intrigue in West, Wilkinson as agent,3,283,284;resentment of West, expectation of war over West Florida,284,285,295,301,306,312,383n.;treaty of 1795,550n.;intrigue and Yazoo grant,554.Spanish America, desire to free,3,284,286;Miranda's plans,286,300,301,306;revolt and M.'s contribution to international law,4,126-28.See alsoBurr Conspiracy.Speculation, after funding,2,82,85;in land,202;as National trait,3,557;after War of 1812,4,169,181-84.See alsoCrisis of, 1819.Speech, freedom, and sedition trials,3,42.See alsoPress.Stamp Act, opposition in Virginia,1,61-65.Standing army.SeeArmy.Stanley, John, in Judiciary debate (1802),3,74n.,75.Stark, John, Warevs.Hylton,2,188.State Rights and Sovereignty, effect on Revolutionary army,1,82,88-90,100;in American Revolution,146;and failure of the Confederation,308-10;union with democracy,3,48;and declaring Federal acts void,105;M. on, as factor under Confederation,259-62;compact,4,316;strict construction and reserved rights,324n.;Taylor's exposition,335-39;forces (c. 1821),370;M. on effect of strict construction,442;and Georgia-Cherokee contest,541;incompatible with federation,571.See alsoContracts; Eleventh Amendment; Implied powers; Government; Kentucky Resolutions; Nationalism; Nullification; Secession; Virginia Resolutions.States, Madison on necessity of Federal veto of acts,1,312;suits against, in Federal courts,454,2,83.See alsoGovernment.Stay and tender act in Virginia,1,207n.See alsoDebts.Steamboats, Fulton's experiments, Livingston's interest,4,397-99;Livingston's grants of monopoly in New York,399;first on the Mississippi, grant of monopoly in Louisiana,402,402n., 403n.,414;other grants of monopoly,415;interstate retaliation,415;great development,415,416.See alsoGibbonsvs.Ogden.Steele, Jonathan, witness against Pickering, reward,3,181n.Stephen, Adam, in Ratification Convention, characterized,1,465;on Indians,465.Steuben, Baron von, on Revolutionary army,1,84;training of the army,88n.,133.Stevens, Edward, officer of minute men,1,69.Stevens, Thaddeus, as House leader,3,84n.Stevensvs.Taliaferro,2,180n.Stevenson, Andrew, resolution against M'Cullochvs.Maryland,4,324;and repeal of appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court,379.Stewart, Dr. ——, and Jay Treaty,2,121.Stirling, William, Lord, intrigue against,1,122.Stith, Judge, and Yazoo lands,3,555.Stoddert, Benjamin,Auroraon,2,492;at Burr trial,3,458;as Secretary of the Navy,458n.;proposes M. for President,4,31-34.Stone, David, and Granville heirs case,4,155n.Stonevs.Mississippi,4,279n.Stony Point, assault,1,138-42.Story, ——, on Ratification in Virginia,1,445.Story, Elisha, Republican,4,96;children,97;in Revolution,97n.Story, Joseph, on M. and his father,1,43;on M. in Jonathan Robins case,2,473;on Washington (1808),3,6;and common-law jurisdiction,28n.,4,30n.;on Chase,3,184n.;on Jefferson's Anas,230n.;and Yazoo claims,583,586;on conduct of Minister Jackson,4,23;on conduct of Federalists (1809),23n.;on Federalists and War of 1812,30,40;on Chief Justiceship,59n.;appointed Justice, history of appointment,60,106-10;compared and contrasted with M.,60;on M.'s attitude toward women,71;and poetry,80;on M.'s charm,81;on life of Justices,86,87;on M.'s desire for argument of cases,94n.,95n.;character,95;as supplement to M.,96,120,523;Republican,96;birth, education,97;antipathy of Federalists,97;in Congress, Jefferson's enmity,97,99;cultivated by Federalists,98;devotion to M.,99,523;authority on law of real estate,100;and Nationalism,116,145;on constitutionality of Embargo,118n.;authority on admiralty,119;United Statesvs.Palmer,126;appearance,132;on oratory before Supreme Court,133,135n.;dissent inNereidcase,142;opinions in Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee,144,145,156,161-64;assailed for opinion, contemplates resignation,166;and Dartmouth College case,232,243n.,251,255,257,259n.,274,275;opinion in Terrettvs.Taylor,243;on Dartmouth decision,277;on M'Cullochvs.Maryland,284,287;and M.'s reply to Roane,322;omnivorous reader,363;and Jefferson's attack on Judiciary,363,364;opinion in Greenvs.Biddle,376;on Todd's absence,381n.;in Massachusetts Constitutional Convention,471;on slave trade and law of nations,476;opinion in Bankvs.Dandridge,482;dissent in Ogdenvs.Saunders,482n.;on proposed repeal of appellate jurisdiction,514;and M.'s suggested resignation,520;on M.'s recovery,528;dissent in Cherokee Nationvs.Georgia,546n.;on Worcestervs.Georgia,551;on Nullification movement,559;on Jackson's