SOCIAL CYCLE

The mathematics of history is a human reality. We are facing an undeniable fact, the logical organization of the events of history, without a pure mathematics that is not derived from one that is integral or from a differential equation but, within the mathematical concept of applied sciences where pure results are not achieved with the “Standard Meter”, the model unit of measure that is in Paris that, although it is kept hermetically sealed, is always under the influence of that which is material.Remembering one of Plato’s maxim: “Vital force has been given to us by God, so that, by observing the sky’s circular motion, we may apply it to the cyclical form of the kingdom of our own thoughts, for they both are their relatives, the difference being that ours are perturbed whilst theirs are free from all perturbation”.SOCIAL CYCLEAt the beginning of the cycle we warned of a remarkable change.  The ancient nation reduced to a state of servitude has remarkably improved its position and already has a small participation in the harvest. From this moment on, its material and spiritual progress accentuates itself. Since the worker obtains a benefit from his work, his interest increases and, accordingly, improves his tools, worked more and production intensifies.By this phenomenon repeating itself in all servants, the result is a general increase in wealth. Some more intelligent or more active, specialize. This is how trades are born. The use of money is extended.  Thus, wealth, which was then motionless in the hands of the dominating class, can pass on to the servile class and, a minority, made up of the most intelligent, active or fortunate, begins to become wealthy. With this, there appears a new wealthy aristocracy.We observe that the ancient division of society changes, giving room so that part of the ancient servants go on to constitute a middle class. One of these minorities, already wealthy, will make up the new aristocracy of wealth or high middle class. Very soon, the high middle class will not be happy with its wealth and will want to invest in city governments. From this moment on, the struggle between the new aristocracy and the old one begins.This struggle will also follow a law, which is the one we know as “The Law of two steps forward and one step backwards” or Oscillating Law. In this struggle, the new aristocracy is supported by the nation from where it came. Four centuries after the beginning of the cycle, the new aristocracy is the winner and the government of the city is turned over to it. At this time, the middle class orpetit bourgeoisie, has organized in unions or trades, and also wants its place in the government. One new struggle begins between these classes and the high middle class, and through successes and reversals, always obeying the oscillating law, thepetit bourgeoisiefinally joins the city governments.At this moment all social classes participate in city government, with the preponderance of thepetit bourgeoisie, we then arrive at the democratic regime, with the participation of all citizens in the government through popular assemblies. It is the government of the people. It meets in the public square or in the temple. All citizens intervene with their right to vote, and they decide whether there will be war or peace, the number of officials in the city or the election of its magistrates. The town deals out justice. This democracy does not include the whole town, since one part of the old servile class is left out, but the condition of those dispossessedhas sensibly improved.During the democratic regimes of the eras of great demographic fractionation, it is the citizens who resolve all city matters as an independent state, by a direct vote.Human evolution does not ever stop. Once the apex is reached decadence begins. We observe, in the first place, that general interest for city matters is followed by the citizens’ great indifference. They begin to tire of intervening in the assemblies and, in an ever increasing number, stop attending them. Each day, the assembly sees the number of attendees reduced. On the other hand, a new spirit dominates social life. Up to then wealth was shared, there were neither great potentatesnor great misery. Each one within his profession dedicated hours of rest to the manifestations of the spirit. But very soon, a great desire for wealth dominates the high lineageof the middle class, that, in its great majority continues to attend the assemblies and soon modifies the laws to protect itself and increase its wealth.Commercial and industrial progress also contributes to the concentration of wealth. Great companies are born, while small commerce and industry disappear. Then, great fortunes and magnates of industry make their appearances, while small merchants and industrialists, ruined, go on to increase the humble classes. In short, society will have changed its aspect and the preponderance of the middle class will be substituted by that of a very rich class vis-à-vis a famished people. Such a change brings with it the intensification of class hatred and, forthwith, anarchy and civil war. This struggle presents the characteristics of terrible savagery. Hatred towards the enemy makes them forget their love for the city.Old local patriotism disappears and, even rival parties will ask for the intervention of a foreign power, if in this manner they can destroy the enemy within. A similar anarchy and civil war, takes control of the cities towards a foreign power, to a dominating center that rapidly extends its hegemony on a great number of cities and on a great territorial extension. We enter into the imperial era.We have indicated its characteristics, that is, a loss of the personality of the nations that go on to make up part of the empire and acquisition by those subject to the rights of the citizens. Afterwards, under a new imperial domination, comes the political and social regime that it had at the beginning.The chart clearly indicates the phases of the social evolutions that begin by a first one, that has a duration of four centuries, during which the nation’s gradual progress arises under the domination of the imperial aristocracy. There follows a second phase in which power is taken over by the wealthy aristocracy until the middle class intervenes.This phase of wealth and democracy aristocracy, has a duration of two and one-half centuries and, therewith, ends the first era of great fractionation that then had a total duration of six and one-half centuries. Then comes the phase of anarchy, civil war or decadence of democracy, and the cities, free until now, fall under the hegemony of an imperial nucleus. This federal phase has a duration of two centuries.The unitary absolutist phase follows with the ascending process of the centuries, after which the decadence of the regime begins. A central power debilitation process is produced and, finally, disintegration comes and the nations of the empire remain under the domination of the new imperial nucleus that will subject the old citizens to the regime of servitude and slavery with which the century ends.WORLD PROSPECTIVE OF THE XXI CENTURYI.- a)From remote times, currents of culture are produced that are displaced over the surface of the earth, originating civilizations of diverse grades of advance, among others, some as advanced as the present ones and that, at the same time, develop great unification nuclei, empires or great nations.In addition to the discovery of the great prehistoric civilizations, it should be added that the constitution of present-day skulls, is analogous to those of 400,000 years ago B.C., and so the utilization of fire, the date of which goes back to 250,000 B.C.  