Chapter 18

i-clepedlollersand londlese.

i-clepedlollersand londlese.

i-clepedlollersand londlese.

lomere (A.S.)439,morefrequently

lond-buggere (A.S.)191,a buyer of land

†lone (A.S.)493,a loan(?)

longen (A.S.)to belong

loof (A.S.)a loaf

loone (A.S.)442,a loan. lenger yeres loone,a loan of a year longer, a year's extension or renewal of the loan

loore (A.S.)79,244,teaching, lore, doctrine, science

loores-man, lores-man (A.S.)164,318,a teacher

loos (A.S.)219,honour, praise

lorel (A.N.)147,294,351,369,a bad man, a good-for-nothing fellow. Chaucer, in his translation of Boethius, uses it to represent the Latinperditissimus. Compare the description of thelorelin the Ploughman's Tale (Speght's Chaucer) fol. 91:—

For thou canst no cattell gete,But livest in lond as alorell,With glosing gettest thou thy mete.

For thou canst no cattell gete,But livest in lond as alorell,With glosing gettest thou thy mete.

For thou canst no cattell gete,

But livest in lond as alorell,

With glosing gettest thou thy mete.

losel (A.N.)5,124,176,303,a wretch, good-for-nothing fellow. It appears to be a different form of the preceding word. loselly,240,in a disgraceful, good-for-nothing manner

losengerie (A.N.)125,176,flattery, lying

lothen (A.S.)to loath

looth (A.S.)loath, hateful. lother,318,more loath. lothliche,hateful

lotebies (A.S.?)52,private companions, bed-fellows. In the romance of the Seven Sages (Weber, p. 57) it is said of a woman unfaithful to her husband:—

Sche stal a-wai, mididone,And wente to herelotebi.

Sche stal a-wai, mididone,And wente to herelotebi.

Sche stal a-wai, mididone,

And wente to herelotebi.

Chaucer uses the word (in the romance of the Rose, l. 6339), in a passage rather similar to this of Piers Ploughman:—

Now am I yong and stout and bolde,Now am I Robert, now Robin,Now frere Minor now Jacobin,Andwith me followeth my loteby,To don me solace and company.

Now am I yong and stout and bolde,Now am I Robert, now Robin,Now frere Minor now Jacobin,Andwith me followeth my loteby,To don me solace and company.

Now am I yong and stout and bolde,

Now am I Robert, now Robin,

Now frere Minor now Jacobin,

Andwith me followeth my loteby,

To don me solace and company.

In the original the word iscompaigne

lotien (A.S.)354,to lurk, lie in ambush

louke (A.S.)384,to lock

louren (A.S.)to lower

lous, lys (A.S.)pl.a louse

louten (A.S.)50,181,182,300,to make a salutation, reverence.pret. s.louted,294,470

lovyen, lovye, lovien (A.S.)to love. hym lovede,356,it pleased him

lowen (A.S.)to condescend(?)pret.lowed,8

luft (A.S.)69,fellow, person

†lullyng (A.S.)455,lolling(?)

lurdayne (A.S.)375,436,a clown, rustic, ill-bred person

lusard (A.N.)389,a lizard, crocodile

lussheburwes (A.N.)316,base or adulterated coins; which took their name and were imported from Luxemberg. See note on l. 10322

luten (A.N.)to play on the lute.pret. s.lutede,395

luther (A.S.)316,390,bad, wicked

M.

M.

M.

macche (A.S.)248,249,companion, match-fellow

macche (A.S.)360,a match

macer (A.N.)47,one who carries a mace

mayen (A.S.)to be able(it is seldom or never used in the infinitive mood).pres. s.may,pl.mowen, mowe.pret. s.myghte,pl.mighte

y-maymed (A.S.)359,maimed

mayn-pernour, (A.N.)71,380.Seethe next word

mayn-prise (A.N.)70,346,a kind of bail, a law term. "It signifieth in our Common Law the taking or receiving a man in friendly custodie, that otherwise is or might be committed to prison, and so upon securitie given for his forth coming at a day assigned: and they that doe thus undertake for any, are calledmainpernours, because they do receive him into their hands."Minsheu. The persons thus received were allowed to go at large

mayn-prise (A.N.)75,426, meynprise,39,to bail in the manner described under the foregoing word

