[350]The foreign literature upon this subject is as yet scant and unimportant. Compare the rare and costlyDesigns of Chinese Buildings, Furniture, Dresses, etc.,from Originals drawn in China byMr. Chambers, London, 1757, folio; J. M. Callery,De l’Architecture Chinoise, in theRevue d’Architecture; Wm. Simpson, inTransactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1873-74, p. 33;Notes and Queries on China and Japan.[351]Wanderings in China, p. 98.[352]Compare pp.76and167.[353]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 473.[354]Travels in China, p. 96.[355]Life in China, p. 453.[356]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 79; Davis’Sketches, Vol. I., p. 213; Fergusson,Indian and Eastern Architecture, 1876, p. 695; Milne’sLife in China, p. 429 seq.;Chinese Repository, Vol. XIX., pp. 535-540.[357]Yule,Cathay and the Way Thither, Vol. I., p. 243.[358]Compare an article by W. F. Mayers inNotes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. I., pp. 170-173 (with illustrations); Mrs. Gray,Fourteen Months in Canton, passim; Dr. Edkins inJournal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc., Vol. XI., p. 123; Doolittle,Vocabulary, Part III., No. LXVIII; Engineer J. W. King inThe United Service, Vol. II., p. 382 (Phila., 1880).[359]Chinese Repository, Vol. VI., p. 149.[360]Chinese Repository, Vol. XII., p. 528; Medhurst’sHohkeën Dictionary, Introduction pp. XXII, XXIII.[361]Barrow’sTravels, p. 338.[362]Encyclopædia Americana, Art.Canton.[363]It is recorded that Hau-Chu, of the Chin dynasty, in the yearA.D.583 ordered Lady Yao to bind her feet so as to make them look like the new moon; and that the evil fashion has since prevailed against all subsequent prohibitions.—Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., pp. 27 and 43.[364]Murray’sChina, Vol. II., p. 266. Compare theChinese Repository, Vol. III., p. 537;Rec. de Mém. de Médecine milit.(Paris), 1862-63-64 passim;Chinese Recorder, Vols. I., II., and III. passim (mostly a series of articles on this subject by Dr. Dudgeon);The Far East, February, 1877, p. 27.[365]The Jade Chaplet, p. 121.[366]On Chinese costume, see Wm. Alexander,The Costume of China, illustrated, London, 1805;Mœurs et Coutumes des Chinois et leurs costumes en couleur, par J. G. Grohmann, Leipzig; Breton,China: Its Costume, Arts, etc., 4 vols., translated from the French, London, 1812; another translation is from Auguste Borget,Sketches of China and the Chinese, London, 1842;Illustrations of China and its People. A series of two hundred photographs, with letterpress descriptive of the places and people represented, by J. Thompson, London, 1874, 4 vols. quarto.[367]Dr. Hobson mentions a case at Shanghai where he was called upon to examine a child well-nigh dead with spurious hydrocephalus. Upon investigation he found that the nurse, “a young healthy-looking woman, with breasts full of milk to overflowing,” had “been in the habit of selling her milk in small cupfuls to old persons, under the idea of its highly nutritive properties, and was actually poisoning the child dependent on it.” The nurse being promptly changed, the infant recovered almost immediately.—Journal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc.New Series, Vol. I., p. 51.[368]Archdeacon Gray,China, Vol. II., p. 76.[369]Mémoires conc. les Chinois, Tome XI., pp. 78 ff. C. C. Coffin in theAtlantic Monthly, 1869, p. 747. Doolittle’sVocabulary, Part III., No. XVIII. M. Henri Cordier in theJournal des Débats, Nov. 19, 1879.Notes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. II., pp. 11 and 26.[370]Compare p.628.[371]Social Life of the Chinese, Chapters II. and III.;China, Chap. VII.; alsoFourteen Months in Canton, by Mrs. Gray.[372]Chinese Repository, Vols. IV., p. 568, and X., pp. 65-70;Annales de la Foi, No. XL., 1835.[373]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 283.[374]Chinese Repository, Vol. I., p. 293.[375]China, Chap. VII.[376]Doolittle’sHandbook, Vol. III., p. 660, gives a list of names collected at Fuhchau, which are applicable to other provinces.[377]Memoir of Dr. Morrison, Vol. II., p. 142.[378]Chinese Chrestomathy, Chap. V., Sec. 12, p. 182. This phrase is the origin of the wordchinchin, so often heard among the Chinese.[379]Compare theChina Review, Vol. IV., p. 400.[380]Chinese Repository, Vol. XV., p. 433.Book of Records, Part V., Book X., Legge’s translation; also Medhurst’s and Gaubil’s translations.[381]Nevius,China and the Chinese, pp. 399-408.[382]A like custom existed among the Hebrews, now continued in the modernmezuzaw. Deut. vi. 9. Jahn’sArchæology, p. 38.[383]Presbyterian Missionary Chronicle, 1846.[384]Compare Morrison’s Dictionary underTsung; Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 55-60;Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., p. 157.[385]Gray’sChina(Vol. II., p. 273) contains a cut of a mat theatre from a native drawing. See also Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 292-299.[386]Chinese as They Are, p. 114.[387]Chinese Repository, Vol. XIV., p. 335.[388]Temple Bar, Vol. XLIX., p. 45.[389]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 106;New York Christian Weekly, 1878.
