AAdams, John Q., on the bill for the relief of Mrs. Harrison,258;on the origin of the Pension act of 1837,269;defends the administration in the McLeod affair,289;on the protest of President Tyler,418;relative to the Chinese mission,511;on the Home squadron,575;decease of,707;manner of his death,707;House and Senate adjourn,707;Senator Benton requested to second the motion of funeral honors in the Senate,707;reflections,707;eloquent remarks of McDowell,708;eulogium of Senator Benton,708,709.—See Index, vol. 1.Adams, Charles F., candidate for Vice President,723.Allen, William, on the Oregon question,663,664.Alison, the historian, remark on the war of 1812,573.Amendment of the Constitution.—Speech of Mr. Benton,626;the plan proposed,626;object and principle of the amendment to dispense with all other intermediate bodies, and keep the election wholly in the hands of the people,626;liberty would be ruined by providing any kind of substitute but popular elections,627;at present, the will of the people was liable to be frustrated in the election of their chief officers, by the intervention of small bodies of men between themselves and the object of their choice,627;details of the proposed amendment,627;its efficiency and practicability in preserving the rights of the people, maintaining the purity of elections,628;a copy of the proposition,628.See Index, vol. 1.Anderson, Alexander, Eulogium on Hugh L. White,185.Anti-Duelling Act.—Death of Cilley,148;penalties of the duelling act,148;the act did not look to the assassinations under the pretext of self-defence, which were to rise up in the place of the regular duel,148;contrast,148;the act did not suppress the passions in which duels originate,149;the law was also mistaken in the nature of its penalties,149;defective in not pursuing the homicidal offence into all the new forms it might assume,149.Archer, William S., on the charge of a privy council of President Tyler's,327.See Index, vol. 1.Ashburton, Lord, his mission.—See British Treaty.Assumption of State Debts.—Amount of these debts,171;Sidney Smith,171;assumption sought by a class of the bondholders as more substantial security,171;London Bankers' Circular,171;resolutions against the constitutionality, the justice, and the policy of any such measure,171;attempt to reverse their import by obtaining a direct vote of the Senate in favor of distributing the land revenue to aid the States,172;proposition rejected,172.Speech of Mr. Benton,172;extracts,172;"this movement been long going on,172;steps taken in the road to assumption,172;time for enemies of assumption to take the field and to act,173;disguised assumption in the form of land revenue distribution is the shape in which we shall have to meet the danger,173;we have had one assumption in this country,173;intense excitement,173;statement of Mr. Jefferson,174;the picture presented,174;these stocks of the States are now greatly depreciated,174;what more unwise or unjust to contract debts on long time as some of the States have done,175;the evils of foreign influence,175;the constitution itself contains a special canon directed against them,175;to what purpose all this precaution if we invite foreign influence?" 175.BBadger, George E., Secretary of the Navy,209;reasons for resigning his seat in President Tyler's Cabinet,354.Bancroft, George, Secretary of the Navy,650.Bank, National, First Bill.—This the great measure of the session and the great object of the whig party,317;all others complete without it,317;kept in the background during the canvass,318;call upon the secretary for a plan,318;objections of the President,318;its title,318;its course in the Senate,318;passed in both Houses,318;views of the democracy,318;light dawning upon them,318;veto,318;remarks of Mr. Clay,318;"circumstances under which Mr. Tyler became President,319;his address,319;interpretation of one passage,319;most confident and buoyant hopes entertained,319;fears that the President's address had been misunderstood,319;name of the proposed bank,"319;Mr. Tyler's early opinions on a bank,320;extract,320;remarks of Mr. Clay on the passage,320;the course which the President might have taken and saved his consistency,321;retaining the bill ten days,321;a third course to resign the Presidency,321;the propriety of the step enforced by Mr. Clay,321;remarks of Mr. Clay,321;his allusion to the rumor that the President was proposing a suitable