4.They through the fields of Paradise that roam,The blessed ones, repeat that bright homeAlleluia.
4.They through the fields of Paradise that roam,
The blessed ones, repeat that bright home
Alleluia.
5.Quin et astrorummicantia luminariaiubilant altumAlleluia.
5.Quin et astrorum
micantia luminaria
iubilant altum
Alleluia.
5.The planets glitt’ring on their heavenly way,The shining constellations, join, and sayAlleluia.
5.The planets glitt’ring on their heavenly way,
The shining constellations, join, and say
Alleluia.
6.Nubium cursus,ventorum volatus,fulgurum coruscatioet tonitruum sonitusdulce consonent simulAlleluia.
6.Nubium cursus,
ventorum volatus,
fulgurum coruscatio
et tonitruum sonitus
dulce consonent simul
Alleluia.
6.Ye clouds that onward sweep!Ye winds on pinions light!Ye thunders, echoing loud and deep!Ye lightnings, wildly bright!In sweet consent unite yourAlleluia.
6.Ye clouds that onward sweep!
Ye winds on pinions light!
Ye thunders, echoing loud and deep!
Ye lightnings, wildly bright!
In sweet consent unite your
Alleluia.
7.Fluctus et undae,imber et procellae,tempestas et serenitas,cauma, gelu, nix, pruinae,saltus, nemora pangantAlleluia.
7.Fluctus et undae,
imber et procellae,
tempestas et serenitas,
cauma, gelu, nix, pruinae,
saltus, nemora pangant
Alleluia.
7.Ye floods and ocean billows!Ye storms and winter snow!Ye days of cloudless beauty!Hoar frost and summer glow!Ye groves that wave in spring,And glorious forests, singAlleluia.
7.Ye floods and ocean billows!
Ye storms and winter snow!
Ye days of cloudless beauty!
Hoar frost and summer glow!
Ye groves that wave in spring,
And glorious forests, sing
Alleluia.
8.Hinc, variae volucres,creatoremlaudibus concinite cumAlleluia.
8.Hinc, variae volucres,
creatorem
laudibus concinite cum
Alleluia.
8.First let the birds, with painted plummage gay,Exalt their great Creator’s praise, and sayAlleluia.
8.First let the birds, with painted plummage gay,
Exalt their great Creator’s praise, and say
Alleluia.
9.Ast illinc respondeantvoces altaediversarum bestiarumAlleluia.
9.Ast illinc respondeant
voces altae
diversarum bestiarum
Alleluia.
9.Then let the beasts of earth, with varying strain,Join in Creation’s Hymn, and cry againAlleluia.
9.Then let the beasts of earth, with varying strain,
Join in Creation’s Hymn, and cry again
Alleluia.
10.Istinc montiumcelsi vertices sonentAlleluia.
10.Istinc montium
celsi vertices sonent
Alleluia.
10.Here let the mountains thunder forth, sonorous,AlleluiaThere let the valleys sing in gentler chorus,Alleluia.
10.Here let the mountains thunder forth, sonorous,
Alleluia
There let the valleys sing in gentler chorus,
Alleluia.
11.Illinc valliumprofunditates saltentAlleluia.
11.Illinc vallium
profunditates saltent
Alleluia.
11.Thou jubilant abyss of ocean, cryAlleluia.Ye tracts of earth and continents, replyAlleluia.
11.Thou jubilant abyss of ocean, cry
Alleluia.
Ye tracts of earth and continents, reply
Alleluia.
12.Tu quoque, marisiubilans abysse, dicAlleluia.
12.Tu quoque, maris
iubilans abysse, dic
Alleluia.
12.To God, Who all Creation made,The frequent hymn be duly paid:Alleluia.
12.To God, Who all Creation made,
The frequent hymn be duly paid:
Alleluia.
13.Necnon terrarummolis immensitates:Alleluia.
13.Necnon terrarum
molis immensitates:
Alleluia.
13.This is the strain, the eternal strain, the Lord of all things loves:Alleluia.This is the song, the heav’nly song, that Christ Himself approves:Alleluia.
13.This is the strain, the eternal strain, the Lord of all things loves:
Alleluia.
This is the song, the heav’nly song, that Christ Himself approves:
Alleluia.
14.Nunc omne genushumanum laudans exsultetAlleluia.
14.Nunc omne genus
humanum laudans exsultet
Alleluia.
14.Wherefore we sing, both heart and voice awaking,Alleluia.And children’s voices echo, answer making,Alleluia.
14.Wherefore we sing, both heart and voice awaking,
Alleluia.
And children’s voices echo, answer making,
Alleluia.
15.Et creatorigrates frequentans consonetAlleluia.
15.Et creatori
grates frequentans consonet
Alleluia.
15.Now from all men be outpour’dAlleluia to the Lord;With Alleluia evermoreThe Son and Spirit we adore.
15.Now from all men be outpour’d
Alleluia to the Lord;
With Alleluia evermore
The Son and Spirit we adore.
16.Hoc denique nomen audireiugiter delectaturAlleluia.
16.Hoc denique nomen audire
iugiter delectatur
Alleluia.
16.Praise be done to Three in One.Alleluia! Alleluia! Alleluia! Alleluia!
16.Praise be done to Three in One.
Alleluia! Alleluia! Alleluia! Alleluia!
17.Hoc etiam carmen caelestecomprobat ipse ChristusAlleluia.
17.Hoc etiam carmen caeleste
comprobat ipse Christus
Alleluia.
18.Nunc vos, O socii,cantate laetantesAlleluia.
18.Nunc vos, O socii,
cantate laetantes
Alleluia.
19.Et vos, pueruli,respondete semperAlleluia.
19.Et vos, pueruli,
respondete semper
Alleluia.
20.Nunc omnes canite simulAlleluiaDomino,AlleluiaChristoPneumatiqueAlleluia.
20.Nunc omnes canite simul
AlleluiaDomino,
AlleluiaChristo
PneumatiqueAlleluia.
21.Laus trinitati aeternae:Alleluia, Alleluia,Alleluia, Alleluia,Alleluia, Alleluia.
21.Laus trinitati aeternae:
Alleluia, Alleluia,
Alleluia, Alleluia,
Alleluia, Alleluia.
Tr. John Mason Neale,Mediaeval Hymns and Sequences, London. Masters, 1867, p. 43.Stanzas 10-13 translate Latin 10-21.
Tr. John Mason Neale,Mediaeval Hymns and Sequences, London. Masters, 1867, p. 43.
Stanzas 10-13 translate Latin 10-21.
1.Heri mundus exultavit,Et exultans celebravitChristi natalitia:Heri chorus angelorumProsecutus est caelorumRegem cum laetitia.
