[501]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 932-33, 937.[502]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 816.[503]See chs. xxii. to xxvi.[504]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.[505]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 424.[506]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 849.[507]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.[508]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 429, 894.[509]Same, p. 894.[510]Testimony, Stenographic Report, p. 895. This passage also is omitted in the transcript furnished the committee of Congress by the counsel of the trust.[511]See p. 214.[512]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 533; see also p. 734.[513]See ch. xxv.[514]Report of Citizens' Committee on City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.[515]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.[516]Chs. xiv and xxi.[517]State,ex rel.,vs.City of Toledo, 48th Ohio State Reports, p. 112.[518]Federal Court Reporter, vol. xxxix., pp. 651-54.[519]Report of the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.[520]Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 36-37.[521]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.[522]See ch. xxix.[523]See ch. xx.[524]October 19, 1889.[525]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 6-7.[526]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.[527]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.[528]Toledo Natural Gas Trustees' Report, 1890, p. 7.[529]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 8.[530]"Constitutional History as Seen in the Development of American Law." Lecture by D.H. Chamberlain. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York.[531]Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, pp. 8-9.[532]Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 659.[533]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 428.[534]See p. 99.[535]See p. 206.[536]Annual Report of Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.[537]ToledoBlade, February 7 and 27, 1889.[538]New YorkSunof March 31, 1891.[539]New YorkTribune, April 23, 1889.[540]FromLife of William Lloyd Garrison, Told by His Children, vol. iii., ch. i., p. 12.[541]Petition of the Isaac Harter Companyvs.the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, Court of Common Pleas, Seneca County, Ohio, June 16, 1890.[542]Annual Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1891, p. 6.[543]See p. 250 and ch. xxxi.[544]See p. 154.[545]See p. 250.[546]See p. 21.[547]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees of Toledo, 1891, p. 4.[548]Report to Stockholders, Northwestern Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.[549]Report to Stockholders, Toledo Natural Gas Company, January, 1889.[550]See ch. xxxii.[551]See p. 113.[552]See chs. ix. and xxxi.[553]See ch. xxx.[554]Railroad Transportation, by Arthur T. Hadley. G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1886.[555]Speech of Simon Sterne, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 98-118.[556]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2723-24 and p. 3900.[557]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.[558]Appeal to the Executive of Pennsylvania by the Petroleum Producers' Union, 1878. Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 354.[559]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.[560]See ch. vii.[561]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 1.[562]Testimony, Appendix to the Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, 67th General Assembly, 1886, vol. lxxxii., p. 499.[563]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 60.[564]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 77, 78.[565]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 58.[566]Same, pp. 37, 40, 66; Miscellaneous Document No. 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 32, 46, 214, andpassim.[567]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 50.[568]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 18.[569]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 81-82.[570]The Payne Bribery Case and the United States Senate, by Albert H. Walker.[571]Minority Report of Senators Hoar and Frye, 49th Congress, 1st Session, Senate, No. 1490, p. 34.[572]Same, pp. 38, 39.[573]Hudson'sRailways and the Republic, p. 467.[574]Congressional Globe, September 12, 1888, pp. 8520-8604.[575]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 395.[576]Speech of John M. Forbes, Boston, April 30, 1889.[577]Congress Record, 51st Congress, 2d Session, p. 3651.[578]Mr. John M. Forbes, inFossils, Free Ships, and Reform.[579]See p. 307.[580]See p. 386.[581]See chs. xviii.-xxi.[582]Senate Report No. 485, 53d Congress, 2d Session, June 21, 1894.[583]Supplemental Report of Senator W.V. Allen, of the Senate Special Committee (ordered May 17, 1894) to Investigate Alleged Attempts at Bribery by the Sugar Trust.[584]United Statesvs.E.C. Knight & Co.,et al.United States Circuit Court of Appeals, Third Circuit, March 26, 1894, 60Federal Reporter, p. 34.[585]Letter of President Cleveland to Hon. W.L. Wilson, Chairman House Committee of Ways and Means, July 2, 1894, read to the House of Representatives July 18, 1894.