M. suggests legislative reversal of judicial opinions,177,178;bibliography,613;M.'s avoidance in Federal laws,4,117,118;his caution in State laws,261;Supreme Court action on State laws,373,377;proposed measures to restrict it,378-80.See alsoJudiciary; and, respecting State laws, Appellate jurisdiction; Contracts; Eleventh Amendment, and the following cases: Brownvs.Maryland; Cohensvs.Virginia; Craigvs.Missouri; Dartmouth Collegevs.Woodward; Fletchervs.Peck; Gibbonsvs.Ogden; Greenvs.Biddle; M'Cullochvs.Maryland; Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee; New Jerseyvs.Wilson; Osgoodvs.Bank; Sturgesvs.Crowninshield; Terrettvs.Taylor; Worcestervs.Georgia.Dedham, Mass., denounces lawyers,3,23n.Delaware, Ratification,1,325.Delaware Indians, New Jersey land case,4,221-23.Demagogism, opportunity and tales under Confederation,1,290-92,297,309;J. Q. Adams on opportunity,2,17;and crisis of, 1819,4,206.See alsoGovernment.Democracy, growth of belief in restriction,1,252,253,300-02,308;union with State Rights,3,48;M.'s extreme lack of faith in,109,265,4,4,55,93,479-83,488;chaotic condition after War of 1812,4,170.See alsoGovernment; People; Social conditions.Democratic Party, as term of contempt,2,439n.,3,234n.See alsoRepublican Party.Democratic societies, development,2,38;opposition and support,38-41;decline,41;and Whiskey Insurrection,88;and Jay's negotiations,113.Denmark, and Barbary Powers,2,499.Dennison, ——, and Yazoo lands act,3,547.De Pestre, Colonel, attempt to seduce,3,515n.Despotism, demagogic fear,1,291;feared under Federal Constitution,333;in Ratification debate,352,398,400,404,406,409-11,417,427,428.Dexter, Samuel, and M. (1796),2,198;Secretary of War,485,493,494;Auroraon,492;seals M.'s commission,557;and M.'s logic,4,85;as practitioner before M.,95;counsel in Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee,161;as court orator,133.Dickinson, John, in Federal Convention, on declaring acts void,3,115n.Dickinson, Philemon, and intrigue against Adams,2,529n.Diligente, Ameliacase,3,16.Dinners, as form of social life in Richmond,3,394;of Quoit Club,4,77;M.'s lawyer,78,79.Direct tax, Fries's Insurrection and pardon,2,429-31,435,3,34-36.See alsoTaxation.Directory, M. declines mission to,2,144-46;18th Fructidor,230,245n., 246n.;M. on it,232,236-44;M.'s analysis of economic conditions,267-70;English negotiations (1797),295;preparations against England (1798),321,322;need of funds,322,323.See alsoFranco-American War; French Revolution; X. Y. Z. Mission.Discipline, in Revolutionary army,1,87,120.Disestablishment, Virginia controversy,1,221,222;in New Hampshire,4,227,230n.Disputed Elections Bill (1800),2,452-58.District-attorneys, United States, plan to remove Federalist,3,21.District of Columbia, popular fear of,1,291,438,439,456,477.See alsoCapital; Washington, D.C.Divina Pastoracase,4,128.Division of powers, arguments on, during Ratification,1,320,334,375,382,388,405,438;supremacy of National powers,4,293,302-08,347-49,438.See alsoNationalism.Divorce, by legislation,2,55n.Doddridge, Philip, in Virginia Constitutional Convention,4,502n.;on attack on Supreme Court,515.Domicil in enemy country, enemy character of property,4,128,129.Dorchester, Lord, Indian speech,2,111.Drake, James, and sedition trial,3,32.Dred Scott case, and declaring Federal acts void,3,132n.Dress, frontier,1,40;of Virginia legislators,59,200;contrast of elegance and squalor,280;of early National period,3,396,397.Drinking, in