PHANEROGAMIC; PHANEROGAMOUSPhan`er*o*gam"ic, Phan`er*og"a*mous, a.
Defn: Having visible flowers containing distinct stamens and pistils; — said of plants.
PHANEROGLOSSALPhan`er*o*glos"sal, a. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Having a conspicious tongue; — said of certain reptiles and insects.
PHANTASCOPEPhan"ta*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.]
Defn: An optical instrument or toy, resembling the phenakistoscope, and illustrating the same principle; — called also phantasmascope.
PHANTASMPhan"tasm, n. Etym: [L. phantasma. See Phantom, and cf. Fantasm.][Spelt also fantasm.]
1. An image formed by the mind, and supposed to be real or material; a shadowy or airy appearance; sometimes, an optical illusion; a phantom; a dream. They be but phantasms or apparitions. Sir W. Raleigh.
2. A mental image or representation of a real object; a fancy; a notion. Cudworth. Figures or little features, of which the description had produced in you no phantasm or expectation. Jer. Taylor.
PHANTASMAPhan"tas"ma, n. Etym: [L.]
Defn: A phantasm.
PHANTASMAGORIAPhan*tas`ma*go"ri*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. phantasmagorie.]
1. An optical effect produced by a magic lantern. The figures are painted in transparent colors, and all the rest of the glass is opaque black. The screen is between the spectators and the instrument, and the figures are often made to appear as in motion, or to merge into one another.
2. The apparatus by which such an effect is produced.
3. Fig.: A medley of figures; illusive images. "This mental phantasmagoria." Sir W. Scott.
PHANTASMAGORIALPhan*tas`ma*go"ri*al, a.
Defn: Of, relating to, or resembling phantasmagoria; phantasmagoric.
PHANTASMAGORICPhan*tas`ma*gor"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to phantasmagoria; phantasmagorial. Hawthorne.
PHANTASMAGORYPhan*tas"ma*go*ry, n.
Defn: See Phantasmagoria.
PHANTASMALPhan*tas"mal, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, of the nature of, or resembling, a phantasm; spectral; illusive.
PHANTASMASCOPEPhan*tas"ma*scope, n.
Defn: See Phantascope.
PHANTASMATICALPhan`tas*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. phantasmaticus.]
Defn: Phantasmal. Dr. H. More.
PHANTASMATOGRAPHYPhan*tas`ma*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]
Defn: A description of celestial phenomena, as rainbows, etc.
PHANTASTIC; PHANTASTICALPhan*tas"tic, Phan*tas"tic*al, a.
Defn: See Fantastic.
PHANTASYPhan"ta*sy, n.
Defn: See Fantasy, and Fancy.
PHANTOMPhan"tom, n. Etym: [OE. fantome, fantosme, fantesme, OF. fantôme, fr.L. phantasma, Gr. Fancy, and cf. Phaëton, Phantasm, Phase.]
Defn: That which has only an apparent existence; an apparition; a specter; a phantasm; a sprite; an airy spirit; an ideal image. Strange phantoms rising as the mists arise. Pope. She was a phantom of delight. Wordsworth. Phantom ship. See Flying Dutchman, under Flying. — Phantom tumor (Med.), a swelling, especially of the abdomen, due to muscular spasm, accumulation of flatus, etc., simulating an actual tumor in appearance, but disappearing upon the administration of an anæsthetic.
PHANTOMATICPhan`tom*at"ic, a.
Defn: Phantasmal. [R.] Coleridge.
PHANTOM CIRCUITPhantom circuit. (Elec.)
Defn: The equivalent of an additional circuit or wire, in reality not existing, obtained by certain arrangements of real circuits, as in some multiplex telegraph systems.
PHARAOHPha"raoh, n. Etym: [Heb. paroh; of Egyptian origin: cf. L. pharao,Gr. Faro.]
1. A title by which the sovereigns of ancient Egypt were designated.
2. See Faro. Pharaoh's chicken (Zoöl.), the gier-eagle, or Egyptian vulture; — so called because often sculpured on Egyptian monuments. It is nearly white in color. — Pharaoh's rat (Zoöl.), the common ichneumon.
PHARAONPha"ra*on, n.
Defn: See Pharaoh, 2.
PHARAONICPhar`a*on"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. pharaonique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the Pharaohs, or kings of ancient Egypt.
PHAREPhare, n. Etym: [See Pharos.]
1. A beacon tower; a lighthouse. [Obs.]
2. Hence, a harbor. Howell.
PHARISAIC; PHARISAICAL Phar`i*sa"ic, Phar`i*sa"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. Pharisaicus, Gr. pharisaïque. See Pharisee.]
1. Of or pertaining to the Pharisees; resembling the Pharisees. "The Pharisaic sect among the Jews." Cudworth.
2. Hence: Addicted to external forms and ceremonies; making a show of religion without the spirit of it; ceremonial; formal; hypocritical; self-righteous. "Excess of outward and pharisaical holiness. " Bacon. "Pharisaical ostentation." Macaulay. — Phar`i*sa"ic*al*ly, adv. — Phar`i*sa"ic*al*ness, n.
PHARISAISMPhar`i*sa"ism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pharisaisme.]
1. The notions, doctrines, and conduct of the Pharisees, as a sect. Sharp.
2. Rigid observance of external forms of religion, without genuine piety; hypocrisy in religion; a censorious, self-righteous spirit in matters of morals or manners. "A piece of pharisaism." Hammond.
PHARISEANPhar`i*se"an, a. Etym: [L. Pharisaeus, Gr.
Defn: Following the practice of Pharisees; Pharisaic. [Obs.]"Pharisean disciples." Milton.
PHARISEEPhar"i*see, n. Etym: [L. Pharisaeus, Gr. parash to separate.]
Defn: One of a sect or party among the Jews, noted for a strict and formal observance of rites and ceremonies and of the traditions of the elders, and whose pretensions to superior sanctity led them to separate themselves from the other Jews.
PHARISEEISMPhar"i*see*ism, n.
Defn: See Pharisaism.
PHARMACEUTIC; PHARMACEUTICAL Phar`ma*ceu"tic, Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al, a. Etym: [L. pharmaceuticus, Gr. pharmaceutique. See Pharmacy.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to the knowledge or art of pharmacy, or to the art of preparing medicines according to the rules or formulas of pharmacy; as, pharmaceutical preparations. — Phar`ma*ceu"tic*al*ly, adv. Pharmaceutical chemistry, that department of chemistry which ascertains or regulates the composition of medicinal substances.
