A´bra-ham, Plains of, Wolfe victorious at,212A-cā´di-a, claimed by Cartier,174conquered by New Englanders,188farmers driven out of,209French settlement in,102,105name changed to Nova Scotia,188Ä´co-ma, "Sky City",68besieged by Spaniards,77-79Coronado visits,68Oñate visits,76Adams, John, draws up Declaration of Independence,250Adams, Samuel, advice of,226,227at Lexington,229,234called "Father of Revolution",229proposes Washington as general of army,238quoted,259Af´ri-ca, explored,36inhabitants of,14Vasco da Gama sails around,61Āix-lä-Çhä-pelle´, treaty of,190Al-a-bä´ma, De Soto visits,68A-lăs´ka, inhabited by Indians,14A:l´ba-ny, Congress at,199,206Fort Orange built near,105Hudson at,103refuses to obey Leisler,170trading stations near,104Al-ex-an´der, son of Massasoit,137,138Al-ḡŏn´quĭn Indians, aided by Champlain,175Al´le-ḡhā-niēş, claimed by France,181Governor Spotswood explores,162Al´le-ḡhe=-ny River, French forts on,196Al´len, Ethan, takes Fort Ticonderoga,237,243A-měr´ĭ-ca, civilization of,24known as New World,13,61,62named,61Northmen in,27A-měr´ĭ-cŭs Věs-pū´cius (shŭs), America named for,61Ăn´dré (drā), Major John, meets Arnold,305punishment of,307,308An´dros, governor of New England and New York,167Aṉ´gli-can Church, Henry VIII. head of,106Anglicans leave England,134An-năp´o-lis, English settlement at,152first French settlement at,174Port Royal called,188Är´gall, Captain, captures Pocahontas,98Ar-ĭ-zō´na, Indians in,20Är´kan-sa:sRiver, Marquette and Joliet at,179Är´ling-ton, Lord, Virginia granted to,156Är´nold, Benedict, attempt to capture,308bravery of,304defeated at Valcour Island,252disgrace of,310granted command at West Point,305leads army to Quebec,246relieves Fort Stanwix,268reproved by Washington,305takes Fort Ticonderoga,237treason of,305-307victorious at Saratoga,271Asia (ā´shĭ-a), inhabitants of,14As-sěm´bly, in colonial government,125At-lăn´tic Ō´cean (-shan), called sea of darkness,31,40coast of, explored,25Au-gŭs´ta, British conquer,297A-zōreş´ Islands, Columbus at,51Portuguese colony on,36Bā´con's Re-bel´lion,158-160Ba-hā´maş, discovered,47Bäl-bō´ä, discovers Pacific Ocean,64voyage of,62,63Ba:l´tĭ-more, Congress withdraws to,259founded,153Baltimore, Lord, settles in Maryland,152Bär-çe-lō´nä, Columbus goes to,52Bar-thŏl´o-mew Columbus,40,56Bär´ton, American officer,258"Battle of the Kegs",265"Bāy´ard of the South," Marion called,300Bēa´con Hill, signal fires on,140Bē´mĭs Heīghts, battle of,269Běn´ning-ton, Gen Stark victorious at,266Berke´ley, cruelty of,160flees from Jamestown,158,159governor of Virginia,155recalled to England,156,160Biar´ni, voyage of,27,28Bible, translated into Indian language,126Bienville (be-aN-veel´), builds fort at New Orleans,183Bil´ling-ton, English colonist,112Indians rescue,118Bĭl-ox´ĭ, built by Iberville,182Bĩr´ming-ham (-ŭm), denied right to vote,219Black´beard, a Carolina pirate,164Black´stone, settles in New England,122-124Bles´sing of the Bay, lumber ship,127Block Island, Indian stronghold,132Bloody Brook, battle of,140Bloody massacre,225Blue Ridge Moun´tains, Spotswood explores,161Bonhomme Richard(bŏ-nŏm´re-shar´), Paul Jones's vessel,294sinks,296Boone, Daniel, adventures of,291-293settles at Boonesboro,288,289Boones´bōr-o, Boone settles at,288,289Indians attack,289,290,292Bŏs´ton, Andros imprisoned in,168British shut up in,244,245British soldiers removed