colonial and later Virginia,1,23;rules of William and Mary College on,156n.;extent (c. 1800),186n.,281-83,2,102n.,3,400,501n.;M.'s wine bills,1,186;distilleries,2,86n.;at Washington,3,9;frontier,4,189n.Duane, William, prosecution by Senate,2,454n.;trial for sedition,3,46n.;advances to Blennerhassett,514.See alsoAurora.Duché, Jacob, beseeches Washington to apostatize,1,105.Duckett, Allen B., and Swartwout and Bollmann,3,346.Dueling, prevalence,3,278n.Dunbar, Thomas, in Braddock's defeat,1,5.Dunbaugh, Jacob, and trial of Burr, evidence,3,393,459,462,463;credibility destroyed,523.Dunmore, Lord, Norfolk raid,1,74-79.Dutrimond, ——, and X. Y. Z. Mission,2,326.Duval, Gabriel, appointed Justice,4,60;and Dartmouth College case,255;dissent in Ogdenvs.Saunders,482n.;resigns,582,584;and Briscoevs.Bank and New Yorkvs.Miln,583.Dwight, Theodore, on Republican rule (1801),3,12.Early, Peter, argument in Chase trial,3,197.Eaton, John H., on Supreme Court,4,451.Eaton, William, on Jefferson,3,149n.;antagonism to Jefferson,302;career in Africa,302n., 303n.;conference with Burr, report of it,303-05,307;affidavit on Burr's statement,345,352;claim paid,345n.;at trial of Burr, testimony,429,452,459,487;loses public esteem,523.Economic conditions, influence on Federal Convention and Ratification,1,241,242,310,312,429n.,441n.;prosperity during Confederation,306;influence on attitude towards French Revolution,2,42;and first parties,75,96n.,125n.See alsoBanking; Commerce; Contracts; Crisis of 1819; Land; Prices; Social conditions.Edinburgh Review, on M.'s biography of Washington,3,271;on United States (1820),4,190n.Education, of colonial Virginia women,1,18n.,24n.;in colonial Virginia,24;M.'s,42,53,57;condition under Confederation,271-73;M. on general,4,472.See alsoDartmouth Collegevs.Woodward; Social conditions.Eggleston, Joseph, grand juror on Burr,3,412.Egotism, as National characteristic,3,13.Eighteenth Fructidorcoup d'état,2,230,245n., 246n.;M. on,232,236-44;Pinckney and,246n.Elections, Federal, in Virginia (1789),2,49,50;(1794),106;State, in Virginia (1795),129-30;Henry and presidential candidacy (1796),156-58;M.'s campaign for Congress (1798),374-80,401,409-16;issues in 1798,410;methods and scenes in Virginia,413.1800:Federalist dissensions, Hamiltonian plots,2,438,488,515-18,521,526;issues,439,520;influence of campaign on Congress,438;Federalist bill to control, M.'s defeat of it,452-58;effect of defeat of bill,456;effect of Federalist dissensions,488;Adams's attack on Hamiltonians,518,525;Adams's advances to Jefferson,519;Republican ascendancy,519,521;and new French negotiations,522,524;M.'s efforts for Federalist harmony,526;Hamilton's attack on Adams,527-29;campaign virulence,529;size of Republican success,531;Federalist press on result,532n.;Jefferson-Burr contest in Congress,532-47;Jefferson's fear of Federalist intentions,533;reasons for Federalist support of Burr,534-36;Burr and Republican success,535n.;M.'s neutrality,536-38;his personal interest in contest,538,539;influence of his neutrality,539;Burr's refusal to favor Federalist plan,539n.;Washington Federalist'scontrast of Jefferson and Burr,541n.;question of deadlock and appointment of a Federalist,541-43;Jefferson's threat of armed resistance,543;Federalists ignore threat,544,545n.;effect of Burr's attitude and Jefferson's promises,545-47,3,18;election of Jefferson,2,547;rewards to Republican workers,3,81n.1804:Campaign and attacks on