PHARMACEUTICSPhar`ma*ceu"tics, n.
Defn: The science of preparing medicines.
PHARMACEUTISTPhar`ma*ceu"tist, n.
Defn: One skilled in pharmacy; a druggist. See the Note underApothecary.
PHARMACISTPhar"ma*cist, n.
Defn: One skilled in pharmacy; a pharmaceutist; a druggist.
PHARMACODYMANICSPhar`ma*co*dy*man"ics, n. [Gr. drug + E. dynamics.]
Defn: That branch of pharmacology which treats of the action and the effects of medicines.
PHARMACODYNAMICSPhar`ma*co*dy*nam"ics, n. Etym: [Gr. dynamics.]
Defn: That branch of pharmacology which considers the mode of action, and the effects, of medicines. Dunglison.
PHARMACOGNOSISPhar`ma*cog*no"sis, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: That branch of pharmacology which treats of unprepared medicines or simples; — called also pharmacography, and pharmacomathy.
PHARMACOGNOSYPhar`ma*cog"no*sy, n.
Defn: Pharmacognosis.
PHARMACOGRAPHYPhar`ma*cog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]
Defn: See Pharmacognosis.
PHARMACOLITEPhar*mac"o*lite, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite: cf. F. pharmacolithe.] (Min.)
Defn: A hydrous arsenate of lime, usually occurring in silky fibers of a white or grayish color.
PHARMACOLOGISTPhar`ma*col"o*gist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. pharmacologiste.]
Defn: One skilled in pharmacology.
PHARMACOLOGYPhar`ma*col"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. pharmacologie.]
1. Knowledge of drugs or medicines; the art of preparing medicines.
2. A treatise on the art of preparing medicines.
PHARMACOMATHYPhar`ma*com"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: See Pharmacognosis.
PHARMACONPhar"ma*con, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.
Defn: A medicine or drug; also, a poison. Dunglison.
PHARMACOPOEIAPhar`ma*co*poe"ia, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr.
1. A book or treatise describing the drugs, preparations, etc., used in medicine; especially, one that is issued by official authority and considered as an authoritative standard.
2. A chemical laboratory. [Obs.] Dunglison.
PHARMACOPOLISTPhar`ma*cop"o*list, n. Etym: [L. pharmacopola, Gr.
Defn: One who sells medicines; an apothecary.
PHARMACOSIDERITEPhar`ma*co*sid"er*ite, n. Etym: [Gr. siderite.] (Min.)
Defn: A hydrous arsenate of iron occurring in green or yellowish green cubic crystals; cube ore.
PHARMACY Phar"ma*cy, n. Etym: [OE. fermacie, OF. farmacie, pharmacie, F. pharmacie, Gr.
1. The art or practice of preparing and preserving drugs, and of compounding and dispensing medicines according to prescriptions of physicians; the occupation of an apothecary or a pharmaceutical chemist.
2. A place where medicines are compounded; a drug store; an apothecary's shop.
PHAROPha"ro, n.
1. A pharos; a lighthouse. [Obs.]
2. See Faro.
PHAROLOGYPha*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]
Defn: The art or science which treats of lighthouses and signal lights.
PHAROSPha"ros, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr.
Defn: A lighthouse or beacon for the guidance of seamen.He . . . built a pharos, or lighthouse. Arbuthnot.
PHARYNGALPha*ryn"gal, a.
Defn: Pharyngeal. H. Sweet.
PHARYNGEALPhar`yn*ge"al, a. Etym: [See Pharynx.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the pharynx; in the region of the pharynx.
PHARYNGEALPhar`yn*ge"al, n. (Anat.)
Defn: A pharyngeal bone or cartilage; especially, one of the lower pharyngeals, which belong to the rudimentary fifth branchial arch in many fishes, or one of the upper pharyngeals, or pharyngobranchials, which are the dorsal elements in the complete branchial arches.
PHARYNGITISPhar`yn*gi"tis, n. Etym: [NL. See Pharynx, and -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of the pharynx.
PHARYNGOBRANCHIALPha*ryn`go*bran"chi*al, a. Etym: [Pharynx + branchial.] (Anat.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to the pharynx and the branchiæ; — applied especially to the dorsal elements in the branchial arches of fishes. See Pharyngeal. — n.
Defn: A pharyngobranchial, or upper pharyngeal, bone or cartilage.
PHARYNGOBRANCHIIPha*ryn`go*bran"chi*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pharynx, and Branchia.](Zoöl.)
Defn: Same as Leptocardia.
PHARYNGOGNATHIPhar`yn*gog"na*thi, n. pl. Etym: [NL. See Pharynx, and Gnathic.](Zoöl.)
Defn: A division of fishes in which the lower pharyngeal bones are united. It includes the scaroid, labroid, and embioticoid fishes.
PHARYNGOLARYNGEALPha*ryn`go*lar`yn*ge"al, a. Etym: [Pharynx + laryngeal.]
Defn: Of or pertaining both to pharynx and the larynx.
PHARYNGOPNEUSTAPha*ryn`gop*neus"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A group of invertebrates including the Tunicata andEnteropneusta.— Pha*ryn`gop*neus"tal, a.
PHARYNGOTOMEPha*ryn"go*tome, n. (Surg.)
Defn: An instrument for incising or scarifying the tonsils, etc.
PHARYNGOTOMY Phar`yn*got"o*my, n. Etym: [Pharynx + Gr. : cf. F. pharyngotomie.] (Surg.) (a) The operation of making an incision into the pharynx, to remove a tumor or anything that obstructs the passage. (b) Scarification or incision of the tonsils.
PHARYNXPhar"ynx, n.; pl. pharynges. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. pharynx.] (Anat.)
Defn: The part of the alimentary canal between the cavity of the mouth and the esophagus. It has one or two external openings through the nose in the higher vertebrates, and lateral branchial openings in fishes and some amphibias.
PHASCOLOMEPhas"co*lome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A marsupial of the genus Phascolomys; a wombat.
PHASEPhase, n.; pl. Phases. Etym: [NL. phasis, Gr. phase. See Phenomenon,Phantom, and Emphasis.]
1. That which is exhibited to the eye; the appearance which anything manifests, especially any one among different and varying appearances of the same object.
2. Any appearance or aspect of an object of mental apprehension or view; as, the problem has many phases.
3. (Astron.)
Defn: A particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes with respect to quantity of illumination or form of enlightened disk; as, the phases of the moon or planets. See Illust. under Moon.