1.Heri mundus exultavit,
Et exultans celebravit
Christi natalitia:
Heri chorus angelorum
Prosecutus est caelorum
Regem cum laetitia.
1.Yesterday, with exultationJoined the world in celebrationOf her promis’d Saviour’s birth;Yesterday the Angel nationPour’d the strains of jubilationO’er the Monarch born on earth.
1.Yesterday, with exultation
Joined the world in celebration
Of her promis’d Saviour’s birth;
Yesterday the Angel nation
Pour’d the strains of jubilation
O’er the Monarch born on earth.
2.Protomartyr et Levita,Clarus fide, clarus vita,Clarus et miraculis,Sub hac luce triumphavit,Et triumphans insultavitStephanus incredulis.
2.Protomartyr et Levita,
Clarus fide, clarus vita,
Clarus et miraculis,
Sub hac luce triumphavit,
Et triumphans insultavit
Stephanus incredulis.
2.But to-day, o’er death victorious,By His faith and actions glorious,By His miracles renown’d,Dared the Deacon ProtomartyrEarthly life for Heav’n to barter,Faithful midst the faithless found.
2.But to-day, o’er death victorious,
By His faith and actions glorious,
By His miracles renown’d,
Dared the Deacon Protomartyr
Earthly life for Heav’n to barter,
Faithful midst the faithless found.
3.Fremunt ergo tanquam ferae,Quia victi defecereLucis victi adversarii:Falsos testes statuunt,Et linguas exacuuntViperarum filii.
3.Fremunt ergo tanquam ferae,
Quia victi defecere
Lucis victi adversarii:
Falsos testes statuunt,
Et linguas exacuunt
Viperarum filii.
3.In a hopeless strife engaging,They like savage beasts are raging,Adversaries of the light;False the witnesses they set;Tongues like swords the rabble whet,Viper brood of darkest night.
3.In a hopeless strife engaging,
They like savage beasts are raging,
Adversaries of the light;
False the witnesses they set;
Tongues like swords the rabble whet,
Viper brood of darkest night.
4.Agonista, nulli cede;Certa certus de mercede,Perservera, Stephane:Insta falsis testibus,Confuta sermonibusSynagogam Satanae.
4.Agonista, nulli cede;
Certa certus de mercede,
Perservera, Stephane:
Insta falsis testibus,
Confuta sermonibus
Synagogam Satanae.
4.Forward, champion, in thy quarrel!Certain of a certain laurel,Holy Stephen, persevere!Perjur’d witnesses confoundingSatan’s Synagogue astoundingBy thy doctrine true and clear.
4.Forward, champion, in thy quarrel!
Certain of a certain laurel,
Holy Stephen, persevere!
Perjur’d witnesses confounding
Satan’s Synagogue astounding
By thy doctrine true and clear.
5.Testis tuus est in caelis,Testis verax et fidelis,Testis innocentiae.Nomen habes coronati,Te tormenta decet patiPro corona gloriae.
5.Testis tuus est in caelis,
Testis verax et fidelis,
Testis innocentiae.
Nomen habes coronati,
Te tormenta decet pati
Pro corona gloriae.
5.Lo! in Heaven thy Witness liveth:Bright and faithful proof He givethOf His Martyr’s blamelessness:Thou by name a Crown impliest;Meetly then in pangs thou diestFor the Crown of Righteousness!
5.Lo! in Heaven thy Witness liveth:
Bright and faithful proof He giveth
Of His Martyr’s blamelessness:
Thou by name a Crown impliest;
Meetly then in pangs thou diest
For the Crown of Righteousness!
6.Pro corona non marcentiPerfer brevis vim tormenti,Te manet victoria.Tibi fiet mors, natalis,Tibi poena terminalisDat vitae primordia.
6.Pro corona non marcenti
Perfer brevis vim tormenti,
Te manet victoria.
Tibi fiet mors, natalis,
Tibi poena terminalis
Dat vitae primordia.
6.For a crown that fadeth never,Bear the torturer’s brief endeavour;Victory waits to end the strife:Death shall be thy birth’s beginning,And life’s losing be the winningOf the true and better Life.
6.For a crown that fadeth never,
Bear the torturer’s brief endeavour;
Victory waits to end the strife:
Death shall be thy birth’s beginning,
And life’s losing be the winning
Of the true and better Life.
7.Plenus Sancto SpirituPenetrat intuituStephanus caelestia.Videns Dei gloriamCrescit ad victoriam,Suspirat ad praemia.
7.Plenus Sancto Spiritu
Penetrat intuitu
Stephanus caelestia.
Videns Dei gloriam
Crescit ad victoriam,
Suspirat ad praemia.
7.Whom the Holy Ghost endueth,Whom celestial sight embueth,Stephen penetrates the skies;There God’s fullest glory viewingThere his victor strength renewingFor his near reward he sighs.
7.Whom the Holy Ghost endueth,
Whom celestial sight embueth,
Stephen penetrates the skies;
There God’s fullest glory viewing
There his victor strength renewing
For his near reward he sighs.
8.En a dextris Dei stantemIesum, pro te dimicantem,Stephane, considera.Tibi caelos reserari,Tibi Christum revelariClama voce libera.
8.En a dextris Dei stantem
Iesum, pro te dimicantem,
Stephane, considera.
Tibi caelos reserari,
Tibi Christum revelari
Clama voce libera.
8.See, as Jewish foes invade thee,See how Jesus stands to aid thee!Stands to guard His champion’s death:Cry that opened Heaven is shown thee:Cry that Jesus waits to own thee:Cry it with thy latest breath!
8.See, as Jewish foes invade thee,
See how Jesus stands to aid thee!
Stands to guard His champion’s death:
Cry that opened Heaven is shown thee:
Cry that Jesus waits to own thee:
Cry it with thy latest breath!
9.Se commendat Salvatori,Pro quo dulce ducit moriSub ipsis lapidibus.Saulus servat omniumVestes lapidantium,Lapidans in omnibus.
9.Se commendat Salvatori,
Pro quo dulce ducit mori
Sub ipsis lapidibus.
Saulus servat omnium
Vestes lapidantium,
Lapidans in omnibus.
9.On his Saviour’s aid relying,Sweet to him the pain of dying,’Neath the fearful rain of stone:Paul amidst the stoning throng,Guarding garments, makes the wrongOf the angry Jews his own.
9.On his Saviour’s aid relying,
Sweet to him the pain of dying,
’Neath the fearful rain of stone:
Paul amidst the stoning throng,
Guarding garments, makes the wrong
Of the angry Jews his own.
10.Ne peccatum statuaturHis, a quibus lapidatur,Genu ponit et precatur,Condolens insaniae:In Christo sic obdormivit,Qui Christo sic obedivit,Et cum Christo semper vivit,Martyrum primitiae.