[350]The foreign literature upon this subject is as yet scant and unimportant. Compare the rare and costlyDesigns of Chinese Buildings, Furniture, Dresses, etc.,from Originals drawn in China byMr. Chambers, London, 1757, folio; J. M. Callery,De l’Architecture Chinoise, in theRevue d’Architecture; Wm. Simpson, inTransactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1873-74, p. 33;Notes and Queries on China and Japan.
[350]The foreign literature upon this subject is as yet scant and unimportant. Compare the rare and costlyDesigns of Chinese Buildings, Furniture, Dresses, etc.,from Originals drawn in China byMr. Chambers, London, 1757, folio; J. M. Callery,De l’Architecture Chinoise, in theRevue d’Architecture; Wm. Simpson, inTransactions of the Royal Institute of British Architects, 1873-74, p. 33;Notes and Queries on China and Japan.
[351]Wanderings in China, p. 98.
[351]Wanderings in China, p. 98.
[352]Compare pp.76and167.
[352]Compare pp.76and167.
[353]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 473.
[353]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 473.
[354]Travels in China, p. 96.
[354]Travels in China, p. 96.
[355]Life in China, p. 453.
[355]Life in China, p. 453.
[356]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 79; Davis’Sketches, Vol. I., p. 213; Fergusson,Indian and Eastern Architecture, 1876, p. 695; Milne’sLife in China, p. 429 seq.;Chinese Repository, Vol. XIX., pp. 535-540.
[356]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 79; Davis’Sketches, Vol. I., p. 213; Fergusson,Indian and Eastern Architecture, 1876, p. 695; Milne’sLife in China, p. 429 seq.;Chinese Repository, Vol. XIX., pp. 535-540.
[357]Yule,Cathay and the Way Thither, Vol. I., p. 243.
[357]Yule,Cathay and the Way Thither, Vol. I., p. 243.
[358]Compare an article by W. F. Mayers inNotes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. I., pp. 170-173 (with illustrations); Mrs. Gray,Fourteen Months in Canton, passim; Dr. Edkins inJournal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc., Vol. XI., p. 123; Doolittle,Vocabulary, Part III., No. LXVIII; Engineer J. W. King inThe United Service, Vol. II., p. 382 (Phila., 1880).
[358]Compare an article by W. F. Mayers inNotes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. I., pp. 170-173 (with illustrations); Mrs. Gray,Fourteen Months in Canton, passim; Dr. Edkins inJournal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc., Vol. XI., p. 123; Doolittle,Vocabulary, Part III., No. LXVIII; Engineer J. W. King inThe United Service, Vol. II., p. 382 (Phila., 1880).
[359]Chinese Repository, Vol. VI., p. 149.
[359]Chinese Repository, Vol. VI., p. 149.
[360]Chinese Repository, Vol. XII., p. 528; Medhurst’sHohkeën Dictionary, Introduction pp. XXII, XXIII.