Judiciary,3,184.1812:M.'s candidacy,4,31-34;Clinton as candidate,47;possible victory if M. had been nominated,47.1828:M. and,462-65.1832:Bank as issue,532n.,533;M.'s attitude,534.Electoral vote, counting in open session,3,197.Eleventh Amendment, origin,2,84n.,3,554;purpose and limitation,4,354;and suits against State officers,385,387-91.Elkison, Henry, case,4,382.Elliot, James, on Wilkinson's conduct,3,358.Elliot, Jonathan, inaccuracy ofDebates,1,388n.Ellsworth, Oliver, and presidential candidacy (1800),2,438;on Sedition Law,451;resigns Chief Justiceship,552;and common-law jurisdiction on expatriation,3,27,4,53;and Judiciary Act of 1789,3,53,128;on obligation of contracts,558n.Ellsworth, William W., and attack on Supreme Court,4,515.Emancipation, as involved in Nationalist development,4,370,420,536.Embargo Act,4,11;effect, opposition,12-16;M.'s opinion,14,118;Force Act,16;repeal,22.See alsoNeutral trade.Emmet, Thomas A., as practitioner before M.,4,95,135n.;counsel inNereidcase,131;appearance,133;counsel in Gibbonsvs.Ogden,424,427.Eppes, John W., and attempt to suspend habeas corpus (1807),3,348;and amendment on Judiciary,4,378n.Eppes, Tabby, M.'s gossip on,1,182.Equality, demand for division of property,1,294,298;lack of social (1803),3,13.Equity, M. and Virginia act on proceedings (1787),1,218-20.See alsoJudiciary.Erskine, David M., non-intercourse controversy,4,22.Everett, Edward, and Madison's views on Nullification,4,556.Exchange case,4,121-25.Excise, unpopularity of Federal,2,86;New England and,86n.See alsoTaxation; Whiskey Insurrection.Exclusive powers, and State bankruptcy laws,4,208-12.See alsoGibbonsvs.Ogden.Expatriation, Ellsworth's denial of right,3,27;and impressment,27n.See alsoImpressment.Exterritoriality of foreign man-of-war,4,122-25.Extradition, foreign, Virginia act (1784),1,235-41;Jonathan Robins case,2,458-75."Faction," as a term of political reproach,2,410n.Fairfax, Baron, career and character,1,47-50;influence on Washington and M.'s father,50.See alsoFairfax estate.Fairfax, Denny M., M.'s debt,3,223;and Hunter's grant,4,147;sale of land to M.'s brother,150n.Fairfax estate, M.'s argument on right,1,191-96;M.'s purchase and title,196,2,100,101,203-11,371,373,3,582;in Reconstruction debate,1,447-49,458;Jay Treaty and,2,129;controversy over title, Virginia Legislature and compromise,206,209,4,148-50;and Judiciary Bill (1801),2,551;M.'s children at,4,74;M.'s life at,74.See also Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee.Fairfax's Deviseevs.Hunter's Lessee.SeeMartinvs.Hunter's Lessee.Falls of the Ohio, Burr's plan to canalize,3,291n.Farmicola, ——, tavern in Richmond,1,172.Farrar, Timothy, Report of Dartmouth College case,4,250n.Fauchet, Jean A. J., and Randolph,2,146.Fauquier County, Va., minute men,1,69.Faux, William, on frontier inhabitants,4,188,189n.,190,190n.Federal Constitution, constitutionality of assumption,2,66;Bank,71-74;and party politics,75;excise,87;neutrality proclamation,95;treaty-making power,119,128,133,134-36,141;Alien and Sedition Acts,383,404.See alsoAmendment; Federal Convention; Government; Marshall, John (Chief Justice); Nationalism; Ratification; State Rights.Federal Convention, economic mainspring,1,241,242,310,312;demand for a second convention,242,248,355,362,379-81,477,2,49,57n.;class of Framers,1,255n.;secrecy,323,335,405;revolutionary results,323-25,373,375,425;and declaring acts void,3,114-16;M.'s biography of Washington on,262;and treason,402;on