bill,321;remarks of Mr. Rives in defence of the President,322;a bank not an issue in the election,323;the imputation of perfidy repelled,323;General Harrison would have disproved the same bill,323;the conditions upon which he would sign a bill for a bank,323;reasons to believe he would have signed a bill,323;reply of Mr. Clay,323;Mr. Rives at "the half way house,"323;Mr. Tyler's inner circle of advisers,324;caustic remarks of Mr. Clay thereon,324;rumor of a design to make a third party,324;remarks of Mr. Clay upon it,324;the bank was the great issue,324;apostrophe of Mr. Clay,325;reply of Mr. Rives to the imputed cabal—the privy council,325;remarks on sojourning in the half way house,326;rumor of a dictatorship installed in the capitol,326;disclaimer of Mr. Clay,326;conversational debate between Mr. Archer and Mr. Clay,326,327;vote,328.Effects of the rejection,328;hisses in the Senate and outrages at the President's house,328;an inquiry into the extent of the disturbances moved,328;proceedings dropped,328;visit of Senators to the President,328;remarks of Mr. Clay on this visit,328;further remarks,329;Buchanan in reply pictures scenes that might have happened on the same night at the other end of the avenue,330;a motion made to amend the Fiscal bill, so as to prevent members of Congress from borrowing money from the institution,330;remarks of Mr. Pierce,330;"incorruptibility of members of Congress,330;what did history teach in relation to the course of members of Congress,"331;reference to the bank report by Mr. Tyler,331;the vote,331;its significance,331.Two histories to the second attempt at a fiscal bill,331;one public, the other secret,331;bill reported from a select committee on the currency early in the session,332;move to strike out all after the enacting clause and insert a new bill,332;remarks of Mr. Sargeant on the proposed new bill,332;the bill before committee,332;sharp practice,332;objections to rapid legislation,333;debate on the bill,333;bill passed,333;its title,333;remarks of Mr. Benton in ridicule of the bill,333;referred to a committee,335;a one-sided committee,335;remarks of Mr. King upon the appointment of this committee,335;rule of Jefferson's Manual quoted in justification,336;remarks of Mr. Benton,336;remarks of Mr. Buchanan,337;bill reported by the chairman with remarks upon the favorable views of the President,337;amendments offered by Mr. Benton,338;objection to the exchange dealings authorized,339;operation of a bill as a discount,339;this exposed by Senator Tappan,339;amendment requiring all the stockholders to be citizens of the United States,340;none but citizens allowed to take the original stock would not prevent foreigners owning it,340;the bill designed to resurrect by smuggling the United States Bank,340;same amendment moved in a different form,340;debate,340;vote,341;the bill compared with the old bank charter,341;bill passed and sent to the President and disapproved,341;violent speaking excited by the veto,341;the speakers,341;nays on the returned bill,341.Secret history of the returned bank bill,342;conversation between Mr. Gilmer and a whig member of the House,342;change in Mr. Tyler,342;effect on the whigs,343;newspapers in the President's interest,343;no information given to the cabinet respecting the first veto message,343;slight to his cabinet,343;readiness of the President for a second bill as stated by Mr. Ewing,343;Mr. Bell's account,343;statement of Mr. A. H. Stuart,344;was the President sincere in his professions, or were they only phrases to deceive the whigs and calm the commotion which raged in their camp,344;a cabinet meeting on the new bill and proceedings,345;statement of Mr. Ewing,345;the sixteenth fundamental article,345;every part of the bill made to suit the President,346;further exposition,346;statement of Mr. Bell,346;proceedings of the members of the Cabinet under instructions to prepare a majority of each House for the passage of the second bill,346;grounds of the veto, and the explanations and careful preparation of the point on which it turned,347;reason for Mr. Berrien's motion to postpone the consideration of the veto and take up the bank bill,347;statement of Mr. A. H. Stuart,347;another side to this statement that the President was in favor of the second bill,348;signs and facts which show against it from the beginning,348;letter of Mr. Webster,349;letter of Mr. Botts noticed,349;"Head him or die,"349;how the phrase was intended and how interpreted,349;solution of the views of Mr. Tyler,350;he would have signed no bank bill under any name after the eighth or ninth day of the session,350.Reception of the veto message in the Senate,350;hisses and applause in the galleries,350;Mr. Benton moves that the Sergeant-at-Arms take into custody those who hissed,351;debate on the amount of the disorderly proceedings,351,352.See Tyler's Administration.Bank of the United States.