[360]Chinese Repository, Vol. XII., p. 528; Medhurst’sHohkeën Dictionary, Introduction pp. XXII, XXIII.
[361]Barrow’sTravels, p. 338.
[361]Barrow’sTravels, p. 338.
[362]Encyclopædia Americana, Art.Canton.
[362]Encyclopædia Americana, Art.Canton.
[363]It is recorded that Hau-Chu, of the Chin dynasty, in the yearA.D.583 ordered Lady Yao to bind her feet so as to make them look like the new moon; and that the evil fashion has since prevailed against all subsequent prohibitions.—Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., pp. 27 and 43.
[363]It is recorded that Hau-Chu, of the Chin dynasty, in the yearA.D.583 ordered Lady Yao to bind her feet so as to make them look like the new moon; and that the evil fashion has since prevailed against all subsequent prohibitions.—Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., pp. 27 and 43.
[364]Murray’sChina, Vol. II., p. 266. Compare theChinese Repository, Vol. III., p. 537;Rec. de Mém. de Médecine milit.(Paris), 1862-63-64 passim;Chinese Recorder, Vols. I., II., and III. passim (mostly a series of articles on this subject by Dr. Dudgeon);The Far East, February, 1877, p. 27.
[364]Murray’sChina, Vol. II., p. 266. Compare theChinese Repository, Vol. III., p. 537;Rec. de Mém. de Médecine milit.(Paris), 1862-63-64 passim;Chinese Recorder, Vols. I., II., and III. passim (mostly a series of articles on this subject by Dr. Dudgeon);The Far East, February, 1877, p. 27.
[365]The Jade Chaplet, p. 121.
[365]The Jade Chaplet, p. 121.
[366]On Chinese costume, see Wm. Alexander,The Costume of China, illustrated, London, 1805;Mœurs et Coutumes des Chinois et leurs costumes en couleur, par J. G. Grohmann, Leipzig; Breton,China: Its Costume, Arts, etc., 4 vols., translated from the French, London, 1812; another translation is from Auguste Borget,Sketches of China and the Chinese, London, 1842;Illustrations of China and its People. A series of two hundred photographs, with letterpress descriptive of the places and people represented, by J. Thompson, London, 1874, 4 vols. quarto.
[366]On Chinese costume, see Wm. Alexander,The Costume of China, illustrated, London, 1805;Mœurs et Coutumes des Chinois et leurs costumes en couleur, par J. G. Grohmann, Leipzig; Breton,China: Its Costume, Arts, etc., 4 vols., translated from the French, London, 1812; another translation is from Auguste Borget,Sketches of China and the Chinese, London, 1842;Illustrations of China and its People. A series of two hundred photographs, with letterpress descriptive of the places and people represented, by J. Thompson, London, 1874, 4 vols. quarto.
[367]Dr. Hobson mentions a case at Shanghai where he was called upon to examine a child well-nigh dead with spurious hydrocephalus. Upon investigation he found that the nurse, “a young healthy-looking woman, with breasts full of milk to overflowing,” had “been in the habit of selling her milk in small cupfuls to old persons, under the idea of its highly nutritive properties, and was actually poisoning the child dependent on it.” The nurse being promptly changed, the infant recovered almost immediately.—Journal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc.New Series, Vol. I., p. 51.
[367]Dr. Hobson mentions a case at Shanghai where he was called upon to examine a child well-nigh dead with spurious hydrocephalus. Upon investigation he found that the nurse, “a young healthy-looking woman, with breasts full of milk to overflowing,” had “been in the habit of selling her milk in small cupfuls to old persons, under the idea of its highly nutritive properties, and was actually poisoning the child dependent on it.” The nurse being promptly changed, the infant recovered almost immediately.—Journal N. C. Br. R. A. Soc.New Series, Vol. I., p. 51.
[368]Archdeacon Gray,China, Vol. II., p. 76.
[368]Archdeacon Gray,China, Vol. II., p. 76.
[369]Mémoires conc. les Chinois, Tome XI., pp. 78 ff. C. C. Coffin in theAtlantic Monthly, 1869, p. 747. Doolittle’sVocabulary, Part III., No. XVIII. M. Henri Cordier in theJournal des Débats, Nov. 19, 1879.Notes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. II., pp. 11 and 26.