4. (Physics)
Defn: Any one point or portion in a recurring series of changes, as in the changes of motion of one of the particles constituting a wave or vibration; one portion of a series of such changes, in distinction from a contrasted portion, as the portion on one side of a position of equilibrium, in contrast with that on the opposite side.
PHASE ANGLEPhase angle. (Elec.)
Defn: The angle expressing phase relation.
PHASE CONVERTERPhase converter. (Elec.)
Defn: A machine for converting an alternating current into an alternating current of a different number of phases and the same frequency.
PHASE DISPLACEMENTPhase displacement. (Elec.)
Defn: A charge of phase whereby an alternating current attains its maximum later or earlier. An inductance would cause a lag, a capacity would cause an advance, in phase.
PHASELPha"sel, n. Etym: [L. phaselus, phaseolus, Gr. phaséole, faséole. Cf.Fesels.]
Defn: The French bean, or kidney bean.
PHASELESSPhase"less, a.
Defn: Without a phase, or visible form. [R.] "A phaseless and increasing gloom." Poe.
PHASE METER; PHASEMETERPhase meter, or Phase"me`ter, n. (Elec.)
Defn: A device for measuring the difference in phase of two alternating currents of electromotive forces.
PHASEOLUSPha*se"o*lus, n. Etym: [L.] (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of leguminous plants, including the Lima bean, the kidney bean, the scarlet runner, etc. See Bean.
PHASEOMANNITE Pha`se*o*man"nite, n. Etym: [So called because found in the unripe fruit of the bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).] (Chem.)
Defn: Same as Inosite.
PHASE RULEPhase rule. (Phys. Chem.)
Defn: A generalization with regard to systems of chemical equilibrium, discovered by Prof. J. Willard Gibbs. It may be stated thus: The degree of variableness (number of degrees of freedom) of a system is equal to the number of components minus the number of phases, plus two. Thus, if the components be salt and water, and the phases salt, ice, saturated solution, and vapor, the system is invariant, that is, there is only one set of conditions under which these four phases can exist in equilibrium. If only three phases be considered, the system is univariant, that is, the fixing of one condition, as temperature, determines the others.
PHASE SPLITTERPhase splitter. (Elec.)
Defn: A device by which a single-phase current is split into two or more currents differing in phase. It is used in starting single-phase induction motors.
PHASE SPLITTINGPhase splitting. (Elec.)
Defn: The dephasing of the two parts of a single alternating current in two dissimilar branches of a given circuit.
PHASINGPhas"ing, a. (Elec.)
Defn: Pertaining to phase or differences of phase.
PHASING CURRENTPhasing current.
Defn: The momentary current between two alternating-current generators when juxtaposed in parallel and not agreeing exactly in phase or period.
PHASING TRANSFORMERPhasing transformer.
Defn: Any of several transformers (there must be at least two) for changing phase.
PHASISPha"sis, n.; pl. Phases. Etym: [NL.]
Defn: See Phase. Creech.
PHASM; PHASMAPhasm, Phas"ma, n. Etym: [L. phasma, Gr. Phase.]
Defn: An apparition; a phantom; an appearance. [R.] Hammond. Sir T.Herbert.
PHASMID Phas"mid, n. Etym: [See Phasm. Probably so called from its mimicking, or appearing like, inanimate objects.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any orthopterous insect of the family Phasmidæ, as a leaf insect or a stick insect.
PHASSACHATEPhas"sa*chate, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)
Defn: The lead-colored agate; — so called in reference to its color.
PHATAGINPhat"a*gin, n. Etym: [Cf. Gr. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The long-tailed pangolin (Manis tetradactyla); — called also ipi.
PHEASANT Pheas"ant, n. Etym: [OE. fesant, fesaunt, OF. faisant, faisan, F. faisan, L. phasianus, Gr.
1. (Zoöl.)
Defn: Any one of numerous species of large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus, and many other genera of the family Phasianidæ, found chiefly in Asia.
Note: The common, or English, pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) is now found over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The ring-necked pheasant (P. torquatus) and the green pheasant (P. versicolor) have been introduced into Oregon. The golden pheasant (Thaumalea picta) is one of the most beautiful species. The silver pheasant (Euplocamus nychthemerus) of China, and several related species from Southern Asia, are very beautiful.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: The ruffed grouse. [Southern U.S.]
Note: Various other birds are locally called pheasants, as the lyre bird, the leipoa, etc. Fireback pheasant. See Fireback. — Gold, or Golden, pheasant (Zoöl.), a Chinese pheasant (Thaumalea picta), having rich, varied colors. The crest is amber-colored, the rump is golden yellow, and the under parts are scarlet. — Mountain pheasant (Zoöl.), the ruffed grouse. [Local, U.S.] — Pheasant coucal (Zoöl.), a large Australian cuckoo (Centropus phasianus). The general color is black, with chestnut wings and brown tail. Called also pheasant cuckoo. The name is also applied to other allied species. — Pheasant duck. (Zoöl.) (a) The pintail. (b) The hooded merganser. — Pheasant parrot (Zoöl.), a large and beautiful Australian parrakeet (Platycercus Adelaidensis). The male has the back black, the feathers margined with yellowish blue and scarlet, the quills deep blue, the wing coverts and cheeks light blue, the crown, sides of the neck, breast, and middle of the belly scarlet. — Pheasant's eye. (Bot.) (a) A red-flowered herb (Adonis autumnalis) of the Crowfoot family; — called also pheasant's-eye Adonis. (b) The garden pink (Dianthus plumarius); — called also Pheasant's-eye pink. — Pheasant shell (Zoöl.), any marine univalve shell of the genus Phasianella, of which numerous species are found in tropical seas. The shell is smooth and usually richly colored, the colors often forming blotches like those of a pheasant. — Pheasant wood. (Bot.) Same as Partridge wood (a), under Partridge. — Sea pheasant (Zoöl.), the pintail. — Water pheasant. (Zoöl.) (a) The sheldrake. (b) The hooded merganser.
PHEASANTRYPheas"ant*ry, n. Etym: [Cf. F. faisanderie.]
Defn: A place for keeping and rearing pheasants. Gwilt.
PHEBEPhe"be, n. (Zoöl.)
Defn: See Phoebe.
PHEERPheer, n.
Defn: See 1st Fere. [Obs.] Spenser.
PHEESEPheese, v. t.
Defn: To comb; also, to beat; to worry. [Obs. or Local] See Feaze, v.