—Changes to a State institution,23;history since the expiration of her charter,23;the bill reported in the Assembly of Pennsylvania,24;the tail to a bill to repeal a tax and make roads and canals,24;its reception in the House,24;an explanation demanded,24;letter of Mr. Biddle to J. Q. Adams,24;the first step in the movement,24;how managed,24;the bonus,24;passage of the bill through the legislature,25;indignation of the people,25;investigation of the next legislature,25;remarks,25.Refuses to cease its operations after its legal existence had expired,67;its proviso charter made no difference in its condition,67;its use of the defunct notes of the expired institution,68;statement of its conduct by Mr. Buchanan,68;remarks of Calhoun on the right of Congress to pass a bill on this subject,69;it rests on the general power of legislation,69;character of the bill,69;this the last question between the bank and the Federal government,69.Resumption by the Pennsylvania U. S. Bank.—Effect of resumption by the New York banks,94;convention called in Philadelphia,94;result of its deliberations,94;resumption,94;speedy failure again and forever of the U. S. Bank foretold,94.Exposition of its affairs,157;resignation of Mr. Biddle,157;prediction of Senator Benton,157;suspension,157;its effects,157;another statement of her condition,158.Silence in Congress on this institution,365;her condition,365;report of the affairs to the stockholders,365;the exhibition of waste and destruction,365;proceedings of the bank during the period of the application for a recharter,366;its loans,366;to whom made,366;manner in which they were made,366;extract from the report on this point,366;its foreign agencies,367;business of these stock speculations,367;extract,367;losses by the cotton agency,368;extracts from the report,368;the way of the bank in guaranteeing the individual contracts of Mr. Biddle,369;unintelligible accounts of large amounts,369;parties concerned refuse to give an explanation,369;entertainments to members of Congress at immense expense,369;losses of stockholders,369;statement of the London Bankers' Circular,370;the credit of the bank and the prices of its stock kept up by delusive statements of profits,370;operations to make the second suspension begin in New York,370;extent of the ruin,371;the case of London bankers and their punishment,371;remarks of the Judge on passing sentence,372.See Index, vol. 1.Bankrupt Act against the Banks.—Recommended by the President,43;reasons,43;framers of the constitution hard-money men,43;operation of the constitution had nullified this intention,44;a question whether the fault was in the instrument or in the administrators,44;remedy now proposed,44;all that was wanted was a Congress to back the President,44;the array against it,44;opposition of Mr. Webster,44;right of Congress questioned,44;doubtless sanctioned by the whole cabinet,45;speech of Mr. Benton,45;"a bankrupt law authorized by the constitution,"45;signification of the word bankruptcy,45;what is this grant of power, and does the country require its exercise,45;Congress is not confined to English statutory decisions for the construction of phrases used in the constitution,45;the term is not of English but Roman origin,46;it is said, we must confine our legislation to the usual objects, the usual subjects, and the usual purposes of bankrupt laws in England,46;on what act of English legislation can an example be fixed?46;the acts passed on this subject,47;affirmative definitions of the classes liable to bankruptcy in England,47;the negative,47;cut off from improvement since the adoption of our constitution,48;in this view we must find one of two things—a case in point or a general authority,48;these considered,48;a case in point,48;the general practice of the British Parliament for five hundred years, over the whole subject of bankruptcy,49;it is asked if bankrupt laws ordinarily extend to moneyed corporations,49;No; Why?49;the