10.Ne peccatum statuatur
His, a quibus lapidatur,
Genu ponit et precatur,
Condolens insaniae:
In Christo sic obdormivit,
Qui Christo sic obedivit,
Et cum Christo semper vivit,
Martyrum primitiae.
10.As the dying Martyr kneeleth,For his murderers he appealeth,And his prayer their pardon sealeth,For their madness grieving sore;Then in Christ he sleepeth sweetly,Who His pattern kept completely,Martyr first-fruits, evermore!
10.As the dying Martyr kneeleth,
For his murderers he appealeth,
And his prayer their pardon sealeth,
For their madness grieving sore;
Then in Christ he sleepeth sweetly,
Who His pattern kept completely,
Martyr first-fruits, evermore!
Tr. John Mason Neale,Mediaeval Hymns and Sequences, London. Masters, 1867, p. 134.
Tr. John Mason Neale,Mediaeval Hymns and Sequences, London. Masters, 1867, p. 134.
St. 3, tr. Stephen A. Hurlbut. Quoted by permission of author. Stanzas 11, 12 omitted.
St. 3, tr. Stephen A. Hurlbut. Quoted by permission of author. Stanzas 11, 12 omitted.
1.Ad perennis vitae fontem mens sitivit arida;Claustra carnis praesto frangi clausa quaerit anima:Gliscit, ambit, eluctatur exul frui patria.
1.Ad perennis vitae fontem mens sitivit arida;
Claustra carnis praesto frangi clausa quaerit anima:
Gliscit, ambit, eluctatur exul frui patria.
1.To the fount of life eternal cries the soul with longing thirst,And the spirit, flesh-imprisoned, seeks the bars of flesh to burst;Strives to gain that heavenly country, exiled now and sin-accurst.
1.To the fount of life eternal cries the soul with longing thirst,
And the spirit, flesh-imprisoned, seeks the bars of flesh to burst;
Strives to gain that heavenly country, exiled now and sin-accurst.
2.Dum pressuris ac aerumnis se gemit obnoxiam,Quam amisit, dum deliquit, contemplatur gloriam,Praesens malum auget boni perditi memoriam.
2.Dum pressuris ac aerumnis se gemit obnoxiam,
Quam amisit, dum deliquit, contemplatur gloriam,
Praesens malum auget boni perditi memoriam.
2.Sore beset with care and danger, groans the spirit for release,Still beholds, though lost in Eden, glory forfeited and peace;Former good, in memory dwelling, doth the present ill increase.
2.Sore beset with care and danger, groans the spirit for release,
Still beholds, though lost in Eden, glory forfeited and peace;
Former good, in memory dwelling, doth the present ill increase.
3.Nam quis promat summae pacis quanta sit laetitia,Ubi vivis margaritis surgunt aedificia,Auro celsa micant tecta, radiant triclinia?
3.Nam quis promat summae pacis quanta sit laetitia,
Ubi vivis margaritis surgunt aedificia,
Auro celsa micant tecta, radiant triclinia?
3.Who can tell how great the joy of that Peace surpassing all,Where of living pearls constructed rise the stately buildings tall,Where with gold the rooftree glitters, shines with gold the banquet-hall.
3.Who can tell how great the joy of that Peace surpassing all,
Where of living pearls constructed rise the stately buildings tall,
Where with gold the rooftree glitters, shines with gold the banquet-hall.
4.Solis gemmis pretiosis haec structura nectitur;Auro mundo, tamquam vitro, urbis via sternitur;Abest limus, deest fimus, lues nulla cernitur.
4.Solis gemmis pretiosis haec structura nectitur;
Auro mundo, tamquam vitro, urbis via sternitur;
Abest limus, deest fimus, lues nulla cernitur.
4.All of precious stones compacted rise those structures of delight;Purest gold as crystal shining paves the heavenly city bright;Never mire nor filth defiling stains the streets of radiant light.
4.All of precious stones compacted rise those structures of delight;
Purest gold as crystal shining paves the heavenly city bright;
Never mire nor filth defiling stains the streets of radiant light.
5.Hiems horrens, aestas torrens illic numquam saeviunt;Flos perpetuus rosarum ver agit perpetuum;Candent lilia, rubescit crocus, sudat balsamum.
5.Hiems horrens, aestas torrens illic numquam saeviunt;
Flos perpetuus rosarum ver agit perpetuum;
Candent lilia, rubescit crocus, sudat balsamum.
5.Chilling winter, burning summer, neither rages in that land,But the crimson bloom of roses doth an endless spring demand;White the lilies, red the crocus, fragrant doth the balsam stand.
5.Chilling winter, burning summer, neither rages in that land,
But the crimson bloom of roses doth an endless spring demand;
White the lilies, red the crocus, fragrant doth the balsam stand.
6.Virent prata, vernant sata, rivi mellis influunt;Pigmentorum spirat odor, liquor et aromatum;Pendent poma floridorum non lapsura nemorum.
6.Virent prata, vernant sata, rivi mellis influunt;
Pigmentorum spirat odor, liquor et aromatum;
Pendent poma floridorum non lapsura nemorum.
6.Green the pastures, flower-besprinkled, fed by streams with honey filled;All the air is sweet with incense from the odorous herbs distilled;Never fails the ripened fruitage, nor is bloom by winter chilled.
6.Green the pastures, flower-besprinkled, fed by streams with honey filled;
All the air is sweet with incense from the odorous herbs distilled;
Never fails the ripened fruitage, nor is bloom by winter chilled.
7.Non alternat luna vices, sol, vel cursus siderum;Agnus est felicis urbis lumen inocciduum;Nox et tempus desunt ei, diem fert continuum.
7.Non alternat luna vices, sol, vel cursus siderum;
Agnus est felicis urbis lumen inocciduum;
Nox et tempus desunt ei, diem fert continuum.
7.Waxeth not the moon nor waneth, need not sun or stars to be,But the Lamb in that blest city shines a Sun eternally;There the daylight is unbroken, night and time have ceased to be.
7.Waxeth not the moon nor waneth, need not sun or stars to be,
But the Lamb in that blest city shines a Sun eternally;
There the daylight is unbroken, night and time have ceased to be.
8.Nam et sancti quique velut sol praeclarus rutilant;Post triumphum coronati mutuo coniubilant,Et prostrati pugnas hostis iam securi numerant.
8.Nam et sancti quique velut sol praeclarus rutilant;
Post triumphum coronati mutuo coniubilant,
Et prostrati pugnas hostis iam securi numerant.
8.Shine the blessed with a splendor like the splendor of the sun;Crowned in triumph stand they singing that the race of life is run;Now secure, they count the glories of the contest they have won.
8.Shine the blessed with a splendor like the splendor of the sun;
Crowned in triumph stand they singing that the race of life is run;
Now secure, they count the glories of the contest they have won.