Proclamation,563;M. and Commentaries and its dedication,569,576,580,581;on Webster's speech against Nullification,572;article on statesmen,577;on M.'s green old age,579;and Briscoevs.Bank and New Yorkvs.Miln,583,584n.;and M.'s decline,586,587;epitaph for M.,592,593.Strict construction.SeeNationalism; State Rights.Strong, Caleb, and Judiciary Act of 1789,3,129.Stuart, David, and chancery bill (1787),1,219;on title for President,2,36;on Virginia's hostility to National Government (1790),68n.Stuart, Gilbert, and engraving for M.'sWashington,3,236n.;portraits of Dartmouth College case counsel,4,255n.Stuartvs.Laird,3,130.Sturgesvs.Crowninshield, case,4,209;M.'s opinion,209-18;right of State to enact bankruptcy laws,208-12;New York insolvency law as impairing the obligation of contracts,212-18;reception of opinion,218,219.Sturgis, Josiah.SeeSturgesvs.Crowninshield.Subpœnaduces tecum, to President Adams,3,33,86;to Jefferson in Burr trial,433-47,450,518-22;Jefferson's reply,454-56;of Cabinet officers in Ogden-Smith case,436n.Suffrage, limitation,1,217n.,284,3,13n.,15n.;problem in Virginia, M.'s conservatism on it,4,468-71;in Massachusetts Constitutional Convention (1820),471;debate in Virginia Constitutional Convention (1830),501-07.Sullivan, George, counsel in Dartmouth College case,4,234.Sullivan, John, dissatisfaction,1,86;Brandywine campaign,95;Germantown,102;intrigue against,122.Sullivan, John L., steamboat monopoly,4,415.Sullivan, Samuel, Osbornvs.Bank,4,331.Sumter, Thomas, on Judiciary Act of 1789,3,54;and Yazoo claims,583.Supreme Court, Warevs.Hylton, M.'s argument,2,189-92;Huntervs.Fairfax,206-08;M. declines Associate Justiceship,347,378,379;salaries (1800),539n.;question of Chief Justice (1801),552;Jefferson's attitude and plans against,3,20-22;United Statesvs.Hudson, no Federal common-law jurisdiction,28n.;influence of Alien and Sedition Acts on position,49;Justices on circuit,55;act abolishing June session, purpose,94-97;low place in public esteem,120;first room in Capitol,121n.;mandamus jurisdiction,127-32;plan to impeach all Federal Justices,159-63,173,176,178;release of Swartwout and Bollmann on habeas corpus,346,348-57;renewal of attack on, during Burr trial,357;becomes Republican,4,60;under M. life and consultations of Justices,86-89;character on M.'s control,89;practitioners in M.'s time,94,95,131-35;appointment of successor to Cushing, Story,106-10;quarters after burning of Capitol,130;appearance inNereidcase,131;Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee, right of appeal from State courts,156-67;salary question (1816),166;change in repute,310;apostacy of Republican Justices,317,358,359,444;Wirt on,369n.;attack in Congress, movement to restrict power over State laws (1821-25),371-80,394-96,450;renewal of attempt (1830),514-17;proposed Virginia amendment,371,378;Greenvs.Biddle, protest of Kentucky,375-77,380-82;alarm in, over attacks,381;reversal of attitude toward, causes,450-54;personnel (1830),510;becomes restive under M.'s rule,510,513;M. anticipates reaction in, against Nationalism,513,514,582,584;Jefferson's later denunciation,538;Jackson's denial of authority of opinions,530-32;rule of majority on constitutional questions,583.See alsoCommerce; Contracts; Declaring acts void; Implied powers; International law; Judiciary; Marshall, John (Chief Justice); Nationalism; Story, Joseph; cases by title.Swartwout, Samuel, takes Burr's letter to Wilkinson,3,307;and Wilkinson,320,332n.,354n.;denial of Wilkinson's statement,320n.;character then, later fall,321n.,465;arrested, mistreatment,332,334;brought to Washington,343;held for trial,344-46;discharged by Supreme Court,346-57;testifies at Burr trial,465;not indicted,466n.;insults and challenges Wilkinson,471;as Jackson's adviser,4,532n.Sweden, and Barbary Powers,2,499.Talbot, Isham, on Supreme Court,4,451.Talbot, Silas,Sandwichaffair,2,496;Ameliacase,3,16.Talbotvs.Seeman,3,16,17,273n.Taliaferro, Lawrence, colonel of minute men,1,69.Talleyrand Périgord, Charles M. de, on narrow belt of settlement,1,258;on Baltimore,264;on food and drink,282;rise,2,249,250;opinion of United States,250,251;and Bonaparte,272,288;and reopening of American negotiations,423.See alsoX. Y. Z. Mission.Tallmadge, Benjamin, on War of 1812,4,40n.Talmadge, Matthias B., Ogden-Smith trial,3,436n.Taney, Roger B., as practitioner before M.,4,135n.;counsel in Brownvs.Maryland,455;career,455n.;later opinion on Brownvs.Maryland,460;Chief Justice,584n.Tariff, antagonistic