In this sense, we should immediately study and research what man did in that space of time.With the results of the excavations and works of Schliemann (Archeologist), Homer and the characters of The Iliad, stopped belonging to mythology and now are part of Greek history.Likewise, the works of Evans (English Archeologist), the German Egyptologist, Lepsius, the French Egyptologist, Mariette and the English Archeologist and Egyptologist, Petrie, constitute a great headway.b)Referring to the development of Assyrian,Babylonian, Egyptian and Cretancultures, note the proportions and grandeur of their constructions, superior to others in any manner of comparison.Luxury, refinement and sumptuousness reached extremes that have not been surpassed up to our time, an example of this is the Palace of Knossos, in the Island of Crete, comparable to the grandest palaces in modern and contemporary Europe, with its white columns, walls decorated with frescoes, rooms having overflowing luxury, beautiful bathrooms with water ducts and aeration devices.People having garments and fashion that were superior to those of modern civilization. “Thus, in the frescoes one can see young people in a gracious and “nonchalant” attitude, lazily spread out in garden swings, playing or talking with Parisian wit in their eyes and their expression”. (The Mathematics of History).In relation to the scientific field, Greek and Egyptian alchemists had a concept of matter and of atomic energy that is the same as those we have today. For atomic transmission, they used a simple retortand a universal crystallizer called a PhilosophalStone, that heretofore, has been impossible to reconstruct.The mathematics of history shows that during the imperial phase of their second historic cycle and at a time that is symmetrical to ours, Egyptians perfectly knew the economic structure and its practical applications, as well as Einstein’s formula.In India, the worry that we feel regarding atomic energy as a danger that can lead to the destruction of humanity, already existed near the year 275 B.C., at the beginning of the Kingdom of the Emperor Asoka (273-232 B.C.).The Pyramid of Keops, built between 2700 and 2600 years B.C., is an encyclopedia of very advanced knowledge, as well as the geometric numeric system of exact sciences that was the origin of ancient units of measure. Rauston Skinner says that Parker’s reason was a foundation. This Astronomer found the integral reason between circumference and diameter, discovered by John Parker, 6,561, for the diameter and 20,612 for the circumference which brought forth the “Pi” result, that is, 3.14169265....Aside from other data and measures regarding exact sciences, I hereby transcribe the following from the mathematics of history:  “That is, that in the year 2700 B.C., the laws that were afterwards described by Kepler, were perfectly known, as well as Copernicus’ system, that is, after the Egyptian civilization, the great knowledge of their mathematicians and astronomers were lost, and the Greek culture ignored the Egyptian knowledge and, it is only upon its disappearance and in his attempt to explain the world, that Ptolemyof Alexandria, who lived in the II Century, discovers the geocentric system, this meaning the earth was considered the center of the solar system”.This doctrine, based on mere appearance, was a concept that had forgotten the great knowledge of their ancestors, and we have to reach Kepler and Copernicus (1530), in order to rediscover the laws that govern the movement of the planets and that the Egyptians knew well in the era of the Pyramids.Saniland Wake in his work “The origin and significance of the great pyramid”, affirms that a geometrically, numerically and astronomically exact scientific system, founded on the mathematical relations of “Pi”, formed part of a language that he thinks was contained and hidden within the type of the Hebrew text of the Bible.II.- a)The mathematics of history shows that cultures and civilizations that are substituted with mathematical precision existed and still exist, giving way to a transcript or current, that keeps moving on the surface of the earth. A regular and precise succession of the vitality of nations mathematically carried out on this planet.Thus, after the Sumerian,towards the East there is the Indian Culture, the Chinese culture and that of Japan; towards the West there is the Egyptian, Greek and Romantic-Gothic cultures.It has been observed that each one begins in a region, extending themselves through the neighboring regions to which they arrive with relation to their point of origin, which means the transfer of the same culture.The Sumerianculture is born in the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, and existed throughout Elam, the Iran,Baluchistan... until it occupied the area limited by two vertical lines:  one that comes down from the shores of the Caspian Sea reaches the Persian Gulf, and another, starting from its source at the Euphratesand continues towards the West throughout the valley of the same river.The Indian culture originated in the north-eastern part, extending throughout the whole Hindu Valley. The Egyptian culture was born in the Nile delta where the first urban nuclei appeared.The Chinese culture came about in the valley formed by the Huang-Ho and Wei-Ho rivers, while the Greek culture has its birth in the Island of Crete, after this awakening it is transmitted to the coasts of Asia Minor and to the CycladeIslands. Afterwards to the North, in Ionia, Eolida and after a century, it arrives in Greece. This advance in the creative current continues towards the West and arrives in Sicily and the South of Italy.Western or Roman-Gothic culture has its origin in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Its area of extension in the second cycle that is presently being developed is in the mouth of the Ebro and Rhine rivers.b)A culture gets ahead of another in an approximate cycle of 1700 years, and a delay in transmission regarding the second cycle is between 150 to 200 years.While the first cycle of the Egyptian culture is produced, the nations of the rest of the Mediterranean are in a state of primary life and when the second cycle of the Egyptian culture begins, the awakening of the Greek culture by the Island of Crete begins (2700 B.C.), with a delay of transmission regarding the beginning of the second Egyptian cycle, of some 150 to 200 years, with that difference in time they develop in a manner that is parallel to the second Egyptian cycle that reaches Thesalia.The rest of the Mediterranean nations still continue in a state of primary life.Let us go on to the third Egyptian cycle (1250 B.C.).  In an evident and parallel manner, with the already known delay due to geographical transfer, the second cycle of the Greek culture is produced, which will not be limited to the previous area but that crossing Thesaliait arrives in Sicily and Meridional Italy or Great Greece, that is, that once more the culture transfer event is manifested.While this phenomenon is being produced, the appearance of a new culture takes place, the Western or Roman-Gothic culture, with the delay of a cycle with respect to the culture immediately before, in this case, the Greek culture, in addition to the delay of transfer in time of 150 to 200 years (annex 1).In this manner, then, the cultures researched by the mathematics of history and totally extinguished are: the Sumerian, Egyptian, Peruvian and Mexican cultures, that lasted 5,100 years, that is, three cycles of 1,700 years each.  The first one of them, the creative cycle, the second, splendor and, the third, rebirth.The Indian, Chinese and Greek cultures are reaching the end of the three cycles of their process, while the Western Roman-Gothic culture at the present time is developing the era of unification of the second cycle.c)In the era of great fractionation of each first historic cycle, culture is created. The second is the phase of splendor and the third, rebirth. In the unification eras culture having no creativity whatsoever is created.In today’s world, the development of the era of great unification predominates, that is, of the nuclei of unification or nations.  