9.Omni labe defaecati carnis bella nesciunt,Caro facta spiritalis et mens unum sentiunt;Pace multa perfruentes scandalum non perferunt.
9.Omni labe defaecati carnis bella nesciunt,
Caro facta spiritalis et mens unum sentiunt;
Pace multa perfruentes scandalum non perferunt.
9.Cleansed from every stain of evil, they from carnal strife are free;Flesh made spirit, with the spirit doth for evermore agree,There, released from all temptation, they shall Peace unbroken see.
9.Cleansed from every stain of evil, they from carnal strife are free;
Flesh made spirit, with the spirit doth for evermore agree,
There, released from all temptation, they shall Peace unbroken see.
20.Probes vires inexhausto laboranti proelio,Nec quietem post procinctum deneges emerito,Te que merear potiri sine fine praemio!
20.Probes vires inexhausto laboranti proelio,
Nec quietem post procinctum deneges emerito,
Te que merear potiri sine fine praemio!
20.Strength supply, in heat or conflict, ceaseless struggle to maintain;Grant thy servant, warfare ended, well-deserved rest to gain;Grant that I, Thyself deserving, may Thyself as prize attain!
20.Strength supply, in heat or conflict, ceaseless struggle to maintain;
Grant thy servant, warfare ended, well-deserved rest to gain;
Grant that I, Thyself deserving, may Thyself as prize attain!
Tr. Stephen A. Hurlbut. Quoted by permission of author.
Tr. Stephen A. Hurlbut. Quoted by permission of author.
1.Lauda, Sion, Salvatorem,Lauda ducem et pastoremIn hymnis et canticis:Quantum potes, tantum aude,Quia maior omni laude,Nec laudare sufficis.
1.Lauda, Sion, Salvatorem,
Lauda ducem et pastorem
In hymnis et canticis:
Quantum potes, tantum aude,
Quia maior omni laude,
Nec laudare sufficis.
1.Praise, O Sion, praise thy Saviour,Shepherd, Prince, with glad behavior,Praise in hymn and canticle:Sing His glory without measure,For the merit of your treasureNever shall your praises fill.
1.Praise, O Sion, praise thy Saviour,
Shepherd, Prince, with glad behavior,
Praise in hymn and canticle:
Sing His glory without measure,
For the merit of your treasure
Never shall your praises fill.
2.Laudis thema specialis,Panis vivus et vitalisHodie proponitur;Quem in sacrae mensa cenaeTurbae fratrum duodenaeDatum non ambigitur.
2.Laudis thema specialis,
Panis vivus et vitalis
Hodie proponitur;
Quem in sacrae mensa cenae
Turbae fratrum duodenae
Datum non ambigitur.
2.Wondrous theme of mortal singing,Living bread and bread life-bringing,Sing we on this joyful day:At the Lord’s own table givenTo the twelve as bread from heaven,Doubting not we firmly say.
2.Wondrous theme of mortal singing,
Living bread and bread life-bringing,
Sing we on this joyful day:
At the Lord’s own table given
To the twelve as bread from heaven,
Doubting not we firmly say.
3.Sit laus plena, sit sonoraSit iucunda, sit decoraMentis iubilatio:Namque dies est sollemnisQua recolitur perennisMensae institutio.
3.Sit laus plena, sit sonora
Sit iucunda, sit decora
Mentis iubilatio:
Namque dies est sollemnis
Qua recolitur perennis
Mensae institutio.
3.Sing His praise with voice sonorous;Every heart shall hear the chorusSwell in melody sublime:For this day the Shepherd gave usFlesh and blood to feed and save us,Lasting to the end of time.
3.Sing His praise with voice sonorous;
Every heart shall hear the chorus
Swell in melody sublime:
For this day the Shepherd gave us
Flesh and blood to feed and save us,
Lasting to the end of time.
4.In hac mensa novi RegisNovum pascha novae legisPhase vetus terminat:Iam vetustas novitati,Umbra cedit veritati,Noctem lux eliminat.
4.In hac mensa novi Regis
Novum pascha novae legis
Phase vetus terminat:
Iam vetustas novitati,
Umbra cedit veritati,
Noctem lux eliminat.
4.At the new King’s sacred table,The new law’s new pasch is ableTo succeed the ancient rite:Old to new its place hath given,Truth has far the shadows driven,Darkness flees before the Light.
4.At the new King’s sacred table,
The new law’s new pasch is able
To succeed the ancient rite:
Old to new its place hath given,
Truth has far the shadows driven,
Darkness flees before the Light.
5.Quod in cena Christus gessit,Faciendum hoc expressitIn sui memoriam:Docti sacris institutis,Panem, vinum in salutisConsecramus hostiam.
5.Quod in cena Christus gessit,
Faciendum hoc expressit
In sui memoriam:
Docti sacris institutis,
Panem, vinum in salutis
Consecramus hostiam.
5.And as He hath done and planned it—“Do this”—hear His love command it,“For a memory of me.”Learnèd, Lord, in thy own science,Bread and wine, in sweet compliance,As a Host we offer Thee.
5.And as He hath done and planned it—
“Do this”—hear His love command it,
“For a memory of me.”
Learnèd, Lord, in thy own science,
Bread and wine, in sweet compliance,
As a Host we offer Thee.
6.Dogma datur Christianis,Quod in carnem transit panis,Et vinum in sanguinem:Quod non capis, quod non vides,Animosa firmat fides,Praeter rerum ordinem.
6.Dogma datur Christianis,
Quod in carnem transit panis,
Et vinum in sanguinem:
Quod non capis, quod non vides,
Animosa firmat fides,
Praeter rerum ordinem.
6.Thus in faith the Christian heareth:That Christ’s flesh as bread appeareth,And as wine His precious blood:Though we feel it not nor see it,Living faith that doth decree itAll defects of sense makes good.
6.Thus in faith the Christian heareth:
That Christ’s flesh as bread appeareth,
And as wine His precious blood:
Though we feel it not nor see it,
Living faith that doth decree it
All defects of sense makes good.
7.Sub diversis speciebus,Signis tamen et non rebus,Latent res eximiae:Caro cibus, sanguis potus,Manet tamen Christus totusSub utraque specie.
7.Sub diversis speciebus,
Signis tamen et non rebus,
Latent res eximiae:
Caro cibus, sanguis potus,
Manet tamen Christus totus
Sub utraque specie.
7.Lo! beneath the species dual(Signs not things), is hid a jewelFar beyond creation’s reach!Though His flesh as food abideth,And His blood as drink—He hidethUndivided under each.
7.Lo! beneath the species dual
(Signs not things), is hid a jewel
Far beyond creation’s reach!
Though His flesh as food abideth,
And His blood as drink—He hideth
Undivided under each.