PHEESEPheese, n.
Defn: Fretful excitement. [Obs. or Local] See Feaze, n.
PHELLODERMPhel"lo*derm, n. Etym: [Gr. -derm.] (Bot.)
Defn: A layer of green parenchimatous cells formed on the inner side of the phellogen.
PHELLOGENPhel"lo*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Bot.)
Defn: The tissue of young cells which produces cork cells.
PHELLOPLASTICSPhel`lo*plas"tics, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Art of modeling in cork.
PHENACETIN; PHENACETINEPhe*nac"e*tin, Phe*nac"e*tine, n. [Phenyl + acetic + -in.] (Pharm.)
Defn: A white, crystalline compound, C10H13O2N, used in medicine principally as an antipyretic.
PHENACITEPhen"a*cite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)
Defn: A glassy colorless mineral occurring in rhombohedral crystals, sometimes used as a gem. It is a silicate of glucina, and receives its name from its deceptive similarity to quartz.
PHENAKISTOSCOPEPhen`a*kis"to*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.]
Defn: A revolving disk on which figures drawn in different relative attitudes are seen successively, so as to produce the appearance of an object in actual motion, as an animal leaping, etc., in consequence of the persistence of the successive visual impressions of the retina. It is often arranged so that the figures may be projected upon a screen.
PHENALGINPhe*nal"gin, n. [Phenyl + analgetic + -in.] (Pharm.)
Defn: An ammoniated compound of phenyl and acetamide, used as an analgesic and antipyretic. It resembles phenacetin in its therapeutic action.
PHENANTHRENEPhe*nan"threne, n. Etym: [Phenyl + antracene.] (Chem.)
Defn: A complex hydrocarbon, C14H10, found in coal tar, and obtained as a white crystalline substance with a bluish fluorescence.
PHENANTHRIDINEPhe*nan"thri*dine, n. Etym: [Phenanthrene + pyridine.] (Chem.)
Defn: A nitrogenous hydrocarbon base, C13H9N, analogous to phenanthrene and quinoline.
PHENANTHROLINEPhe*nan"thro*line, n. Etym: [Phenanthrene + quinoline.] (Chem.)
Defn: Either of two metameric nitrogenous hydrocarbon bases, C12H8N2, analogous to phenanthridine, but more highly nitrogenized.
PHENEPhene, n. (Chem.)
Defn: Benzene. [Obs.]
PHENETOLPhe"ne*tol, n. Etym: [Phenyl + ethyl + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.)
Defn: The ethyl ether of phenol, obtained as an aromatic liquid,C6H5.O.C2H5.
PHENICPhe"nic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Of, pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, phenyl or phenol. Phenic acid (Chem.), a phenol. [Obsoles.]
PHENICIANPhe*ni"cian, a. & n.
Defn: See Phoenician.
PHENICINE Phen"i*cine, n. Etym: [Gr. foi^nix purple red: cf. F. phénicine.] (Chem.) (a) A purple powder precipitated when a sulphuric solution of indigo is diluted with water. (b) A coloring matter produced by the action of a mixture of strong nitric and sulphuric acids on phenylic alcohol. Watts.
PHENICIOUSPhe*ni"cious, a. Etym: [L. phoeniceus, Gr. foini`keos, from
Defn: Of a red color with a slight mixture of gray. Dana.
PHENICOPTER Phen`i*cop"ter, n. Etym: [L. phoenicopterus, Gr. foiniko`pteros, i.e., red-feathered; foi^nix, foi`nikos, purple red + ptero`n feather: cf. F. phénicoptère.] (Zoöl.)
Defn: A flamingo.
PHENIX Phe"nix, n.; pl. Phenixes. Etym: [L. phoenix, Gr. foi^nix.] [Written also phoenix.]
1. (Gr. Myth.)
Defn: A bird fabled to exist single, to be consumed by fire by its own act, and to rise again from its ashes. Hence, an emblem of immortality.
2. (Astron.)
Defn: A southern constellation.
3. A marvelous person or thing. [R.] Latimer.
PHENOCRYSTPhe"no*cryst, n. [Gr. to appear + crystal.] (Geol.)
Defn: One of the prominent embedded crystals of a porphyry.
PHENOGAMIAPhen`o*ga"mi*a, n. pl. (Bot.)
Defn: Same as Phænogamia.
PHENOGAMIAN; PHENOGAMIC; PHENOGAMOUSPhen`o*ga"mi*an, Phen`o*gam"ic, Phe*nog"a*mous, a.
Defn: Same as Phænogamian, Phænogamic, etc.
PHENOLPhe"nol, n. Etym: [Gr. -ol: cf. F. phénol.] (Chem.)
1. A white or pinkish crystalline substance, C6H5OH, produced by the destructive distillation of many organic bodies, as wood, coal, etc., and obtained from the heavy oil from coal tar.
Note: It has a peculiar odor, somewhat resembling creosote, which is a complex mixture of phenol derivatives. It is of the type of alcohols, and is called also phenyl alcohol, but has acid properties, and hence is popularly called carbolic acid, and was formerly called phenic acid. It is a powerful caustic poison, and in dilute solution has been used as an antiseptic.
2. Any one of the series of hydroxyl derivatives of which phenol proper is the type. Glacial phenol (Chem.), pure crystallized phenol or carbolic acid. — Phenol acid (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds which are at once derivatives of both phenol and some member of the fatty acid series; thus, salicylic acid is a phenol acid. — Phenol alcohol (Chem.), any one of series of derivatives of phenol and carbinol which have the properties of both combined; thus, saligenin is a phenol alcohol. — Phenol aldehyde (Chem.), any one of a series of compounds having both phenol and aldehyde properties. — Phenol phthalein. See under Phthalein.
PHENOLATEPhe"no*late, n. Etym: [Phenol + -ate.] (Chem.)
Defn: A compound of phenol analogous to a salt.
PHENOLOGYPhe*nol"o*gy, n. [Contracted from Phenomenology.] (Biol.)
Defn: The science of the relations between climate and periodic biological phenomena, as the migrations and breeding of birds, the flowering and fruiting of plants, etc. — Phe`no*log"ic*al (#), a. — Phe`no*log"ic*al*ly, adv. — Phe*nol"o*gist (#), n.
PHENOLPHTHALEIN; PHENOL PHTHALEINPhe`nol*phthal"e*in, n., or Phenol phthalein. (Chem.)