Practically, the era of fractionation is not developed and, accordingly, there is no creativity process, only the culture that civilization already has is applied.Culture, its creativity, its process, is akin to the era of great demographic fractionation (six and one-half centuries), corresponding to each ethnic group in the geographic area in which it is developed.Thus, for example, in Europe:Ionia, from 1100 B.C. to 450 B.C.Greece, from 1000 B.C. to 350 B.C.Italy, from 920 B.C. to 270 B.C.Iberian Peninsula, from 880 B.C. to 230 B.C.Gaul, from 770 B.C. to 120 B.C.British Isles, 700 B.C. to 50 B.C.Germany, from 550 B.C. to 100 B.C.The imperial eras of great unification were:Ionia, from 450 B.C. to 500 B.C.Greece, from 350 B.C. to 700 B.C.Italy, up to the mouth of the Rhine River.As we can see, the creative center displaces itself in the same sense as the general process. The creative process is not manifested for each cycle and for every region with the same intensity. Although the political and social evolution may be the same and uses the same time in both cycles, the creative power, however, is variable.The creative process always follows the same evolution: birth, growth and completeness, decadence and death, that is, an identical transformation. In its first cycle a creative process having little intensity will appear, in the second cycle it will be more intense and, in the third, it will be less intense, like a rebirth.According to the mathematics of history, it can be deduced that three cycles are perfectly distinguished in cultures-civilizations, no matter what the region in the planet may be. Since each cycle lasts 1,700 years, the total duration of each culture-civilization is 5,100 years.In the first cycle, art and culture in general, although they may have their own seal, manifest an influence of a prior creative process, as in the case of Mycene vis-à-vis Cretan art, or Iberian vis-à-vis Greek.In the second cycle, the creative personality is manifested with all its splendor and originality. It is like a new style.In the third there is no creation, it is a rebirth of the art and culture of the prior two cycles.  It is then the second cycle that defines the characteristic of a culture.Iberian Peninsula 230 B.C.- 820 A.D.Gaul 120 B.C. - 930 A.D.The British Isles 50 B.C.- 1000 A.D.Germany 100 B.C.- 1150 A.D.Ionia 1100 B.C. - 450 A.D.It may be observed that Greece starts the century 100 years after Ionia, that is, in 1000 B.C., thus, the process for Italian and Iberian nations of Gaul.Not only is the chronological difference manifested but also that this delay is perfectly regular and results as a function of the geographic position. It is a very important fact that the creative process does not manifest the same intensity in these diverse regions but that the creative center appears in Ionia in order to reach maximum intensity in Greece.After the unifying wave that began in the Eastern Mediterranean with the Persian Empire and that ended with the nuclei of the Byzantine and the Germanic Empires, with the disintegration of the latter a new wave of great fractionation arises that extended throughout Europe, advancing through exactly the same road as the former one.17 centuries from the beginning of the first historic cycle, European nations find themselves in the same social organization of the first cycle and go through exactly the same evolution.  Thus, in this second cycle, in their great fractionation era we have:Ionia, from 600 A.D. to 1250 A.D.Greece, from 700 A.D. to 1350 A.D.Italy, from 780 A.D. to 1430 A.D.The Iberian Peninsula, from 820 A.D. to 1470 A.D.Gaul, from 930 A.D. to 1580 A.D.British Isles, from 1000 A.D. a 1650 A.D.Germany, from 1150 A.D. to 1800 A.D.In the era of great unification we have:Ionia, 1,250 - 2,300Greece, 1,350 - 2,400Italy, 1,430 - 2,480Iberia, 1,470 - 2,520Gaul, 1,580 - 2,630The British Isles, 1,650 - 2,700Germany, 1,800 - 2,850It may be observed that the cycle is exactly repeated with identical characteristics, but with the difference that the creative center is at the mouth of the Ebro River, from where the creative process will be extended in order to show its maximum exposure in the lands of Gaul.III.- a)From the beginning of the so called historic era up to the present time, in the phase of unification of ten and one-half centuries of the cycle of 1,700 years, unification nuclei have been developing and continue to do so, nations that follow a process in its formation and development, going through a series of precise phases, with an identical general evolution.Thus, all empires that have existed from the beginning of historic times up to the present time, have followed the mathematical law of history and its process, including the Egyptian Empires and those of Inner Asia, as well as those of Thinitian (3700-3150 B.C.), Memphite (3150-2650 B.C.), Thebaic (2000-1450 B.C.) and Assyrian (1200-612 B.C.) (see attached empire chart).b)Europe.1.-In this continent the first historical cycle developed with an era of great demographic fractionation lasting six and one-half centuries, and an era of great unification, in which, in chronological order, the Macedonian, Roman, Visigoth and Teutonic Empires were developed.Afterwards, the second cycle in the middle ages that in general lines is made up of what the mathematics of history defines as an era of great demographic fractionation and is still being fulfilled at the present time.  The following unification nuclei have been developed and are still developed, in chronological order:  The Spanish, French, English and German Empires, the creative force being found in the latter nation.This geographical area, that of the Germanic, has followed its process thus:  Its first cycle in the fractionation era (550-100 B.C.), the unification era (100 B.C.-1150 A.D.), in which the Teutonic Empire was developed (800-1300); its second cycle, era of great fractionation (1150-1800), that of unification (1800-2850) and the one where the present nucleus develops. Around the year 1850, the Germanic confederation is created, after the French campaign of 1814 to 1815. Prussia goes on to be the central nucleus of the new Empire, initiating its first strategic victories with the Schesvig Holstein conquest (1866). Austria is defeated in Sadowa (1866) and France in Sedan (1870).This historic phase takes place in a Federal regime. The great depression (1918-1935), with the characteristic internal civil war, uprising of the Empire nations against Russia’s dominion and the invasion up to the Rhine of the allied armies, in the continuation of the process of this phase, and later begins the second period of great victories with the occupation of Austria (1933), Poland, Norway, Holland, Belgium, France, The Balkan Peninsula, Russia and North Africa.Afterwards follows the military disaster phase in the year 1945, with the defeat of the Second World War and the known consequences.2.-Culture. Regarding this field we observe that its creative area and the power of this continent, is France, while the geographical area of the romantic-Gothic culture or Western culture, is made up of the area between the mouth of the Ebro River and that of the Rhine, that is, it covers Spain, France, Belgium and Holland.3.-The Slavic towns fulfilled their first cycle of the process with their great fractionation era and that of unification, under the hegemony of the Varangians, Veraics, Vikings and, afterwards, the Kev Empire.   They go through their Federal phase under this nucleus (850-1350), followed by the disintegration phase (1350-1450).In the year 1462, the Principality of Moscow extends its hegemony above the nations of Russia initiating its first period of great victories, the Tartars are defeated and Kahn Ibrahim goes on to be Ivan III’s vassal and tributary (1470).The domination of the new Empire reaches the Urals. During this kingdom the conquest of Siberia begins with expeditions and explorations. This period continues with Vasily IV (1505-1533) and Ivan IV (1533-1583).In 1558, the rich Merchant of Novgorod, George Straganoff, obtained some 150,000 Km2 in the shores or the Kama river and one of his agents conquered a zone further to the East, with the victory of the seizing of Sibir. The whole region on the other side of the Uralstook the name of Sibir, Siberia.This phase takes place within a broadly Federal regime. The power of the Emperor resulted from the power of the people, who manifested themselves in the Assemblies. Thus, Ivan IV, even called the representatives of the cities, noblemen, merchants, and in agreement with them, carried out his expansive work and published a Code of Laws.The Great Depression, (1580-1645), begins in the Kingdom Ivan IV, with the loss of Smolenks and Livonia, Carelia, Ingria and all the space between it and Novgorod. The Empire is invaded by the Polonaise and the Swedes.The second period of victories began in the regime of Alexis Mikaylovitch (1645-1676), the conquest of Smolenks,Vitebsk, Molhiof, Polosk, Kiev and thus, all Lithuania, follows the conquest of Carelia, Ingria and Livonia, the seize of Neufchatel, Dorpal, Narva.  