8.A sumente non concisus,Non confractus, non divisus,Integer accipitur:Sumit unus, sumunt mille,Quantum isti, tantum ille,Nec sumptus consumitur.
8.A sumente non concisus,
Non confractus, non divisus,
Integer accipitur:
Sumit unus, sumunt mille,
Quantum isti, tantum ille,
Nec sumptus consumitur.
8.Whoso eateth it can neverBreak the Body, rend or sever;Christ entire our hearts doth fill:Thousands eat the bread of heaven,Yet as much to one is given:Christ, though eaten, bideth still.
8.Whoso eateth it can never
Break the Body, rend or sever;
Christ entire our hearts doth fill:
Thousands eat the bread of heaven,
Yet as much to one is given:
Christ, though eaten, bideth still.
9.Sumunt boni, sumunt mali,Sorte tamen inaequaliVitae, vel interitus:Mors est malis, vita bonis:Vide, paris sumptionisQuam sit dispar exitus!
9.Sumunt boni, sumunt mali,
Sorte tamen inaequali
Vitae, vel interitus:
Mors est malis, vita bonis:
Vide, paris sumptionis
Quam sit dispar exitus!
9.Good and bad, they come to greet Him:Unto life the former eat Him,And the latter unto death;These find death and those find heaven;See, from the same life-seed given,How the harvest differeth!
9.Good and bad, they come to greet Him:
Unto life the former eat Him,
And the latter unto death;
These find death and those find heaven;
See, from the same life-seed given,
How the harvest differeth!
10.Fracto demum sacramentoNe vacilles, sed mementoTantum esse sub fragmento,Quantum toto tegitur;Nulla rei fit scissura,Signi tantum fit fractura,Qua nec status, nec staturaSignati minuitur.
10.Fracto demum sacramento
Ne vacilles, sed memento
Tantum esse sub fragmento,
Quantum toto tegitur;
Nulla rei fit scissura,
Signi tantum fit fractura,
Qua nec status, nec statura
Signati minuitur.
10.When at last the bread is broken,Doubt not what the Lord hath spoken:In each part the same love-token,The same Christ, our hearts adore:For no power the thing divideth—’Tis the symbols He provideth,While the Saviour still abidethUndiminished as before.
10.When at last the bread is broken,
Doubt not what the Lord hath spoken:
In each part the same love-token,
The same Christ, our hearts adore:
For no power the thing divideth—
’Tis the symbols He provideth,
While the Saviour still abideth
Undiminished as before.
11.Ecce, panis angelorumFactus cibus viatorum,Vere panis filiorum,Non mittendus canibus;In figuris praesignatur,Cum Isaac immolatur,Agnus paschae deputatur,Datur manna patribus.
11.Ecce, panis angelorum
Factus cibus viatorum,
Vere panis filiorum,
Non mittendus canibus;
In figuris praesignatur,
Cum Isaac immolatur,
Agnus paschae deputatur,
Datur manna patribus.
11.Hail, angelic bread of heaven,Now the pilgrim’s hoping-leaven,Yea, the bread to children givenThat to dogs must not be thrown:In the figures contemplated,’Twas with Isaac immolated,By the Lamb ’twas antedated,In the manna it was known.
11.Hail, angelic bread of heaven,
Now the pilgrim’s hoping-leaven,
Yea, the bread to children given
That to dogs must not be thrown:
In the figures contemplated,
’Twas with Isaac immolated,
By the Lamb ’twas antedated,
In the manna it was known.
12.Bone pastor, panis vere,Iesu, nostri miserere,Tu nos pasce, nos tuere,Tu nos bona fac videreIn terra viventium.Tu qui cuncta scis et vales,Qui nos pascis hic mortales,Tuos ibi commensales,Cohaeredes et sodalesFac sanctorum civium.
12.Bone pastor, panis vere,
Iesu, nostri miserere,
Tu nos pasce, nos tuere,
Tu nos bona fac videre
In terra viventium.
Tu qui cuncta scis et vales,
Qui nos pascis hic mortales,
Tuos ibi commensales,
Cohaeredes et sodales
Fac sanctorum civium.
12, O Good Shepherd, still confessingLove, in spite of our transgressing,—Here Thy blessed food possessing,Make us share Thine every blessingIn the land of life and love:Thou, whose power hath all completedAnd Thy flesh as food hath meted,Make us, at Thy table seated,By Thy saints, as friends be greeted,In Thy paradise above.
12, O Good Shepherd, still confessing
Love, in spite of our transgressing,—
Here Thy blessed food possessing,
Make us share Thine every blessing
In the land of life and love:
Thou, whose power hath all completed
And Thy flesh as food hath meted,
Make us, at Thy table seated,
By Thy saints, as friends be greeted,
In Thy paradise above.
Tr. H. T. Henry (Eucharistica, Dolphin Press, Phila., 1912, p. 39-43. Quoted by permission of publishers.)
Tr. H. T. Henry (Eucharistica, Dolphin Press, Phila., 1912, p. 39-43. Quoted by permission of publishers.)
1.Stabat mater dolorosaIuxta crucem lacrimosa,Dum pendebat filius,Cuius animam gementem,Contristantem et dolentemPertransivit gladius.
1.Stabat mater dolorosa
Iuxta crucem lacrimosa,
Dum pendebat filius,
Cuius animam gementem,
Contristantem et dolentem
Pertransivit gladius.
1.By the Cross her vigil keepingStands the Queen of sorrows weeping,While her son in torment hangs;Now she feels—O heart afflictedBy the sword of old predicted!—More than all a mother’s pangs.
1.By the Cross her vigil keeping
Stands the Queen of sorrows weeping,
While her son in torment hangs;
Now she feels—O heart afflicted
By the sword of old predicted!—
More than all a mother’s pangs.
2.O quam tristis et afflictaFuit illa benedictaMater unigeniti,Quae maerebat et dolebatEt tremebat, dum videbatNati poenas inclyti.
2.O quam tristis et afflicta
Fuit illa benedicta
Mater unigeniti,
Quae maerebat et dolebat
Et tremebat, dum videbat
Nati poenas inclyti.
2.Sad and heavy stands beside himShe who once had magnified himOne—begotten, only—born;While she sees that rich atoning,Long the moaning, deep the groaningOf her mother—heart forlorn.
2.Sad and heavy stands beside him
She who once had magnified him
One—begotten, only—born;
While she sees that rich atoning,
Long the moaning, deep the groaning
Of her mother—heart forlorn.
3.Quis est homo, qui non fleret,Matrem Christi si videret,In tanto supplicio?Quis non posset contristari,Piam matrem contemplariDolentem cum filio?
3.Quis est homo, qui non fleret,
Matrem Christi si videret,
In tanto supplicio?