mair (A.N.)290,pl.meires,150,a mayor

maistrie (A.N.)66,a mastery, a feat of science

make (A.S.)50,222,230,a companion, consort

maken, make (A.S.)to make.pret. s.made.part. pas.y-maked,2. maad,71,248

make (A.S.)229,to compose poetry.Seenote

makynge (A.S.)229,writing poetry

male (A.N.)91,a box, pack

†malisones (A.N.)493,curses

mamelen (A.S.)78,226,to chatter, mumble

menacen (A.N.)to menace, threaten

manere (A.N.)manner

mange (A.N.)132,to eat

mangerie (A.N.)209,328,an eating, a feast

manlich (A.S.)92.humane. manliche,manfully, humanely

mansed (A.N.)30,74,190,233,438,cursed, excommunicated

marc (A.N.)161,a mark (a coin)

marche (A.S.)159,321,a border. The word is preserved in the term "Marches of Wales," "Marches of Scotland"

marchen (A.N.)to march, go

mareys (A.N.)a marsh

†masedere (A.N.)499,more amazed

maugree (A.N.)131,ill thanks, in spite of

maundee (A.S.)339,maunday

maundement (A.N.)348,a commandment

mawe (A.S.)298,mouth, maw

maze (A.N.)12,doubt, amazement, a labyrinth

meden (A.S.)56,to reward, bribe

mede (A.S.)meed, reward

medlen (A.N.)to mix with

meel (A.S.)meal

meene (A.N.)poor, moderate, middle

mees (A.S.)249,313,a messorportion of meat

megre (A.N.)meagre, thin

meynee (A.N.)178,household, household retinue

meken (A.S.)to make meek, humiliate

mele (A.S.)262,meal, flour

mendinaunt,pl.mendinauntz (A.N.)a beggar; friars of the begging orders

mene, meene (A.N.)mean, middle

mene (A.N.)326,a mean

menen (A.S.)to mean. to meene,15,18. that is Crist to mene,399,that means Christ

menen (A.S.)to moan, lament.pret.mened

†menemong (A.S.)497,of an ordinary quality

menever (A.N.)433,a kind of fur; the fur of the ermine and small weasel mixed

mengen (A.S.)to mix, meddle

menyson (A.N.)337,a flux, dysentery

menour (A.N.)a Minorite

menske (A.S.)54,455,decency, honour, manliness

mercien (A.N.)to thank

mercy (A.N.)17,353,thanks

mercy (A.N.)360,361,mercy

mercyment (A.N.)amercement

merk (A.S.)316,a mark

merke (A.S.)15,dark. merknesse (A.S.)377,379,darkness

merveillous (A.N.)marvellous, wonderful

meschief (A.N.)197,mishap, evil, mischief

mesel (A.S.)pl.meseles,51,144,337,a leper

meson-Dieux (A.N.)139,hospitals

messe (A.S.)mass, the Romish ceremony

mestier (A.N.)138,occupation

mesurable (A.N.)moderate

met (A.S.)267,measure

mete (A.S.)meat. mete-less, (A.S.)without meat

metels (A.S.)13,31,147,149,155,202,207,a dream

meten, meete (A.S.)310,to meet.pret. s.mette,351.part. pas.met,216

meten (A.S.)to dream.pret. s.mette,148,155,396.part. s.metynge,221

metyng (A.S.)246,a dream

†meter (A.S.)476,fitter(?)

meve (A.N.)153,228,to move.pres. pl.ye moeven,298

myd (A.S.)with

myddel-erthe (A.S.)221,the world

middes (A.S.)middle, midst

mynistren (A.N.)231,to administer

mynnen (A.S.)322,to mind, to recollect

mynours (A.N.)miners, diggers of mines

mys-beden (A.S.)119,to injure

mysese (A.N.)16,ill ease

mys-eise (A.N.)139,ill at ease

mysfeet (A.N.)224,ill deed, wrong

†myster (A.N.)484,kind species

mystier (A.S.)more misty, more dark

†myteynes (A.N.)476,mittens, gloves

mnam,131,a Hebrew coin

mo (A.S.)more

mody (A.S.)moody. modiliche,moodily

moeble, meble (A.N.)364,goods

molde, moolde (A.S.)earth, mould

moled (A.N.)262,264,spotted, stained

mom (A.S.)13,a mum, sound

mone (A.S.)295,lamentation

†monelich (A.N.)457,meanly

monials (A.N.)192,nuns(Lat.moniales)