The military disaster occurs when the Polonaiseand the Tartars defeat Alexis (1667). In the phase of strategic conservation, the highest integral point:  defeat with the Austrians.The defeat of Czarmovaoccurs in Austerlitz (1805); in Morugen (1807).The well supplied Russian troops defeat Napoleon (1812) in the Crimean War, conquer Central Asia from the Caucasian up to the Himalayas, Tashkent (1867), Bokova and Kiva (1873), and Meru (1884).The phase of decadence begins with the Russian- Japanese War in 1904, the loss of Port Arthur and Sakhalin Island, the War with Finland, the German invasion during the Second World War and the Allies’ fundamental aid, acceptance of the UN decision regarding Greece and Azerbaijan, the giving up of Manchuria and the separation of Yugoslavia in 1948.Thus, the Slav Nations are finishing their first historical cycle with their Moscow nucleus, to begin the second one in its era of great demographic fractionation.c)Continental China is developing the last unification nucleus of its third mathematical-historical cycle.  The creative force is between the Huang-Ho and Wei-Ho rivers and, this great unified group over Beijing, as well as Japan, develops one of the greatest Asian powers.This People’s Republic of China, fulfilled the process of its first cycle between 2900 B.C. and 1150 B.C., the second cycle between 150 B.C. and 550 A.D., and its third one, that began on this last date and should end in the year 2200, during this term developing the great nucleus that exists at the present time with its Capital in Beijing.So that in the year 1912, the Manchurian Empire ends, the phase of relative independence beginning and lasting up to the year 1950, date on which the first period of great victories of the present Continental China or the Peoples Republic of China begins in this third mathematical-historical cycle of 1,700 years.d)Japan is another place in Asia where the creative force is developed.  This Country is in the same phase of strategic conservation and at its highest integral point.IV.- a)The precision of displacement and development of the creative wave in the European and Asian cultures, was confirmed by Dr. Deulofeu. Thus we have as an example that the three cycles of Chinese culture correspond to the three cycles of Indian culture and the first cycle of Japan follows.In the Americas the third cycle of indigenous cultures. From the study of these pre-Columbian cultures we learned that the Toltec, Aztec, Mayan and Inca cultures exactly obeyed the mathematics of the history of our civilization.In the second cycle, year of great fractionation in the Mexican culture, we have the Oomecan art and, in its third cycle in the same era, the Mayan art; in the unification era, we have the Toltec and Aztec Empires, with which the third cycle ends.  In the Peruvian culture, the first in its era of great fractionation we find the Pre-Chimu art, then Tiahuacu art with which this cycle ends.In the third cycle, era of great fractionation, there are the Tahuantinsuyo and Inca Empires in the era of unification, thus ending this cycle.b)With regards to the unification nuclei in our continent, we learn that once the Spanish Empire extended its hegemony in America, the American cultures were reaching the end of their third cycle and, for this reason, were easily substituted for those of the Conquistadors, reducing the autochthonous population in favor of the new population:Spanish, French, English, Europeans in general.Now then, what happens in the regions after having gone through the creative wave?African cultures have returned to primitive life, at least up to our days. The Egyptian culture fulfilled the three cycles, in this manner finishing a great expression of civilization developed in our planet.In the Americas, the autochthonous population has been reduced to tribes that tend to extinguish. In this manner, the American lands having been populated by European races, have constituted a series of nations that form the so called “world of Columbus”. In this sense, Dr. Deulofeu maintains the hypothesis that the new settlers would follow the historical rhythm and process of their countries of origin.The mathematics of history precisely states that when Empires are in a depressive phase, they lose their colonies, the new countries begin their so called relative independence phase, characterized by political effervescence and instability and, once it ends, enter into a phase of progress, the first period of great strategic victories.Thus as in the case of the scientific prediction of Dr. Deulofeu, of the creation of a great nucleus in the North of South America, it is estimated that, as with the Spanish Empire, the formation of the Great Colombia of Bolívar (Bolivarian Federation) is initiated in the year 1479, plus five and one-half centuries, could not have happened before the year 2029 (1479 + 550 = 2029).If we study the birth and progress of the North American Nation, according to the mathematics of history, we know that it should follow its country of origin, at a time contrary to the great ex-Portuguese-American colonies. The British Empire was then leaving its Great Depression; in the development of the exacerbation of its hegemonic spirit, and was in its second period of great strategic victories. As a consequence for the United States of America, its first period of great victories, era of great unification, begins in 1780, developing what we know today as the planet’s first and greatest power, with an integral world hegemony estimated to be at least three hundred years into the future.We see that it is different in the Hispanic-Portuguese-American area, in that, as each nation became unified, the capital of each country on the corresponding date, began the phase of relative independence, due to the depressive stages in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires.The year 2050 is estimated as the initial date of the first period of great strategic victories of the new Great Colombia, an immediate date that is rounded off from the year 2029, that is the end of the mother Empire.Bolívar’s Great Colombia, was an event that, after conducting mathematical-historical research, it is concluded that is was temporary, and that should be formed again due to the following reasons:-The chronological rhythm of the appearance of the great unification nuclei in the continent, 1780 for the United States of America and 1819 for Bolívar’s Great Colombia, did not fit due to the date of the displacement of the creative force.-The process that occurred on said dates was not adequate to form nations having historical permanence.-The era of great unification that is being developed in the Americas is the indicated phase for the creation of great nations.-According to the mathematics of history, upon the liberation of a nation like Colombia from its mother empire, the new country begins the phase of relative independence (political instability), a stage that these nations are going through at the present time.-Starting at the end of this phase of relative independence the great unification nuclei are developed, according to the location and development of the creative force that, in this case, according to Dr. Deulofeu, points to the North of South America and that has been referred to as Bolívar’s Great Colombia of the XXI century (year 2050).-In this manner, the first great nucleus for the North of America having been formed in the year 1780, the year 2050 would be estimated for the second great nucleus.The event of the creation of the Great Colombia of the past century (1819-1830), represents the first moment for another one that is more permanent. An announcing event in the geopolitical and geohistorical area, a success and a triumph for the Liberator, at the time and in the space of the Continental American prospective.This is how then, the United States of America from 1780, and the year 2050 as the second time for the formation of this Great Colombia of Bolívar that, with Brazil and the area of Rio de la Plata would develop the first mathematical-historical cycle of Columbus’ continent: America.