[586]New YorkJournal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin, Sept. 21, 1893.[587]II. Coke, 84.[588]See ch. viii.[589]New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, Exhibits, pp. 614-19.[590]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3678.[591]Same, p. 3683.[592]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3684.[593]See ch. xiv., "I Want to Make Oil."[594]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, pp. 3683-94.[595]Titusville and Oil City Independents' cases. Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. v., p. 415.[596]Testimony, New York Assembly, 1879, p. 3678.[597]See pp. 216, 320.[598]See p. 188.[599]Second Annual Report, Fire Marshal of Boston, May, 1888, p. 9.[600]See p. 84.[601]See ch. xi.[602]Journal of the Senate of Minnesota, March, 1891, p. 716.[603]OmahaDaily Bee, November 24, 27; December 5, 13, 21, 1891.[604]See p. 291.[605]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 670.[606]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 389.[607]Same, p. 317.[608]See p. 62.[609]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, pp. 369-85, 435, 534-35.[610]Buffalo Lubricating Oil Companyvs.Everestet al.Supreme Court Erie Co., N.Y., 1886.[611]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 846-47.[612]Testimony in the case of George Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust, New York Court of Appeals, 1888.[613]Testimony, Independent Refiners' Associationsvs.Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad Companyet al., p. 401.[614]Testimony, George Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., cases 51-60, p. 425.[615]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 609-10.[616]Same, p. 732.[617]Same, p. 735.[618]See chs. xii. and xxxi.[619]See ch. xxii.[620]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 734, 745.[621]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 372.[622]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 12.[623]See ch. xi.[624]President E. Benjamin Andrews, of Brown University, "Trusts According to Official Investigation,"Quarterly Journal of Economics, January, 1889, p. 146.[625]See ch. xiv.[626]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2623-40.[627]Same, Report, p. 44.[628]Testimony, same, pp. 2615, 2696.[629]George Ricevs.Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroadet al.Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. iv., p. 228.[630]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 528-29.[631]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 386, 425.[632]See pp. 56-57.[633]Before the Pennsylvania Legislature, Harrisburg, February 19, 1891. HarrisburgDaily Patriot, February 25, 1891.[634]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 422.[635]Scotsman, October 7, 1892.[636]Pall Mall Gazette, January 27, 1892.[637]Standard, Shoe Lane, January 26, 1892.[638]See p. 408.[639]Combinations, by S.C.T. Dodd, 1888, p. 31.[640]Die Monopolisirung des Petroleum Handels und der Petroleum Industrie, by E.F. Scemann. L. Simeon, Berlin.[641]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 792.[642]HarrisburgPatriot, February 25, 1891.[643]Translation from the BerlinVossische Zeitung, June 12, 1891. Report of Consul-General Edwards, of Berlin.[644]See p. 106.[645]See ch. xii.[646]See chs. xi. and xxx.[647]Testimony of J.J. Carter in the case of J.J. Cartervs.Producers and Refiners' Oil Company, Limited. Court of Common Pleas, Crawford County, Pa., May Term, 1894.[648]See pp. 111, 366.[649]Affidavit of the President of the Standard Oil Company of New York before the Attorney-General, May, 1894.[650]State of Ohioex rel.David K. Watson, Attorney-General,vs.Standard Oil Company of Ohio. 49 Ohio State Reports, p. 317.[651]Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust. Supreme Court, Special Term, Part I. Andrews, Judge. Reported in the New YorkLaw Journal, April 26, 1894.[652]Testimony, Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., before Interstate Commerce Committee, p. 366.[653]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, p. 577.[654]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 18, 38, 65, 89, 111.[655]W.H. Vanderbilt, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 1597, 1669. Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 218.[656]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 9.[657]Same, pp. 9, 10.[658]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 679.[659]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 9, 10.[660]Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. i., p. 722.[661]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 398, 407, 411, 412, 415, 419-43, 594.[662]Same, p. 571.[663]Before the Attorney-General of New York. In the matter of the application of the Central Labor Union and others to the Attorney-General to have him apply to the Supreme Court for leave to begin action against the Standard Oil Company of New York to vacate the charter thereof. Affidavit, president Standard Oil Company, May, 1894.[664]New YorkMail and Express, November 12, 1890.[665]Dr. J.P. Hale, of Charleston, West Virginia, in the volume prepared by Prof. M.L. Maury, and issued by the State Centennial Board, on the resources of the State. Quoted by S.F. Peckham, United States Census, 1885, p. 6.