Defn: A white or yellowish white crystalline substance, C20H14O4, formed by condensation of the anhydride of phthalic acid and phenol. Its solution in alkalies is brilliant red, but is decolorized by acids. This reaction, being very delicate, is used as an indicator.
PHENOMENALPhe*nom"e*nal, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phénoménal.]
Defn: Relating to, or of the nature of, a phenomenon; hence, extraordinary; wonderful; as, a phenomenal memory. — Phe*nom"e*nal*ly, adv.
PHENOMENALISMPhe*nom"e*nal*ism, n. (Metaph.)
Defn: That theory which limits positive or scientific knowledge to phenomena only, whether material or spiritual.
PHENOMENISTPhe*nom"e*nist, n.
Defn: One who believes in the theory of phenomenalism.
PHENOMENOLOGY Phe*nom`e*nol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Phenomenon + -logy: cf. F. phénoménologie.]
Defn: A description, history, or explanation of phenomena. "The phenomenology of the mind." Sir W. Hamilton.
PHENOMENONPhe*nom"e*non, n.; pl. Phenomena. Etym: [L. phaenomenon, Gr.faino`menon, fr. fai`nesqai to appear, fai`nein to show. SeePhantom.]
1. An appearance; anything visible; whatever, in matter or spirit, is apparent to, or is apprehended by, observation; as, the phenomena of heat, light, or electricity; phenomena of imagination or memory. In the phenomena of the material world, and in many of the phenomena of mind. Stewart.
2. That which strikes one as strange, unusual, or unaccountable; an extraordinary or very remarkable person, thing, or occurrence; as, a musical phenomenon.
PHENOSEPhe"nose`, n. Etym: [Phenyl + dextrose.] (Chem.)
Defn: A sweet amorphous deliquescent substance obtained indirectly from benzene, and isometric with, and resembling, dextrose.
PHENYL Phe"nyl, n. Etym: [Gr. -yl: cf. F. phényle. So called because it is a by-product of illuminating gas.] (Chem.)
Defn: A hydrocarbon radical (C6H5) regarded as the essential residue of benzene, and the basis of an immense number of aromatic derivatives. Phenyl hydrate (Chem.), phenol or carbolic acid. — Phenyl hydrazine (Chem.), a nitrogenous base (C6H5.N2H3) produced artificially as a colorless oil which unites with acids, ketones, etc., to form well-crystallized compounds.
PHENYLAMINEPhe`nyl*am"ine, n. Etym: [Phenyl + amine.] (Chem.)
Defn: Any one of certain class of organic bases regarded as formed from ammonia by the substitution of phenyl for hydrogen.
PHENYLENEPhe"nyl*ene, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A hypothetic radical (C6H4) occurring in certain derivatives of benzene; as, phenylene diamine.
PHENYLICPhe*nyl"ic, a. (Chem.)
Defn: Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, phenyl. Phenylic alcohol (Chem.), phenol.
PHEONPhe"on, n. Etym: [Prob. from Old French.] (Her.)
Defn: A bearing representing the head of a dart or javelin, with long barbs which are engrailed on the inner edge.
PHIAL Phi"al, n. Etym: [F. fiole, L. phiala a broad, flat, shallow cup or bowl, Gr. Vial.]
Defn: A glass vessel or bottle, especially a small bottle for medicines; a vial.
PHIALPhi"al, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phialed; p. pr. & vb. n. Phialing.]
Defn: To put or keep in, or as in, a phial.Its phial'd wrath may fate exhaust. Shenstone.
PHILABEGPhil"a*beg, n.
Defn: See Filibeg.
PHILADELPHIAN Phil`a*del"phi*an, a. Etym: [Gr. filadelfia brotherly love, from fila`delfos brotherly; fi`los loved, loving, friendly + 'adelfo`s brother.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to Ptolemy Philadelphus, or to one of the cities named Philadelphia, esp. the modern city in Pennsylvania.
PHILADELPHIANPhil`a*del"phi*an, n.
1. A native or an inhabitant of Philadelphia.
2. (Eccl. Hist.)
Defn: One of a society of mystics of the seventeenth century, — called also the Family of Love. Tatler.
PHILALETHISTPhil`a*le"thist, n. Etym: [Philo- + Gr.
Defn: A lover of the truth. [Obs.] Brathwait.
PHILANDERPhi*lan"der, v. i. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: To make love to women; to play the male flirt.You can't go philandering after her again. G. Eliot.
PHILANDERPhi*lan"der, n.
Defn: A lover. [R.] Congreve.
PHILANDER Phi*lan"der, n. (Zoöl.) (a) A South American opossum (Didelphys philander). (b) An Australian bandicoot (Perameles lagotis).
PHILANDERERPhi*lan"der*er, n.
Defn: One who hangs about women; a male flirt. [R.] C. Kingsley.
PHILANTHROPEPhil"an*thrope, n. Etym: [F.]
Defn: A philanthropist. [Obs.] R. North.
PHILANTHROPIC; PHILANTHROPICAL Phil`an*throp"ic, Phil`an*throp"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F. philanthropique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to philanthropy; characterized byphilanthropy; loving or helping mankind; as, a philanthropicenterprise.— Phil`an*throp"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHILANTHROPINISMPhil`an*throp"i*nism, n.
Defn: A system of education on so-called natural principles, attempted in Germany in the last century by Basedow, of Dessau.
PHILANTHROPINISTPhil`an*throp"i*nist, n.
Defn: An advocate of, or believer in, philanthropinism.
PHILANTHROPISTPhi*lan"thro*pist, n. Etym: [Gr. philanthrope.]
Defn: One who practices philanthropy; one who loves mankind, and seeks to promote the good of others.
PHILANTHROPISTICPhi*lan`thro*pis"tic, a.
Defn: Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a philanthropist. [R.]Carlyle.
PHILANTHROPYPhi*lan"thro*py, n. Etym: [L. philanthropia, Gr. philanthropie.]
Defn: Love to mankind; benevolence toward the whole human family; universal good will; desire and readiness to do good to all men; — opposed to misanthropy. Jer. Taylor.
PHILATELICPhil`a*tel"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to philately.
PHILATELISTPhi*lat"e*list, n.
Defn: One versed in philately; one who collects postage stamps.
PHILATELYPhi*lat"e*ly, n. Etym: [Philo- + Gr. frank to send free.]
Defn: The collection of postage stamps of various issues.
PHILATHEAPhi*la"the*a, n. [Coined from Gr. loving + truth.]
Defn: An international, interdenominational organization of Bible classes of young women.