The mathematics of history is a human reality. We are facing an undeniable fact, the logical organization of the events of history, without a pure mathematics that is not derived from one that is integral or from a differential equation but, within the mathematical concept of applied sciences where pure results are not achieved with the “Standard Meter”, the model unit of measure that is in Paris that, although it is kept hermetically sealed, is always under the influence of that which is material.

Remembering one of Plato’s maxim: “Vital force has been given to us by God, so that, by observing the sky’s circular motion, we may apply it to the cyclical form of the kingdom of our own thoughts, for they both are their relatives, the difference being that ours are perturbed whilst theirs are free from all perturbation”.

At the beginning of the cycle we warned of a remarkable change.  The ancient nation reduced to a state of servitude has remarkably improved its position and already has a small participation in the harvest. From this moment on, its material and spiritual progress accentuates itself. Since the worker obtains a benefit from his work, his interest increases and, accordingly, improves his tools, worked more and production intensifies.

By this phenomenon repeating itself in all servants, the result is a general increase in wealth. Some more intelligent or more active, specialize. This is how trades are born. The use of money is extended.  Thus, wealth, which was then motionless in the hands of the dominating class, can pass on to the servile class and, a minority, made up of the most intelligent, active or fortunate, begins to become wealthy. With this, there appears a new wealthy aristocracy.

We observe that the ancient division of society changes, giving room so that part of the ancient servants go on to constitute a middle class. One of these minorities, already wealthy, will make up the new aristocracy of wealth or high middle class. Very soon, the high middle class will not be happy with its wealth and will want to invest in city governments. From this moment on, the struggle between the new aristocracy and the old one begins.

This struggle will also follow a law, which is the one we know as “The Law of two steps forward and one step backwards” or Oscillating Law. In this struggle, the new aristocracy is supported by the nation from where it came. Four centuries after the beginning of the cycle, the new aristocracy is the winner and the government of the city is turned over to it. At this time, the middle class orpetit bourgeoisie, has organized in unions or trades, and also wants its place in the government. One new struggle begins between these classes and the high middle class, and through successes and reversals, always obeying the oscillating law, thepetit bourgeoisiefinally joins the city governments.

At this moment all social classes participate in city government, with the preponderance of thepetit bourgeoisie, we then arrive at the democratic regime, with the participation of all citizens in the government through popular assemblies. It is the government of the people. It meets in the public square or in the temple. All citizens intervene with their right to vote, and they decide whether there will be war or peace, the number of officials in the city or the election of its magistrates. The town deals out justice. This democracy does not include the whole town, since one part of the old servile class is left out, but the condition of those dispossessedhas sensibly improved.

During the democratic regimes of the eras of great demographic fractionation, it is the citizens who resolve all city matters as an independent state, by a direct vote.

Human evolution does not ever stop. Once the apex is reached decadence begins. We observe, in the first place, that general interest for city matters is followed by the citizens’ great indifference. They begin to tire of intervening in the assemblies and, in an ever increasing number, stop attending them. Each day, the assembly sees the number of attendees reduced. On the other hand, a new spirit dominates social life. Up to then wealth was shared, there were neither great potentatesnor great misery. Each one within his profession dedicated hours of rest to the manifestations of the spirit. But very soon, a great desire for wealth dominates the high lineageof the middle class, that, in its great majority continues to attend the assemblies and soon modifies the laws to protect itself and increase its wealth.

Commercial and industrial progress also contributes to the concentration of wealth. Great companies are born, while small commerce and industry disappear. Then, great fortunes and magnates of industry make their appearances, while small merchants and industrialists, ruined, go on to increase the humble classes. In short, society will have changed its aspect and the preponderance of the middle class will be substituted by that of a very rich class vis-à-vis a famished people. Such a change brings with it the intensification of class hatred and, forthwith, anarchy and civil war. This struggle presents the characteristics of terrible savagery. Hatred towards the enemy makes them forget their love for the city.

Old local patriotism disappears and, even rival parties will ask for the intervention of a foreign power, if in this manner they can destroy the enemy within. A similar anarchy and civil war, takes control of the cities towards a foreign power, to a dominating center that rapidly extends its hegemony on a great number of cities and on a great territorial extension. We enter into the imperial era.

We have indicated its characteristics, that is, a loss of the personality of the nations that go on to make up part of the empire and acquisition by those subject to the rights of the citizens. Afterwards, under a new imperial domination, comes the political and social regime that it had at the beginning.

The chart clearly indicates the phases of the social evolutions that begin by a first one, that has a duration of four centuries, during which the nation’s gradual progress arises under the domination of the imperial aristocracy. There follows a second phase in which power is taken over by the wealthy aristocracy until the middle class intervenes.

This phase of wealth and democracy aristocracy, has a duration of two and one-half centuries and, therewith, ends the first era of great fractionation that then had a total duration of six and one-half centuries. Then comes the phase of anarchy, civil war or decadence of democracy, and the cities, free until now, fall under the hegemony of an imperial nucleus. This federal phase has a duration of two centuries.

The unitary absolutist phase follows with the ascending process of the centuries, after which the decadence of the regime begins. A central power debilitation process is produced and, finally, disintegration comes and the nations of the empire remain under the domination of the new imperial nucleus that will subject the old citizens to the regime of servitude and slavery with which the century ends.

I.- a)From remote times, currents of culture are produced that are displaced over the surface of the earth, originating civilizations of diverse grades of advance, among others, some as advanced as the present ones and that, at the same time, develop great unification nuclei, empires or great nations.

In addition to the discovery of the great prehistoric civilizations, it should be added that the constitution of present-day skulls, is analogous to those of 400,000 years ago B.C., and so the utilization of fire, the date of which goes back to 250,000 B.C.  In this sense, we should immediately study and research what man did in that space of time.

With the results of the excavations and works of Schliemann (Archeologist), Homer and the characters of The Iliad, stopped belonging to mythology and now are part of Greek history.

Likewise, the works of Evans (English Archeologist), the German Egyptologist, Lepsius, the French Egyptologist, Mariette and the English Archeologist and Egyptologist, Petrie, constitute a great headway.

b)Referring to the development of Assyrian,Babylonian, Egyptian and Cretancultures, note the proportions and grandeur of their constructions, superior to others in any manner of comparison.

Luxury, refinement and sumptuousness reached extremes that have not been surpassed up to our time, an example of this is the Palace of Knossos, in the Island of Crete, comparable to the grandest palaces in modern and contemporary Europe, with its white columns, walls decorated with frescoes, rooms having overflowing luxury, beautiful bathrooms with water ducts and aeration devices.

People having garments and fashion that were superior to those of modern civilization. “Thus, in the frescoes one can see young people in a gracious and “nonchalant” attitude, lazily spread out in garden swings, playing or talking with Parisian wit in their eyes and their expression”. (The Mathematics of History).