[501]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 932-33, 937.
[501]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 932-33, 937.
[502]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 816.
[502]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 816.
[503]See chs. xxii. to xxvi.
[503]See chs. xxii. to xxvi.
[504]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.
[504]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.
[505]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 424.
[505]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 424.
[506]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 849.
[506]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 849.
[507]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.
[507]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 847.
[508]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 429, 894.
[508]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 429, 894.
[509]Same, p. 894.
[509]Same, p. 894.
[510]Testimony, Stenographic Report, p. 895. This passage also is omitted in the transcript furnished the committee of Congress by the counsel of the trust.
[510]Testimony, Stenographic Report, p. 895. This passage also is omitted in the transcript furnished the committee of Congress by the counsel of the trust.
[511]See p. 214.
[511]See p. 214.
[512]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 533; see also p. 734.
[512]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 533; see also p. 734.
[513]See ch. xxv.
[513]See ch. xxv.
[514]Report of Citizens' Committee on City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.
[514]Report of Citizens' Committee on City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.
[515]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.
[515]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 5.
[516]Chs. xiv and xxi.
[516]Chs. xiv and xxi.
[517]State,ex rel.,vs.City of Toledo, 48th Ohio State Reports, p. 112.
[517]State,ex rel.,vs.City of Toledo, 48th Ohio State Reports, p. 112.
[518]Federal Court Reporter, vol. xxxix., pp. 651-54.
[518]Federal Court Reporter, vol. xxxix., pp. 651-54.
[519]Report of the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.
[519]Report of the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.
[520]Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 36-37.
[520]Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 36-37.
[521]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.
[521]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.
[522]See ch. xxix.
[522]See ch. xxix.
[523]See ch. xx.
[523]See ch. xx.
[524]October 19, 1889.
[524]October 19, 1889.
[525]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 6-7.
[525]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, pp. 6-7.
[526]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.
[526]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.
[527]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.
[527]City of Toledo and Its Natural Gas Bonds, p. 3.
[528]Toledo Natural Gas Trustees' Report, 1890, p. 7.
[528]Toledo Natural Gas Trustees' Report, 1890, p. 7.
[529]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 8.
[529]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 8.
[530]"Constitutional History as Seen in the Development of American Law." Lecture by D.H. Chamberlain. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York.
[530]"Constitutional History as Seen in the Development of American Law." Lecture by D.H. Chamberlain. G.P. Putnam's Sons, New York.
[531]Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, pp. 8-9.
[531]Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, pp. 8-9.
[532]Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 659.
[532]Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 659.
[533]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 428.
[533]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 428.
[534]See p. 99.
[534]See p. 99.
[535]See p. 206.
[535]See p. 206.
[536]Annual Report of Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.
[536]Annual Report of Natural Gas Trustees, 1890, p. 9.
[537]ToledoBlade, February 7 and 27, 1889.
[537]ToledoBlade, February 7 and 27, 1889.
[538]New YorkSunof March 31, 1891.
[538]New YorkSunof March 31, 1891.
[539]New YorkTribune, April 23, 1889.
[539]New YorkTribune, April 23, 1889.
[540]FromLife of William Lloyd Garrison, Told by His Children, vol. iii., ch. i., p. 12.