[369]Mémoires conc. les Chinois, Tome XI., pp. 78 ff. C. C. Coffin in theAtlantic Monthly, 1869, p. 747. Doolittle’sVocabulary, Part III., No. XVIII. M. Henri Cordier in theJournal des Débats, Nov. 19, 1879.Notes and Queries on C. and J., Vol. II., pp. 11 and 26.
[370]Compare p.628.
[370]Compare p.628.
[371]Social Life of the Chinese, Chapters II. and III.;China, Chap. VII.; alsoFourteen Months in Canton, by Mrs. Gray.
[371]Social Life of the Chinese, Chapters II. and III.;China, Chap. VII.; alsoFourteen Months in Canton, by Mrs. Gray.
[372]Chinese Repository, Vols. IV., p. 568, and X., pp. 65-70;Annales de la Foi, No. XL., 1835.
[372]Chinese Repository, Vols. IV., p. 568, and X., pp. 65-70;Annales de la Foi, No. XL., 1835.
[373]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 283.
[373]Voyages à Peking, Tome II., p. 283.
[374]Chinese Repository, Vol. I., p. 293.
[374]Chinese Repository, Vol. I., p. 293.
[375]China, Chap. VII.
[375]China, Chap. VII.
[376]Doolittle’sHandbook, Vol. III., p. 660, gives a list of names collected at Fuhchau, which are applicable to other provinces.
[376]Doolittle’sHandbook, Vol. III., p. 660, gives a list of names collected at Fuhchau, which are applicable to other provinces.
[377]Memoir of Dr. Morrison, Vol. II., p. 142.
[377]Memoir of Dr. Morrison, Vol. II., p. 142.
[378]Chinese Chrestomathy, Chap. V., Sec. 12, p. 182. This phrase is the origin of the wordchinchin, so often heard among the Chinese.
[378]Chinese Chrestomathy, Chap. V., Sec. 12, p. 182. This phrase is the origin of the wordchinchin, so often heard among the Chinese.
[379]Compare theChina Review, Vol. IV., p. 400.
[379]Compare theChina Review, Vol. IV., p. 400.
[380]Chinese Repository, Vol. XV., p. 433.Book of Records, Part V., Book X., Legge’s translation; also Medhurst’s and Gaubil’s translations.
[380]Chinese Repository, Vol. XV., p. 433.Book of Records, Part V., Book X., Legge’s translation; also Medhurst’s and Gaubil’s translations.
[381]Nevius,China and the Chinese, pp. 399-408.
[381]Nevius,China and the Chinese, pp. 399-408.
[382]A like custom existed among the Hebrews, now continued in the modernmezuzaw. Deut. vi. 9. Jahn’sArchæology, p. 38.
[382]A like custom existed among the Hebrews, now continued in the modernmezuzaw. Deut. vi. 9. Jahn’sArchæology, p. 38.
[383]Presbyterian Missionary Chronicle, 1846.
[383]Presbyterian Missionary Chronicle, 1846.
[384]Compare Morrison’s Dictionary underTsung; Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 55-60;Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., p. 157.
[384]Compare Morrison’s Dictionary underTsung; Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 55-60;Notes and Queries on China and Japan, Vol. II., p. 157.
[385]Gray’sChina(Vol. II., p. 273) contains a cut of a mat theatre from a native drawing. See also Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 292-299.
[385]Gray’sChina(Vol. II., p. 273) contains a cut of a mat theatre from a native drawing. See also Doolittle,Social Life, Vol. II., pp. 292-299.
[386]Chinese as They Are, p. 114.
[386]Chinese as They Are, p. 114.
[387]Chinese Repository, Vol. XIV., p. 335.
[387]Chinese Repository, Vol. XIV., p. 335.
[388]Temple Bar, Vol. XLIX., p. 45.
[388]Temple Bar, Vol. XLIX., p. 45.
[389]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 106;New York Christian Weekly, 1878.
[389]Chinese Repository, Vol. X., p. 106;New York Christian Weekly, 1878.