PHILATORYPhil"a*to*ry, n. Etym: [OF. filatiere, philatiere. See Phylactery.](Eccl.)
Defn: A kind of transparent reliquary with an ornamental top.
PHILAUTYPhil"au*ty, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Self-love; selfishness. [Obs.] Beaumont.
PHILHARMONICPhil`har*mon"ic, a. Etym: [Philo- + Gr. philharmonique.]
Defn: Loving harmony or music.
PHILHELLENEPhil*hel"lene, n.
Defn: A friend of Greece, or of the Greeks; a philhellenist. Emerson.
PHILHELLENICPhil`hel*len"ic, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to philhellenism.
PHILHELLENISMPhil*hel"len*ism, n.
Defn: Love of Greece.
PHILHELLENISTPhil*hel"len*ist, n. Etym: [Philo- + Gr. philhellène.]
Defn: A friend of Greece; one who supports the cause of the Greeks; particularly, one who supported them in their struggle for independence against the Turks; a philhellene.
PHILIBEGPhil"i*beg, n.
Defn: See Filibeg. [Scot.]
PHILIP Phil"ip, n. Etym: [So called from their notes.] (Zoöl.) (a) The European hedge sparrow. (b) The house sparrow. Called also phip. [Prov. Eng.]
PHILIPPIANPhi*lip"pi*an, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to Philippi, a city of ancient Macedonia.— n.
Defn: A native or an inhabitant of Philippi.
PHILIPPICPhi*lip"pic, n. Etym: [L. Philippicus belonging to Philip, Philippic,Gr. philippique.]
1. Any one of the series of famous orations of Demosthenes, the Grecian orator, denouncing Philip, king of Macedon.
2. Hence: Any discourse or declamation abounding in acrimonious invective.
PHILIPPIUMPhi*lip"pi*um, n. Etym: [NL. So named from Philippe Plantamour, ofGeneva, Switzerland.] (Chem.)
Defn: A rare and doubtful metallic element said to have been discovered in the mineral samarskite.
PHILIPPIZEPhil"ip*pize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Philippized; p. pr. & vb. n.Philippizing.] Etym: [Gr.
1. To support or advocate the cause of Philip of Macedon.
2. Etym: [See Philippic.]
Defn: To write or speak in the style of a philippic.
PHILISTERPhi*lis"ter, n. Etym: [G.]
Defn: A Philistine; — a cant name given to townsmen by students inGerman universities.
PHILISTINEPhi*lis"tine, n. Etym: [L. Philistinus, Heb. Phlishthi, pl.Phlishthim.]
1. A native or an inhabitant of ancient Philistia, a coast region of southern Palestine.
2. A bailiff. [Cant, Eng.] [Obs.] Swift.
3. A person deficient in liberal culture and refinement; one without appreciation of the nobler aspirations and sentiments of humanity; one whose scope is limited to selfish and material interests. [Recent] M. Arnold.
PHILISTINEPhi*lis"tine, a.
1. Of or pertaining to the Philistines.
2. Uncultured; commonplace.
PHILISTINISMPhi*lis"tin*ism, n.
Defn: The condition, character, aims, and habits of the class called Philistines. See Philistine, 3. [Recent] Carlyle. On the side of beauty and taste, vulgarity; on the side of morals and feeling, coarseness; on the side of mind and spirit, unintelligence, — this is Philistinism. M. Arnold.
PHILLIPSITE Phil"lips*ite, n. Etym: [So named after John Phillips, an English mineralogist.] (Min.) (a) A hydrous silicate of aluminia, lime, and soda, a zeolitic mineral commonly occurring in complex twin crystals, often cruciform in shape; — called also christianite.
PHILLYGENINPhil*lyg"e*nin, n. Etym: [Phillyrin + -gen + -in.] (Chem.)
Defn: A pearly crystalline substance obtained by the decomposition of phillyrin.
PHILLYREAPhil*lyr"e*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of evergreen plants growing along the shores of theMediterranean, and breading a fruit resembling that of the olive.
PHILLYRINPhil"ly*rin, n. (Chem.)
Defn: A glucoside extracted from Phillyrea as a bitter white crystalline substance. It is sometimes used as a febrifuge.
PHILO-Philo-.
Defn: A combining form from Gr. fi`los loving, fond of, attached to; as, philosophy, philotechnic.
PHILOGYNISTPhi*log"y*nist, n. Etym: [See Philogyny.]
Defn: A lover or friend of women; one who esteems woman as the higher type of humanity; — opposed to Ant: misogynist.
PHILOGYNYPhi*log"y*ny, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Fondness for women; uxoriousness; — opposed to Ant: misogyny.[R.] Byron.
PHILOHELLENIANPhil`o*hel*le"ni*an, n.
Defn: A philhellenist.
PHILOLOGERPhi*lol"o*ger, n. Etym: [Cf. L. philologus a man of letters, Gr.
Defn: A philologist. Burton.
PHILOLOGIANPhil`o*lo"gi*an, n.
Defn: A philologist. [R.]
PHILOLOGICAL; PHILOLOGICPhil`o*log"ic*al, Phil`o*log"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. philologique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to philology.— Phil`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHILOLOGISTPhi*lol"o*gist, n.
Defn: One versed in philology.
PHILOLOGIZEPhi*lol"o*gize, v. i.
Defn: To study, or make critical comments on, language. Evelyn.
PHILOLOGUEPhil"o*logue, n. Etym: [Cf. F. philologue.]
Defn: A philologist. [R.] Carlyle.
PHILOLOGY Phi*lol"o*gy, n. Etym: [L. philologia love of learning, interpretation, philology, Gr. philologie. See Philologer.]
1. Criticism; grammatical learning. [R.] Johnson.
2. The study of language, especially in a philosophical manner and as a science; the investigation of the laws of human speech, the relation of different tongues to one another, and historical development of languages; linguistic science.
Note: Philology comprehends a knowledge of the etymology, or origin and combination of words; grammar, the construction of sentences, or use of words in language; criticism, the interpretation of authors, the affinities of different languages, and whatever relates to the history or present state of languages. It sometimes includes rhetoric, poetry, history, and antiquities.
3. A treatise on the science of language.
PHILOMATH Phil"o*math, n. Etym: [Gr. fi`los loving, a friend + ma`qh learning, fr.
Defn: A lover of learning; a scholar. Chesterfield.
PHILOMATHEMATICPhil`o*math`e*mat"ic, n.
Defn: A philomath.
PHILOMATHICPhil`o*math"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. philomathique.]