In relation to the scientific field, Greek and Egyptian alchemists had a concept of matter and of atomic energy that is the same as those we have today. For atomic transmission, they used a simple retortand a universal crystallizer called a PhilosophalStone, that heretofore, has been impossible to reconstruct.

The mathematics of history shows that during the imperial phase of their second historic cycle and at a time that is symmetrical to ours, Egyptians perfectly knew the economic structure and its practical applications, as well as Einstein’s formula.

In India, the worry that we feel regarding atomic energy as a danger that can lead to the destruction of humanity, already existed near the year 275 B.C., at the beginning of the Kingdom of the Emperor Asoka (273-232 B.C.).

The Pyramid of Keops, built between 2700 and 2600 years B.C., is an encyclopedia of very advanced knowledge, as well as the geometric numeric system of exact sciences that was the origin of ancient units of measure. Rauston Skinner says that Parker’s reason was a foundation. This Astronomer found the integral reason between circumference and diameter, discovered by John Parker, 6,561, for the diameter and 20,612 for the circumference which brought forth the “Pi” result, that is, 3.14169265....

Aside from other data and measures regarding exact sciences, I hereby transcribe the following from the mathematics of history:  “That is, that in the year 2700 B.C., the laws that were afterwards described by Kepler, were perfectly known, as well as Copernicus’ system, that is, after the Egyptian civilization, the great knowledge of their mathematicians and astronomers were lost, and the Greek culture ignored the Egyptian knowledge and, it is only upon its disappearance and in his attempt to explain the world, that Ptolemyof Alexandria, who lived in the II Century, discovers the geocentric system, this meaning the earth was considered the center of the solar system”.

This doctrine, based on mere appearance, was a concept that had forgotten the great knowledge of their ancestors, and we have to reach Kepler and Copernicus (1530), in order to rediscover the laws that govern the movement of the planets and that the Egyptians knew well in the era of the Pyramids.

Saniland Wake in his work “The origin and significance of the great pyramid”, affirms that a geometrically, numerically and astronomically exact scientific system, founded on the mathematical relations of “Pi”, formed part of a language that he thinks was contained and hidden within the type of the Hebrew text of the Bible.

II.- a)The mathematics of history shows that cultures and civilizations that are substituted with mathematical precision existed and still exist, giving way to a transcript or current, that keeps moving on the surface of the earth. A regular and precise succession of the vitality of nations mathematically carried out on this planet.

Thus, after the Sumerian,towards the East there is the Indian Culture, the Chinese culture and that of Japan; towards the West there is the Egyptian, Greek and Romantic-Gothic cultures.

It has been observed that each one begins in a region, extending themselves through the neighboring regions to which they arrive with relation to their point of origin, which means the transfer of the same culture.

The Sumerianculture is born in the junction of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, and existed throughout Elam, the Iran,Baluchistan... until it occupied the area limited by two vertical lines:  one that comes down from the shores of the Caspian Sea reaches the Persian Gulf, and another, starting from its source at the Euphratesand continues towards the West throughout the valley of the same river.

The Indian culture originated in the north-eastern part, extending throughout the whole Hindu Valley. The Egyptian culture was born in the Nile delta where the first urban nuclei appeared.

The Chinese culture came about in the valley formed by the Huang-Ho and Wei-Ho rivers, while the Greek culture has its birth in the Island of Crete, after this awakening it is transmitted to the coasts of Asia Minor and to the CycladeIslands. Afterwards to the North, in Ionia, Eolida and after a century, it arrives in Greece. This advance in the creative current continues towards the West and arrives in Sicily and the South of Italy.

Western or Roman-Gothic culture has its origin in the Southeast of the Iberian Peninsula. Its area of extension in the second cycle that is presently being developed is in the mouth of the Ebro and Rhine rivers.

b)A culture gets ahead of another in an approximate cycle of 1700 years, and a delay in transmission regarding the second cycle is between 150 to 200 years.

While the first cycle of the Egyptian culture is produced, the nations of the rest of the Mediterranean are in a state of primary life and when the second cycle of the Egyptian culture begins, the awakening of the Greek culture by the Island of Crete begins (2700 B.C.), with a delay of transmission regarding the beginning of the second Egyptian cycle, of some 150 to 200 years, with that difference in time they develop in a manner that is parallel to the second Egyptian cycle that reaches Thesalia.The rest of the Mediterranean nations still continue in a state of primary life.

Let us go on to the third Egyptian cycle (1250 B.C.).  In an evident and parallel manner, with the already known delay due to geographical transfer, the second cycle of the Greek culture is produced, which will not be limited to the previous area but that crossing Thesaliait arrives in Sicily and Meridional Italy or Great Greece, that is, that once more the culture transfer event is manifested.

While this phenomenon is being produced, the appearance of a new culture takes place, the Western or Roman-Gothic culture, with the delay of a cycle with respect to the culture immediately before, in this case, the Greek culture, in addition to the delay of transfer in time of 150 to 200 years (annex 1).

In this manner, then, the cultures researched by the mathematics of history and totally extinguished are: the Sumerian, Egyptian, Peruvian and Mexican cultures, that lasted 5,100 years, that is, three cycles of 1,700 years each.  The first one of them, the creative cycle, the second, splendor and, the third, rebirth.

The Indian, Chinese and Greek cultures are reaching the end of the three cycles of their process, while the Western Roman-Gothic culture at the present time is developing the era of unification of the second cycle.

c)In the era of great fractionation of each first historic cycle, culture is created. The second is the phase of splendor and the third, rebirth. In the unification eras culture having no creativity whatsoever is created.

In today’s world, the development of the era of great unification predominates, that is, of the nuclei of unification or nations.  Practically, the era of fractionation is not developed and, accordingly, there is no creativity process, only the culture that civilization already has is applied.

Culture, its creativity, its process, is akin to the era of great demographic fractionation (six and one-half centuries), corresponding to each ethnic group in the geographic area in which it is developed.

Thus, for example, in Europe:

Ionia, from 1100 B.C. to 450 B.C.

Greece, from 1000 B.C. to 350 B.C.

Italy, from 920 B.C. to 270 B.C.

Iberian Peninsula, from 880 B.C. to 230 B.C.

Gaul, from 770 B.C. to 120 B.C.

British Isles, 700 B.C. to 50 B.C.

Germany, from 550 B.C. to 100 B.C.

The imperial eras of great unification were:

Ionia, from 450 B.C. to 500 B.C.

Greece, from 350 B.C. to 700 B.C.

Italy, up to the mouth of the Rhine River.

As we can see, the creative center displaces itself in the same sense as the general process. The creative process is not manifested for each cycle and for every region with the same intensity. Although the political and social evolution may be the same and uses the same time in both cycles, the creative power, however, is variable.