moore (A.S.)403,greater

moost (A.S.)greatest

moot (A.N.)113,417,a moat

moot-halle (A.S.)73,74,hall of meeting, of justice

more (A.S.)300,330,331,334,pl.mores,416,a root

mornen (A.S.)to mourn.pret. s.mornede

mortrews (A.N.)248,250,252,a kind of soup

morwe (A.S.)morning, morrow

morwenynge (A.S.)morning

mote (A.S.)25,to hold courts of justice

motyng (A.S.)141,judging, meeting for justice

moton (A.N.)44,the name of a coin.Seenote on l. 1404

mous (A.S.)pl.mees,a mouse

mouster (A.N.)267,muster, arrangement

muche (A.S.)155,417,great

muchel (A.S.)401,great, much

muliere, mulliere (A.N.)343,344,a wife, woman

murie (A.S.)pleasant, merry, joyful. murye,1,pleasantly, murier,more pleasant

murthe (A.S.)382,pleasure, joy, mirth

murthen (A.S.)362,to make merry or joyful

muson (A.N.)183,measures(?)

must (A.S.)391,a liquor made of honey

N.

N.

N.

nale (A.S.)124,the ale.seeatte

namoore (A.S.)no more

naught (A.S.)not, nought

ne (A.S.)not. The negativeneis combined with the verbto will, to be, &c.; asnelle, forne wille,nel, nyl, forne wil,nere, forne were,nolde, forne wolde,nyste, forne wiste. It is sometimes combined with other verbs, asnaroos,399, forne aroos. So we have such expressions as, wol he nele he,427, i. e.whether he will or he will not

nede (A.S.)need

neddre (A.S.)82,an adder, venomous serpent

nedlere (A.S.)96,maker of, or dealer in, needles

neet (A.S.)411,cattle. Farmers still talk ofneat cattle

neghen (A.S.)to approach, to near.pret. s.neghed,425, neghede,438

neigh (A.S.)near, nigh

nempne (A.S.)397,to name, call.pret. s.nempned,397,404.part. pas.y-nempned, nempned

nevelynge (A.S.)85,sniveling

nygard (A.S.)niggard

nymen, nyme (A.S.)268,304426,to take.part. pas.y-nome,427

nyppe (A.S.)379,a point(?)

noble (A.N.)191,a gold coin of the value of six shillings and eightpence

noght (A.S.)nought, nothing

noyen (A.N.)to injure, annoy, plague

nones (A.N.)125,the hour of two or three in the afternoon

nonne (A.S.)86,a nun

noon (A.S.)none

nounpere (A.N.)97,an umpire, an arbitrator

noughty (A.S.)130,possessed of nothing

noun (A.N.)366,no

nouthe (A.S.)now

O.

O.

O.

o (A.S.)349,one

of-gon (A.S.)166,to derive(?)

of-walked (A.S.)258,fatigued with walking

o-lofte (A.S.)aloft, on high

one, oone (A.S.)singly, alone, only. myn one,154,myself singly

†onethe (A.S.)scarcely.Seeunnethe

oon (A.S.)one

oost (A.N.)416,a host, army

openen, opene (A.S.)to open.pret. pl.opned,388

ordeigne, ordeyne (A.N.)415,to ordain

organye (A.N.)369,a musical instrument. by organye,as an accompaniment to music

ote (A.S.)an oat

oughen (A.S.)to own, possess, owe.pret. s.oughte,47

outher (A.S.)other, either, or

over-come (A.S.)to overcome.pret. s.over-coom,405

over-hoven (A.S.)55,379,to hover or dwell over, hang over

over-hippen (A.S.)to hop over, skip over.pret. pl.thei over-huppen,250,318

over-leden (A.S.)62,to overlead, tyrannize over

over-spreden (A.S.)to spread over.pret. s.over-spradde,408

over-tilten (A.S.)to tilt or throw over.pret. s.over-tilte,428,433,threw over, dug up

owene (A.S.)366,own


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