[540]FromLife of William Lloyd Garrison, Told by His Children, vol. iii., ch. i., p. 12.
[541]Petition of the Isaac Harter Companyvs.the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, Court of Common Pleas, Seneca County, Ohio, June 16, 1890.
[541]Petition of the Isaac Harter Companyvs.the Northwestern Ohio Natural Gas Company, Court of Common Pleas, Seneca County, Ohio, June 16, 1890.
[542]Annual Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1891, p. 6.
[542]Annual Report of the Toledo Natural Gas Trustees, 1891, p. 6.
[543]See p. 250 and ch. xxxi.
[543]See p. 250 and ch. xxxi.
[544]See p. 154.
[544]See p. 154.
[545]See p. 250.
[545]See p. 250.
[546]See p. 21.
[546]See p. 21.
[547]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees of Toledo, 1891, p. 4.
[547]Annual Report of the Natural Gas Trustees of Toledo, 1891, p. 4.
[548]Report to Stockholders, Northwestern Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.
[548]Report to Stockholders, Northwestern Natural Gas Company, January 7, 1889.
[549]Report to Stockholders, Toledo Natural Gas Company, January, 1889.
[549]Report to Stockholders, Toledo Natural Gas Company, January, 1889.
[550]See ch. xxxii.
[550]See ch. xxxii.
[551]See p. 113.
[551]See p. 113.
[552]See chs. ix. and xxxi.
[552]See chs. ix. and xxxi.
[553]See ch. xxx.
[553]See ch. xxx.
[554]Railroad Transportation, by Arthur T. Hadley. G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1886.
[554]Railroad Transportation, by Arthur T. Hadley. G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1886.
[555]Speech of Simon Sterne, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 98-118.
[555]Speech of Simon Sterne, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 98-118.
[556]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2723-24 and p. 3900.
[556]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2723-24 and p. 3900.
[557]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.
[557]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.
[558]Appeal to the Executive of Pennsylvania by the Petroleum Producers' Union, 1878. Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 354.
[558]Appeal to the Executive of Pennsylvania by the Petroleum Producers' Union, 1878. Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 354.
[559]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.
[559]New YorkHerald, January 19, 1884.
[560]See ch. vii.
[560]See ch. vii.
[561]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 1.
[561]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 1.
[562]Testimony, Appendix to the Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, 67th General Assembly, 1886, vol. lxxxii., p. 499.
[562]Testimony, Appendix to the Journal of the House of Representatives of the State of Ohio, 67th General Assembly, 1886, vol. lxxxii., p. 499.
[563]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 60.
[563]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 60.
[564]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 77, 78.
[564]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 77, 78.
[565]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 58.
[565]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 58.
[566]Same, pp. 37, 40, 66; Miscellaneous Document No. 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 32, 46, 214, andpassim.
[566]Same, pp. 37, 40, 66; Miscellaneous Document No. 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 32, 46, 214, andpassim.
[567]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 50.
[567]Report No. 1490, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 50.
[568]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 18.
[568]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, p. 18.
[569]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 81-82.
[569]Miscellaneous Document 106, United States Senate, 49th Congress, 1886, pp. 81-82.
[570]The Payne Bribery Case and the United States Senate, by Albert H. Walker.
[570]The Payne Bribery Case and the United States Senate, by Albert H. Walker.
[571]Minority Report of Senators Hoar and Frye, 49th Congress, 1st Session, Senate, No. 1490, p. 34.
[571]Minority Report of Senators Hoar and Frye, 49th Congress, 1st Session, Senate, No. 1490, p. 34.
[572]Same, pp. 38, 39.
[572]Same, pp. 38, 39.
[573]Hudson'sRailways and the Republic, p. 467.
[573]Hudson'sRailways and the Republic, p. 467.
[574]Congressional Globe, September 12, 1888, pp. 8520-8604.
[574]Congressional Globe, September 12, 1888, pp. 8520-8604.
[575]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 395.
[575]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 395.