The creative process always follows the same evolution: birth, growth and completeness, decadence and death, that is, an identical transformation. In its first cycle a creative process having little intensity will appear, in the second cycle it will be more intense and, in the third, it will be less intense, like a rebirth.

According to the mathematics of history, it can be deduced that three cycles are perfectly distinguished in cultures-civilizations, no matter what the region in the planet may be. Since each cycle lasts 1,700 years, the total duration of each culture-civilization is 5,100 years.

In the first cycle, art and culture in general, although they may have their own seal, manifest an influence of a prior creative process, as in the case of Mycene vis-à-vis Cretan art, or Iberian vis-à-vis Greek.

In the second cycle, the creative personality is manifested with all its splendor and originality. It is like a new style.

In the third there is no creation, it is a rebirth of the art and culture of the prior two cycles.  It is then the second cycle that defines the characteristic of a culture.

Iberian Peninsula 230 B.C.- 820 A.D.

Gaul 120 B.C. - 930 A.D.

The British Isles 50 B.C.- 1000 A.D.

Germany 100 B.C.- 1150 A.D.

Ionia 1100 B.C. - 450 A.D.

It may be observed that Greece starts the century 100 years after Ionia, that is, in 1000 B.C., thus, the process for Italian and Iberian nations of Gaul.

Not only is the chronological difference manifested but also that this delay is perfectly regular and results as a function of the geographic position. It is a very important fact that the creative process does not manifest the same intensity in these diverse regions but that the creative center appears in Ionia in order to reach maximum intensity in Greece.

After the unifying wave that began in the Eastern Mediterranean with the Persian Empire and that ended with the nuclei of the Byzantine and the Germanic Empires, with the disintegration of the latter a new wave of great fractionation arises that extended throughout Europe, advancing through exactly the same road as the former one.

17 centuries from the beginning of the first historic cycle, European nations find themselves in the same social organization of the first cycle and go through exactly the same evolution.  Thus, in this second cycle, in their great fractionation era we have:

Ionia, from 600 A.D. to 1250 A.D.

Greece, from 700 A.D. to 1350 A.D.

Italy, from 780 A.D. to 1430 A.D.

The Iberian Peninsula, from 820 A.D. to 1470 A.D.

Gaul, from 930 A.D. to 1580 A.D.

British Isles, from 1000 A.D. a 1650 A.D.

Germany, from 1150 A.D. to 1800 A.D.

In the era of great unification we have:

Ionia, 1,250 - 2,300

Greece, 1,350 - 2,400

Italy, 1,430 - 2,480

Iberia, 1,470 - 2,520

Gaul, 1,580 - 2,630

The British Isles, 1,650 - 2,700

Germany, 1,800 - 2,850

It may be observed that the cycle is exactly repeated with identical characteristics, but with the difference that the creative center is at the mouth of the Ebro River, from where the creative process will be extended in order to show its maximum exposure in the lands of Gaul.

III.- a)From the beginning of the so called historic era up to the present time, in the phase of unification of ten and one-half centuries of the cycle of 1,700 years, unification nuclei have been developing and continue to do so, nations that follow a process in its formation and development, going through a series of precise phases, with an identical general evolution.

Thus, all empires that have existed from the beginning of historic times up to the present time, have followed the mathematical law of history and its process, including the Egyptian Empires and those of Inner Asia, as well as those of Thinitian (3700-3150 B.C.), Memphite (3150-2650 B.C.), Thebaic (2000-1450 B.C.) and Assyrian (1200-612 B.C.) (see attached empire chart).

b)Europe.

1.-In this continent the first historical cycle developed with an era of great demographic fractionation lasting six and one-half centuries, and an era of great unification, in which, in chronological order, the Macedonian, Roman, Visigoth and Teutonic Empires were developed.

Afterwards, the second cycle in the middle ages that in general lines is made up of what the mathematics of history defines as an era of great demographic fractionation and is still being fulfilled at the present time.  The following unification nuclei have been developed and are still developed, in chronological order:  The Spanish, French, English and German Empires, the creative force being found in the latter nation.

This geographical area, that of the Germanic, has followed its process thus:  Its first cycle in the fractionation era (550-100 B.C.), the unification era (100 B.C.-1150 A.D.), in which the Teutonic Empire was developed (800-1300); its second cycle, era of great fractionation (1150-1800), that of unification (1800-2850) and the one where the present nucleus develops. Around the year 1850, the Germanic confederation is created, after the French campaign of 1814 to 1815. Prussia goes on to be the central nucleus of the new Empire, initiating its first strategic victories with the Schesvig Holstein conquest (1866). Austria is defeated in Sadowa (1866) and France in Sedan (1870).

This historic phase takes place in a Federal regime. The great depression (1918-1935), with the characteristic internal civil war, uprising of the Empire nations against Russia’s dominion and the invasion up to the Rhine of the allied armies, in the continuation of the process of this phase, and later begins the second period of great victories with the occupation of Austria (1933), Poland, Norway, Holland, Belgium, France, The Balkan Peninsula, Russia and North Africa.

Afterwards follows the military disaster phase in the year 1945, with the defeat of the Second World War and the known consequences.

2.-Culture. Regarding this field we observe that its creative area and the power of this continent, is France, while the geographical area of the romantic-Gothic culture or Western culture, is made up of the area between the mouth of the Ebro River and that of the Rhine, that is, it covers Spain, France, Belgium and Holland.

3.-The Slavic towns fulfilled their first cycle of the process with their great fractionation era and that of unification, under the hegemony of the Varangians, Veraics, Vikings and, afterwards, the Kev Empire.   They go through their Federal phase under this nucleus (850-1350), followed by the disintegration phase (1350-1450).

In the year 1462, the Principality of Moscow extends its hegemony above the nations of Russia initiating its first period of great victories, the Tartars are defeated and Kahn Ibrahim goes on to be Ivan III’s vassal and tributary (1470).

The domination of the new Empire reaches the Urals. During this kingdom the conquest of Siberia begins with expeditions and explorations. This period continues with Vasily IV (1505-1533) and Ivan IV (1533-1583).

In 1558, the rich Merchant of Novgorod, George Straganoff, obtained some 150,000 Km2 in the shores or the Kama river and one of his agents conquered a zone further to the East, with the victory of the seizing of Sibir. The whole region on the other side of the Uralstook the name of Sibir, Siberia.

This phase takes place within a broadly Federal regime. The power of the Emperor resulted from the power of the people, who manifested themselves in the Assemblies. Thus, Ivan IV, even called the representatives of the cities, noblemen, merchants, and in agreement with them, carried out his expansive work and published a Code of Laws.

The Great Depression, (1580-1645), begins in the Kingdom Ivan IV, with the loss of Smolenks and Livonia, Carelia, Ingria and all the space between it and Novgorod. The Empire is invaded by the Polonaise and the Swedes.