State laws during Confederation,1,310,311;Taylor's attack on protection,4,338n.,366-68;as element in strife of political theories,370,536;threatened resistance, reference to by M. and Johnson,384,388n.,394n.,459,536,537,555;debate (1824) and Gibbonsvs.Ogden,421;Compromise,574.See alsoImport duties; Nullification; Taxation.Tarleton, Banastre, in Philadelphia society,1,109;in Virginia,144n.Tarring and feathering, practice,1,214n.Tassels, George, trial and execution,4,542,543.Tavern, Richmond (1780),1,172;at Raleigh,4,65.Taxation, Virginia commutable act,1,207n.;not cause of Shays's Rebellion,299,300;opposition to power in Federal Constitution,334;Ratification debate,342,366,390,404,413,416,419,421;proposed amendment on power,477;Federal, as issue (1800),2,520,530n.;exemption of lands as contract,4,221-23;M'Cullochvs.Maryland, Osbornvs.Bank, State taxation of Federal instruments,302-08;State power and commerce clause,435,454-59.See alsoDirectory; Excise; Finances; Requisitions; Tariff.Taylor, George Keith, and privateer incident,2,106;courtship and marriage, M.'s interest,174,175;Federal appointment as nepotism,560n.Taylor, John, of Caroline, Hitevs.Fairfax,1,191,192;attack on Hamilton's financial system,2,69;suggests idea of Kentucky Resolutions,397;and Callender trial,3,38n.,39,176,177,190,214;and repeal of Judiciary Act,58n.,607-10;control of Virginia politics,4,146;attack on M.'s Nationalist opinions,309,335-39;attack on protective tariff,338n.,366-68.Taylor, John, of Mass., on travel,1,257;in Ratification Convention,345.Taylor, Peter, testimony in Burr trial,3,425,426,465,488.Taylor, Robert, grand juror on Burr,3,413n.Taylor, Thomas, security for Burr,3,429n.Tazewell, Littleton W., grand juror on Burr,3,413n.;on Swartwout,465n.;M. soothes,4,88;in Virginia Constitutional Convention,484;in debate on State Judiciary,489,490.Tennessee, Burr in, his plan to represent in Congress,3,292-96,312,313;tax on external banks,4,207;and M'Cullochvs.Maryland,334.Tennessee Company,3,550,553n.See alsoYazoo.Terence, on law and injustice,3,1.Terrettvs.Taylor,4,243n.,246n.Territory, powers of Governor,2,446;M. on government,4,142-44.Thacher, George, and slavery,2,450.Thatcher, Samuel C., on M.'s biography of Washington,3,269,270.Thayer, James B., on M. at Wickham's dinner,3,396n.Theater, M. and,2,217,231.Thibaudeau, Antoine C. de, and 18th Fructidor,2,240.Thomas, Robert, and Yazoo lands act,3,547.Thompson, James, as M.'s instructor,1,53;parish,54;political opinions,54;and military preparation,70.Thompson, John, address on Jay Treaty,2,126-29;Curtius letters on M.,395,396,3,354;character,2,396n.Thompson, John A., arrest by Georgia,4,574.Thompson, Lucas P., in Virginia Constitutional Convention,4,496,500.Thompson, Philip R., in debate on repeal of Judiciary Act,3,74;and attempt to suspend habeas corpus (1807),347.Thompson, Samuel, in Ratification Convention,1,345,346,348.Thompson, Smith, on Livingston steamboat monopoly,4,406;dissents from Brownvs.Maryland,455;on slave trade and law of nations,476;opinion in Ogdenvs.Saunders,481n.;dissent in Craigvs.Missouri,513;dissent in Cherokee Nationvs.Georgia,546n.;and M.,582;and Briscoevs.Bank and New Yorkvs.Miln,583.Thompson, William, attack on M.,3,525,533-35.Thruston, Buckner, of Smith committee,3,541n.Ticknor, George, on M.,4,91n.;on Supreme Court inNereidcase,131.Tiffin, Edward, and Burr conspiracy,3,324.Tilghman, Tench, on luxury in Philadelphia,1,108n.Titles, influence of French Revolutions,2,36-38.Toasts, typical Federalist (1798),2,349n.;Federalist, to the Judiciary,548n.;Burr's, on Washington's birthday,3,280;Jefferson's, on freedom of the seas,4,23;Jackson's "Union,"557.Tobacco, characteristics of culture,1,19;universal use,3,399.Todd, Thomas, and Martinvs.Hunter's Lessee,4,153;and Dartmouth College case,255;and Greenvs.Biddle,381n.;on regulating power to declare State acts void,396n.Tompkins, Daniel D., and Livingston steamboat monopoly,4,411.Tories.SeeLoyalists.Townsend, Henry A., and Livingston steamboat monopoly,4,409n.Tracy, Uriah, and reopening of French negotiations,2,425;on pardon of Fries,430n.;on Republican ascendancy (1800),521n.;in debate on repeal of Judiciary Act,3,61;on Louisiana Purchase,150;at Chase trial,217;and Burr,281.Transportation.SeeCommerce; Communication; Internal improvements.Travel, hardships,1,250,255-64;conditions as an index of community isolation,251,255;conditions (c. 1815),3,4n., 5n.;stage time between Richmond and Raleigh (c. 1810),4,63n.