obligation of contracts,557n., 558n.;commerce clause,4,423.See alsoRatification.Federal District. See District of Columbia.Federalist, influence on Marbury decision,3,119,120.Federalist Party, use,2,74-76;economic basis,125n.;leaders impressed by M. (1796),198;effect of X. Y. Z. Mission,355,358;fatality of Alien and Sedition Acts,361,381;issues in 1798,410;French hostility as party asset,422,424,427;and Adams's renewal of negotiations,422-28;and pardon of Fries,429-31;M.'s importance to, in Congress,432,436;M. and breaking-up,514,515,526;hopes in control of enlarged Judiciary,547,548;in defeat, on Republican rule,3,11-15;Jefferson on forebodings,14;Judiciary as stronghold, Republican fear,20,21,77;and plans against Judiciary,22;and perpetual allegiance,27n.;and Louisiana Purchase,148-53;and impeachment of Chase,173;moribund,256,257;M. on origin,259-61;secession plots and Burr,281,298;intrigue with Merry,281,288;as British partisans,4,1,2,9,10;andChesapeake-Leopardaffair,9;and Embargo,12-17;and Erskine,22;and War of, 1812,30,45,46,48.See alsoCongress; Elections; Politics; Secession.Fenno, John, on troubles of conservative editor,2,30.Fertilizing Co.vs.Hyde Park,4,279n.Few, William, and Judiciary Act of 1789,3,129.Fiction, M.'s fondness,1,41,4,79.Field, Peter,1,11n.Filibustering, first act against,1,237.Finances, powerlessness of Confederation,1,232,295-97,304,387,388,415-17.See alsoBanking; Bankruptcy; Debts; Economic conditions; Money; Taxation.Finch, Francis M., on treason,3,401.Findley, John, on Yazoo claims,3,579.Finnie, William, relief bill,1,215.Fisher, George, M.'s neighbor,2,172;and Bank of Virginia,4,194.Fiske, John, on Dartmouth College case,4,277.Fitch, Jabez G., and Lyon,3,31,32.Fitch, John, steamboat invention,4,399n.,409n.Fitzhugh,——, at William and Mary,1,159.Fitzhugh, Nicholas, and Swartwout and Bollmann,3,346.Fitzhugh, William H., in Virginia Constitutional Convention,4,501n.Fitzpatrick, Richard, in Philadelphia society,1,110.Fleming, William, of Virginia Court of Appeals,4,148."Fletcher of Saltoun," attack on M.,4,361n.Fletcher, Robert.SeeFletchervs.Peck.Fletchervs.Peck, decision anticipated,3,88;importance and results,556,593-95,602;origin,583;before Circuit Court,584;before Supreme Court, first hearing,585;collusion, Johnson's separate opinion,585,592,601;second hearing,585;M.'s opinion,586-91;congressional denunciation of decision,595-601.Fleury, Louis, Stony Point,1,140.Flint, James, on newspaper abuse,4,175n.;on bank mania,187,188,192n.,193;on bankruptcy frauds,202.Flint, Timothy, on M.'s biography of Washington,3,270.Florida, Bowles's activity,2,497-99;M. on annexation and territorial government,4,142-44.See alsoWest Florida.Floyd, Davis, Indiana Canal Company,3,291n.;Burr conspiracy,361.Floyd, John, and Nullification,4,567.Folch, Visente, on Wilkinson,3,284n.,337n.Food, frontier,1,39;of period of the Confederation,280-82.Foot, Samuel A., resolution and Hayne-Webster debate,4,553n.Force Act (1809),4,16.Fordyce, Captain, battle of Great Bridge,1,77.Foreign relations, policy of isolation,2,235,388,3,14.See alsoNeutrality.Forsyth, John, attack on Supreme Court,4,395.Foster, Thomas F., attack on Supreme Court,4,516.Foushee, William, Richmond physician,1,189n.;candidacy for Ratification Convention,364;and Richmond meeting on Jay Treaty,2,152;grand juror on Burr,3,413.Fowler, John, on Judiciary Act of 1801,2,561n.France, American alliance,1,133,138;hatred of Federalists,4,2-5,15.