1. Of or pertaining to philomathy.
2. Having love of learning or letters.
PHILOMATHYPhi*lom"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: The love of learning or letters.
PHILOMELPhil"o*mel, n.
Defn: Same as Philomela, the nightingale. [Poetic] Milton. Cowper.
PHILOMELAPhil`o*me"la, n. Etym: [L. philomela, Gr.
1. The nightingale; philomel. Shak.
2. (Zoöl.)
Defn: A genus of birds including the nightingales.
PHILOMENEPhil"o*mene, n.
Defn: The nightingale. [Obs.]
PHILOMOTPhil"o*mot, a. Etym: [See Filemot.]
Defn: Of the color of a dead leaf. [Obs.] Addison.
PHILOMUSICALPhil`o*mu"sic*al, a. Etym: [Philo- + musical.]
Defn: Loving music. [R.]Busby.
PHILOPENA Phil`o*pe"na, n. Etym: [Probably a corruption fr. G. vielliebchen, LG. vielliebken, or D. veelliebken, a philopena, literally, much loved; but influenced by Gr. poena penalty, from an idea that the gift was a penalty of friendship or love.]
Defn: A present or gift which is made as a forfeit in a social game that is played in various ways; also, the game itself. [Written also fillipeen and phillippine.]
Note: One of the ways may be stated as follows: A person finding a nut with two kernels eats one, and gives the other to a person of the opposite sex, and then whichever says philopena first at the next meeting wins the present. The name is also applied to the kernels eaten.
PHILOPOLEMIC; PHILOPOLEMICALPhil`o*po*lem"ic, Phil`o*po*lem"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Fond of polemics or controversy. [R.]
PHILOPROGENITIVEPhil`o*pro*gen"i*tive, a.
Defn: Having the love of offspring; fond of children.
PHILOPROGENITIVENESS Phil`o*pro*gen"i*tive*ness, n. Etym: [Philo- + L. progenies offspring.] (Phren.)
Defn: The love of offspring; fondness for children.
PHILOSOPHASTER Phi*los"o*phas`ter, n. Etym: [L., a bad philosopher, fr. philosophus: cf. OF. philosophastre.]
Defn: A pretender to philosophy. [Obs.] Dr. H. More.
PHILOSOPHATE Phi*los"o*phate, v. i. Etym: [L. philosophatus, p.p. of philosophari to philosophize.]
Defn: To play the philosopher; to moralize. [Obs.] Barrow.
PHILOSOPHATIONPhi*los`o*pha"tion, n.
Defn: Philosophical speculation and discussion. [Obs.] Sir W. Petty.
PHILOSOPHEPhil"o*sophe, n. Etym: [F., a philosopher.]
Defn: A philosophaster; a philosopher. [R.] Carlyle.
PHILOSOPHEMEPhi*los"o*pheme, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: A philosophical proposition, doctrine, or principle ofreasoning. [R.]This, the most venerable, and perhaps the most ancient, of Grecianmyths, is a philosopheme. Coleridge.
PHILOSOPHER Phi*los"o*pher, n. Etym: [OE. philosophre, F. philosophe, L. philosophus, Gr. Philosophy.]
1. One who philosophizes; one versed in, or devoted to, philosophy. Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoics, encountered him. Acts xvii. 18.
2. One who reduces the principles of philosophy to practice in the conduct of life; one who lives according to the rules of practical wisdom; one who meets or regards all vicissitudes with calmness.
3. An alchemist. [Obs.] Chaucer. Philosopher's stone, an imaginary stone which the alchemists formerly sought as instrument of converting the baser metals into gold.
PHILOSOPHIC; PHILOSOPHICAL Phil`o*soph"ic, Phil`o*soph"ic*al, a. Etym: [L. philosophicus: cf. F. philosophique.]
Defn: Of or pertaining to philosophy; versed in, or imbued with, the principles of philosophy; hence, characterizing a philosopher; rational; wise; temperate; calm; cool. — Phil`o*soph"ic*al*ly, adv.
PHILOSOPHISMPhi*los"o*phism, n. Etym: [Cf. F. philosophisme.]
Defn: Spurious philosophy; the love or practice of sophistry.Carlyle.
PHILOSOPHISTPhi*los"o*phist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. philosophiste.]
Defn: A pretender in philosophy.
PHILOSOPHISTIC; PHILOSOPHISTICALPhi*los`o*phis"tic, Phi*los`o*phis"tic*al, a.
Defn: Of or pertaining to the love or practice of sophistry. [R.]
PHILOSOPHIZEPhi*los"o*phize, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Philosophized; p. pr. & vb. n.Philosophizing.]
Defn: To reason like a philosopher; to search into the reason and nature of things; to investigate phenomena, and assign rational causes for their existence. Man philosophizes as he lives. He may philosophize well or ill, but philosophize he must. Sir W. Hamilton.
PHILOSOPHIZERPhi*los"o*phi`zer, n.
Defn: One who philosophizes.
PHILOSOPHY Phi*los"o*phy, n.; pl. Philosophies. Etym: [OE. philosophie, F. philosophie, L. philosophia, from Gr. Philosopher.]
1. Literally, the love of, including the search after, wisdom; in actual usage, the knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and resolved into, causes and reasons, powers and laws.
Note: When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics.
Note: "Philosophy has been defined: tionscience of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; — the science of effects by their causes; — the science of sufficient reasons; — the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; — the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; — the science of truths sensible and abstract; — the application of reason to its legitimate objects; — the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; — the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; — the science of science; — the science of the absolute; — the scienceof the absolute indifference of the ideal and real." Sir W. Hamilton.
2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained. [Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie. Chaucer. We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school. Locke.
3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy. Then had he spent all his philosophy. Chaucer.
4. Reasoning; argumentation. Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy. Milton.
5. The course of sciences read in the schools. Johnson.
6. A treatise on philosophy. Philosophy of the Academy, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy. — Philosophy of the Garden, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens. — Philosophy of the Lyceum, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens. — Philosophy of the Porch, that of Zeno and the Stoics; — so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens.
PHILOSTORGYPhil`o*stor"gy, n. Etym: [Gr.
Defn: Natural affection, as of parents for their children. [R.]
PHILOTECHNIC; PHILOTECHNICAL Phil`o*tech"nic, Phil`o*tech"nic*al, a. Etym: [Philo- + Gr. philotechnique.]
Defn: Fond of the arts. [R.]
PHILTERPhil"ter, n. Etym: [F. philtre, L. philtrum, Gr.