Quis non posset contristari,
Piam matrem contemplari
Dolentem cum filio?
3.Who Christ’s Mother contemplatingIn such bitter anguish waiting,Has no human tears to shed?Who would leave Christ’s Mother, sharingAll the pain her Son is bearing,By those tears uncomforted?
3.Who Christ’s Mother contemplating
In such bitter anguish waiting,
Has no human tears to shed?
Who would leave Christ’s Mother, sharing
All the pain her Son is bearing,
By those tears uncomforted?
4.Pro peccatis suae gentisVidit Iesum in tormentisEt flagellis subditum;Vidit suum dulcem natumMorientem, desolatum,Dum emisit spiritum.
4.Pro peccatis suae gentis
Vidit Iesum in tormentis
Et flagellis subditum;
Vidit suum dulcem natum
Morientem, desolatum,
Dum emisit spiritum.
4.Victim-priest of Jewry’s nation,There he hangs in expiation;Scourge and nail have had their will;Earth and heaven his cause forsaking,Now his noble heart is breaking,Now the labouring breath is still.
4.Victim-priest of Jewry’s nation,
There he hangs in expiation;
Scourge and nail have had their will;
Earth and heaven his cause forsaking,
Now his noble heart is breaking,
Now the labouring breath is still.
5.Eia mater, fons amoris,Me sentire vim dolorisFac, ut tecum lugeam;Fac, ut ardeat cor meumIn amando Christum Deum,Ut sibi complaceam.
5.Eia mater, fons amoris,
Me sentire vim doloris
Fac, ut tecum lugeam;
Fac, ut ardeat cor meum
In amando Christum Deum,
Ut sibi complaceam.
5.Mother, fount whence love flows truest,Let me know the pain thou knewest,Let me weep as thou hast wept;Love divine within me burning,That diviner love returning,May thy Son this heart accept.
5.Mother, fount whence love flows truest,
Let me know the pain thou knewest,
Let me weep as thou hast wept;
Love divine within me burning,
That diviner love returning,
May thy Son this heart accept.
6.Sancta mater, istud agas,Crucifixi fige plagasCordi meo valide;Tui nati vulnerati,Tam dignati pro me pati,Poenas mecum divide.
6.Sancta mater, istud agas,
Crucifixi fige plagas
Cordi meo valide;
Tui nati vulnerati,
Tam dignati pro me pati,
Poenas mecum divide.
6.Mother, if my prayer be granted,Those five wounds of his implantedIn my breast I fain would see;Love exceeding hangs there bleeding,My cause pleading, my love needing—Bid him share his cross with me.
6.Mother, if my prayer be granted,
Those five wounds of his implanted
In my breast I fain would see;
Love exceeding hangs there bleeding,
My cause pleading, my love needing—
Bid him share his cross with me.
7.Fac me vere tecum flere,Crucifixo condolere,Donec ego vixero;Iuxta crucem tecum stare,Te libenter sociareIn planctu desidero.
7.Fac me vere tecum flere,
Crucifixo condolere,
Donec ego vixero;
Iuxta crucem tecum stare,
Te libenter sociare
In planctu desidero.
7.Till life fails, I would not fail him,Still remember, still bewail him,Born thy Son, and crucified;By the cross my vigil keepingI would spend those hours of weeping,Queen of sorrows, at thy side.
7.Till life fails, I would not fail him,
Still remember, still bewail him,
Born thy Son, and crucified;
By the cross my vigil keeping
I would spend those hours of weeping,
Queen of sorrows, at thy side.
8.Virgo virginum praeclara,Mihi iam non sis amara,Fac me tecum plangere;Fac, ut portem Christi mortem,Passionis fac consortemEt plagas recolere.
8.Virgo virginum praeclara,
Mihi iam non sis amara,
Fac me tecum plangere;
Fac, ut portem Christi mortem,
Passionis fac consortem
Et plagas recolere.
8.Virgin, boast of all creation,Heed my tears, nor consolationIn thy bitterness repel;At thy side his livery wearing,His cross bearing, his death sharing,Of these wounds the beads I’ll tell.
8.Virgin, boast of all creation,
Heed my tears, nor consolation
In thy bitterness repel;
At thy side his livery wearing,
His cross bearing, his death sharing,
Of these wounds the beads I’ll tell.
9.Fac me plagis vulnerari,Cruce hac inebriari,Et cruore filii;Inflammatus et accensus,Per te, virgo, sim defensusIn die iudicii.
9.Fac me plagis vulnerari,
Cruce hac inebriari,
Et cruore filii;
Inflammatus et accensus,
Per te, virgo, sim defensus
In die iudicii.
9.Wounds of Christ, in spirit bruise me,Chalice of his blood, bemuse me,Cross of Christ, be thou my stay!Lest I burn in fires unending,Sinless Maid, my cause befriending,Shield me at the judgement day!
9.Wounds of Christ, in spirit bruise me,
Chalice of his blood, bemuse me,
Cross of Christ, be thou my stay!
Lest I burn in fires unending,
Sinless Maid, my cause befriending,
Shield me at the judgement day!
10.Fac me cruce custodiri,Morte Christi praemuniri,Confoveri gratia.Quando corpus morietur,Fac, ut animae doneturParadisi gloria.
10.Fac me cruce custodiri,
Morte Christi praemuniri,
Confoveri gratia.
Quando corpus morietur,
Fac, ut animae donetur
Paradisi gloria.
10.Jesus, when earth’s shadows leave me,Through thy Mother’s prayers receive meWith the palm of victory;When my body lies forsakenLet my ransomed soul awakenSafe, in Paradise, with thee.
10.Jesus, when earth’s shadows leave me,
Through thy Mother’s prayers receive me
With the palm of victory;
When my body lies forsaken
Let my ransomed soul awaken
Safe, in Paradise, with thee.
Tr. Ronald A. Knox (Westminster Hymnal, Burns, Oates & Washbourne, London, 1940, no. 37. Quoted by permission of publishers.)
Tr. Ronald A. Knox (Westminster Hymnal, Burns, Oates & Washbourne, London, 1940, no. 37. Quoted by permission of publishers.)
1.Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo,Qua Deus infernum vicit et astra tenet.
1.Salve, festa dies, toto venerabilis aevo,
Qua Deus infernum vicit et astra tenet.
1.Hail thee, Festival Day! blest day that art hallowed forever;Day wherein Christ arose, breaking the kingdom of death.
1.Hail thee, Festival Day! blest day that art hallowed forever;
Day wherein Christ arose, breaking the kingdom of death.
2.Ecce, renascentis testatur gratia mundiomnia cum Domino dona redisse suo.
2.Ecce, renascentis testatur gratia mundi
omnia cum Domino dona redisse suo.
2.Lo, the fair beauty of earth, from the death of winter arising,Every good gift of the year now with its Master returns.