The second period of victories began in the regime of Alexis Mikaylovitch (1645-1676), the conquest of Smolenks,Vitebsk, Molhiof, Polosk, Kiev and thus, all Lithuania, follows the conquest of Carelia, Ingria and Livonia, the seize of Neufchatel, Dorpal, Narva.  The military disaster occurs when the Polonaiseand the Tartars defeat Alexis (1667). In the phase of strategic conservation, the highest integral point:  defeat with the Austrians.

The defeat of Czarmovaoccurs in Austerlitz (1805); in Morugen (1807).The well supplied Russian troops defeat Napoleon (1812) in the Crimean War, conquer Central Asia from the Caucasian up to the Himalayas, Tashkent (1867), Bokova and Kiva (1873), and Meru (1884).

The phase of decadence begins with the Russian- Japanese War in 1904, the loss of Port Arthur and Sakhalin Island, the War with Finland, the German invasion during the Second World War and the Allies’ fundamental aid, acceptance of the UN decision regarding Greece and Azerbaijan, the giving up of Manchuria and the separation of Yugoslavia in 1948.

Thus, the Slav Nations are finishing their first historical cycle with their Moscow nucleus, to begin the second one in its era of great demographic fractionation.

c)Continental China is developing the last unification nucleus of its third mathematical-historical cycle.  The creative force is between the Huang-Ho and Wei-Ho rivers and, this great unified group over Beijing, as well as Japan, develops one of the greatest Asian powers.

This People’s Republic of China, fulfilled the process of its first cycle between 2900 B.C. and 1150 B.C., the second cycle between 150 B.C. and 550 A.D., and its third one, that began on this last date and should end in the year 2200, during this term developing the great nucleus that exists at the present time with its Capital in Beijing.

So that in the year 1912, the Manchurian Empire ends, the phase of relative independence beginning and lasting up to the year 1950, date on which the first period of great victories of the present Continental China or the Peoples Republic of China begins in this third mathematical-historical cycle of 1,700 years.

d)Japan is another place in Asia where the creative force is developed.  This Country is in the same phase of strategic conservation and at its highest integral point.

IV.- a)The precision of displacement and development of the creative wave in the European and Asian cultures, was confirmed by Dr. Deulofeu. Thus we have as an example that the three cycles of Chinese culture correspond to the three cycles of Indian culture and the first cycle of Japan follows.

In the Americas the third cycle of indigenous cultures. From the study of these pre-Columbian cultures we learned that the Toltec, Aztec, Mayan and Inca cultures exactly obeyed the mathematics of the history of our civilization.

In the second cycle, year of great fractionation in the Mexican culture, we have the Oomecan art and, in its third cycle in the same era, the Mayan art; in the unification era, we have the Toltec and Aztec Empires, with which the third cycle ends.  In the Peruvian culture, the first in its era of great fractionation we find the Pre-Chimu art, then Tiahuacu art with which this cycle ends.

In the third cycle, era of great fractionation, there are the Tahuantinsuyo and Inca Empires in the era of unification, thus ending this cycle.

b)With regards to the unification nuclei in our continent, we learn that once the Spanish Empire extended its hegemony in America, the American cultures were reaching the end of their third cycle and, for this reason, were easily substituted for those of the Conquistadors, reducing the autochthonous population in favor of the new population:

Spanish, French, English, Europeans in general.

Now then, what happens in the regions after having gone through the creative wave?

African cultures have returned to primitive life, at least up to our days. The Egyptian culture fulfilled the three cycles, in this manner finishing a great expression of civilization developed in our planet.

In the Americas, the autochthonous population has been reduced to tribes that tend to extinguish. In this manner, the American lands having been populated by European races, have constituted a series of nations that form the so called “world of Columbus”. In this sense, Dr. Deulofeu maintains the hypothesis that the new settlers would follow the historical rhythm and process of their countries of origin.

The mathematics of history precisely states that when Empires are in a depressive phase, they lose their colonies, the new countries begin their so called relative independence phase, characterized by political effervescence and instability and, once it ends, enter into a phase of progress, the first period of great strategic victories.

Thus as in the case of the scientific prediction of Dr. Deulofeu, of the creation of a great nucleus in the North of South America, it is estimated that, as with the Spanish Empire, the formation of the Great Colombia of Bolívar (Bolivarian Federation) is initiated in the year 1479, plus five and one-half centuries, could not have happened before the year 2029 (1479 + 550 = 2029).

If we study the birth and progress of the North American Nation, according to the mathematics of history, we know that it should follow its country of origin, at a time contrary to the great ex-Portuguese-American colonies. The British Empire was then leaving its Great Depression; in the development of the exacerbation of its hegemonic spirit, and was in its second period of great strategic victories. As a consequence for the United States of America, its first period of great victories, era of great unification, begins in 1780, developing what we know today as the planet’s first and greatest power, with an integral world hegemony estimated to be at least three hundred years into the future.

We see that it is different in the Hispanic-Portuguese-American area, in that, as each nation became unified, the capital of each country on the corresponding date, began the phase of relative independence, due to the depressive stages in the Spanish and Portuguese Empires.

The year 2050 is estimated as the initial date of the first period of great strategic victories of the new Great Colombia, an immediate date that is rounded off from the year 2029, that is the end of the mother Empire.

Bolívar’s Great Colombia, was an event that, after conducting mathematical-historical research, it is concluded that is was temporary, and that should be formed again due to the following reasons:

-The chronological rhythm of the appearance of the great unification nuclei in the continent, 1780 for the United States of America and 1819 for Bolívar’s Great Colombia, did not fit due to the date of the displacement of the creative force.

-The process that occurred on said dates was not adequate to form nations having historical permanence.

-The era of great unification that is being developed in the Americas is the indicated phase for the creation of great nations.

-According to the mathematics of history, upon the liberation of a nation like Colombia from its mother empire, the new country begins the phase of relative independence (political instability), a stage that these nations are going through at the present time.

-Starting at the end of this phase of relative independence the great unification nuclei are developed, according to the location and development of the creative force that, in this case, according to Dr. Deulofeu, points to the North of South America and that has been referred to as Bolívar’s Great Colombia of the XXI century (year 2050).

-In this manner, the first great nucleus for the North of America having been formed in the year 1780, the year 2050 would be estimated for the second great nucleus.

The event of the creation of the Great Colombia of the past century (1819-1830), represents the first moment for another one that is more permanent. An announcing event in the geopolitical and geohistorical area, a success and a triumph for the Liberator, at the time and in the space of the Continental American prospective.

This is how then, the United States of America from 1780, and the year 2050 as the second time for the formation of this Great Colombia of Bolívar that, with Brazil and the area of Rio de la Plata would develop the first mathematical-historical cycle of Columbus’ continent: America.


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