from,226evacuated,247fortified by British,239Boston, founded,130Gen. Gage sent to,224laws to punish,228,229settlement in,124Boston massacre,225Boston Neck fortified,232Boston Tea Party,227Bow´er-y Lane, Stuyvesant´s farm on,144Bōw´ling Green,223Boyl´ston, introduces vaccination,173Brăd´dock, death of,208defeat of,207general of British army,206Brăd´ford, William, governor of Plymouth,115Indian message to,118Brăn´dy-wine, battle of,264Brănt, Indian chief routed at Oriskany,267,leave Boston,247leave Philadelphia,277plan new campaign,297quartered in Boston,224,225quartered in Philadelphia,275retreat at Concord,235settlements. See underEnglish.shut up in Boston,244,245surrender at Saratoga,270,271surrender at Yorktown,318surrender Ticonderoga,237take Savannah,297under Clinton, bombard Fort Moultrie,247under Cornwallis pursue Washington,257victorious at Brandywine,264victorious at Camden,299victorious at Guilford Courthouse,314Brook, land granted to,130Brook´lўn Heīghts, Americans intrenched in,254Brṳ´tus,221Bŭṉ´ker Hill, battle of,239-241Bur´ges-ses, House of,101,154,156,211Bur-goyne´, British general,239cut off from Canada,267defeated at Stillwater,269surrender of,270,271takes Forts Ticonderoga and Edward,265Burke, opposes Stamp Act,223speech of,286Bur´ling-ton, settlement near,146Bŭt´ler, in Wyoming Valley murders,286Cabeza de= Vä´cä (cah-bā´sah), explorations of,67Căb´ot, John, explorations of,60Çaē´şar,221,231Căl´ĭ-cŭt, Vasco da Gama reaches,61Căl-ĭ-fôr´nĭ-a, Gulf of, explored,67Căl´u-mět, pipe of peace,114Cām´bridge, college at,125Committee of Safety at,232Washington´s headquarters at,242,246Cambridge Elm, Washington takes command under,242Căm´den, Gates defeated at,299Cămpe, plans to capture Arnold,308,309Căn´-a-da, Americans driven out of,246ceded to Great Britain,213explored by Cartier,70-73French driven into,211Frontenac governor of,184named by Cartier,174smuggling by way of,216Că-nā´dĭ-ans, under Carleton march southward,246Ca-nā´ry Islands, Columbus at,44,45discovered,36Ca-nŏn´ĭ-cus, Narragansett chief,118Cape Brět´on Island, French fort on,189named,71,174Cape Charles, named,87Cape Cod, Cabot explores,60named by Gosnold,86Northmen at,28Pilgrims at,109,111Cape Hăt´ter-as, explored by Cabot,60Cape Henry named,87Cape Horn, Indians at,14Cape of Good Hope, discovered,42Cape of Storms, discovered,42Cape St, Vĭn´çěnt, sea fight at,37Cape VērdeIslands, Columbus sails from,56Portuguese at,36Cărĭbs, inhabitants of West Indies,54Cärle´ton, commander of Canadians,246victorious at Valcour Island,252Căr-o-lī´nȧ, division of,164English settlement in,162French settlement in,74granted to lords proprietors,162Carolina, North, English colony at,85explored,71pirates,164Cär´pen-ter's Hall, First Continental Congress at,229Căr´rōll, Charles, signs Declaration of Independence,251Cär-tier´ (-tyā´), explorations of,71-73,174Cär´ver, John, death of,115governor of Pilgrims,110makes treaty with Massasoit,114,137Cäs-tïle´, Isabella, queen of,59Ca-ta:w´ba River, Morgan crosses,313Ca-thāy´, China called,33new road to, sought,35"Căv-ȧ-liērs´," Royalists called,155Cen´tral A-měr´ĭ-ca, explored by Columbus,58Indians in,20Spanish colonies in,64Çeū´ta, Prince Henry of Portugal visits,35Chăaddş Ford, Washington defeated at,264Çhăm-plāin´, discovers Lake Champlain,175settles at Quebec,174voyage of,184Champlain, Lake, discovered,175Charles, Cape, named,87Charles