question of corporation unreliability in England,49;do such law ordinarily extend to corporations at all?50;history of our first bankrupt law,51;the bill of 1827,51;it is said, the object of bankrupt laws has no relation to currency,51;what says history?51;effect of the application of bankrupt laws in England twofold,51;recommendation of the President,51;the British bankrupt code as it relates to bank notes,52;all our acts and bills have applied to bankers,53;and why not to banks?53;why this distinction?53;banks of circulation are the fittest subjects of a bankrupt law,53;the opinion that there can be no resumption of specie payments until the Bank of the United States is rechartered,54;as bankrupts, the Federal authority extends to all the banks,54;other great purposes to be attained by the application of a bankrupt law to banks,54;every form of government has something in it to excite the pride and to rouse the devotion of its citizens,55;we are called upon to have mercy on the banks, the prayer should be to them to have mercy on the citizens,55;Jefferson's legacy is never to suffer the government to fall under the control of unauthorized or self-created institutions,55;it is said that bankruptcy is a severe remedy to apply to banks,56;three things for which the banks have no excuse, and which should forever weigh against their claims to favor,56.Congress convened at the urgent instance of Mr. Clay,229;a bankrupt act not in the programme of Mr. Clay or the message of President Tyler,229;parties nearly balanced in the Senate,229;one member obtains leave to bring in a bill on bankruptcy,229;manner of its passage,229;the bank bill and the land bill made to pass it through both Houses,230;its passage through the House,230;amendment,230;proceedings in the Senate to get up the amendment,230,231;remark of White, of Indiana,231;remark of Senator Benton,231, remark of Senator Linn,231;bankrupt bill reported as passed the House,232;remarks of Mr. King,232;distribution bill laid on the table and the bankrupt bill taken up,232;remarks of Mr. Walker,232;the bank distribution and bankrupt bills travel together,232;remarks on the amendment to the bankrupt bill,233;passed,233;remarks on the nature of the bankrupt bill,233,234.Speech of Mr. Benton on the bankrupt bill,234;"this is not a bankrupt system but an insolvent law, perverted to a discharge from debts, instead of a discharge from imprisonment,"234;it is framed from the English insolvent debtor act,234;the English acts,234;how came such a bill to be introduced here?235;it is an insolvent bill,235;defended by insisting that insolvency and bankruptcy are the same thing, a mere inability to pay debts,235;extracts from Webster's remarks,235;no foundation for confounding bankruptcy and insolvency,235;Blackstone's definition of a bankrupt,235;ability and fraud the basis of the system,235;cessio bonorum,236;laws of Scotland,236;cessioexamined,236;bankruptcy defined by the laws of Scotland,237;the Code Napoleon,238;the civil law,238;comparison of sections of the bill with the English law,239;voluntary and involuntary bankruptcy under the bill,240.An attempt to Repeal.—Repeal commenced at the outset of the session,395;passed the House and lost in the Senate,395;repealed at the next session,396;the fate of the confederate bills,396.Repeal.—A repeal of a great act of legislation by the same Congress that passed it,463;a homage to the will of the people,463;remarks of Mr. Benton on offering a petition from the State of Vermont for the repeal of the act,463;"the act unconstitutional in abolishing debts with the consent of a given majority of the creditors,463;principles of the act of 1800,464;forms which the wisdom of the law provided for executing itself,464;an invasion of the rights of the States over the ordinary relations of debtor and creditor within their own limits,"465;the passage of the act has been a reproach to Congress, its repeal should do them honor, and still more the people under whose will it was done,465;a bankrupt act has never been favored by the American people,465;the system has been nearly intolerable in England,466;further remarks,466.An act to repeal promptly passed both houses,503;a splendid victory for the minority, who had resisted the passage of the original bill,503;all the authorities had sustained the act,503;sense of the people revolted against it,503;former act repealed in two years,503;