Defn: A potion or charm intended to excite the passion of love.[Written also philtre.] Addison.
PHILTERPhil"ter, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Philtered; p. pr. & vb. n. Philtering.]
1. To impregnate or mix with a love potion; as, to philter a draught.
2. To charm to love; to excite to love or sexual desire by a potion. Gov. of Tongue.
PHIMOSISPhi*mo"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)
Defn: A condition of the penis in which the prepuce can not be drawn back so as to uncover the glans penis.
PHITONESSPhi"ton*ess, n.
Defn: Pythoness; witch. [Obs.]
PHIZPhiz, n.; pl. Phizes. Etym: [Contr. fr. physiognomy.]
Defn: The face or visage. [Colloq.] Cowper.
PHLEBITISPhle*bi"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)
Defn: Inflammation of a vein.
PHLEBOGRAMPhleb"o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. -gram.] (Physiol.)
Defn: A tracing (with the sphygmograph) of the movements of a vein, or of the venous pulse.
PHLEBOLITE; PHLEBOLITHPhleb"o*lite, Phleb"o*lith, n. Etym: [Gr. -lite, -lith.] (Med.)
Defn: A small calcareous concretion formed in a vein; a vein stone.
PHLEBOLOGYPhle*bol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]
Defn: A branch of anatomy which treats of the veins.
PHLEBOTOMISTPhle*bot"o*mist, n. Etym: [Cf. F. phlébotomiste.] (Med.)
Defn: One who practiced phlebotomy.
PHLEBOTOMIZEPhle*bot"o*mize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phlebotomized; p. pr. & vb. n.Phlebotomizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. phlébotomiser.]
Defn: To let blood from by opening a vein; to bleed. [R.] Howell.
PHLEBOTOMYPhle*bot"o*my, n. Etym: [L. phlebotomia, Gr. phlébotomie. Cf. Fleam.](Med.)
Defn: The act or practice of opening a vein for letting blood, in the treatment of disease; venesection; bloodletting.
PHLEGETHONPhleg"e*thon, n. [L., fr. Gr. , prop. p.pr. of to blaze.] (ClassMyth.)
Defn: One of the principal rivers of Hades, in the channel of which fire flowed instead of water.
Fierce Phlegethon,Whose waves of torrent fire inflame with rage.Milton.
PHLEGMPhlegm, n. Etym: [F. phlegme, flegme, L. phlegma, fr. Gr. Phlox,Flagrant, Flame, Bleak, a., and Fluminate.]
1. One of the four humors of which the ancients supposed the blood to be composed. See Humor. Arbuthnot.
2. (Physiol.)
Defn: Viscid mucus secreted in abnormal quantity in the respiratory and digestive passages.
3. (Old Chem.)
Defn: A watery distilled liquor, in distinction from a spirituous liquor. Crabb.
4. Sluggishness of temperament; dullness; want of interest; indifference; coldness. They judge with fury, but they write with phlegm. Pope.
PHLEGMAGOGUEPhleg"ma*gogue, n. Etym: [Gr. (Old Med.)
Defn: A medicine supposed to expel phlegm.
PHLEGMASIAPhleg*ma"si*a, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. Phlegm.] (Med.)
Defn: An inflammation; more particularly, an inflammation of the internal organs. Phlegmasia dolens ( Etym: [NL.], milk leg.
PHLEGMATICPhleg*mat"ic, a. Etym: [L. phlegmaticus, Gr. phlegmatique.]
1. Watery. [Obs.] "Aqueous and phlegmatic." Sir I. Newton.
2. Abounding in phlegm; as, phlegmatic humors; a phlegmatic constitution. Harvey.
3. Generating or causing phlegm. "Cold and phlegmatic habitations." Sir T. Browne.
4. Not easily excited to action or passion; cold; dull; sluggish; heavy; as, a phlegmatic person. Addison. Phlegmatic temperament (Old Physiol.), lymphatic temperament. See under Lymphatic.
PHLEGMATICALPhleg*mat"ic*al, a.
Defn: Phlegmatic. Ash.
PHLEGMATICALLYPhleg*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.
Defn: In a phlegmatic manner.
PHLEGMATICLYPhleg*mat"ic*ly, a.
Defn: Phlegmatically. [Obs.]
PHLEGMON Phleg"mon, n. Etym: [L. phlegmone, phlegmon, inflammation beneath the skin, Gr. phlegmon.] (Med.)
Defn: Purulent inflammation of the cellular or areolar tissue.
PHLEGMONOUSPhleg"mon*ous, a. Etym: [Cf. F. phlegmoneux.]
Defn: Having the nature or properties of phlegmon; as, phlegmonous pneumonia. Harvey.
PHLEMEPhleme, n. (Surg. & Far.)
Defn: See Fleam.
PHLEUMPhle"um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: A genus of grasses, including the timothy (Phleum pratense), which is highly valued for hay; cat's-tail grass. Gray.
PHLOEMPhlo"ëm, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)
Defn: That portion of fibrovascular bundles which corresponds to the inner bark; the liber tissue; — distinguished from xylem.
PHLOGISTIANPhlo*gis"tian, n.
Defn: A believer in the existence of phlogiston.
PHLOGISTICPhlo*gis"tic, a.
1. (Old Chem.)
Defn: Of or pertaining to phlogiston, or to belief in its existence.
2. (Med.)
Defn: Inflammatory; belonging to inflammations and fevers.
PHLOGISTICALPhlo*gis"tic*al, a. (Old Chem.)
Defn: Phlogistic.
PHLOGISTICATEPhlo*gis"ti*cate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Phlogisticated; p. pr. & vb. n.Phlogisticating.] (Old Chem.)
Defn: To combine phlogiston with; — usually in the form and sense of the p. p. or the adj.; as, highly phlogisticated substances.
PHLOGISTICATIONPhlo*gis`ti*ca"tion, n. (Old Chem.)
Defn: The act or process of combining with phlogiston.
PHLOGISTONPhlo*gis"ton, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. Phlox.] (Old Chem.)
Defn: The hypothetical principle of fire, or inflammability, regarded by Stahl as a chemical element.
Note: This was supposed to be united with combustible (phlogisticated) bodies and to be separated from incombustible (dephlogisticated) bodies, the phenomena of flame and burning being the escape of phlogiston. Soot and sulphur were regarded as nearly pure phlogiston. The essential principle of this theory was, that combustion was a decomposition rather than the union and combination which it has since been shown to be.