[576]Speech of John M. Forbes, Boston, April 30, 1889.
[576]Speech of John M. Forbes, Boston, April 30, 1889.
[577]Congress Record, 51st Congress, 2d Session, p. 3651.
[577]Congress Record, 51st Congress, 2d Session, p. 3651.
[578]Mr. John M. Forbes, inFossils, Free Ships, and Reform.
[578]Mr. John M. Forbes, inFossils, Free Ships, and Reform.
[579]See p. 307.
[579]See p. 307.
[580]See p. 386.
[580]See p. 386.
[581]See chs. xviii.-xxi.
[581]See chs. xviii.-xxi.
[582]Senate Report No. 485, 53d Congress, 2d Session, June 21, 1894.
[582]Senate Report No. 485, 53d Congress, 2d Session, June 21, 1894.
[583]Supplemental Report of Senator W.V. Allen, of the Senate Special Committee (ordered May 17, 1894) to Investigate Alleged Attempts at Bribery by the Sugar Trust.
[583]Supplemental Report of Senator W.V. Allen, of the Senate Special Committee (ordered May 17, 1894) to Investigate Alleged Attempts at Bribery by the Sugar Trust.
[584]United Statesvs.E.C. Knight & Co.,et al.United States Circuit Court of Appeals, Third Circuit, March 26, 1894, 60Federal Reporter, p. 34.
[584]United Statesvs.E.C. Knight & Co.,et al.United States Circuit Court of Appeals, Third Circuit, March 26, 1894, 60Federal Reporter, p. 34.
[585]Letter of President Cleveland to Hon. W.L. Wilson, Chairman House Committee of Ways and Means, July 2, 1894, read to the House of Representatives July 18, 1894.
[585]Letter of President Cleveland to Hon. W.L. Wilson, Chairman House Committee of Ways and Means, July 2, 1894, read to the House of Representatives July 18, 1894.
[586]New YorkJournal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin, Sept. 21, 1893.
[586]New YorkJournal of Commerce and Commercial Bulletin, Sept. 21, 1893.
[587]II. Coke, 84.
[587]II. Coke, 84.
[588]See ch. viii.
[588]See ch. viii.
[589]New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, Exhibits, pp. 614-19.
[589]New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, Exhibits, pp. 614-19.
[590]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3678.
[590]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3678.
[591]Same, p. 3683.
[591]Same, p. 3683.
[592]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3684.
[592]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, p. 3684.
[593]See ch. xiv., "I Want to Make Oil."
[593]See ch. xiv., "I Want to Make Oil."
[594]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, pp. 3683-94.
[594]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, pp. 3683-94.
[595]Titusville and Oil City Independents' cases. Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. v., p. 415.
[595]Titusville and Oil City Independents' cases. Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. v., p. 415.
[596]Testimony, New York Assembly, 1879, p. 3678.
[596]Testimony, New York Assembly, 1879, p. 3678.
[597]See pp. 216, 320.
[597]See pp. 216, 320.
[598]See p. 188.
[598]See p. 188.
[599]Second Annual Report, Fire Marshal of Boston, May, 1888, p. 9.
[599]Second Annual Report, Fire Marshal of Boston, May, 1888, p. 9.
[600]See p. 84.
[600]See p. 84.
[601]See ch. xi.
[601]See ch. xi.
[602]Journal of the Senate of Minnesota, March, 1891, p. 716.
[602]Journal of the Senate of Minnesota, March, 1891, p. 716.
[603]OmahaDaily Bee, November 24, 27; December 5, 13, 21, 1891.
[603]OmahaDaily Bee, November 24, 27; December 5, 13, 21, 1891.
[604]See p. 291.
[604]See p. 291.
[605]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 670.
[605]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 670.
[606]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 389.
[606]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 389.
[607]Same, p. 317.
[607]Same, p. 317.
[608]See p. 62.
[608]See p. 62.
[609]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, pp. 369-85, 435, 534-35.