2.Lo, the fair beauty of earth, from the death of winter arising,
Every good gift of the year now with its Master returns.
3.Qui crucifixus erat, Deus ecce per omnia regnat,Dantque creatori cuncta creata precem.
3.Qui crucifixus erat, Deus ecce per omnia regnat,
Dantque creatori cuncta creata precem.
3.He who was nailed to the cross is God and the ruler of all things;All things created on earth worship the maker of all.
3.He who was nailed to the cross is God and the ruler of all things;
All things created on earth worship the maker of all.
4.Pollicitam sed redde diem, precor, alma potestas,Tertia lux rediit; surge, sepulte Deus.
4.Pollicitam sed redde diem, precor, alma potestas,
Tertia lux rediit; surge, sepulte Deus.
4.God of all pity and power, let thy word be assured to the doubting;Light on the third day returns: rise, Son of God, from the tomb!
4.God of all pity and power, let thy word be assured to the doubting;
Light on the third day returns: rise, Son of God, from the tomb!
5.Non decet ut humili tumulo tua membra tegantur,Neu pretium mundi vilia saxa premant.
5.Non decet ut humili tumulo tua membra tegantur,
Neu pretium mundi vilia saxa premant.
5.Ill doth it seem that thy limbs should linger in lowly dishonor,Ransom and price of the world, veiled from the vision of men.
5.Ill doth it seem that thy limbs should linger in lowly dishonor,
Ransom and price of the world, veiled from the vision of men.
6.Indignum est cuius clauduntur cuncta pugillo,Ut tegat inclusum rupe vetante lapis.
6.Indignum est cuius clauduntur cuncta pugillo,
Ut tegat inclusum rupe vetante lapis.
6.Ill it beseemeth that thou by whose hand all things are encompassed,Captive and bound shouldst remain, deep in the gloom of the rock.
6.Ill it beseemeth that thou by whose hand all things are encompassed,
Captive and bound shouldst remain, deep in the gloom of the rock.
7.Lintea tolle, precor, sudaria linque sepulchro,Tu satis es nobis, et sine te nihil est.
7.Lintea tolle, precor, sudaria linque sepulchro,
Tu satis es nobis, et sine te nihil est.
7.Rise now, O Lord, from the grave and cast off the shroud that enwrapped thee;Thou art sufficient for us: nothing without thee exists.
7.Rise now, O Lord, from the grave and cast off the shroud that enwrapped thee;
Thou art sufficient for us: nothing without thee exists.
8.Funeris exsequias pateris vitae auctor et orbis,Intras mortis iter dando salutis opem.
8.Funeris exsequias pateris vitae auctor et orbis,
Intras mortis iter dando salutis opem.
8.Mourning they laid thee to rest, who art author of life and creation;Treading the pathway of death, life thou bestowedst on man.
8.Mourning they laid thee to rest, who art author of life and creation;
Treading the pathway of death, life thou bestowedst on man.
9.Redde tuam faciem, videant ut saecula lumen,Redde diem, qui nos te moriente fugit.
9.Redde tuam faciem, videant ut saecula lumen,
Redde diem, qui nos te moriente fugit.
9.Show us thy face once more, that the ages may joy in thy brightness;Give us the light of day, darkened on earth at thy death.
9.Show us thy face once more, that the ages may joy in thy brightness;
Give us the light of day, darkened on earth at thy death.
10.Eripis innumerum populum de carcere mortis,Et sequitur liber, quo suus auctor adit.
10.Eripis innumerum populum de carcere mortis,
Et sequitur liber, quo suus auctor adit.
10.Out of the prison of death thou art rescuing numberless captives;Freely they tread in the way whither their maker has gone.
10.Out of the prison of death thou art rescuing numberless captives;
Freely they tread in the way whither their maker has gone.
11.Tristia cesserunt infernae vincula legis,Expavitque chaos luminis ore premi.
11.Tristia cesserunt infernae vincula legis,
Expavitque chaos luminis ore premi.
11.Jesus has harrowed hell; he has led captivity captive:Darkness and chaos and death flee from the face of the light.
11.Jesus has harrowed hell; he has led captivity captive:
Darkness and chaos and death flee from the face of the light.
Tr. Maurice F. Bell, fromThe English Hymnalby permission of the Oxford University Press.
Tr. Maurice F. Bell, fromThe English Hymnalby permission of the Oxford University Press.
[1.]Jerome,Liber de viris illustribus, 100 (MPL23, 699).[2.]Hilarius autem, Gallus episcopus Pictaviensis, eloquentia conspicuus, hymnorum carmine floruit primus. De ecclesiasticis officiis 1, 6 (MPL83, 743).[3.]W. N. Myers,The Hymns of Saint Hilary of Poitiers in the Codex Aretinus(Phila., Un. of Penn., 1928) 12, 29, 53, 67. For a discussion of other hymns attributed to Hilary, see p. 14; also A. S. Walpole,Early Latin Hymns(Cambridge, 1922) 1-4. Translations by W. N. Myers.[4.]Antiphonary of Bangor, edited by F. E. Warren,Henry Bradshaw Society Publications, vols. 4, 10 (London, 1893, 1895). For discussion of authorship see vol. 10, 36.[5.]Or perhaps Treves.[6.]Augustine,Confessions9, 7 (MPL32, 770). Translation fromConfessions of S. Augustine, Ancient and Modern Library of Theol. Literature(London, 1886).[7.]Translations of first lines: W. J. Copeland, C. Bigg, R. E. Messenger, J. M. Neale.[8.]Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, E. Caswall.[9.]Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, H. M. Jones, R. E. Messenger, S. Hurlbut.[10.]Myers,op. cit.(seenote 3) 18-22.[11.]G. Reese, Music in the Middle Ages(New York, 1940) 104.[12.]Caelius Sedulius, 5th C., an early imitator of Ambrose, wrote a well-known alphabetic hymn,A solis ortus cardine.
[1.]Jerome,Liber de viris illustribus, 100 (MPL23, 699).
[2.]Hilarius autem, Gallus episcopus Pictaviensis, eloquentia conspicuus, hymnorum carmine floruit primus. De ecclesiasticis officiis 1, 6 (MPL83, 743).
[3.]W. N. Myers,The Hymns of Saint Hilary of Poitiers in the Codex Aretinus(Phila., Un. of Penn., 1928) 12, 29, 53, 67. For a discussion of other hymns attributed to Hilary, see p. 14; also A. S. Walpole,Early Latin Hymns(Cambridge, 1922) 1-4. Translations by W. N. Myers.
[4.]Antiphonary of Bangor, edited by F. E. Warren,Henry Bradshaw Society Publications, vols. 4, 10 (London, 1893, 1895). For discussion of authorship see vol. 10, 36.