I., beheaded,155rebellion in England,134Charles II., land grants of,142,147,167recalls Berkeley,160restored to throne,136,156revokes Massachusetts Bay colony charter,166Charles´ton, attacked by Spaniards,188British fleet at,247rice planted in,163surrender of,298Charles´town, burned by Howe,242Puritans attempt settlement at,124Char´ter, granted to Connecticut,137granted to Rhode Island,137Great, of Virginia,101of Massachusetts Bay colony revoked,166,229Charter Oak, in Hartford,168Chěr´ry Val´ley, Indian massacre at,286Chěs´a-pēake Bay, Captain Smith makes map of,92De Grasse's fleet at,316explored,87Çhi-ca:´go River, Joliet and Marquette explore,179Chïl´e=, Indians in,20Chī´na, visited by Europeans,33Chŏc´ta:ws, plan to attack French settlers,183Church, Captain, defeats King Philip,142Çï´bo-lä, seven cities of,67,68Cin-cin-nä´tï, built,325Cincinnati, society founded by Washington's officers,324Cĭ-păṉ´gō, Japan called,35Clans, Indian,19Clark, General George Rogers, march of,287,288Cliff dwellings,21Clĭn´ton, Arnold conspires with,305attacks towns in Connecticut,280bombards Fort Moultrie,247British general,239proceeds to New York,279pursues Washington,256sends Arnold into Connecticut,316Washington pursues,278Cod, Cape,60,78,86,109,111Coligny (co-leen´ye), sends Huguenots to New World,73,74,174Cŏl´lege, Columbia,252Harvard,125King's, called Columbia,252William and Mary,161Williams,209Yale,125Co-lo´ni-al assemblies, dissolved,224Cŏl´o-nies. SeeSettlements.England's treatment of,214-232Cŏl-o-rä´dō, Grand Canyon of,68Co-lŭm´bĭ-a College, King´s College becomes,252Co-lŭm´bŭs, Christopher, adventures of,37asks aid of England,40at Cordova,42at West Indies,54birth of,36calls savages Indians,43coasts along Cuba,49death of,59discovers Bahamas,47discovers Haiti,50discovers Jamaica,55education of,37establishes colony at Isabella,54fourth expedition of,58Genoese refuse to aid,39Isabella and Ferdinand assist,43,44Columbus, Christopher, marriage of,38returns to Spain,51,56,59search for new road to India,38second expedition of,53taken prisoner,57third expedition of,56Com-mit´tee of Safety, formed,232Com´mon-wealth of England,134,155Cȯm´pass, use of,31Cŏnc´ōrd, battle of,234,235statue to Mrs. Dustin in,187Cŏṉ´gress, appeals to George III.,245bad management of,321First Continental,229issues paper money,302Second Continental,237withdraws to Baltimore,259Con-něct´ĭ-cut, charter of,167,169colonies in,130-132joins league,134New Haven joined to,137pillage of British in,316Connecticut River, settlement on,130,131Con-stăn-tĭ-nō´ple, besieged by Turks,33capture of,33Northmen visit,25seat of learning,32Con-ti-něn´tal bills, Congress issues,302Continental Congress, First,229Second,237Cŏn-way Că-băl´,274,275Cȯr´-do-vä, Columbus at,42Cȯrn-wạl´lis, besieged at Yorktown,316,317marches into Virginia,315pursues Washington,257,261,262races for Dan River,312,313retreats to coast,314surrender of,318Cō-ro-nä´do (-thō), explorations of,68Cȯr´-tez, takes Mexico,66Cot´ton, cultivation of,165"Coun´ter-blast to Tobacco, A",98Co:u-rēurs´ de bois (deh bwä´), wood rangers,176Cow´boys, marauding troops called,305Cow´pens, American victory at,312"Cra´dle of Lib´er-ty," Faneuil Hall called,226Crè=ve´-ċoēur, Fort, built,180Crōa-tăn´, village of,85Crȯm´well, Oliver, death of,136Protector of Commonwealth,134,155Crown Point, plan to capture,