[609]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, pp. 369-85, 435, 534-35.
[610]Buffalo Lubricating Oil Companyvs.Everestet al.Supreme Court Erie Co., N.Y., 1886.
[610]Buffalo Lubricating Oil Companyvs.Everestet al.Supreme Court Erie Co., N.Y., 1886.
[611]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 846-47.
[611]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 846-47.
[612]Testimony in the case of George Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust, New York Court of Appeals, 1888.
[612]Testimony in the case of George Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust, New York Court of Appeals, 1888.
[613]Testimony, Independent Refiners' Associationsvs.Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad Companyet al., p. 401.
[613]Testimony, Independent Refiners' Associationsvs.Western New York and Pennsylvania Railroad Companyet al., p. 401.
[614]Testimony, George Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., cases 51-60, p. 425.
[614]Testimony, George Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., cases 51-60, p. 425.
[615]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 609-10.
[615]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 609-10.
[616]Same, p. 732.
[616]Same, p. 732.
[617]Same, p. 735.
[617]Same, p. 735.
[618]See chs. xii. and xxxi.
[618]See chs. xii. and xxxi.
[619]See ch. xxii.
[619]See ch. xxii.
[620]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 734, 745.
[620]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 734, 745.
[621]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 372.
[621]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 372.
[622]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 12.
[622]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 12.
[623]See ch. xi.
[623]See ch. xi.
[624]President E. Benjamin Andrews, of Brown University, "Trusts According to Official Investigation,"Quarterly Journal of Economics, January, 1889, p. 146.
[624]President E. Benjamin Andrews, of Brown University, "Trusts According to Official Investigation,"Quarterly Journal of Economics, January, 1889, p. 146.
[625]See ch. xiv.
[625]See ch. xiv.
[626]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2623-40.
[626]Testimony, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 2623-40.
[627]Same, Report, p. 44.
[627]Same, Report, p. 44.
[628]Testimony, same, pp. 2615, 2696.
[628]Testimony, same, pp. 2615, 2696.
[629]George Ricevs.Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroadet al.Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. iv., p. 228.
[629]George Ricevs.Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fé Railroadet al.Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. iv., p. 228.
[630]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 528-29.
[630]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 528-29.
[631]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 386, 425.
[631]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 386, 425.
[632]See pp. 56-57.
[632]See pp. 56-57.
[633]Before the Pennsylvania Legislature, Harrisburg, February 19, 1891. HarrisburgDaily Patriot, February 25, 1891.
[633]Before the Pennsylvania Legislature, Harrisburg, February 19, 1891. HarrisburgDaily Patriot, February 25, 1891.
[634]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 422.
[634]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 422.
[635]Scotsman, October 7, 1892.
[635]Scotsman, October 7, 1892.
[636]Pall Mall Gazette, January 27, 1892.
[636]Pall Mall Gazette, January 27, 1892.
[637]Standard, Shoe Lane, January 26, 1892.
[637]Standard, Shoe Lane, January 26, 1892.
[638]See p. 408.
[638]See p. 408.
[639]Combinations, by S.C.T. Dodd, 1888, p. 31.
[639]Combinations, by S.C.T. Dodd, 1888, p. 31.
[640]Die Monopolisirung des Petroleum Handels und der Petroleum Industrie, by E.F. Scemann. L. Simeon, Berlin.
[640]Die Monopolisirung des Petroleum Handels und der Petroleum Industrie, by E.F. Scemann. L. Simeon, Berlin.
[641]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 792.
[641]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 792.
[642]HarrisburgPatriot, February 25, 1891.
[642]HarrisburgPatriot, February 25, 1891.
[643]Translation from the BerlinVossische Zeitung, June 12, 1891. Report of Consul-General Edwards, of Berlin.
[643]Translation from the BerlinVossische Zeitung, June 12, 1891. Report of Consul-General Edwards, of Berlin.
[644]See p. 106.
[644]See p. 106.
