrogen, or some other positive element or radical; as,zircofluorideof sodium.

Zir"con (?),n.[F., the same word asjargon. See Jargon a variety of zircon.](Min.)A mineral occurring in tetragonal crystals, usually of a brown or gray color. It consists of silica and zirconia. A red variety, used as a gem, is calledhyacinth. Colorless, pale-yellow or smoky- brown varieties from Ceylon are calledjargon.

Zircon syenite, a coarse-grained syenite containing zircon crystals and often also elæolite. It is largely developed in Southern Norway.

Zir"co*na (?),n.[NL.](Chem.)Zirconia.

Zir"con*ate (?),n.(Chem.)A salt of zirconic acid.

Zir*co"ni*a (?),n.[NL.](Chem.)The oxide of zirconium, obtained as a white powder, and possessing both acid and basic properties. On account of its infusibility, and brilliant luminosity when incandescent, it is used as an ingredient of sticks for the Drummomd light.

Zir*con"ic (?),a.(Chem.)Pertaining to, containing, or resembling, zirconium; as,zirconicoxide;zirconiccompounds.

Zirconic acid, an acid of zirconium analogous to carbonic and silicic acids, known only in its salts.

Zir*co"ni*um (?),n.[NL.](Chem.)A rare element of the carbon-silicon group, intermediate between the metals and nonmetals, obtained from the mineral zircon as a dark sooty powder, or as a gray metallic crystalline substance. Symbol Zr. Atomic weight, 90.4.

Zir"co*no (?). See Zirco-.

Zir"con*oid (?),n.[Zircon+oid.](Crystallog.)A double eight-sided pyramid, a form common with tetragonal crystals; -- so called because this form often occurs in crystals ofzircon.

Zith"er (?),n.[G.zither. See Cittern.](Mus.)An instrument of music used in Austria and Germany. It has from thirty to forty wires strung across a shallow sounding-board, which lies horizontally on a table before the performer, who uses both hands in playing on it. [Not to be confounded with the old lute-shapedcittern, orcithern.]

Zit"tern (?),n.(Min.)See Cittern.

||Zi*za"ni*a (?),n.[NL., from L.zizaniumdarnel, cockle, Gr. &?;.](Bot.)A genus of grasses including Indian rice. SeeIndian rice, under Rice.

Ziz"el (?),n.[G.ziesel.](Zoöl.)The suslik. [Written alsozisel.]

||Zo`an*tha"ce*a (?),n. pl.[NL., from Gr. zw^,on an animal + &?; flower.](Zoöl.)A suborder of Actinaria, includingZoanthusand allied genera, which are permanently attached by their bases.

||Zo`an*tha"ri*a (?),n. pl.[NL.](Zoöl.)Same as Anthozoa.

Zo`an*tha"ri*an (?),a.(Zoöl.)Of or pertaining to the Zoantharia. --n.One of the Anthozoa.

Zo*an"tho*deme (?),n.[See Zoantharia, and Deme.](Zoöl.)The zooids of a compound anthozoan, collectively.

Zo*an"thoid (?),a.[See Zoantharia, and -oid.](Zoöl.)Of or pertaining to the Zoanthacea.

Zo*an"thro*py (?),n.[Gr. &?; animal + &?; man.](Med.)A kind of monomania in which the patient believes himself transformed into one of the lower animals.

||Zo*an"thus (?),n.[NL. See Zoantharia.](Zoöl.)A genus of Actinaria, including numerous species, found mostly in tropical seas. The zooids or polyps resemble small, elongated actinias united together at their bases by fleshy stolons, and thus forming extensive groups. The tentacles are small and bright colored.

||Zo"bo (?),n.[Native name.](Zoöl.)A kind of domestic cattle reared in Asia for its flesh and milk. It is supposed to be a hybrid between the zebu and the yak.

{ Zoc"co (?), Zoc"co*lo (?), }n.[It. fr. L.socculus. See Socle, and cf. Zacco.](Arch.)Same as Socle.

Zo"cle (?; 277),n.(Arch.)Same as Socle.

Zo"di*ac (?),n.[F.zodiaque(cf. It.zodiaco), fr. L.zodiacus, Gr. &?; (sc. &?;), fr. &?;, dim. of zw^,on an animal, akin to &?; living, &?; to live.]

1.(Astron.)(a)An imaginary belt in the heavens, 16° or 18° broad, in the middle of which is the ecliptic, or sun's path. It comprises the twelve constellations, which one constituted, and from which were named, the twelve signs of the zodiac.(b)A figure representing the signs, symbols, and constellations of the zodiac.

2.A girdle; a belt. [Poetic & R.]

By his side,As in a glisteringzodiac, hung the sword.

Milton.

Zo*di"a*cal (?),a.[Cf. F.zodiacal.](Astron.)Of or pertaining to the zodiac; situated within the zodiac; as, thezodiacalplanets.

Zodiacal light, a luminous tract of the sky, of an elongated, triangular figure, lying near the ecliptic, its base being on the horizon, and its apex at varying altitudes. It is to be seen only in the evening, after twilight, and in the morning before dawn. It is supposed to be due to sunlight reflected from multitudes of meteoroids revolving about the sun nearly in the plane of the ecliptic.

||Zo"ë*a (?),n.[NL., fr. Gr. &?; life.](Zoöl.)A peculiar larval stage of certain decapod Crustacea, especially of crabs and certain Anomura. [Written alsozoæa.]

In this stage the anterior part of the body is relatively large, and usually bears three or four long spines. The years are conspicuous, and the antennæ and jaws are long, fringed organs used in swimming. The thoracic legs are undeveloped or rudimentary, the abdomen long, slender, and often without appendages. The zoëa, after casting its shell, changes to a megalops.

Zo"e*trope (?),n.[Gr. &?; life + &?; turning, from &?; to turn.] An optical toy, in which figures made to revolve on the inside of a cylinder, and viewed through slits in its circumference, appear like a single figure passing through a series of natural motions as if animated or mechanically moved.

||Zo"har (?),n.[Heb.zharcandor, splendor.] A Jewish cabalistic book attributed by tradition to Rabbi Simon ben Yochi, who lived about the end of the 1st century, a. d. Modern critics believe it to be a compilation of the 13th century.Encyc. Brit.

Zo"ic (?),a.[Gr. &?;.](Zoöl.)Of or pertaining to animals, or animal life.

Zo"ide (?),n.(Biol.)See Meride.

Zo*il"e*an (?),a.Having the characteristic ofZoilus, a bitter, envious, unjust critic, who lived about 270 years before Christ.

Zo"i*lism (?),n.Resemblance to Zoilus in style or manner; carping criticism; detraction.

Bring candid eyes the perusal of men's works, and let notZoilismor detraction blast well-intended labors.

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