[5.]Or perhaps Treves.
[6.]Augustine,Confessions9, 7 (MPL32, 770). Translation fromConfessions of S. Augustine, Ancient and Modern Library of Theol. Literature(London, 1886).
[7.]Translations of first lines: W. J. Copeland, C. Bigg, R. E. Messenger, J. M. Neale.
[8.]Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, E. Caswall.
[9.]Translations of first lines: J. M. Neale, H. M. Jones, R. E. Messenger, S. Hurlbut.
[10.]Myers,op. cit.(seenote 3) 18-22.
[11.]G. Reese, Music in the Middle Ages(New York, 1940) 104.
[12.]Caelius Sedulius, 5th C., an early imitator of Ambrose, wrote a well-known alphabetic hymn,A solis ortus cardine.
[1.]Regula Sancti Benedicti, IX.[2.]P. Batiffol,Historie du Breviare romain, translated by A. M. Y. Bayley (London, 1912), chap. I.[3.]Dom A. Wilmart, “Le Psautier de la Reine,” (Cod. Vat. Reg. II),Revue Benedictine XXVIII(1911) 376 ff.[4.]Walpole,Early Latin Hymns, (ch. 1, note 3), xi-xiv.[5.]Laodicea, c. 364, Canon 59. See G. D. Mansi,Sacrorum conciliorum—collectio(Florence, Venet. et Par., 1763) ii, 573; Braga, 563, Mansi ix, 778.[6.]H. F. Muller, “Pre-History of the Medieval Drama,”Zeitschrift f. romanische Philologie44 (1924) 544-575.[7.]Tours, 567, Mansi xiv, 803.[8.]H. Heimbucher,Die Orden und Kongregationen der katholischen Kirche, 3 vols. (Paderborn, 1907) vol. I, 224-236,Ausbreitung der Benediktinerregel.[9.]F. H. Dudden,Gregory the Great(London, 1905), 2 vols., II, chap. 8.[10.]SeeA. H.(Analecta Hymnica Medii Aevi) 51.24-41, notes. The hymns excepted are nos. 23-30; 34-40; J. Julian,Dictionary of Hymnology.Gregory I., St., Pope; C. Blume, “Gregor der Grosse als Hymnendichter,”Stimmen aus Maria-Laach, 1908, 269 ff.[11.]H. LeClercq,L’Espagne chrétienne(Paris, 1906) 304-5.[12.]Migne,PL80, 642-700, Braulio’s Letters.[13.]IV Council of Toledo, 633, Canon 2, Mansi x, 616; Canon 13, Mansi x, 622-3.Sicut igitur orationes, ita et hymnos in laudem Dei compositos, nullus vestrum ulterius improbet, sed pari modo Gallia, Hispaniaque celebret: excommunicatione plectendi, qui hymnos rejicere fuerint ausi.[14.]See R. E. Messenger, “The Mozarabic Hymnal,”TAPhA75 (1944) 103-126.[15.]The Irish Liber Hymnorum, edited by J. H. Bernard and R. Atkinson,Henry Bradshaw Soc. Pub.13, 14 (London, 1897, 1898), 14, 23-6.[16.]Antiphonary of Bangor, chap. I, note 4; for history of the manuscript now in the Ambrosian Library at Milan, p. xii-xiii.[17.]Translations of first lines, 1) J. M. Neale, 2), 3), 4) R. E. Messenger.[18.]The Celtic hymns are edited inA. H.51, Part II. See also J. F. Kenney,Sources for the Early History of Ireland, 2 vols. (New York, 1929) 252-3, 258-274,Hymns.[19.]Translations of first lines in Summary by J. M. Neale except 2) C. Bigg, 7) G. R. Woodward.[20.]C. W. Douglas,Church Music in History and Practice(New York, 1937) 168.
[1.]Regula Sancti Benedicti, IX.
[2.]P. Batiffol,Historie du Breviare romain, translated by A. M. Y. Bayley (London, 1912), chap. I.
[3.]Dom A. Wilmart, “Le Psautier de la Reine,” (Cod. Vat. Reg. II),Revue Benedictine XXVIII(1911) 376 ff.
[4.]Walpole,Early Latin Hymns, (ch. 1, note 3), xi-xiv.
[5.]Laodicea, c. 364, Canon 59. See G. D. Mansi,Sacrorum conciliorum—collectio(Florence, Venet. et Par., 1763) ii, 573; Braga, 563, Mansi ix, 778.
[6.]H. F. Muller, “Pre-History of the Medieval Drama,”Zeitschrift f. romanische Philologie44 (1924) 544-575.
[7.]Tours, 567, Mansi xiv, 803.
[8.]H. Heimbucher,Die Orden und Kongregationen der katholischen Kirche, 3 vols. (Paderborn, 1907) vol. I, 224-236,Ausbreitung der Benediktinerregel.
[9.]F. H. Dudden,Gregory the Great(London, 1905), 2 vols., II, chap. 8.
[10.]SeeA. H.(Analecta Hymnica Medii Aevi) 51.24-41, notes. The hymns excepted are nos. 23-30; 34-40; J. Julian,Dictionary of Hymnology.Gregory I., St., Pope; C. Blume, “Gregor der Grosse als Hymnendichter,”Stimmen aus Maria-Laach, 1908, 269 ff.
[11.]H. LeClercq,L’Espagne chrétienne(Paris, 1906) 304-5.
[12.]Migne,PL80, 642-700, Braulio’s Letters.
[13.]IV Council of Toledo, 633, Canon 2, Mansi x, 616; Canon 13, Mansi x, 622-3.Sicut igitur orationes, ita et hymnos in laudem Dei compositos, nullus vestrum ulterius improbet, sed pari modo Gallia, Hispaniaque celebret: excommunicatione plectendi, qui hymnos rejicere fuerint ausi.
[14.]See R. E. Messenger, “The Mozarabic Hymnal,”TAPhA75 (1944) 103-126.
[15.]The Irish Liber Hymnorum, edited by J. H. Bernard and R. Atkinson,Henry Bradshaw Soc. Pub.13, 14 (London, 1897, 1898), 14, 23-6.
[16.]Antiphonary of Bangor, chap. I, note 4; for history of the manuscript now in the Ambrosian Library at Milan, p. xii-xiii.
[17.]Translations of first lines, 1) J. M. Neale, 2), 3), 4) R. E. Messenger.
[18.]The Celtic hymns are edited inA. H.51, Part II. See also J. F. Kenney,Sources for the Early History of Ireland, 2 vols. (New York, 1929) 252-3, 258-274,Hymns.
[19.]Translations of first lines in Summary by J. M. Neale except 2) C. Bigg, 7) G. R. Woodward.
[20.]C. W. Douglas,Church Music in History and Practice(New York, 1937) 168.