[645]See ch. xii.
[645]See ch. xii.
[646]See chs. xi. and xxx.
[646]See chs. xi. and xxx.
[647]Testimony of J.J. Carter in the case of J.J. Cartervs.Producers and Refiners' Oil Company, Limited. Court of Common Pleas, Crawford County, Pa., May Term, 1894.
[647]Testimony of J.J. Carter in the case of J.J. Cartervs.Producers and Refiners' Oil Company, Limited. Court of Common Pleas, Crawford County, Pa., May Term, 1894.
[648]See pp. 111, 366.
[648]See pp. 111, 366.
[649]Affidavit of the President of the Standard Oil Company of New York before the Attorney-General, May, 1894.
[649]Affidavit of the President of the Standard Oil Company of New York before the Attorney-General, May, 1894.
[650]State of Ohioex rel.David K. Watson, Attorney-General,vs.Standard Oil Company of Ohio. 49 Ohio State Reports, p. 317.
[650]State of Ohioex rel.David K. Watson, Attorney-General,vs.Standard Oil Company of Ohio. 49 Ohio State Reports, p. 317.
[651]Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust. Supreme Court, Special Term, Part I. Andrews, Judge. Reported in the New YorkLaw Journal, April 26, 1894.
[651]Ricevs.Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust. Supreme Court, Special Term, Part I. Andrews, Judge. Reported in the New YorkLaw Journal, April 26, 1894.
[652]Testimony, Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., before Interstate Commerce Committee, p. 366.
[652]Testimony, Ricevs.Louisville and Nashville Railroadet al., before Interstate Commerce Committee, p. 366.
[653]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, p. 577.
[653]Testimony, Commonwealth of Pennsylvaniavs.Pennsylvania Railroadet al., 1879, p. 577.
[654]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 18, 38, 65, 89, 111.
[654]Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, pp. 18, 38, 65, 89, 111.
[655]W.H. Vanderbilt, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 1597, 1669. Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 218.
[655]W.H. Vanderbilt, New York Assembly "Hepburn" Report, 1879, pp. 1597, 1669. Testimony, Trusts, Congress, 1888, p. 218.
[656]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 9.
[656]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, p. 9.
[657]Same, pp. 9, 10.
[657]Same, pp. 9, 10.
[658]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 679.
[658]Testimony, Corners, New York Senate, 1883, p. 679.
[659]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 9, 10.
[659]Report, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 9, 10.
[660]Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. i., p. 722.
[660]Interstate Commerce Commission Reports, vol. i., p. 722.
[661]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 398, 407, 411, 412, 415, 419-43, 594.
[661]Testimony, Trusts, New York Senate, 1888, pp. 398, 407, 411, 412, 415, 419-43, 594.
[662]Same, p. 571.
[662]Same, p. 571.
[663]Before the Attorney-General of New York. In the matter of the application of the Central Labor Union and others to the Attorney-General to have him apply to the Supreme Court for leave to begin action against the Standard Oil Company of New York to vacate the charter thereof. Affidavit, president Standard Oil Company, May, 1894.
[663]Before the Attorney-General of New York. In the matter of the application of the Central Labor Union and others to the Attorney-General to have him apply to the Supreme Court for leave to begin action against the Standard Oil Company of New York to vacate the charter thereof. Affidavit, president Standard Oil Company, May, 1894.
[664]New YorkMail and Express, November 12, 1890.
[664]New YorkMail and Express, November 12, 1890.
[665]Dr. J.P. Hale, of Charleston, West Virginia, in the volume prepared by Prof. M.L. Maury, and issued by the State Centennial Board, on the resources of the State. Quoted by S.F. Peckham, United States Census, 1885, p. 6.
[665]Dr. J.P. Hale, of Charleston, West Virginia, in the volume prepared by Prof. M.L. Maury, and issued by the State Centennial Board, on the resources of the State. Quoted by S.F. Peckham, United States Census, 1885, p. 6.